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B1 verb #6,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 9 دقيقة للقراءة

差別する

sabetsu suru الأكثر شيوعاً #6,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 差別する في 30 ثانية

الشرح 差別する in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'sabetsu suru' means to treat someone in a bad or unfair way because they are different. It is a 'bad' action. You can think of it as 'not being kind' because of how someone looks or where they come from. It is a difficult word for A1, but you might hear it in very simple stories about being fair. Remember: 'sabetsu' is bad, 'kindness' is good. You use 'suru' to make it a verb. Even at this level, try to remember that 'sabetsu' is about 'difference' (sa) and 'separate' (betsu). If you see a sign that says 'No Sabetsu,' it means 'be fair to everyone.' Focus on the basic idea: treating people differently in a mean way is 'sabetsu suru.'

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can start using 'sabetsu suru' in simple sentences. You should understand that it is a transitive verb, so you use the particle 'wo' for the person being treated unfairly. For example, 'Hito wo sabetsu suru' (to discriminate against people). You might also learn that it is often used with 'dame' (bad/not allowed), as in 'sabetsu suru no wa dame desu' (discriminating is bad). You should also begin to recognize the difference between 'sabetsu' (bad discrimination) and 'kubetsu' (neutral sorting). If you are talking about people being mean because of race or gender, use 'sabetsu.' If you are talking about sorting apples from oranges, use 'kubetsu.' This level is about knowing the basic 'who' and 'what' of the word.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'sabetsu suru' to discuss social issues. You should know how to specify the reason for discrimination using the particle 'de' or the phrase 'wo riyuu ni.' For example, 'Seibetsu wo riyuu ni sabetsu suru' (to discriminate based on gender). You should also be able to use the passive form 'sabetsu sareru' (to be discriminated against) to describe someone's experience. You will encounter this word in news articles, textbooks, and discussions about fairness in the workplace. You should also understand the adjectival form 'sabetsu-teki na' (discriminatory) to describe words or actions. This level requires you to use the word in context and understand its serious social weight.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'sabetsu suru' in more complex grammatical structures and formal discussions. You should understand the nuances between 'sabetsu,' 'henken' (prejudice), and 'ekohiiki' (favoritism). You should be able to discuss systemic issues, such as 'jinshu sabetsu' (racial discrimination) or 'gakureki sabetsu' (discrimination based on education), and express opinions on how to solve these problems. You should also recognize the word in academic or professional settings, such as HR training or sociology lectures. At this level, you should be able to explain *why* something is considered 'sabetsu' using logical arguments and appropriate vocabulary. You should also be aware of related terms like 'sabetsuka' (differentiation) and not confuse them.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the historical and sociological implications of 'sabetsu suru' in Japan. This includes knowledge of specific historical contexts like the Burakumin issue, the treatment of the Ainu, and the Zainichi Korean community. You should be able to use the word in high-level debates, legal contexts, and literary analysis. You should understand subtle forms of discrimination, such as 'unconscious bias' (muishiki no henken) or 'structural discrimination' (kouzou-teki na sabetsu). Your use of the word should reflect an awareness of sensitive social dynamics. You should also be able to critique the use of the word in media and politics, recognizing when it is being used as a rhetorical tool or to highlight genuine human rights concerns.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'sabetsu suru' and its multifaceted applications. You can navigate the most complex and sensitive discussions regarding human rights, ethics, and social policy with precision. You understand the philosophical roots of the term and how its meaning has shifted over centuries. You can use the word in professional legal writing, academic research, or high-stakes negotiations. You are also aware of the international context of the word and can compare Japanese concepts of discrimination with those in other cultures. At this level, you are not just using the word; you are engaging with the profound social and ethical realities it represents, using language that is both sophisticated and empathetic.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

差別する في 30 ثانية

A verb meaning 'to discriminate,' primarily used for unfair social treatment based on race, gender, or background.
Grammatically a transitive suru-verb (を差別する), often paired with 'de' to indicate the basis of discrimination.
Must be distinguished from 'kubetsu suru' (to distinguish), which is a neutral and logical act of sorting.
Highly formal and serious, commonly found in news, legal contexts, and discussions about human rights in Japan.

The Japanese verb 差別する (sabetsu suru) is a powerful and socially significant term that primarily translates to "to discriminate against" or "to treat unfairly based on differences." In a linguistic sense, it is a compound verb formed by the noun 差別 (sabetsu - discrimination) and the auxiliary verb する (suru - to do). While the word can technically mean to differentiate or distinguish in a neutral, philosophical context, its modern usage is almost exclusively negative, referring to the act of marginalizing individuals or groups based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, religion, or social background. Understanding this word is crucial for navigating social issues and human rights discussions in Japan.

Etymological Nuance: The kanji 差 (sa) represents a difference or discrepancy, while 別 (betsu) refers to separation or branching off. Together, they imply a separation based on differences. In historical Buddhist texts, this term was used more neutrally to describe the various manifestations of the world, but in contemporary Japanese, it has evolved into a heavy sociological term denoting prejudice in action.
Social Context: When someone uses 差別する, they are usually highlighting an injustice. It is frequently encountered in news reports concerning the workplace, housing, or international relations. It is the active form of being prejudiced; while 偏見 (henken) is the internal thought (prejudice), 差別する is the external action taken because of that thought.

性別を理由に人を差別することは、法律で禁じられています。(Discriminating against people based on gender is prohibited by law.)

It is important to distinguish this from 区別する (kubetsu suru). While 差別する implies unfairness and hierarchy, 区別する is the neutral act of distinguishing one thing from another, such as distinguishing between trash types or colors. Using 差別する when you mean 'distinguish' can make you sound like you are accusing someone of a human rights violation, so choose your words carefully depending on the intent of the separation.

彼は他人を人種で差別するような人間ではない。(He is not the kind of person who would discriminate against others based on race.)

Common Collocations: You will often see it paired with specific categories: 人種差別 (racial discrimination), 性差別 (gender discrimination), and 学歴差別 (discrimination based on educational background). The particle 'で' (de) or 'を理由に' (wo riyuu ni) is typically used to indicate the basis of the discrimination.

Using 差別する (sabetsu suru) correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical structure and its emotional weight. As a suru-verb, it functions as a transitive verb, meaning it usually takes a direct object—the person or group being discriminated against—followed by the particle を (wo). The criteria or reason for the discrimination is often marked by the particle で (de) or the phrase を理由に (wo riyuu ni), which means 'with ... as a reason.'

Basic Transitive Pattern: The most common pattern is [Group/Person] を [Basis] で差別する. For example, '外国人(がいこくじん)を国籍(こくせき)で差別する' (To discriminate against foreigners based on nationality). This structure clearly defines the victim, the reason, and the action.

その会社は、女性を昇進(しょうしん)において差別していました。(That company was discriminating against women in terms of promotions.)

Another important grammatical aspect is the use of 差別的な (sabetsu-teki na), the adjectival form. This is used to describe words, attitudes, or policies. For instance, '差別的な発言' (sabetsu-teki na hatsugen) refers to discriminatory remarks or hate speech. This is a common phrase in news reporting when a politician or public figure says something offensive.

The Passive Voice: Because discrimination is often something experienced by a subject, the passive form 差別される (sabetsu sareru) is vital. Use it to say 'I was discriminated against' or 'They are being discriminated against.' Example: '彼は肌の色で差別された' (He was discriminated against because of his skin color).

いかなる理由があろうとも、人を差別してはならない。(No matter what the reason, one must not discriminate against people.)

In formal writing, such as legal documents or academic papers, you might see the noun form 差別 (sabetsu) followed by verbs like 撤廃する (teppai suru - to abolish) or 解消する (kaishou suru - to resolve). For example, '人種差別の撤廃' (the abolition of racial discrimination). Mastering these combinations allows you to discuss complex social issues with precision.

私たちは、あらゆる形態の差別に反対します。(We oppose all forms of discrimination.)

The word 差別する (sabetsu suru) is pervasive in Japanese media, education, and legal contexts. If you watch the NHK news or read major newspapers like the Asahi Shimbun, you will encounter this word almost daily, particularly in stories regarding human rights, international relations, or social justice movements. It is a 'serious' word that carries a heavy weight of moral judgment.

In the News: News segments often use phrases like '不当に差別する' (futou ni sabetsu suru - to discriminate unjustly). You will hear it in reports about the gender pay gap, the treatment of foreign laborers (技能実習生), or historical issues like the Burakumin or Ainu people. It is the standard term for describing systemic inequality.

政府は、障害者を差別する法律を改正する方針だ。(The government plans to revise laws that discriminate against people with disabilities.)

In educational settings, students are taught about 差別 (sabetsu) as part of 'Dowa' education or human rights awareness (人権教育). You might hear a teacher say, '差別する心を持ってはいけません' (You must not have a heart that discriminates). This reinforces the moral imperative against prejudice from a young age.

In Pop Culture and Literature: In anime and manga that deal with social themes (such as 'The Rising of the Shield Hero' or 'Attack on Titan'), the word is frequently used to describe the persecution of specific races or classes. Characters might cry out, 'なぜ私たちを差別するんだ！' (Why do you discriminate against us!). It serves as a narrative device to highlight the protagonist's struggle against an unfair society.

彼は、自分が差別されていると感じ、会社を辞めた。(He felt he was being discriminated against and quit the company.)

Lastly, in everyday conversation, the word is used when someone feels they are being treated differently or unfairly in a small group. For example, if a parent gives a bigger gift to one child, the other might jokingly or seriously say '差別しないで！' (Don't discriminate/play favorites!). However, because the word is so heavy, 'ひいきする' (hiiki suru - to show favoritism) is more common for minor social imbalances.

The most frequent mistake learners make with 差別する (sabetsu suru) is confusing it with its neutral counterpart, 区別する (kubetsu suru). While both words involve identifying differences, their connotations are opposite. Using the wrong one can lead to serious misunderstandings or even unintended accusations.

Sabetsu vs. Kubetsu: 差別 (Sabetsu) is 'discrimination'—it is negative, unfair, and implies a hierarchy (one is better than the other). 区別 (Kubetsu) is 'distinction'—it is neutral, logical, and implies no value judgment. For example, if you are sorting recycling into 'bottles' and 'cans,' you are 区別する. If you were to say you are 差別する the trash, it would sound like you have a personal vendetta against the cans.

❌ ゴミを差別する。(Wrong: Discriminate against trash.)
✅ ゴミを区別する。(Correct: Distinguish/sort trash.)

Another mistake is using 差別化する (sabetsuka suru) incorrectly. While 'sabetsu' is usually bad, 'sabetsuka' is a positive business term meaning 'differentiation' or 'branding.' A company wants to 差別化する its products from competitors to stand out. Learners often drop the 'ka' (化 - to become/make) and accidentally say the company is 'discriminating' against its products.

Particle Errors: Learners often struggle with the particle for the basis of discrimination. Remember to use で (de) or を理由に (wo riyuu ni). Using 'に' (ni) to mark the reason (e.g., *性別に差別する) is grammatically incorrect and confusing. 'に' is usually used for the target if you use the noun form '差別に対して' (against discrimination).

Finally, be careful with the word 逆差別 (gyaku-sabetsu), which means 'reverse discrimination.' While it is a valid term, it is controversial and should be used with an understanding of the social debate surrounding it, much like in English. Overusing it can make one's speech sound politically charged.

To truly master the concept of 差別する (sabetsu suru), it is helpful to look at related terms that describe different shades of unfair treatment or distinction. Choosing the right word demonstrates a high level of linguistic and cultural competence.

偏見 (Henken): Meaning: Prejudice / Bias. This is the internal thought or feeling. You have (持つ - motsu) a prejudice, but you do (する - suru) discrimination. Example: '彼は外国人に対して偏見を持っている' (He has a prejudice against foreigners).
区別 (Kubetsu): Meaning: Distinction / Differentiation. This is the neutral act of telling things apart. It is a logical process with no negative intent. Example: '善悪を区別する' (To distinguish between good and evil).
贔屓 / えこひいき (Hiiki / Ekohiiki): Meaning: Favoritism. This is often used in personal relationships, like a teacher having a favorite student. It is less 'heavy' than 差別 and usually refers to positive bias toward one person rather than negative bias against a group.

事実と意見を区別することが大切だ。(It is important to distinguish between facts and opinions.)

In a business context, you will often hear 差別化 (Sabetsuka). As mentioned before, this is 'differentiation' in marketing. It’s about making your product unique. It is almost always positive. '他社との差別化を図る' (To aim for differentiation from other companies) is a common corporate goal.

Other related terms include 迫害 (Hakugai) meaning 'persecution' (more extreme than discrimination), and 不遇 (Fuguu) meaning 'misfortune' or 'being treated poorly by fate/society.' When discussing modern social issues like 'microaggressions,' Japanese speakers might use the English loanword or describe it as '無意識の偏見' (muishiki no henken - unconscious bias).

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

While 'sabetsu' today is almost 100% negative, its Buddhist origin was actually a neutral observation that 'all things are different.' The negative social meaning of 'discrimination' became dominant in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as Japan modernized and adopted Western sociological concepts.

دليل النطق

UK /sæˈbet.suː suː.ruː/

US /sɑˈbɛt.suː suː.ruː/

In Japanese, 差別する has a pitch accent. In the standard (Tokyo) accent, 'sa' is low, 'be' is high, and 'tsu' and 'suru' drop back down (Heiban or Odaka depending on the context).

يتقافى مع

Setsu (section) Ketsu (decision) Tetsu (iron) Metsu (destruction) Retsu (row) Netsu (heat) Betsu (separate) Zetsu (tongue)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'tsu' as 'su'. Make sure to include the 't' sound at the start.
Stressing the wrong syllable. Japanese is mora-timed, so give each character equal length.
Pronouncing 'be' like 'bee'. It should be a short 'e' like in 'egg'.
Making the 'r' in 'suru' too heavy like an English 'r'. It should be a light tap like the 'tt' in 'better'.
Confusing the pitch accent with English-style stress.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The kanji are common but require attention to the 'sa' and 'betsu' components. Not overly complex for an intermediate learner.

الكتابة 4/5

Writing 'sa' (差) can be tricky due to the number of strokes and its balance.

التحدث 2/5

Easy to pronounce as a suru-verb, but the weight of the word makes it difficult to use appropriately in social situations.

الاستماع 2/5

Distinctive sound, often clearly enunciated in news and formal speeches.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

違う (to be different) 別 (separate) 心 (heart) いけない (bad/must not) 理由 (reason)

تعلّم لاحقاً

平等 (equality) 偏見 (prejudice) 人権 (human rights) 公平 (fairness) 撤廃 (abolition)

متقدم

構造的差別 (structural discrimination) 是正措置 (corrective measures) 多様性 (diversity) 包摂 (inclusion) マイノリティ (minority)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Suru-verbs

差別する (To discriminate), 勉強する (To study).

Passive Voice (Rare-ru)

彼は差別された。(He was discriminated against.)

Adjectival form (-teki)

差別的な言葉 (Discriminatory words).

Particle 'de' for basis

国籍で判断する (To judge by nationality).

Noun + 'nitsuite' (about)

差別について話し合う (Discuss about discrimination).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

差別するのはいけません。

Discriminating is not allowed.

Simple verb + 'no wa ikemasen' (must not).

人を差別しないでください。

Please do not discriminate against people.

'nai de kudasai' is a polite request to stop an action.

差別は悪いです。

Discrimination is bad.

Using the noun form 'sabetsu' as a subject.

みんなを差別しない。

I don't discriminate against anyone.

Negative plain form of the verb.

差別する人は嫌いです。

I dislike people who discriminate.

Using the verb as a relative clause to modify 'hito' (person).

差別するのをやめましょう。

Let's stop discriminating.

'mashou' indicates a suggestion or invitation.

なぜ差別するのですか？

Why do you discriminate?

'no desu ka' adds an explanatory nuance to the question.

差別しない心。

A heart that does not discriminate.

Negative verb modifying the noun 'kokoro' (heart).

外国人を差別してはいけません。

You must not discriminate against foreigners.

'te wa ikemasen' is a strong prohibition.

彼は肌の色で人を差別する。

He discriminates against people based on skin color.

Particle 'de' indicates the basis/reason.

差別するのはとても悲しいことです。

Discriminating is a very sad thing.

'koto' turns the phrase into a noun clause.

私たちは差別しない社会を作りたい。

We want to create a society that doesn't discriminate.

Relative clause modifying 'shakai' (society).

彼女は差別されたと感じました。

She felt like she was discriminated against.

Passive form 'sabetsu sareta' + 'to kanjiru' (to feel that...).

差別することと区別することは違います。

Discriminating and distinguishing are different.

Comparing two gerunds using 'to' and 'chigaimasu'.

学校で差別について学びました。

I learned about discrimination at school.

'nitsuite' means 'about'.

差別する理由は何ですか？

What is the reason for discriminating?

Verb modifying 'riyuu' (reason).

性別を理由に差別することは法律で禁じられている。

Discriminating based on gender is forbidden by law.

'wo riyuu ni' is a formal way to state the reason.

不当に差別された場合は、相談してください。

If you are unjustly discriminated against, please seek advice.

'baai wa' sets up a conditional situation.

彼は差別的な発言をして、批判された。

He made discriminatory remarks and was criticized.

'sabetsu-teki na' is the adjectival form.

この会社は、年齢で社員を差別しない。

This company does not discriminate against employees based on age.

Transitive use with 'wo' for target and 'de' for basis.

差別をなくすために、教育が重要です。

Education is important in order to eliminate discrimination.

'tame ni' indicates purpose.

多くの人が、今も差別されている現状がある。

There is a current situation where many people are still being discriminated against.

Passive voice 'sarete iru' describing an ongoing state.

見た目だけで人を差別してはいけない。

You shouldn't discriminate against people just based on their appearance.

'dake de' means 'just by/based only on'.

その映画は、人種差別をテーマにしている。

That movie has racial discrimination as its theme.

'wo teema ni shite iru' means 'has ... as its theme'.

雇用において差別することは、社会全体の不利益になる。

Discriminating in employment leads to a disadvantage for society as a whole.

'ni oite' means 'in' or 'in the field of'.

無意識のうちに他人を差別していないか、自問自答すべきだ。

We should ask ourselves whether we are discriminating against others unconsciously.

'muishiki no uchi ni' means 'unconsciously/without realizing'.

歴史的な背景から、特定の地域が差別されてきた。

Due to historical background, certain regions have been discriminated against.

'te kita' indicates an action/state that has continued from the past to the present.

差別的な待遇を改善するために、新しい政策が導入された。

New policies were introduced to improve discriminatory treatment.

'taiguu' means 'treatment' or 'reception'.

彼は、障害者を差別するようなシステムに異議を唱えた。

He voiced an objection to the system that discriminates against people with disabilities.

'ni igi wo tonaeru' means 'to voice an objection to'.

ネット上での差別的な書き込みが問題になっている。

Discriminatory posts on the internet are becoming a problem.

'kakikomi' refers to posts or comments online.

文化の違いを理解せず、安易に差別するのは危険だ。

It is dangerous to discriminate easily without understanding cultural differences.

'ani ni' means 'easily' or 'thoughtlessly'.

差別を是認するような風潮を打破しなければならない。

We must break down the social trend that seems to approve of discrimination.

'zenin suru' means 'to approve' or 'to condone'.

制度的差別を構造的に分析し、その根本原因を解明する必要がある。

It is necessary to structurally analyze institutional discrimination and clarify its root causes.

'seido-teki sabetsu' is institutional discrimination.

マイノリティを差別する言説が、社会の分断を招いている。

Discourse that discriminates against minorities is leading to a division in society.

'gensetsu' refers to discourse or remarks.

この判決は、企業が従業員を差別したことを明確に認めた。

This ruling clearly recognized that the company discriminated against its employees.

'hanketsu' means judicial ruling.

差別されている人々の声を、政治に反映させることが急務だ。

It is an urgent matter to reflect the voices of discriminated people in politics.

'kyuumu' means 'urgent task'.

歴史教育を通じて、過去に差別してきた事実と向き合うべきだ。

Through history education, we should face the facts of past discrimination.

'tsuujite' means 'through' or 'via'.

差別を助長するようなメディアの報道姿勢は厳しく批判されるべきだ。

The reporting stance of media that promotes discrimination should be severely criticized.

'jojo suru' means 'to promote' or 'to encourage' (usually something bad).

国際社会は、あらゆる形態の差別を撤廃するために協調している。

The international community is cooperating to abolish all forms of discrimination.

'teppai suru' means 'to abolish'.

差別と区別の境界線は、しばしば主観によって曖昧になる。

The boundary between discrimination and distinction often becomes blurred by subjectivity.

'kyoukaisen' means 'boundary line'.

差別を正当化するいかなるイデオロギーも、現代社会では容認されない。

Any ideology that justifies discrimination is not tolerated in modern society.

'seitouka suru' means 'to justify'.

彼は、社会の深層に潜む差別意識を鋭く告発する論文を発表した。

He published a paper that sharply denounced the discriminatory consciousness lurking in the depths of society.

'shinsou ni hisomu' means 'lurking in the depths'.

人権の普遍性に照らせば、特定の人々を差別することは許しがたい暴挙である。

In light of the universality of human rights, discriminating against specific people is an unpardonable outrage.

'ni teraseba' means 'in light of' or 'compared with'.

差別を克服した後の社会像をどのように描くかが、我々に問われている。

We are being asked how to envision a society after overcoming discrimination.

'kokufuku suru' means 'to overcome'.

言語の中に内在する差別的なニュアンスを排除する試みが続いている。

Attempts to eliminate discriminatory nuances inherent in language are continuing.

'naizai suru' means 'to be inherent'.

差別する主体が自らの特権に無自覚であるとき、問題はより深刻化する。

When the discriminating subject is unaware of their own privilege, the problem becomes even more serious.

'tokken' means 'privilege'.

法的な平等が達成されても、実質的な差別が残存しているケースは少なくない。

Even if legal equality is achieved, there are many cases where substantial discrimination remains.

'zanzon suru' means 'to remain' or 'to persist'.

差別を再生産する社会構造を根本から変革することが求められている。

A fundamental transformation of the social structures that reproduce discrimination is required.

'saiseisan suru' means 'to reproduce'.

تلازمات شائعة

人種差別

性差別

差別的な発言

不当に差別する

差別を撤廃する

学歴差別

差別意識

逆差別

差別用語

差別される側

العبارات الشائعة

差別しないでください

— A direct plea to stop unfair treatment. Used in both serious and lighthearted contexts.

私だけ差別しないでください。

差別を助長する

— To encourage or promote discrimination, often through media or speech.

その記事は差別を助長する恐れがある。

差別のない社会

— A society without discrimination; a common goal in political speeches.

差別のない社会を目指しましょう。

差別を受ける

— To receive or experience discrimination (passive experience).

彼女は外国で差別を受けた。

差別を禁じる

— To prohibit discrimination by law or rule.

憲法はあらゆる差別を禁じている。

差別が蔓延する

— Discrimination is widespread or rampant in a certain environment.

その地域には差別が蔓延していた。

差別を容認する

— To tolerate or condone discrimination.

差別を容認する社会は不健全だ。

差別と戦う

— To fight against discrimination.

彼は生涯、差別と戦い続けた。

差別を根絶する

— To eradicate or completely root out discrimination.

差別の根絶には時間がかかる。

差別に苦しむ

— To suffer from discrimination.

多くの人が今も差別に苦しんでいる。

يُخلط عادةً مع

差別する vs 区別する

Kubetsu is neutral distinction (like sorting trash); Sabetsu is unfair discrimination.

差別する vs 識別する

Shikibetsu is technical identification or recognition (like fingerprint recognition).

差別する vs 選別する

Senbetsu is sorting or screening (like selecting high-quality fruits).

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"色眼鏡で見る"

— To look through colored glasses; to view someone with prejudice or bias.

彼を色眼鏡で見ないでほしい。

Common

"十把一絡げにする"

— To lump everyone together; to treat a diverse group as if they are all the same (often leading to discrimination).

若者を十把一絡げにして批判するのは差別だ。

Common

"門前払いをする"

— To turn someone away at the gate; to reject someone immediately without a hearing (often used in discriminatory hiring).

国籍だけで門前払いをする。

Common

"レッテルを貼る"

— To label someone; to pigeonhole someone based on a single characteristic.

彼に「無能」というレッテルを貼って差別する。

Common

"白い目で見る"

— To look with white eyes; to look at someone with coldness, disdain, or prejudice.

近所の人から白い目で見られた。

Common

"蚊帳の外に置く"

— To leave someone outside the mosquito net; to exclude someone from a group or discussion.

彼だけを蚊帳の外に置いて差別する。

Common

"鼻であしらう"

— To treat someone with contempt or snort at them; to dismiss someone as inferior.

店員が客を鼻であしらって差別した。

Common

"爪弾きにする"

— To ostracize; to pluck someone out of a group like a string.

彼はクラスで爪弾きにされた。

Common

"格差をつける"

— To create a gap; to intentionally treat people differently to create a hierarchy.

給料で大きな格差をつける。

Common

"一線を画す"

— To draw a line; while often neutral, it can mean to separate oneself from 'those people' in a discriminatory way.

彼らとは一線を画して差別する。

Formal

سهل الخلط

差別する vs 差別化 (Sabetsuka)

It shares the same root 'sabetsu' but has a different meaning.

Sabetsuka is a positive business term for 'differentiation' (making a product unique). Sabetsu is negative social discrimination.

商品の差別化を図る (Aim for product differentiation).

差別する vs 偏見 (Henken)

Both relate to prejudice.

Henken is the internal thought (bias). Sabetsu is the external action (discrimination).

偏見を捨てて、差別をやめる (Throw away prejudice and stop discrimination).

差別する vs ひいき (Hiiki)

Both involve unequal treatment.

Hiiki is favoritism (treating someone better). Sabetsu is discrimination (treating someone worse).

先生のお気に入りだけをひいきする (To favor only the teacher's pet).

差別する vs 格差 (Kakusa)

Both involve social gaps.

Kakusa is the gap or disparity itself (e.g., wealth gap). Sabetsu is the act that often causes or maintains that gap.

経済的な格差が広がっている (The economic gap is widening).

差別する vs 隔離 (Kakuri)

Both involve separation.

Kakuri is physical isolation or segregation. Sabetsu is the unfair treatment behind it.

病人を隔離する (To isolate a sick person).

أنماط الجُمل

差別はだめです。

[Person] を差別しないでください。

外国人を差別しないでください。

[Reason] で人を差別する。

性別で人を差別する。

[Target] を差別するようなシステム。

弱者を差別するようなシステム。

差別を撤廃するために [Action]。

差別を撤廃するためにデモを行う。

差別を正当化するイデオロギー。

差別を正当化するイデオロギーは危険だ。

[Person] は [Reason] で差別された。

彼は国籍で差別された。

差別的な [Noun] を慎む。

差別的な発言を慎む。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

差別 (discrimination)

人種差別 (racial discrimination)

性差別 (gender discrimination)

逆差別 (reverse discrimination)

差別化 (differentiation)

الأفعال

差別する (to discriminate)

差別化する (to differentiate)

差別される (to be discriminated against)

الصفات

差別的 (discriminatory)

無差別 (indiscriminate)

مرتبط

偏見 (prejudice)

区別 (distinction)

格差 (disparity)

人権 (human rights)

平等 (equality)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in media, education, and legal settings; rare in lighthearted daily conversation.

أخطاء شائعة

Using 差別する for sorting objects. → 区別する (kubetsu suru)
差別する is for people and social injustice; 区別する is for neutral differences between things.
Using the particle に for the reason. → で (de) or を理由に (wo riyuu ni)
The basis of discrimination is an instrument or reason, so 'de' is the correct particle.
Confusing 差別 (discrimination) with 差別化 (differentiation). → 差別化 (sabetsuka)
In business, you want to 'sabetsuka' (differentiate) your product, not 'sabetsu' (discriminate against) it.
Using 差別する for positive favoritism. → ひいきする (hiiki suru)
差別する is almost always negative (treating someone worse). Favoring someone is 'hiiki suru.'
Pronouncing 'tsu' as 'su'. → 差別 (sa-be-TSU)
Incorrect pronunciation can lead to confusion with other words. Ensure the 'ts' sound is clear.

نصائح

Avoid Light Usage

Don't use 'sabetsu suru' for small things like picking a favorite flavor of ice cream. It is a serious word for social injustice.

Passive Form is Key

Learn 'sabetsu sareru' (to be discriminated against) as it is very common in news and personal stories.

Master 'Kubetsu'

Always pair your learning of 'sabetsu' with 'kubetsu' (distinction) so you don't accidentally accuse someone of being biased when they are just sorting things.

Historical Context

Understanding the history of 'Burakumin' and 'Ainu' will give you a much deeper insight into why this word is so heavy in Japan.

Learn 'Sabetsuka'

In a job interview, talk about 'sabetsuka' (differentiation) of your skills, NOT 'sabetsu.' Adding that one 'ka' makes a huge difference!

Watch the News

Listen for 'sabetsu' in NHK news reports to see how it's used in real legal and social contexts.

Kanji Precision

Pay attention to the 'sa' (差) kanji; it's used in other words like 'kosatenshu' (intersection) and 'sa' (difference in math).

Empathy

When using this word, ensure you are expressing empathy for the victim, as it is a word that carries significant emotional weight.

Constitutional Link

Remember that 'sabetsu' is a key term in the Japanese Constitution (Article 14), which helps you remember its importance.

Separate/Better

Think of 'Betsu' as 'Separate' and 'Sa' as 'Saying' someone is better/worse. Discrimination is saying someone is separate and unequal.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'SA-BETSU' as 'Saying someone is Better/worse because they are Separate.' The 'SA' is like 'Say' and 'BETSU' is like 'Separate/Better.' Discrimination is saying 'You are separate and therefore not as good.'

ربط بصري

Imagine a wall (別) being built between two people because of a small difference (差) in their height or color. The wall represents the 'sabetsu' (separation/discrimination) being created.

Word Web

Prejudice Unfair Gender Race Law Exclude Hierarchy Bias

تحدٍّ

Try to write three sentences using 'sabetsu suru' about different topics: one about a movie, one about a workplace, and one about a school rule. Ensure you use the particle 'de' correctly for the reason.

أصل الكلمة

The word 差別 (sabetsu) consists of two kanji: 差 (sa), meaning 'difference' or 'discrepancy,' and 別 (betsu), meaning 'separate' or 'distinguish.' It entered Japanese from classical Chinese literature and Buddhist texts.

المعنى الأصلي: In Buddhist philosophy, 'sabetsu' referred to the 'phenomenal world'—the world of diverse, distinct things—as opposed to '平等' (byoudou), the fundamental equality or oneness of all things. It was a descriptive term for variety.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

السياق الثقافي

This is a high-sensitivity word. Use it carefully in conversation. Accusing someone of 'sabetsu' is a very strong statement that can end a friendly atmosphere immediately.

In English, 'discriminate' can also mean 'to have refined taste' (e.g., a discriminating palate). In Japanese, 'sabetsu suru' almost never has this positive meaning; use 'shikibetsu' or 'mikiki' for refined taste.

The movie 'Go' (2001) deals with discrimination against Zainichi Koreans. The novel 'The Broken Commandment' (Hakai) by Toson Shimazaki is a classic about Buraku discrimination. Japanese Constitution Article 14: All people are equal under the law and there shall be no discrimination (sabetsu).

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Workplace / Hiring

性別で差別する
不当な差別待遇
雇用差別を禁じる
昇進における差別

News / Politics

人種差別問題
差別の撤廃を訴える
差別的な法案
国際的な人権基準

Education

差別について学ぶ
差別のない学校
いじめと差別
人権教育の推進

Internet / Social Media

差別的な書き込み
ヘイトスピーチと差別
ネット上の誹謗中傷
差別を助長する投稿

History

過去の差別
差別の歴史を振り返る
伝統的な差別意識
差別の克服

بدايات محادثة

"日本での人種差別についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about racial discrimination in Japan?)"

"あなたの国ではどのような差別が問題になっていますか？ (What kind of discrimination is a problem in your country?)"

"職場での性差別をなくすにはどうすればいいでしょうか？ (What should we do to eliminate gender discrimination in the workplace?)"

"無意識の差別を防ぐ方法はありますか？ (Is there a way to prevent unconscious discrimination?)"

"差別的な発言を聞いたとき、あなたならどう反応しますか？ (How would you react if you heard a discriminatory remark?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

自分が差別されたと感じた経験、あるいは差別を見てしまった経験について書いてください。 (Write about an experience where you felt discriminated against or witnessed discrimination.)

「差別」と「区別」の違いについて、自分の考えを詳しく述べてください。 (Explain your thoughts in detail on the difference between 'discrimination' and 'distinction'.)

差別のない社会を作るために、個人ができることは何だと思いますか？ (What do you think individuals can do to create a society without discrimination?)

メディアが差別に与える影響について考察してください。 (Reflect on the impact that media has on discrimination.)

将来、差別はなくなると思いますか？その理由も書いてください。 (Do you think discrimination will disappear in the future? Write your reasons why.)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

In modern Japanese, yes. While it historically meant 'distinction,' it now almost exclusively refers to unfair treatment and prejudice. If you mean neutral sorting, use 'kubetsu suru.'

Use '人種差別' (jinshu sabetsu). To make it a verb, say '人種差別をする' or '人種で差別する.'

'Henken' (偏見) is the internal bias or prejudice you have in your mind. 'Sabetsu' (差別) is the action you take based on that bias. You can have a prejudice without acting on it, but 'sabetsu suru' is the act of discriminating.

No, that would sound very strange. For 'differentiation' in business, use '差別化する' (sabetsuka suru). For 'choosing' something better, use '選ぶ' (erabu) or '選別する' (senbetsu suru).

Use the passive form: '差別されました' (sabetsu saremashita).

Yes, especially in fantasy or sci-fi anime where different races (like elves or robots) are treated unfairly by humans. It's a common theme for protagonists to fight against 'sabetsu.'

Usually 'で' (de). For example: '見た目(みため)で差別する' (discriminate based on appearance).

While related, bullying is usually called 'いじめ' (ijime). 'Sabetsu' is used when the unfair treatment is specifically based on a group attribute like race or gender.

You can, but it sounds very dramatic. 'えこひいき' (ekohiiki) is the more common and natural word for family favoritism.

Yes, it is '逆差別' (gyaku-sabetsu).

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات