しかしながら
When you're speaking Japanese and want to show a contrast or a change of thought, しかしながら (shikashinagara) is a really useful word to know.
Think of it like saying "however," "nevertheless," or "although" in English. It helps connect two sentences or ideas where the second one presents a different perspective or a mild contradiction to the first.
For example, you might say, "The food was delicious; しかしながら, the service was slow." It's a slightly more formal way to express this contrast than just using しかし (shikashi).
Using しかしながら makes your Japanese sound more polished and sophisticated, especially in writing or more formal conversations.
When you want to show a strong contrast or introduce a counter-argument, しかしながら (shikashinagara) is a good choice. It's more formal than しかし (shikashi) or でも (demo), making it suitable for written Japanese or more polite speech. You'll often see it used when presenting a different perspective after stating a fact or opinion. For instance, you might use it to acknowledge a point but then offer a differing view. It helps to smoothly transition between contrasting ideas, making your writing or speech more nuanced.
§ What does しかしながら mean?
You're looking at the Japanese conjunction しかしながら (shikashinagara). This word is your go-to when you want to express a contrast or a reservation. Think of it as 'however,' 'nevertheless,' or 'although' in English. It's a formal way to introduce a statement that goes against or modifies what was just said.
- DEFINITION
- However; nevertheless; although.
The key thing to remember about しかしながら is its formality. You'll often hear it in speeches, written reports, academic papers, or formal conversations. It signals to the listener or reader that you're about to present a contrasting idea, but in a polite and somewhat understated way compared to a more direct 'but' (e.g., しかし or でも).
It's like saying, "I understand your point, however, there's another perspective." This nuance makes it a powerful tool for structuring arguments, presenting different sides of an issue, or even subtly disagreeing without being confrontational.
§ When to use しかしながら
You use しかしながら when you want to:
- Introduce a contrasting idea after making a statement.
- Add a reservation or a condition to something previously said.
- Show a formal transition between two opposing thoughts.
- Write formally, like in essays or business communications.
Let's break down some examples to see how it works in practice.
彼の計画は素晴らしい。しかしながら、費用がかかりすぎるだろう。(His plan is great. However, it will probably cost too much.)
In this example, the first part states that the plan is great. しかしながら then introduces a negative aspect – the high cost – contrasting with the initial positive assessment.
雨が降っていた。私達はしかしながら、散歩に出かけた。(It was raining. Nevertheless, we went for a walk.)
Here, the expectation is that rain would prevent a walk. しかしながら highlights that despite the rain, they still went for a walk, showing a contrast to the expected outcome.
Consider this: You're explaining a complex topic, and you want to present different viewpoints. しかしながら is perfect for introducing a counter-argument or a limitation to a general statement without sounding abrupt. It adds a layer of sophistication to your communication.
その問題は解決されたと思われた。しかしながら、新たな課題が浮上した。(The problem seemed to be solved. However, new issues have emerged.)
This example clearly shows a shift from a presumed solution to the emergence of new problems, with しかしながら acting as the bridge for this contrasting information.
§ Common mistakes to avoid
Overuse in informal settings: Because of its formal nature, using しかしながら in casual conversations might sound unnatural or overly stiff. Stick to simpler conjunctions like でも (demo) or けど (kedo) for everyday talk.
Confusing it with しかし (shikashi): While both mean 'however,' しかしながら is generally more formal and often implies a slightly stronger or more deliberate contrast. しかし can be used in both formal and semi-formal contexts.
Mastering しかしながら will significantly enhance your ability to express complex ideas and nuanced arguments in Japanese. It's a valuable word to add to your vocabulary, especially if you plan on engaging in more formal communication or consuming Japanese media like news articles and academic texts.
§ What しかしながら (shikashinagara) means
You're learning Japanese, and you've probably come across words like 「しかし」 (shikashi) or 「でも」 (demo) for "but" or "however." 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) is another important conjunction that adds a similar meaning, but with a bit more formality. It means "however," "nevertheless," or "although." Think of it as a slightly more formal and often more emphatic way to introduce a contrasting idea or a reservation.
- Japanese Word
- しかしながら
- Part of Speech
- Conjunction
- CEFR Level
- B1
§ When to use しかしながら (shikashinagara)
You'll hear 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) in situations where a speaker wants to introduce a point that goes against what was just said, or to add a condition or exception. It's common in formal settings, like business meetings, academic presentations, news reports, and even in polite, written communication. While 「しかし」 (shikashi) is also formal, 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) carries an even stronger sense of formality and often emphasizes the contrast more.
§ Where you actually hear this word — work, school, news
Let's look at some real-world examples of where you'd encounter 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara).
In Business and Work:
In business settings, clarity and politeness are key. 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) helps to smoothly transition between points, especially when delivering news that might be less than ideal.
我々の計画は順調に進んでおります。しかしながら、いくつかの課題も残っています。
Translation hint: "Our plan is progressing well. However, some challenges still remain."
このプロジェクトは成功するでしょう。しかしながら、予算の見直しが必要です。
Translation hint: "This project will likely succeed. Nevertheless, a budget review is necessary."
In Academic and School Settings:
When presenting research or discussing complex ideas, 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) is useful for acknowledging counterarguments or limitations.
この理論は広く受け入れられています。しかしながら、異論もあります。
Translation hint: "This theory is widely accepted. However, there are also opposing views."
研究の結果は有望です。しかしながら、さらなる調査が必要です。
Translation hint: "The research results are promising. Nevertheless, further investigation is required."
In News and Public Announcements:
News reports often use 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) to provide a balanced perspective or to present a development that contrasts with initial information.
経済は回復傾向にあります。しかしながら、一部の業界では厳しい状況が続いています。
Translation hint: "The economy is recovering. However, some industries continue to face difficult conditions."
イベントの準備は着々と進んでいます。しかしながら、天候によっては変更の可能性があります。
Translation hint: "Preparations for the event are steadily progressing. Nevertheless, there's a possibility of changes depending on the weather."
Key takeaways:
- It's used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
- It's more formal than 「しかし」 (shikashi) or 「でも」 (demo).
- You'll often find it in written Japanese, speeches, and formal discussions.
By incorporating 「しかしながら」 (shikashinagara) into your vocabulary, you'll be able to express more nuanced and formal contrasting ideas, sounding more natural in professional and academic Japanese settings. Keep practicing with these examples, and you'll master it in no time!
أمثلة حسب المستوى
しかしながら、彼の提案はいくつかの点で改善の余地がある。
However, his proposal has room for improvement in several aspects.
彼女は一生懸命勉強したが、しかしながら、試験の結果は思わしくなかった。
She studied very hard, nevertheless, the exam results were not satisfactory.
この計画には多くの利点がある。しかしながら、費用がかかりすぎるという問題もある。
This plan has many advantages. However, there's also the problem that it's too expensive.
その製品は高い評価を受けている。しかしながら、一部のユーザーからは使いにくいという声も聞かれる。
That product receives high praise. Nevertheless, some users say it's difficult to use.
彼の意見には一理ある。しかしながら、現実的には実行が難しいだろう。
There's some truth to his opinion. However, it would probably be difficult to implement in reality.
天候は悪かったが、しかしながら、イベントは無事に開催された。
The weather was bad, nevertheless, the event was held without incident.
この研究は重要な発見をもたらした。しかしながら、まだ多くの課題が残されている。
This research brought about important discoveries. However, many challenges still remain.
彼はいつも冷静沈着だ。しかしながら、内心ではかなりのプレッシャーを感じているようだ。
He is always calm and composed. Nevertheless, it seems he feels a lot of pressure internally.
しかしながら、彼の提案はいくつかの点で現実的ではありませんでした。
However, his proposal was unrealistic in several respects.
その計画は完璧に見えた。しかしながら、実行には多大な困難が伴いました。
The plan seemed perfect. Nevertheless, its execution involved considerable difficulties.
彼女は疲れ切っていた。しかしながら、最後まで仕事をやり遂げた。
She was utterly exhausted. Nevertheless, she completed the work to the end.
天気予報は晴れだった。しかしながら、午後には突然の雨に見舞われた。
The weather forecast was sunny. However, we were caught in a sudden rain in the afternoon.
多くの利点がある。しかしながら、潜在的なリスクも考慮すべきです。
There are many advantages. However, potential risks should also be considered.
彼は若いながらも才能があった。しかしながら、経験不足が否めなかった。
Although he was young, he was talented. However, his lack of experience was undeniable.
その理論は魅力的だった。しかしながら、具体的な証拠は不足していた。
The theory was appealing. However, concrete evidence was lacking.
経済状況は厳しい。しかしながら、我々は希望を捨ててはならない。
The economic situation is tough. Nevertheless, we must not give up hope.
يُخلط عادةً مع
More general 'however', less formal than しかしながら.
Polite and softer 'but' or 'however', often used in spoken Japanese.
Direct and blunt 'but' or 'however', more common in informal writing.
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
"一石二鳥 (isseki nichō)"
Killing two birds with one stone.
買い物ついでに図書館にも寄って、一石二鳥だね。
neutral"猫の手も借りたい (neko no te mo karitai)"
So busy you'd even want to borrow a cat's paws.
締め切りが近いので、猫の手も借りたいくらい忙しい。
neutral"十人十色 (jūnin toiro)"
Ten people, ten colors; to each their own.
趣味は十人十色だから、好きなことをすればいいよ。
neutral"猿も木から落ちる (saru mo ki kara ochiru)"
Even monkeys fall from trees; even experts make mistakes.
彼もベテランだけど、猿も木から落ちるって言うからね。
neutral"石の上にも三年 (ishi no ue nimo sannen)"
Three years on a stone; perseverance prevails.
この仕事も石の上にも三年で、やっと慣れてきた。
neutral"塵も積もれば山となる (chiri mo tsumoreba yama to naru)"
Even dust, if accumulated, becomes a mountain; small efforts add up.
毎日少しずつ勉強すれば、塵も積もれば山となる。
neutral"水に流す (mizu ni nagasu)"
To let bygones be bygones; to forgive and forget.
過去のことは水に流して、また仲良くしよう。
neutral"口が軽い (kuchi ga karui)"
Having a loose tongue; being talkative and prone to revealing secrets.
彼女は口が軽いから、秘密は話さない方がいいよ。
neutral"顔が広い (kao ga hiroi)"
Having a wide face; being well-connected.
彼は顔が広いから、色々な人を紹介してもらえるよ。
neutral"腕を磨く (ude o migaku)"
To polish one's arm; to hone one's skills.
もっと腕を磨いて、プロになりたい。
neutralسهل الخلط
Often confused with other conjunctions that mean 'however' or 'but', such as しかし (shikashi) and ですが (desu ga). Learners might struggle to pick the right one for the nuance they want.
This is a more formal and slightly stronger 'however' or 'nevertheless'. It's good for connecting two contrasting ideas, especially when the second idea is a bit unexpected or provides a counterpoint to a preceding statement. Think of it as 'having said that' or 'be that as it may'.
彼 は 歌 が 上手 です。 しかしながら、 ダンス は 苦手 です。 (He is good at singing. However, he is not good at dancing.)
Similar to しかしながら, but learners often use it in situations where しかしながら or other softer conjunctions might be more appropriate.
This is a more general and common 'however' or 'but'. It's less formal than しかしながら and can be used in a wider range of contexts, from written to spoken Japanese. It simply connects two contrasting ideas.
雨 が 降って いました。 しかし、 試合 は 行われました。 (It was raining. But, the game was held.)
This is a very common way to express 'but' or 'however' in spoken Japanese, and learners might overuse it or not understand its nuance compared to しかし and しかしながら.
This is a softer and more polite way to say 'but' or 'however'. It often implies a reservation or a slight hesitation. It's formed by attaching が (ga) to the polite copula です (desu). It can also be used to introduce a new topic or a question politely.
この 本 は 面白い です。 ですが、 少し 長い です。 (This book is interesting. However, it's a bit long.)
Often encountered in written Japanese, especially in more assertive or dramatic contexts, which can be confusing for learners trying to use it appropriately.
This is a very direct and somewhat blunt 'but' or 'however'. It's more common in informal writing or in situations where a strong contrast is being made. It's rarely used in polite spoken conversation.
彼 は 強い。 だが、 敵 も 強い。 (He is strong. But, the enemy is also strong.)
Similar to ですが and しかし, but with its own subtle nuances that can be tricky to grasp.
This is a polite and slightly softer 'but' or 'although'. It's often used when you want to express a contrast or a concession without being too strong or direct. It can be used similarly to ですが but sometimes carries a bit more emphasis on the contrasting idea.
寒かった です。 けれども、 外 に 出ました。 (It was cold. But, I went outside.)
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Think of 'shikashi' (however) and 'nagara' (while doing something). So, 'while doing something, however, this happens.' It's a bit of a stretch, but it connects the parts.
ربط بصري
Imagine two distinct ideas on separate scales. しかしながら is the pivot point that balances and contrasts them, often with one side being heavier (the 'however' part).
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to rephrase a formal English sentence that uses 'however' or 'nevertheless' using しかしながら. For example, 'The company performed well last quarter. However, profits were down.' -> '会社は先期好調だった。しかしながら、利益は減少した。'
اختبر نفسك 66 أسئلة
私は学生です。___、宿題がたくさんあります。
「しかし」は「しかしながら」と同じように、前の文と逆の内容を続ける時に使います。ここでは「学生であること」と「宿題がたくさんあること」が逆の内容です。
この本は面白いです。___、少し高いです。
「でも」は「しかしながら」と同じように、前の文と反対の内容を繋ぐ時に使います。「面白い」という良い点と「高い」という悪い点を繋いでいます。
雨が降っています。___、傘がありません。
「しかし」は「しかしながら」と同様に、前の文と逆の内容を導きます。「雨が降っている」という状況と「傘がない」という困った状況を繋いでいます。
日本語は難しいです。___、とても面白いです。
「しかし」は「しかしながら」と同じ働きで、前の文と対照的な内容を示します。「難しい」という点と「面白い」という点を繋いでいます。
彼は親切です。___、少し静かです。
「でも」は「しかしながら」と同様に、前の文の内容に対して反対の情報を付け加える時に使います。「親切」という良い点と「静か」という特徴を繋いでいます。
この食べ物はおいしいです。___、辛いです。
「しかし」は「しかしながら」と同じように、前の文と異なる情報や対照的な情報を繋ぎます。「おいしい」という良い点と「辛い」という特徴を繋いでいます。
Write a short sentence in Japanese saying 'I like apples, but I don't like oranges.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
りんごが好きです。しかしながら、みかんは嫌いです。
You want to say 'It's sunny today, however, it's a little cold.' in Japanese. Write it down.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今日は晴れです。しかしながら、少し寒いです。
Write a Japanese sentence that means 'The book is interesting, however, it's a bit difficult.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この本は面白いです。しかしながら、少し難しいです。
What does the speaker like?
Read this passage:
私は犬が好きです。しかしながら、猫はあまり好きではありません。
What does the speaker like?
The passage says '私は犬が好きです' (I like dogs) and 'しかしながら、猫はあまり好きではありません' (However, I don't really like cats).
The passage says '私は犬が好きです' (I like dogs) and 'しかしながら、猫はあまり好きではありません' (However, I don't really like cats).
What is true about the food?
Read this passage:
この食べ物はおいしいです。しかしながら、少し高いです。
What is true about the food?
The passage states 'この食べ物はおいしいです' (This food is delicious) and 'しかしながら、少し高いです' (However, it's a little expensive).
The passage states 'この食べ物はおいしいです' (This food is delicious) and 'しかしながら、少し高いです' (However, it's a little expensive).
What is the person's situation?
Read this passage:
彼は日本語を勉強しています。しかしながら、まだ話すのが難しいです。
What is the person's situation?
The passage says '彼は日本語を勉強しています' (He is studying Japanese) and 'しかしながら、まだ話すのが難しいです' (However, it is still difficult to speak).
The passage says '彼は日本語を勉強しています' (He is studying Japanese) and 'しかしながら、まだ話すのが難しいです' (However, it is still difficult to speak).
日本語は面白いです。___、少し難しいです。
The sentence presents a contrast: Japanese is interesting, but it's a bit difficult. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) means 'however' or 'nevertheless,' which fits this contrast perfectly. 'そして' means 'and,' 'だから' means 'therefore,' and 'それで' means 'because of that,' none of which express the necessary contrast.
雨が降っていました。___、私たちは出かけました。
This sentence shows a contrast between the rain and going out. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) means 'however,' which indicates that despite the rain, they still went out. 'また' means 'again,' 'それから' means 'after that,' and 'あるいは' means 'or,' none of which convey the intended meaning of contrast.
この本は長いです。___、とても面白いです。
The sentence highlights a contrast: the book is long, but it is very interesting. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) is a formal way to say 'however' or 'nevertheless,' fitting the contrast. 'そして' means 'and,' 'でも' is a more casual 'but,' and 'だから' means 'therefore,' none of which precisely fit the formal tone and strong contrast implied.
彼はいつも忙しいです。___、友達と会う時間を見つけます。
The sentence describes a situation where despite being busy, he still finds time for friends. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) means 'however' or 'nevertheless,' which correctly expresses this contrasting action. 'そして' means 'and,' 'ですから' means 'therefore' (formal), and 'それでは' means 'in that case,' none of which provide the necessary contrast.
このレストランは少し高いです。___、料理は美味しいです。
Here, there's a contrast between the price of the restaurant and the quality of the food. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) means 'however' or 'nevertheless,' fitting the context. 'それから' means 'after that,' 'また' means 'also,' and 'だから' means 'therefore,' none of which convey the intended contrasting meaning.
彼は病気でした。___、学校に行きました。
This sentence shows a contrast: he was sick, but he still went to school. 'しかしながら' (shikashinagara) means 'however' or 'nevertheless,' which correctly expresses this. 'そして' means 'and,' 'それで' means 'because of that,' and 'だから' means 'therefore,' none of which fit the contrasting idea.
Listen for 'however, he didn't come'.
Listen for 'This book is difficult. However, it's interesting.'
Listen for 'It was raining. Nevertheless, we went out.'
Read this aloud:
しかしながら、私は賛成しません。
Focus: shi-ka-shi-na-ga-ra
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
彼は忙しいです。しかしながら、手伝ってくれました。
Focus: te-tsu-dat-te-ku-re-ma-shi-ta
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
このパソコンは古いです。しかしながら、まだ使えます。
Focus: tsu-ka-e-ma-su
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Choose the best word to fill in the blank: 彼は一生懸命勉強しました。___、試験に落ちてしまいました。
The sentence expresses a contrast: he studied hard, but he failed. 'しかしながら' (however) is the best fit.
Which sentence uses 'しかしながら' correctly?
This sentence presents a contrasting situation: it's raining, but the speaker doesn't have an umbrella. The other options show logical inconsistencies or additions rather than contrasts.
Select the sentence that accurately uses 'しかしながら'.
This sentence illustrates a contrast: he eats a lot, but he doesn't get fat. The other options don't present a strong contrast where 'however' would be the most natural fit.
'しかしながら' can always be replaced by 'そして' without changing the meaning.
'しかしながら' means 'however' or 'nevertheless', indicating a contrast. 'そして' means 'and then' or 'and', indicating a sequence or addition. They are not interchangeable.
The sentence '彼の意見は正しい。しかしながら、私は賛成しない。' correctly uses 'しかしながら'.
This sentence presents a contrast: his opinion is correct, but the speaker does not agree. This is a proper use of 'しかしながら'.
'しかしながら' is often used in formal writing.
'しかしながら' is a more formal way to say 'however' compared to 'しかし' or 'でも'. It is commonly seen in written contexts.
Listen for 'however' and understand the speaker's disagreement.
Listen for 'however' and understand what happened despite the rain.
Listen for 'however' and understand the unexpected outcome of her studying.
Read this aloud:
しかしながら、私はまだ諦めていません。
Focus: しかしながら
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
その計画は良いと思いますが、しかしながら、いくつか問題があります。
Focus: しかしながら
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
しかしながら、もっと努力すれば成功するでしょう。
Focus: しかしながら
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
「しかしながら」は逆接の接続詞で、前の文の内容を受けて、それに反する内容を導きます。
「しかしながら」は前の事柄と矛盾する結果や状況を述べる際に使われます。
「しかしながら」は、前の評価や見込みに反する事実を提示するときに用います。
The speaker is discussing a plan.
Someone tried hard but didn't reach a goal.
The movie was popular, but its box office wasn't good.
Read this aloud:
しかしながら、私たちは諦めません。
Focus: しかしながら
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
コストはかかります。しかしながら、それに見合う価値はあります。
Focus: それに見合う価値
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
天気は悪かった。しかしながら、旅行は楽しかったです。
Focus: 旅行は楽しかったです
قلت:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
この計画は素晴らしい。___、予算が厳しい。
文脈から、計画は素晴らしいが予算に問題があるという対比が示されているため、「しかしながら」が適切です。
彼は努力を続けた。___、目標達成には至らなかった。
努力をしたにも関わらず目標達成に至らなかったという逆接の関係を表すため、「しかしながら」が最適です。
この製品は高性能だ。___、価格が高すぎる。
製品の性能と価格の間に逆接の関係があるため、「しかしながら」が適切です。
彼女は才能がある。___、経験が不足している。
才能があるという肯定的な情報と経験不足という否定的な情報の間に逆接の関係があるため、「しかしながら」が適切です。
天気は良かった。___、風が強かった。
天気が良かったにもかかわらず、風が強かったという逆接の関係を表すため、「しかしながら」が適切です。
彼は真面目な学生だ。___、時々遅刻する。
真面目な学生であることと、時々遅刻することの間に逆接の関係があるため、「しかしながら」が適切です。
Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) describing a challenging situation you overcame, using 「しかしながら」 to introduce a contrasting point or a solution.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私は新しいプロジェクトを任され、当初は多くの困難に直面しました。特に予算の制約が厳しく、チームのモチベーションを維持するのが大変でした。しかしながら、私たちは新しいアプローチを試み、最終的には成功を収めることができました。
Imagine you are writing a formal email to a client. Describe a minor setback in a project and then use 「しかしながら」 to transition to how you plan to mitigate it or move forward positively.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日お話しいたしましたプロジェクトの進捗状況につきまして、一部予期せぬ遅延が発生しております。特定の部品の調達に時間がかかっており、お客様にご迷惑をおかけする可能性がございます。しかしながら、代替案を検討し、最善の解決策を早急にご提案させていただきます。
Write a diary entry about a personal experience where you initially felt one way about something, but then your perspective changed. Use 「しかしながら」 to mark this shift in perspective.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今日は友人と旅行の計画を立てた。最初はあまり乗り気ではなかった。なぜなら、最近仕事が忙しく、休暇を取るのが難しいと感じていたからだ。しかしながら、友人の熱意に触れ、また新しい場所を訪れることへの期待感が募り、今ではとても楽しみになっている。
この文章において、「しかしながら」はどのような役割を果たしていますか?
Read this passage:
経済状況は厳しいと報じられています。消費者の購買意欲は低迷し、多くの企業が苦境に立たされています。しかしながら、一部のIT関連企業は新規サービスを導入し、業績を伸ばしています。彼らは市場の変化に柔軟に対応し、新たな需要を創出しているのです。
この文章において、「しかしながら」はどのような役割を果たしていますか?
「しかしながら」は、経済状況の厳しさという先行する状況に対し、一部のIT関連企業が業績を伸ばしているという対照的な事実を提示しています。
「しかしながら」は、経済状況の厳しさという先行する状況に対し、一部のIT関連企業が業績を伸ばしているという対照的な事実を提示しています。
筆者はスピーチのどのような点について、「しかしながら」を使って対照的な意見を述べていますか?
Read this passage:
彼のスピーチは非常に論理的で、多くの聴衆を納得させました。事実に基づいたデータが豊富に提示され、その分析も的確でした。しかしながら、彼の感情を一切表に出さない話し方は、一部の聴衆には冷たい印象を与えたかもしれません。人間味のある表現があれば、さらに多くの共感を得られたことでしょう。
筆者はスピーチのどのような点について、「しかしながら」を使って対照的な意見を述べていますか?
スピーチが論理的で説得力があった一方で、感情のない話し方が冷たい印象を与えたという対照的な点を「しかしながら」で繋いでいます。
スピーチが論理的で説得力があった一方で、感情のない話し方が冷たい印象を与えたという対照的な点を「しかしながら」で繋いでいます。
この文章から読み取れる「しかしながら」の後の主張の根拠は何ですか?
Read this passage:
その新しいシステムは、導入コストが高く、初期の運用には複雑な課題も存在しました。多くの企業が導入をためらう要因となっています。しかしながら、長期的に見れば業務効率の大幅な向上とコスト削減が期待できるため、投資する価値は十分にあると言えるでしょう。
この文章から読み取れる「しかしながら」の後の主張の根拠は何ですか?
「しかしながら」の後に続く「長期的に見れば業務効率の大幅な向上とコスト削減が期待できる」が、投資する価値があるという主張の根拠となっています。
「しかしながら」の後に続く「長期的に見れば業務効率の大幅な向上とコスト削減が期待できる」が、投資する価値があるという主張の根拠となっています。
Choose the most appropriate conjunction to complete the sentence: 彼は一生懸命勉強した。___、試験に落ちてしまった。
The sentence expresses a contrast: he studied hard, but failed. 'しかしながら' (however, nevertheless) is the most suitable conjunction here.
Which of the following sentences uses 'しかしながら' correctly?
'しかしながら' introduces a contrasting idea. In this case, being rich often implies happiness, but the sentence states the opposite. The other options use 'しかしながら' incorrectly as the second part of the sentence logically follows or is a direct consequence, not a contrasting idea.
Select the sentence that accurately translates to: 'The project was difficult; however, we completed it on time.'
'しかしながら' (however) is the correct conjunction to show the contrast between the project's difficulty and its timely completion.
In the sentence '彼女は日本語が話せる。しかしながら、英語は話せない。', 'しかしながら' indicates a concession.
'しかしながら' introduces a contrasting idea, often a concession or a surprising fact that goes against expectations. Here, it concedes that while she can speak Japanese, she cannot speak English.
'しかしながら' can always be replaced by 'そして' without changing the meaning of the sentence.
'しかしながら' (however, nevertheless) introduces a contrast or a concession. 'そして' (and, then) connects ideas that are sequential or additive. They are not interchangeable in meaning.
The sentence '彼は病気だった。しかしながら、仕事に行った。' uses 'しかしながら' to express a consequence.
'しかしながら' is used here to express a contrast or a concession. Being sick would typically lead one to stay home, so going to work is a contrasting action, not a consequence.
/ 66 correct
Perfect score!
محتوى ذو صلة
قواعد ذات صلة
مزيد من كلمات general
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2A little; a moment; a bit. Small amount or short time.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2A little while ago; a short time past.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
~について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
~ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.