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A2 verb محايد 3 دقيقة للقراءة

運動する

undou suru /undoːsuɾu/
تدرّب عليها ملاحظات ونصائح

Overview

The Japanese verb '運動する' (undou suru) is a regular verb that means 'to exercise' or 'to move one's body.' It is a common verb used in everyday conversation, especially when talking about physical activity, sports, or maintaining health.

Structure and Conjugation:

'運動する' is a compound verb consisting of the noun '運動' (undou), meaning 'exercise' or 'movement,' and the irregular verb 'する' (suru), meaning 'to do.' As 'する' is an irregular verb, its conjugation patterns are unique. Here are some key conjugations:

  • Plain Form (Present/Future Affirmative): 運動する (undou suru) - To exercise, will exercise
  • Example: 毎日運動する (mainichi undou suru) - I exercise every day.
  • Plain Form (Present/Future Negative): 運動しない (undou shinai) - Not to exercise, will not exercise
  • Example: 今日は運動しない (kyou wa undou shinai) - I won't exercise today.
  • Masu Form (Polite Present/Future Affirmative): 運動します (undou shimasu) - To exercise, will exercise (polite)
  • Example: 週末に運動します (shuumatsu ni undou shimasu) - I will exercise on the weekend (polite).
  • Masu Form (Polite Present/Future Negative): 運動しません (undou shimasen) - Not to exercise, will not exercise (polite)
  • Example: あまり運動しません (amari undou shimasen) - I don't exercise much (polite).
  • Te Form: 運動して (undou shite) - Exercising (used for connecting clauses, requests, etc.)
  • Example: 運動して健康になります (undou shite kenkou ni narimasu) - By exercising, I become healthy.
  • Ta Form (Past Affirmative): 運動した (undou shita) - Exercised
  • Example: 昨日運動した (kinou undou shita) - I exercised yesterday.
  • Nai Form (Negative): 運動しない (undou shinai) - Not exercise
  • Example: 運動しないと太ります (undou shinai to futorimasu) - If you don't exercise, you'll get fat.

Nuances and Usage:

  1. 1General Exercise: This is the most common usage. It refers to any physical activity aimed at improving or maintaining health and fitness.
  • Example: 健康のために運動していますか？ (Kenkou no tame ni undou shite imasu ka?) - Do you exercise for your health?
  1. 1Sports and Physical Activity: It can encompass participating in sports or other forms of physical activity.
  • Example: 彼はよく公園で運動しています (Kare wa yoku kouen de undou shite imasu) - He often exercises in the park (implying sports or active movement).
  1. 1Figurative Movement (Less Common in Modern Usage): While '運動' as a noun can also refer to a 'movement' or 'campaign' (e.g., 社会運動 - social movement), when combined with 'する' to form '運動する,' it almost exclusively refers to physical exercise. If you wanted to say 'to campaign,' you would typically use a different verb or phrase, such as '運動を行う' (undou wo okonau - to carry out a movement).
  1. 1Emphasis on Regularity: Often used with adverbs of frequency to emphasize a routine.
  • Example: 毎日運動するのが大切です (Mainichi undou suru no ga taisetsu desu) - It's important to exercise every day.

Related Vocabulary:

  • 運動神経 (undou shinkei): Athletic ability/reflexes
  • 運動会 (undoukai): Sports day
  • 運動不足 (undou busoku): Lack of exercise
  • 運動選手 (undou senshu): Athlete
  • 準備運動 (junbi undou): Warm-up exercises
  • 体を動かす (karada o ugokasu): To move one's body (a more general term, can be used similarly to 運動する)

In summary, '運動する' is a versatile and fundamental verb for discussing physical activity in Japanese, essential for anyone learning to express concepts related to health, fitness, and sports.

أمثلة

1

毎日運動する

Physical activity

To exercise every day

2

体を動かすと気分がすっきりする

Mental well-being through exercise

Moving your body makes you feel refreshed

3

彼は政治運動に積極的に参加している

Social/Political activism

He is actively involved in political movements

4

この機械は複雑な動きをする

Mechanism movement

This machine performs complex movements

5

準備運動をしっかりする

Sports/Preparation

To do warm-up exercises thoroughly

تلازمات شائعة

毎日運動する
運動する時間
運動する場所
運動する習慣

يُخلط عادةً مع

運動する مقابل 動く (ugoku)
'運動する' (undou suru) specifically refers to engaging in physical exercise or movement for health/recreation, or to an organized movement/campaign. '動く' (ugoku) is a more general verb meaning to move, operate, or stir, applying to objects, people, or abstract concepts without the specific connotation of exercise or organized activity. For example, a machine can 動く, a person's body can 動く, or a plan can 動く, but you wouldn't use 動く to mean 'to exercise'.
運動する مقابل 体を動かす (karada o ugokasu)
'運動する' (undou suru) means 'to exercise' or 'to perform a movement/campaign'. '体を動かす' (karada o ugokasu) literally means 'to move one's body'. While '体を動かす' can be a way to describe exercising, '運動する' is a more direct and common term for engaging in physical activity for health or fitness. '体を動かす' can also refer to any general bodily movement, not necessarily for exercise, like stretching or shifting position.

أنماط نحوية

Noun + が + 運動する (A noun performs exercise/movement) ～ために + 運動する (To exercise/move for the purpose of...) ～しながら + 運動する (To exercise/move while doing...)

كيفية الاستخدام

ملاحظات الاستخدام

'運動する' (undō suru) is a versatile verb meaning 'to exercise' or 'to move one's body.' It is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe engaging in physical activity, from light stretches to intense sports. When referring to specific types of exercise, it's often paired with a noun, such as 'ジョギングする' (jogging suru - to jog) or '水泳する' (suiei suru - to swim). The particle 'を' (o) can be used before '運動する' to specify the object of exercise, though this is less common with general physical activity and more so with transitive verbs. For instance, while you wouldn't typically say '体を運動する' (karada o undō suru) for 'to exercise one's body,' you might say '体を動かす' (karada o ugokasu) which has a similar meaning. '運動する' implies intentional and often regular physical exertion for health or fitness purposes. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to make an effort' or 'to campaign' for something, in which case the context clarifies the meaning. For example, '選挙運動をする' (senkyo undō o suru) means 'to campaign for an election.' The politeness level is neutral, making it suitable for most situations.

أخطاء شائعة

1. **Confusing with similar-sounding words:** Be careful not to confuse '運動する' (undou suru - to exercise) with '運転する' (unten suru - to drive). The 'ten' vs. 'dou' sound is the key differentiator. 2. **Incorrect particle usage:** While 'を' is often used for direct objects, '運動する' is often used with 'に' or without a particle when referring to the general act of exercising. For example, '毎日運動する' (Mainichi undou suru - I exercise every day) is common. If you specify the type of exercise, 'を' might be used, but generally, '運動する' itself functions as an intransitive verb meaning 'to do exercise.' However, you can say '運動を頑張る' (undou o ganbaru - to do one's best at exercise). 3. **Overusing 'する':** While 'する' is the verb component, sometimes context implies the action without explicitly stating 'する.' For example, in a gym, one might simply say '運動!' (Undou!) to encourage exercise, but for a complete sentence, '運動する' is correct. 4. **Confusing '運動' as a noun vs. verb:** '運動' (undou) by itself is a noun meaning 'exercise' or 'movement.' '運動する' is the verb 'to exercise.' Make sure to use the full verb form when describing the action. 5. **Assuming it only means physical exercise:** While '運動する' most commonly refers to physical exercise, '運動' can also mean a movement or campaign (e.g., '社会運動' - shakai undou - social movement). However, when paired with 'する,' it almost exclusively refers to physical activity. 6. **Using it for 'to move an object':** '運動する' is for moving one's body or engaging in physical activity. For moving an object, verbs like '動かす' (ugokasu - to move something) or '移動する' (idou suru - to move/transfer) are more appropriate. 7. **Incorrect formality:** '運動する' is a standard, neutral verb. For more polite contexts, you might use '運動なさる' (undou nasaru) as an honorific or '運動いたします' (undou itashimasu) as a humble form, but '運動する' is generally acceptable in most situations. 8. **Placement in sentences:** Japanese word order often places the verb at the end. Forgetting this can lead to awkward-sounding sentences. '私は毎日運動します' (Watashi wa mainichi undou shimasu - I exercise every day).

نصائح

💡

Verb Type

運動する (undō suru) is a regular verb, specifically a 'suru' verb. These verbs combine a noun with する (suru) to form a verb. This means it conjugates similarly to other 'suru' verbs like 勉強する (benkyō suru - to study) or 料理する (ryōri suru - to cook).
💡

Transitive/Intransitive

This verb is typically used intransitively, meaning it doesn't directly take an object. You simply 'exercise' or 'move your body.' For example, you wouldn't say 'I exercise a ball,' but rather 'I exercise.' If you want to specify *what* you are moving, you might use a different verb or a different construction.
💡

Common Usages

運動する is broadly used for any kind of physical activity. It can refer to going to the gym, playing sports, jogging, or even just stretching. It's a versatile term to describe the act of moving one's body for health or other purposes. For example: 毎日運動する (mainichi undō suru - to exercise every day), 運動不足 (undō busoku - lack of exercise).

السياق الثقافي

The concept of '運動する' (undō suru) in Japanese culture is deeply rooted in a holistic approach to well-being, encompassing physical, mental, and social health. Unlike some Western cultures that might emphasize competitive sports or intense physical training, Japanese culture often values exercise as a means to maintain balance and harmony in daily life. Activities like radio calisthenics (rajio taiso) are a common example, performed by people of all ages in schools, workplaces, and public parks, highlighting a communal and accessible approach to physical activity. Traditional martial arts like karate, judo, and kendo also embody '運動する,' not just as physical disciplines but as paths to self-improvement and spiritual development. There's a strong emphasis on consistent, moderate activity rather than sporadic, strenuous efforts, reflecting a long-term view of health and vitality. Furthermore, the aesthetic appreciation of movement, as seen in traditional dance or even the precise movements in tea ceremonies, subtly informs the cultural understanding of '運動する' as a graceful and purposeful act.

نصيحة للحفظ

To remember '運動する' (undou suru), meaning 'to exercise,' think of a 'movement undoing' stiffness. '運動' (undou) means movement or exercise, and 'する' (suru) means 'to do.' So, you 'do movement' to exercise. Imagine someone doing exercises to 'undo' their muscle knots or 'undo' a sedentary lifestyle. The kanji '運' means 'carry' or 'luck,' and '動' means 'move.' So, you 'carry movement' or 'move with luck' when exercising. This might help you remember the 'un' sound from 'carry' and 'dou' from 'move.'

الأسئلة الشائعة

4 أسئلة
The Japanese word for 'to exercise' or 'to move one's body' is '運動する' (undou suru).
'運動する' is pronounced 'undou suru'. 'Undou' is pronounced like 'oon-doh' with a long 'o' sound at the end, and 'suru' is pronounced like 'soo-roo'.
Certainly! A common way to use '運動する' is in a sentence like '毎日運動する', which means 'to exercise every day'. You could also say '体をもっと運動させたい', meaning 'I want to move my body more'.
While '運動する' primarily means to exercise or move one's body, it can also subtly imply engaging in activities that promote physical health. It encompasses a wide range of physical activities, from light stretching to intense workouts, and is a very common and versatile verb in daily Japanese conversation.

اختبر نفسك

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私は毎日___。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
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健康のために、___ことは大切です。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
fill blank

昨日は公園で___。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

النتيجة: /3

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