はる في 30 ثانية
- Verb: はる (haru)
- Meaning: To stick, to paste
- Usage: Attaching things with glue, tape, or pressure.
- Examples: Stickers, posters, stamps.
Understanding "はる" (haru)
The Japanese verb はる (haru) is a fundamental word that describes the action of attaching something to a surface, making it stick or paste. It's a versatile verb used in everyday situations, from applying stickers to posting notices. Think of it as the Japanese equivalent of 'to stick', 'to paste', 'to attach', or 'to post'.
- Core Meaning
- The primary sense of はる is to affix something onto another surface using an adhesive or by pressing it firmly. This can involve glue, tape, or even just the act of sticking something on.
- Common Applications
- You'll frequently encounter はる when talking about:- Sticking labels on items.- Pasting posters on walls.- Attaching stamps to letters.- Applying stickers to objects.- Posting announcements or notices.- Even metaphorically, 'sticking' to a plan or idea, though this is less common for beginners.
子供がおもちゃにシールをはる。
壁にポスターをはる。
- Grammatical Note
- はる is a Group 1 verb (u-verb). This means its conjugation follows specific patterns, particularly in its polite form (masu-form) and past tense. The dictionary form is はる, the masu-form is はります (harimasu), and the past tense is はりました (harimashita).
この手紙に切手をはるのを忘れないでください。
Putting "はる" Into Action: Sentence Structures
Mastering はる involves understanding how it fits into sentence structures. The basic pattern is Subject + Object + を (o) + はる. However, depending on the context, other particles and sentence constructions can be used.
- Basic Sentence Pattern
- The most common structure involves an object that is being stuck or pasted onto something. The particle を (o) marks this object.[Object] + を + はるExample:
この封筒に切手をはってください。
Please stick a stamp on this envelope. - Indicating the Surface
- To specify where something is being stuck, you can use the particle に (ni) to mark the surface.[Surface] + に + [Object] + を + はるExample:
冷蔵庫のドアにメモをはりました。
I stuck a memo on the refrigerator door. - Using Polite Forms
- In polite conversation, you will use the ます (masu) form: はります (harimasu).Example:
この箱にラベルをはります。
I will paste a label on this box. - Past Tense
- To talk about something that has already been stuck or pasted, use the past tense: はりました (harimashita).Example:
昨日、学校の掲示板にポスターをはりました。
Yesterday, I pasted a poster on the school bulletin board. - Negative Forms
- To say you will not stick or paste something, use the negative form: はりません (harimasen).Example:
この紙には何もはりません。
I will not stick anything on this paper. - Te-form for Requests/Instructions
- The te-form, はって (hatte), is crucial for making requests or giving instructions. Combined with ください (kudasai), it forms a polite command.[Object] + を + はって + くださいExample:
この箱に名前をはってください。
Please stick your name on this box. - Using Other Particles
- While を (o) and に (ni) are most common, you might see other particles in more complex sentences. For instance, the particle で (de) can indicate the means or tool used to paste something, though this is more advanced.Example (advanced):
テープで壁に写真をはる。
To stick a photo on the wall with tape.
Real-Life Encounters with "はる" (haru)
You'll hear はる frequently in various everyday scenarios. Listening to native speakers in context is one of the most effective ways to truly grasp the nuances of a word.
- At Home
- Parents might tell their children to シールをはる (shīru o haru - stick a sticker) on their belongings or a drawing. You might also hear someone say カレンダーをはる (karendā o haru - to hang/paste a calendar) on the wall.
- At School or Work
- Teachers or colleagues might ask you to ポスターをはる (posutā o haru - paste a poster) on a bulletin board, or 張り紙をする (harigami o suru - to post a notice), which uses a related noun form. Instructions might be given to 書類をファイルにはる (shorui o fairu ni haru - to paste documents into a file), though often this would use a different verb like 挟む (hasamu - to insert/clip) or 貼る (haru) is used when referring to sticking something *onto* a page.
- Shopping and Post Offices
- When mailing a letter, you'll hear 切手をはる (kitte o haru - to stick a stamp). Shopkeepers might use it when labeling products, saying 値札をはる (nejifu o haru - to stick a price tag).
- Public Spaces
- You'll see signs that say 「ここに貼ってください」 (koko ni hatte kudasai - Please stick here), often seen on vending machines or public announcement boards where you're supposed to affix something.
この壁にポスターをはらないでください。
Please do not stick posters on this wall. - Crafts and Hobbies
- In crafting contexts, はる is used for applying decorations, photos, or other elements. For example, アルバムに写真をはる (arubamu ni shashin o haru - to paste photos in an album).
子供はクレヨンで絵をはる。
The child sticks crayon drawings.
Avoiding Pitfalls: Common Mistakes with "はる"
While はる is a common verb, learners can sometimes make mistakes with its usage, especially regarding particles and distinguishing it from similar verbs.
- Confusing Particles (を vs. に)
- Mistake: Using the wrong particle. For example, saying 「壁にポスターをはる」 (kabe ni posutā o haru) is correct, but saying 「壁をポスターではる」 (kabe o posutā de haru) would be incorrect or imply a very unusual situation. The object being stuck (ポスター) takes を (o), and the surface (壁) takes に (ni).Correct: 「壁にポスターをはる」 (kabe ni posutā o haru - To paste a poster on the wall).Correct: 「箱にラベルをはる」 (hako ni raberu o haru - To stick a label on the box).
- Confusing with Similar Verbs
- Mistake: Using はる when another verb is more appropriate, or vice-versa. For instance, for hanging a picture frame, 掛ける (kakeru) is more common than はる.Correct: 「壁に絵を掛ける」 (kabe ni e o kakeru - To hang a picture on the wall).Correct: 「封筒に切手をはる」 (fūtō ni kitte o haru - To stick a stamp on an envelope).Mistake: Using はる for something that is inserted, not stuck. For example, inserting a page into a binder would use 挟む (hasamu) or 入れる (ireru).Correct: 「ファイルに書類を挟む」 (fairu ni shorui o hasamu - To clip documents into a file).
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Mistake: Incorrectly conjugating はる. As a Group 1 verb, its stem changes before certain suffixes. For example, the te-form is はって (hatte), not はりって (haritte).Correct te-form: 「～をはって、～」 (o hatte, ~ - After sticking ~).Mistake: Using the wrong stem for polite forms. The masu-form is はります (harimasu), not はるります (harurimasu).Correct masu-form: 「～をはります」 (o harimasu - I will stick ~).
- Overuse in Figurative Language
- Mistake: Trying to use はる for abstract concepts where it's not typically used by native speakers. While sometimes used figuratively (e.g., 計画にはる - to stick to a plan), this is less common and can sound unnatural if overused by learners. More standard phrases exist for these abstract meanings.More Natural: 「計画を実行する」 (keikaku o jikkō suru - to execute a plan).More Natural: 「約束を守る」 (yakusoku o mamoru - to keep a promise).
Distinguishing "はる" from Similar Vocabulary
Japanese has many verbs that describe attachment or placement. Understanding the subtle differences between はる and other related words is key to accurate expression.
- 貼る (haru) vs. 付ける (tsukeru)
- 貼る (haru): Specifically means to stick or paste something onto a surface using an adhesive or by pressing. It implies a more permanent or deliberate attachment.付ける (tsukeru): A broader verb meaning 'to attach', 'to put on', 'to wear', 'to add'. It can be used for a wider range of attachments, including things that are clipped, tied, or simply placed. It can also mean to turn on (a light, a TV).
- Comparison:
- 「壁にポスターをはる」 (kabe ni posutā o haru) - Pasting a poster (implies glue/tape). 「ボタンを付ける」 (botan o tsukeru) - To attach a button (sewing it on). 「電気を付ける」 (denki o tsukeru) - To turn on the light.
- 貼る (haru) vs. 掛ける (kakeru)
- 貼る (haru): To stick or paste.掛ける (kakeru): To hang (something on a hook or nail), to put on (a coat, glasses), to make (a phone call), to suspend.
- Comparison:
- 「壁に時計をはる」 (kabe ni tokei o haru) - This sounds slightly odd; usually, a clock is hung. 「壁に時計を掛ける」 (kabe ni tokei o kakeru) - To hang a clock on the wall (correct). 「コートをハンガーに掛ける」 (kōto o hangā ni kakeru) - To hang a coat on a hanger.
- 貼る (haru) vs. 貼付 (chōfu - noun) / 添付 (tenpu - noun/verb)
- 貼る (haru): The verb 'to stick/paste'.貼付 (chōfu): A noun meaning 'pasting' or 'affixing'. Often used in formal or technical contexts.添付 (tenpu): Means 'to attach' or 'to enclose', most commonly used for attaching files to emails or documents.
- Comparison:
- 「書類に印鑑を貼る」 (shorui ni inkan o haru) - To stamp a seal on the document (verb). 「メールにファイルを添付する」 (mēru ni fairu o tenpu suru) - To attach a file to an email. 「添付資料をご確認ください」 (tenpu shiryō o go kakunin kudasai) - Please check the attached documents (noun).
- 貼る (haru) vs. 塗る (nuru)
- 貼る (haru): To stick or paste something onto a surface.塗る (nuru): To paint, to spread, to apply (a cream, makeup, butter).
- Comparison:
- 「壁にポスターをはる」 (kabe ni posutā o haru) - To paste a poster on the wall. 「壁をペンキで塗る」 (kabe o penki de nuru) - To paint the wall with paint. 「パンにバターを塗る」 (pan ni batā o nuru) - To spread butter on bread.
How Formal Is It?
حقيقة ممتعة
The kanji 貼 (chō) is the same kanji used in the Chinese verb tiē (贴), which also means 'to stick' or 'to paste'. This indicates a shared etymological root or influence between the languages.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing the 'r' sound as a strong English 'r' instead of a flap.
- Adding unnecessary stress to syllables.
- Confusing the vowel sounds.
مستوى الصعوبة
For A2 learners, reading sentences with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is generally straightforward, especially when the context is clear (e.g., stickers, posters). More complex sentences involving formal language or abstract concepts would increase the difficulty.
Writing simple sentences with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is manageable for A2 learners. The challenge lies in correctly using particles (を, に) and conjugations (te-form, past tense).
Pronouncing and using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> in basic conversation is achievable. Learners need to practice the correct conjugation and particle usage in spoken contexts.
Understanding <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> in everyday speech is relatively easy due to its common usage and clear pronunciation. Context usually helps clarify the meaning.
ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك
المتطلبات الأساسية
تعلّم لاحقاً
متقدم
قواعد يجب معرفتها
Transitive Verb Usage (Direct Object)
The object being stuck is marked by the particle を (o). Example: 「シールをはる。」
Indicating Location/Surface
The surface to which something is stuck is marked by the particle に (ni). Example: 「壁にポスターをはる。」
Te-form for Requests
The te-form of はる is はって (hatte). Combined with ください (kudasai), it forms a polite request: 「～をはって ください。」
Verb Conjugation (Group 1)
はる is a Group 1 (u-verb). Its masu-form is はります (harimasu) and its past tense is はりました (harimashita).
Continuous State (～ている)
「子供がシールをはっている。」 (The child is sticking stickers.)
أمثلة حسب المستوى
シールをはる。
To stick a sticker.
Basic verb usage with a direct object marked by を (o).
ここに名前をはる。
Stick your name here.
Imperative or request form using the te-form 'hatte'.
手紙に切手をはる。
To stick a stamp on a letter.
Indicates the surface with に (ni).
ポスターをはる。
To paste a poster.
Direct object usage.
カレンダーをはる。
To hang/paste a calendar.
Common phrase with 'calendar'.
地図を貼ってください。
Please paste the map.
Polite request using the te-form + ください (kudasai).
この箱にラベルをはる。
To stick a label on this box.
Specifying the object and surface.
写真にシールをはる。
To stick a sticker on the photo.
Object (photo) and item being stuck (sticker).
壁にポスターを貼りました。
I pasted a poster on the wall.
Past tense (ました - mashita) of はる.
この封筒に切手を貼ってください。
Please stick a stamp on this envelope.
Polite request using the te-form + ください (kudasai).
子供がノートにシールを貼っている。
The child is sticking stickers on the notebook.
Continuous form (～ている - te iru).
冷蔵庫にメモを貼るのを忘れないで。
Don't forget to stick the memo on the refrigerator.
Using the ～のを忘れないで (no o wasurenaide) structure.
この箱に値札を貼る必要があります。
It is necessary to stick a price tag on this box.
Using ～必要があります (hitsuyō ga arimasu - it is necessary).
学校の掲示板に張り紙を貼った。
I posted a notice on the school bulletin board.
Related noun 張り紙 (harigami - notice/poster) used with はる.
アルバムに写真を貼ろう。
Let's paste photos into the album.
Volitional form (～う/よう - u/yō) for suggestion.
この窓に「営業中」と書いた紙を貼ります。
I will stick a paper that says 'Open' on this window.
Describing the object being pasted.
彼はDIYで壁に装飾用のタイルを貼っていた。
He was sticking decorative tiles on the wall with DIY.
Using the continuous past tense (～ていた - te ita) and indicating method (DIY).
メールに添付するファイルは、このフォルダに貼ってください。
Please paste the files to be attached to the email into this folder.
Distinguishing between pasting into a folder and attaching to an email (using 添付する - tenpu suru).
この契約書には、印鑑を貼る必要があります。
It is necessary to affix a seal to this contract.
Formal context; 印鑑を貼る (inkan o haru) means to stamp a seal.
古いポスターを剥がして、新しいのを貼る作業をした。
I did the work of peeling off the old poster and sticking on a new one.
Using the te-form to connect two actions: 剥がして (hagasite - peeling off) and 貼る (haru).
子供が描いた絵を冷蔵庫に貼っておくと、いつでも見られて嬉しい。
It makes me happy to see the child's drawing stuck on the refrigerator anytime.
Using ～ておくと (te oku to - if you leave it in that state) for a continuous state.
この地域では、許可なくポスターを貼ることは禁止されています。
In this area, sticking posters without permission is prohibited.
Formal prohibition using ～ことは禁止されています (koto wa kinshi sarete imasu).
彼は自分の部屋の壁一面に好きなバンドのポスターを貼っていた。
He had posters of his favorite band stuck all over one wall of his room.
Describing extensive application: 壁一面に (kabe ichimen ni - all over one wall).
新しい家具の組み立て説明書には、部品の番号を貼るように指示があった。
The assembly instructions for the new furniture had instructions to stick the part numbers.
Instructional context.
歴史的な建造物では、許可なくいかなるものも貼付することは固く禁じられている。
In historical buildings, it is strictly forbidden to affix anything without permission.
Formal language: 貼付する (chōfu suru - to affix), 固く禁じられている (kataku kinjirarete iru - strictly forbidden).
展示会場の壁には、作品のタイトルや作者名を正確に貼付する必要がある。
It is necessary to accurately affix the title of the work and the artist's name on the exhibition hall walls.
Emphasis on accuracy and formality in an exhibition context.
古い地図を修復する際、破れた箇所に紙を貼る作業は非常に繊細を要する。
When restoring an old map, the work of pasting paper onto torn areas requires extreme delicacy.
Describes a delicate restoration process using 貼る.
彼は、自身の研究成果をまとめたレポートの表紙に、オリジナルのイラストを貼ることにした。
He decided to stick an original illustration on the cover of the report summarizing his research findings.
Personal touch added to a formal document.
イベントの告知ポスターを街中に貼るボランティア活動に参加した。
I participated in a volunteer activity to paste event announcement posters throughout the city.
Community involvement and widespread application.
この特殊な素材は、接着剤を使わずに表面に直接貼ることができる。
This special material can be stuck directly to the surface without using adhesive.
Highlighting the adhesive properties of the material itself.
会議の資料には、関連する統計データをグラフにして貼付するように指示があった。
There was an instruction to paste graphs of related statistical data onto the meeting materials.
Business context, using 貼付する for data presentation.
子供のおもちゃ箱には、キャラクターのシールをたくさん貼って、識別しやすくした。
I stuck many character stickers on the child's toy box to make it easier to identify.
Practical application for organization and identification.
彼の絵画は、キャンバスに油絵具を幾重にも塗り重ね、さらにコラージュとして布片を貼付することで、独特の質感を生み出している。
His paintings create a unique texture by layering oil paints multiple times on the canvas, and further affixing pieces of fabric as a collage.
Complex sentence describing artistic technique involving multiple actions, including 貼付する.
都市計画において、景観を損なわないよう、公共スペースへの広告の貼付に関する厳格な規制が設けられている。
In urban planning, strict regulations are established regarding the affixing of advertisements in public spaces so as not to damage the landscape.
Formal, policy-related language concerning urban aesthetics.
古い文献の修復作業では、破損したページに和紙を細心の注意を払って貼付し、その歴史的価値を保持する。
In the restoration work of old documents, paper is affixed to damaged pages with utmost care to preserve their historical value.
Specialized vocabulary related to archival restoration.
文化財保護の観点から、史跡に無許可で記念品などを貼付することは、厳しく罰せられる可能性がある。
From the perspective of cultural property protection, affixing souvenirs or the like to historic sites without permission may be strictly punished.
Legal and ethical implications of unauthorized actions.
彼は、自身の哲学を視覚的に表現するために、抽象的なイメージをコラージュし、キャンバスに貼付した。
He collaged abstract images and affixed them to the canvas to visually express his philosophy.
Artistic expression and philosophical representation.
最新の建築技術では、断熱材を外壁に直接貼付することで、施工期間の短縮とコスト削減を実現している。
With the latest construction technology, insulation materials are directly affixed to the exterior walls, achieving reduced construction time and cost savings.
Technical application in modern construction.
デジタルアーカイブにおいては、原本の紙資料に直接貼付されていた図版や注釈を、スキャンデータ上で再現・貼付する手法が研究されている。
In digital archiving, methods are being researched to reproduce and affix illustrations and annotations, originally pasted onto original paper documents, onto scanned data.
Advanced digital preservation techniques.
そのアーティストは、都市の風景から集めた様々な素材をキャンバスに貼付し、現代社会の断片を表現するユニークな作品を制作した。
The artist created unique works expressing fragments of modern society by affixing various materials collected from urban landscapes onto canvas.
Artistic commentary on society through collage.
古文書における図像学的な分析では、絵画的要素が紙葉にどのように貼付されていたか、その技術的側面と意匠的意図の両面から考察がなされる。
In the iconographic analysis of ancient documents, the way pictorial elements were affixed to the paper leaves is examined from both technical and design intention perspectives.
Highly specialized academic discourse on historical document analysis.
建築意匠におけるモザイクタイルの貼付技術は、古代ローマ時代から現代に至るまで、その時代ごとの素材や接着剤の進化とともに変遷してきた。
The technique of affixing mosaic tiles in architectural design has evolved from ancient Roman times to the present day, along with the advancements in materials and adhesives of each era.
Historical and material science perspective on a long-standing technique.
現代アートにおけるコラージュ技法は、既成のイメージや素材を断片化し、再貼付することで、新たな意味や文脈を創造するポストモダン的なアプローチを体現している。
The collage technique in contemporary art embodies a postmodern approach that creates new meanings and contexts by fragmenting and re-affixing existing images and materials.
Art theory and critical analysis of artistic movements.
印刷技術の黎明期においては、図版の貼付は手作業に依存しており、その配置や均一性は職人の技量に大きく左右された。
In the early days of printing technology, the affixing of illustrations relied on manual labor, and their placement and uniformity were greatly dependent on the craftsman's skill.
Historical context of early printing and craftsmanship.
デジタルファブリケーションの進展により、従来は接着剤を必要とした部材の貼付が、ナノレベルでの分子間力や熱融着によって可能になりつつある。
With the advancement of digital fabrication, the affixing of components that traditionally required adhesives is becoming possible through molecular forces and thermal fusion at the nanoscale.
Cutting-edge materials science and manufacturing processes.
地図製作における図葉の貼付は、投影法や縮尺の整合性を保つ上で極めて重要であり、わずかなずれも許されない。
The affixing of map sheets in cartography is extremely important for maintaining the consistency of projection and scale, and even slight misalignments are not permitted.
Technical precision in cartography.
文化遺産保護の分野では、オリジナルの素材を極力尊重しつつ、劣化部分への補修材の貼付は、その保存学的妥当性が厳密に問われる。
In the field of cultural heritage preservation, the affixing of repair materials to deteriorated areas, while respecting the original materials as much as possible, is rigorously examined for its conservationist validity.
Advanced conservation ethics and methodology.
舞台美術において、背景幕や小道具の貼付には、演出効果を最大限に引き出すための計算された配置と、迅速な着脱が可能な工夫が凝らされる。
In stage design, the affixing of backdrops and props involves calculated placement to maximize the dramatic effect and ingenuity for quick attachment and detachment.
Technical and artistic considerations in theatrical production.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— To stick [object] onto [surface].
「壁にポスターをはる。」 (Kabe ni posutā o haru.) - To stick a poster on the wall.
— Please stick/paste [object].
「この封筒に切手を貼ってください。」 (Kono fūtō ni kitte o hatte kudasai.) - Please stick a stamp on this envelope.
— Don't forget to stick/paste [object].
「冷蔵庫にメモを貼るのを忘れないで。」 (Reizōko ni memo o haru no o wasurenaide.) - Don't forget to stick the memo on the refrigerator.
— It is necessary to stick/paste [object].
「この箱に値札を貼る必要がある。」 (Kono hako ni nejifu o haru hitsuyō ga aru.) - It is necessary to stick a price tag on this box.
— Sticking/pasting [object] (used as part of a longer sentence or instruction).
「剥がして、新しいのを貼って。」 (Hagasite, atarashii no o hatte.) - Peel it off and stick the new one.
يُخلط عادةً مع
はる is specifically for sticking/pasting. 付ける is broader and can mean to attach, put on, or even turn on. For example, you はる a sticker but 付ける a button.
はる is for sticking flat items. 掛ける is for hanging things, like pictures or clothes on a hook.
はる is for attaching a separate item. 塗る is for covering a surface with paint, cream, or butter.
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— Walls have ears, sliding doors have eyes. This idiom means that secrets can easily be overheard or discovered, implying that one should be careful about what they say. While not directly using はる, it relates to things being 'attached' or 'present' where they shouldn't be.
「この話は内緒だよ。壁に耳あり障子に目ありだからね。」 (Kono hanashi wa naisho da yo. Kabe ni mimi ari shōji ni me ari dakara ne.) - Keep this conversation a secret. Walls have ears and sliding doors have eyes.
— Even if it means gnawing on a stone. This idiom signifies extreme determination and perseverance to achieve a goal, no matter how difficult. It implies sticking to a task tenaciously.
「合格するためなら、石にかじりついてでも勉強するつもりだ。」 (Gōkaku suru tame nara, ishi ni kajiri tsuite demo benkyō suru tsumori da.) - If it means passing, I intend to study tenaciously, even if it means gnawing on a stone.
— Rumors about people last only seventy-five days. This proverb suggests that gossip and rumors eventually fade away. It implies that things that are 'stuck' in people's minds (like rumors) eventually detach.
「心配しないで。人の噂も七十五日だよ。」 (Shinpai shinaide. Hito no uwasa mo nanajūgo nichi da yo.) - Don't worry. Rumors fade away.
— To make ends meet, to scrape by. This idiom refers to earning just enough money to survive. It relates to 'sticking' to a minimal existence.
「彼は日雇いの仕事で糊口をしのいでいる。」 (Kare wa hiyatoi no shigoto de kokō o shinōde iru.) - He is making ends meet with day labor.
— To speak with a forked tongue, to be two-faced. This refers to someone who says one thing but means another, or is deceitful. It implies a lack of genuine 'sticking' to one truth.
「あの政治家は二枚舌を使うから信用できない。」 (Ano seijika wa nimaijita o tsukau kara shinyō dekinai.) - I can't trust that politician because he's two-faced.
سهل الخلط
Shares similar sounds or contexts with other verbs related to attachment or placement.
Specifically means to stick or paste something onto a surface using adhesive or pressure. It implies affixing a separate item.
「壁にポスターを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark>。」 (To paste a poster on the wall.)
Also means 'to attach', but is much broader.
A general term for attaching, putting on, or adding. Can include sewing, clipping, or simply placing something. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is a specific type of attachment.
「シャツにボタンを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>付ける</mark>。」 (To attach a button to a shirt - by sewing.)
Related to placing items, but the method is different.
Means 'to hang' something, typically on a hook, nail, or rack. It's not about sticking.
「コートをハンガーに<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>掛ける</mark>。」 (To hang a coat on a hanger.)
Involves applying something to a surface.
Means 'to paint', 'to spread', or 'to apply' a substance like paint, cream, or butter. It's about covering a surface, not affixing a separate object.
「パンにバターを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>塗る</mark>。」 (To spread butter on bread.)
Very similar meaning to <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark>.
A more formal and often written verb meaning 'to affix' or 'to paste'. Used in official documents, legal contexts, or technical instructions. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is the more common, everyday spoken verb.
「報告書に資料を<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>貼付する</mark>。」 (To affix the materials to the report.)
أنماط الجُمل
[Object] を はる。
シールを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark>。
[Surface] に [Object] を はる。
壁にポスターを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark>。
[Object] を はって ください。
切手を<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はって</mark> ください。
[Object] を はりました。
メモを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はりました</mark>。
[Surface] に [Object] を はりません。
窓に広告を<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はりません</mark>。
[Object] を はる 必要がある。
この箱にラベルを<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> 必要がある。
[Object] を はっておく。
子供の絵を冷蔵庫に<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はっておく</mark>。
[Object] を 貼付する。
契約書に印鑑を<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>貼付する</mark>。
عائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
مرتبط
كيفية الاستخدام
Very High (Commonly used in daily life).
-
Using the wrong particle (e.g., '壁をポスターではる').
→
壁にポスターをはる (kabe ni posutā o haru).
The object being stuck (ポスター) takes を (o), and the surface (壁) takes に (ni). Incorrect particle usage changes the meaning or makes the sentence grammatically incorrect.
-
Confusing はる with 掛ける (kakeru).
→
壁に絵を掛ける (kabe ni e o kakeru) for hanging a picture.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> means to stick/paste, while 掛ける means to hang. Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> for hanging a picture would sound unnatural.
-
Incorrect conjugation (e.g., 'はります' instead of 'はります' for masu-form).
→
はります (harimasu) for the polite present/future tense.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is a Group 1 verb. Its stem changes correctly to 'hari-' before '-masu'. Incorrect conjugation leads to unnatural or incorrect Japanese.
-
Using はる for painting or spreading.
→
壁をペンキで塗る (kabe o penki de nuru) for painting a wall.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is about attaching a separate item. 塗る (nuru) is for covering a surface with a substance.
-
Using はる for abstract 'sticking to a plan'.
→
計画を守る (keikaku o mamoru) or 計画を実行する (keikaku o jikkō suru).
While sometimes used figuratively, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> is primarily literal. For abstract concepts like 'sticking to a plan', more specific verbs are preferred for clarity and naturalness.
نصائح
Visualize the Action
When learning はる, always picture someone physically sticking or pasting something. This strong visual association will help you remember the core meaning and distinguish it from similar verbs.
Master Particles
The particles を (o) for the object being stuck and に (ni) for the surface it's stuck onto are crucial. Practice sentences like '[Surface] に [Object] を はる' until it becomes natural.
Learn Collocations
Memorize common word pairings like 'シールをはる' (stick a sticker), 'ポスターをはる' (paste a poster), and '切手をはる' (stick a stamp). These fixed phrases make learning easier and usage more natural.
Practice the 'R' Sound
The Japanese 'r' sound is a flap, similar to the 'tt' in 'butter' in American English. Practice saying はる with this sound to improve your pronunciation.
Mnemonic Devices
Create your own mnemonics! For example, imagine 'hurling' (haru) a sticker onto a wall. Associating the sound with a vivid image or action can significantly boost recall.
Listen Actively
Pay attention to how native speakers use はる in various situations. This will help you understand its nuances and appropriate usage in different contexts.
Write Your Own Sentences
Actively write sentences using はる. Try describing everyday actions like decorating your room or sending a letter. The more you write, the more confident you'll become.
Distinguish from Similar Verbs
Understand the differences between はる, 付ける (tsukeru), and 掛ける (kakeru). Focus on the method of attachment: sticking/pasting vs. general attaching vs. hanging.
Regular Review
Revisit the definition and examples of はる regularly. Consistent review, especially through practice exercises, is key to long-term retention.
Use in Conversation
Don't be afraid to use はる in your conversations. Even if you make mistakes, it's the best way to solidify your understanding and improve your fluency.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a 'harrier' jet plane flying low and 'sticking' to the ground, or 'hurling' a sticker onto a wall. The sound 'haru' can remind you of 'hurling' or 'harrier'.
ربط بصري
Visualize someone 'hurling' (haru) a sticky note onto a refrigerator.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to describe five things you would stick or paste in your room using はる. For example, 'I want to stick a map on my wall.'
أصل الكلمة
The verb はる comes from the classical Japanese verb 張る (haru). In older Japanese, 張る had a broader meaning that included stretching, spreading, and also sticking or pasting.
المعنى الأصلي: The original meaning of 張る encompassed actions like stretching a net, spreading a tent, or covering a surface. Over time, the meaning specialized, and the nuances of 'sticking' and 'pasting' became strongly associated with the modern はる (貼る).
Japonic languagesالسياق الثقافي
There are no particular cultural sensitivities directly associated with the verb はる itself. However, the context in which it is used matters. For instance, posting unauthorized notices in public spaces can be illegal or frowned upon, but this is a matter of social rules, not the verb's inherent meaning.
In English, we use various verbs like 'stick', 'paste', 'affix', 'apply', 'post', and 'adhere'. はる generally covers the most common of these, particularly 'stick' and 'paste'.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
Decorating a room
- シールをはる (shīru o haru)
- ポスターをはる (posutā o haru)
- 写真をはる (shashin o haru)
Sending mail
- 切手をはる (kitte o haru)
- 宛名書きをはる (atenagaki o haru - to stick the address label)
Organizing items
- ラベルをはる (raberu o haru)
- 値札をはる (nejifu o haru)
- 名前をはる (namae o haru)
Public announcements
- 張り紙をはる (harigami o haru)
- 告知をはる (kokuchi o haru - to post an announcement)
Crafting and hobbies
- アルバムに写真をはる (arubamu ni shashin o haru)
- 貼り絵を作る (harie o tsukuru - to make a collage)
بدايات محادثة
"What did you stick on your wall today?"
"Do you like putting stickers on things?"
"Did you paste any posters recently?"
"How do you usually attach labels to your belongings?"
"What's the most interesting thing you've ever stuck somewhere?"
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
Describe a time you had to stick something important somewhere. What was it and why was it important?
Imagine you could stick anything you wanted anywhere in the world. What would you stick and where?
Write about your favorite sticker or poster and why you liked it enough to stick it.
Think about a time you received something that was 'stuck' or 'pasted' onto something else. What was it?
If you were to create a collage, what kind of images or materials would you want to stick together?
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلةThe verb はる specifically means 'to stick' or 'to paste' something onto a surface, usually with adhesive or by pressing. 付ける (tsukeru) is a broader verb meaning 'to attach', 'to put on', or 'to add', and can be used for a wider range of actions, including sewing on a button or turning on a light. For example, you はる a sticker, but you 付ける a button.
For the meaning 'to stick' or 'to paste', the kanji 貼 (chō) is the correct and most common choice. The kanji 張 (chō) originally had a broader meaning including 'to stretch', 'to spread', or 'to cover' (like a tent or a net), although it can sometimes be used in older texts for sticking. In modern Japanese, always use 貼 for 'to stick/paste'.
Generally, no. For hanging things on a wall, especially with a hook or nail, the verb 掛ける (kakeru) is used. For example, 「壁に絵を掛ける」 (kabe ni e o kakeru) means 'to hang a picture on the wall'. はる is for sticking or pasting.
You would use the te-form of はる, which is はって (hatte), followed by ください (kudasai). So, it becomes 「～をはって ください。」 (～ o hatte kudasai.)
Yes, there are related nouns. 張り紙 (harigami) means 'notice' or 'poster' (something that is posted). 貼り絵 (harie) refers to a collage or a picture made by pasting pieces of paper. For more formal contexts, 貼付 (chōfu) is used as a noun meaning 'pasting' or 'affixing'.
Yes, definitely. It's very common to say 「アルバムに写真をはる。」 (Arubamu ni shashin o haru.) - To stick photos in an album.
Yes, that's a very common usage. You would say 「手紙に切手をはる。」 (Tegami ni kitte o haru.) - To stick a stamp on a letter.
Yes, it is. For example, 「店に看板をはる。」 (Mise ni kanban o haru.) - To put up a signboard at the store. However, for larger or more permanent fixtures, other verbs might also be used depending on the mounting method.
While both involve attachment, 貼る (haru) is the general verb for sticking or pasting. 添付する (tenpu suru) is more specific and typically used for attaching files to emails or documents. You はる a sticker on a box, but you 添付する a PDF file to an email.
You would use the negative te-form followed by でください (de kudasai) for a polite negative command. The te-form is はって (hatte), so the negative te-form is はらなくて (haranaku te). Thus, 「～をはらなくて ください。」 (～ o haranakute kudasai.) is too formal and not standard. A more common way is 「～をはらないでください。」 (～ o haranai de kudasai.) - Please do not stick ~.
اختبر نفسك 10 أسئلة
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>はる</mark> (haru) means to stick or paste something onto a surface. It's used for actions like attaching stickers, posters, or stamps.
- Verb: はる (haru)
- Meaning: To stick, to paste
- Usage: Attaching things with glue, tape, or pressure.
- Examples: Stickers, posters, stamps.
Visualize the Action
When learning はる, always picture someone physically sticking or pasting something. This strong visual association will help you remember the core meaning and distinguish it from similar verbs.
Master Particles
The particles を (o) for the object being stuck and に (ni) for the surface it's stuck onto are crucial. Practice sentences like '[Surface] に [Object] を はる' until it becomes natural.
Learn Collocations
Memorize common word pairings like 'シールをはる' (stick a sticker), 'ポスターをはる' (paste a poster), and '切手をはる' (stick a stamp). These fixed phrases make learning easier and usage more natural.
Practice the 'R' Sound
The Japanese 'r' sound is a flap, similar to the 'tt' in 'butter' in American English. Practice saying はる with this sound to improve your pronunciation.
مثال
壁にポスターを貼る。
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات daily_life
もう少し
B1قليلا أكثر. (يرجى الانتظار قليلا أكثر. - もう少し待ってください。)
じゅうしょ
A2تفاصيل المكان الذي يعيش فيه شخص ما.
住所
A2عنوان، محل الإقامة. المكان الذي يعيش فيه الشخص.
～後
A2after
目覚まし
B1منبه. ساعة تصدر صوتاً لإيقاظ شخص ما.
目覚まし時計
B1ساعة المنبه هي جهاز يستخدم لإيقاظ الناس في وقت محدد.
ひとりで
A2Alone.
~のに
B1على الرغم من؛ بالرغم من. تُستخدم للتعبير عن خيبة الأمل أو المفاجأة عندما تكون النتيجة غير متوقعة.
ごぜん
A2كلمة 'جوزين' تعني الصباح أو قبل الظهر باليابانية.
煩い
B1صوت التلفزيون مزعج (urusai).
