общество في 30 ثانية
- Общество means society, referring to a community of people and their way of life.
- It can mean society at large or a specific organized group.
- Key term in sociology, politics, and discussions about social structures.
- Requires correct grammatical case endings.
The Russian word общество (pronounced obshchestvo) is a fundamental term that translates directly to 'society' in English. It refers to the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community. This can be a broad concept, encompassing all of humanity, or it can refer to a specific group of people with shared interests, customs, or a common territory. For instance, you might hear about 'человеческое общество' (human society) or 'русское общество' (Russian society). It's also used to describe a group of people who share a common interest, like a 'книжное общество' (book club) or a 'научное общество' (scientific society). The word implies a structured interaction among individuals, with shared norms, values, and institutions. It's a versatile term that appears in discussions ranging from sociology and politics to everyday conversations about social groups and communities. Understanding 'общество' is key to grasping many discussions about how people live and interact together, both on a large scale and within smaller, more defined groups.
- Broad Usage
- Refers to the entire human population or a large segment of it, including its organizations, institutions, and culture.
- Specific Groups
- Can denote a particular community, association, or group with shared goals or characteristics.
Мы живем в сложном обществе.
Это решение оказало большое влияние на общество.
- Social Structures
- It's used when discussing social classes, cultural norms, and the general way of life within a community or nation.
Он был активным членом нашего общества.
The term 'общество' is derived from the Old East Slavic word 'обьщество', which itself comes from 'обьще' meaning 'common' or 'together'. This etymology perfectly captures the essence of the word: a collection of people bound together by commonality. It's a word you'll encounter frequently in news, academic texts, and discussions about social issues, history, and culture. Whether you're talking about the impact of technology on society, the structure of a particular community, or simply a group of friends gathering for a common purpose, 'общество' is the word to use.
Using общество correctly involves understanding its various grammatical cases and its semantic range. As a neuter noun, it declines according to standard Russian grammar. For example, in the genitive case, it becomes 'общества', in the dative 'обществу', accusative 'общество', instrumental 'обществом', and prepositional 'об обществе'.
- Nominative Case
- As the subject of a sentence: 'Общество меняется.' (Society is changing.) This is the base form of the word.
Современное общество требует новых подходов.
- Genitive Case
- To show possession or absence: 'Проблемы современного общества.' (Problems of modern society.) or 'У нас нет такого общества.' (We don't have such a society.)
Он посвятил свою жизнь служению обществу.
- Dative Case
- To indicate the indirect object or recipient: 'Это важно для всего общества.' (This is important for all of society.)
Мы должны заботиться о благе общества.
- Instrumental Case
- To indicate means or accompaniment: 'Он работал обществом.' (He worked with society - less common, usually implies working *for* society in an instrumental sense, or with a group called 'общество'). A more common usage is with prepositions like 'с' (with) or 'над' (over): 'бороться с обществом' (to fight with society).
Его идеи были поняты только узким кругом общества.
- Prepositional Case
- To indicate location or topic: 'Говорить об обществе.' (To talk about society.)
В этом обществе ценятся честность и трудолюбие.
When used in the sense of a specific club or association, it often appears with possessive pronouns or adjectives: 'наше общество' (our society/club), 'это общество любителей искусства' (this society of art lovers). The plural form 'общества' is used when referring to multiple distinct societies or organizations.
The word общество is ubiquitous in Russian media and everyday discourse. You'll hear it frequently in news reports discussing social trends, political developments, and cultural events. For instance, a news anchor might say, 'Последние изменения в законодательстве повлияют на всё общество.' (The latest legislative changes will affect all of society.)
Учёные обсуждают будущее общества.
In academic settings, especially in sociology, philosophy, and political science, 'общество' is a core term. Lectures and textbooks will often use phrases like 'структура общества' (the structure of society), 'развитие общества' (the development of society), or 'критика общества' (critique of society).
Это важный вопрос для всего общества.
You'll also encounter it when people discuss social responsibility and civic duty. A politician might appeal to the public by saying, 'Каждый из нас несёт ответственность перед обществом.' (Each of us bears responsibility to society.)
Он был известным деятелем общества.
In more casual conversations, 'общество' can refer to a specific group or organization. For example, someone might say, 'Я состою в обществе любителей природы.' (I am a member of the nature lovers' society.) Or, 'Наше общество проводит ежегодное собрание.' (Our society holds an annual meeting.)
Even in literature and art, 'общество' is a recurring theme, often used to explore societal norms, class structures, and human relationships. For instance, a character might reflect on their place within 'буржуазное общество' (bourgeois society) or 'крестьянское общество' (peasant society).
Важно понимать, как функционирует общество.
Learners of Russian often make a few common mistakes when using the word общество. One frequent error is with its grammatical gender and case endings. Since it's a neuter noun, its endings change depending on its role in the sentence. Forgetting to apply these changes can lead to ungrammatical sentences.
- Incorrect Case Usage
- Mistake: 'Я говорю общество.' (Incorrect, should be 'об обществе' when meaning 'I speak *about* society'.)
- Correct: 'Я говорю об обществе.' (I am talking about society.)
Неправильно: Это важно для общество.
Another common pitfall is confusing the broad meaning of 'society' with a specific 'club' or 'organization'. While 'общество' can mean both, the context must be clear. Using it for a small, informal gathering might sound too formal or out of place.
- Pluralization Errors
- Mistake: Using the singular 'общество' when referring to multiple distinct organizations. For example, 'различные общество' instead of 'различные общества'.
- Correct: 'различные общества' (various societies/organizations).
Правильно: Это важно для всего общества.
Overuse or underuse of the word can also be an issue. Sometimes, learners might use 'общество' when a more specific term like 'народ' (people, nation) or 'страна' (country) would be more appropriate. Conversely, they might use a less formal term when 'общество' is the precise word needed for abstract social concepts.
- Gender Agreement
- Mistake: Applying masculine or feminine adjective endings to 'общество'. For example, 'большое общество' is correct, but saying 'большой общество' or 'большая общество' is wrong.
- Correct: 'большое общество' (large society).
While общество is the primary word for 'society', Russian has several related terms that offer nuanced meanings or are used in specific contexts. Understanding these alternatives helps in choosing the most precise word.
- Народ (Narod)
- Meaning: People, nation, folk. 'Народ' refers to the collective body of people, often with a shared ethnicity, culture, or territory. It emphasizes the populace as a whole, rather than the social structure itself.
- Comparison: 'Общество' is more abstract and focuses on the organizational and structural aspects of human coexistence. 'Народ' is more concrete, referring to the people themselves. For example, 'общество потребления' (consumer society) is about the structure and values, while 'русский народ' (Russian people) refers to the ethnic group.
Это было решение народа, а не только правительства.
- Социум (Sotsium)
- Meaning: Socium (a term from sociology). This is a more technical, academic term for society as a complex system of social relations, institutions, and groups.
- Comparison: 'Общество' is the general word. 'Социум' is used in specialized academic contexts, similar to how 'society' might be used in a sociological paper versus everyday conversation.
Социум постоянно меняется под влиянием технологий.
- Сообщество (Soobshchestvo)
- Meaning: Community, association. This term refers to a group of people with shared interests, a common geographical location, or a specific social identity.
- Comparison: 'Общество' is broader. 'Сообщество' is more specific to a smaller, often more cohesive group. For example, 'общество как система' (society as a system) versus 'онлайн-сообщество' (online community) or 'местное сообщество' (local community).
Это было дружелюбное сообщество.
- Коллектив (Kollektiv)
- Meaning: Collective, team, staff. This term usually refers to a group of people working together, such as in a workplace or a formal organization.
- Comparison: 'Общество' is too broad for 'коллектив'. You wouldn't say 'рабочее общество' for a company; you'd say 'рабочий коллектив'. 'Коллектив' implies a more tightly knit group with shared tasks.
Коллектив нашего завода очень дружный.
حقيقة ممتعة
The root 'общ-' (obshch-) meaning 'common' or 'shared' is found in many Russian words related to togetherness, such as 'общий' (general, common), 'общность' (community, commonality), and 'объединять' (to unite). This highlights the deep-seated concept of collective existence in the Russian language.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing the 'o' in the first syllable as a clear 'o' instead of a reduced 'a' sound.
- Not emphasizing the 'щ' sound as a long, soft 'shch'.
- Incorrectly stressing a different syllable.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
Это хорошее общество.
This is a good society.
Simple sentence structure, nominative case.
Я люблю общество.
I love society/company.
Accusative case for 'общество'.
Мы - общество.
We are society.
Nominative case, simple predicate.
Это большое общество.
This is a big society.
Neuter adjective agreement.
Они создали общество.
They created a society.
Accusative case for 'общество'.
В обществе есть люди.
There are people in society.
Prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Это новое общество.
This is a new society.
Neuter adjective agreement.
Я вижу общество.
I see society.
Accusative case for 'общество'.
Наше общество развивается.
Our society is developing.
Possessive pronoun 'наше' agrees with neuter noun.
Он хочет изменить общество.
He wants to change society.
Accusative case for 'общество'.
Это важный вопрос для общества.
This is an important question for society.
Genitive case for 'общества'.
Мы живем в современном обществе.
We live in modern society.
Prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Это общество имеет свои правила.
This society has its rules.
Nominative case for 'общество'.
Защита прав общества - наша цель.
Protecting the rights of society is our goal.
Genitive case for 'общества'.
Он был частью общества.
He was part of society.
Genitive case for 'общества'.
Какое общество мы хотим построить?
What society do we want to build?
Accusative case for 'общество'.
Культурное общество ценит искусство.
Cultural society values art.
Adjective agreement ('культурное') with neuter noun.
Проблемы общества требуют решения.
The problems of society require a solution.
Genitive plural for 'проблемы' and genitive singular for 'общества'.
Он внес вклад в развитие общества.
He contributed to the development of society.
Genitive case for 'развитие' and 'общества'.
В этом обществе царит справедливость.
Justice reigns in this society.
Prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Формирование гражданского общества - долгий процесс.
The formation of civil society is a long process.
Genitive case for 'гражданского общества'.
Его идеи были приняты обществом.
His ideas were accepted by society.
Instrumental case for 'обществом' (passive voice).
Мы должны заботиться о будущем нашего общества.
We must care for the future of our society.
Genitive case for 'будущем' and 'общества'.
Это общество стремится к прогрессу.
This society strives for progress.
Nominative case for 'общество'.
Дискуссии о роли личности в обществе не утихают.
Discussions about the role of the individual in society do not subside.
Genitive case for 'роли' and prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Современное общество сталкивается с беспрецедентными вызовами.
Modern society faces unprecedented challenges.
Nominative case for 'общество', adjective agreement ('современное').
Его деятельность оказала значительное влияние на общество.
His activity had a significant impact on society.
Accusative case for 'влияние' and prepositional case for 'общество'.
Мы наблюдаем трансформацию традиционного общества.
We observe the transformation of traditional society.
Genitive case for 'трансформацию' and 'общества'.
Искусство часто отражает дух времени и настроения общества.
Art often reflects the spirit of the times and the mood of society.
Genitive case for 'дух' and 'настроения' and 'общества'.
Свобода слова является краеугольным камнем демократического общества.
Freedom of speech is a cornerstone of democratic society.
Genitive case for 'свобода слова' and 'демократического общества'.
Взаимодействие между различными социальными группами формирует общество.
The interaction between different social groups shapes society.
Nominative case for 'взаимодействие' and 'общество'.
Он посвятил свою жизнь служению обществу.
He dedicated his life to serving society.
Dative case for 'служению' and genitive case for 'обществу'.
Глобализация оказывает многогранное воздействие на структуру современного общества.
Globalization has a multifaceted impact on the structure of modern society.
Genitive case for 'воздействие' and 'структуру' and 'общества'.
Этические дилеммы, возникающие в информационном обществе, требуют глубокого осмысления.
Ethical dilemmas arising in the information society require deep reflection.
Genitive case for 'дилеммы' and 'обществе'.
Социальная справедливость является основополагающим принципом любого здорового общества.
Social justice is a fundamental principle of any healthy society.
Nominative case for 'справедливость' and 'принципом', genitive for 'общества'.
Революционные изменения в технологиях радикально преобразуют наше общество.
Revolutionary technological changes radically transform our society.
Nominative case for 'изменения' and 'общество'.
Понимание механизмов функционирования общества необходимо для построения устойчивого будущего.
Understanding the mechanisms of society's functioning is necessary for building a sustainable future.
Genitive case for 'понимание' and 'механизмов' and 'общества'.
Дебаты о роли государства в обществе продолжают оставаться актуальными.
Debates about the role of the state in society continue to remain relevant.
Genitive case for 'роли' and prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Принятие многообразия является ключевым показателем зрелости общества.
Acceptance of diversity is a key indicator of societal maturity.
Nominative case for 'принятие' and 'показателем', genitive for 'общества'.
Критическое мышление необходимо для навигации в сложном современном обществе.
Critical thinking is necessary for navigating complex modern society.
Prepositional case for 'обществе'.
Процесс социальной мобильности является неотъемлемой характеристикой динамично развивающегося общества.
The process of social mobility is an inherent characteristic of a dynamically developing society.
Genitive case for 'процесс' and 'характеристикой', dative for 'общества'.
Политические и экономические реформы неизбежно влекут за собой трансформацию общественных отношений.
Political and economic reforms inevitably entail the transformation of social relations.
Genitive case for 'трансформацию' and 'отношений'. 'Общественных' is an adjective modifying 'отношений'.
Исследование взаимодействия человека и общества позволяет глубже понять человеческую природу.
The study of the interaction between humans and society allows for a deeper understanding of human nature.
Genitive case for 'исследование' and 'взаимодействия' and 'общества'.
Современные вызовы требуют от общества переосмысления устоявшихся парадигм.
Modern challenges require society to rethink established paradigms.
Nominative case for 'вызовы' and 'общества' (as the agent in a complex structure), genitive for 'парадигм'.
Феномен консьюмеризма оказывает колоссальное влияние на формирование ценностных ориентаций в обществе.
The phenomenon of consumerism has a colossal influence on the formation of value orientations in society.
Genitive case for 'феномен' and 'влияние' and 'формирования' and 'ориентаций' and 'обществе'.
Исторический опыт свидетельствует о том, что никакое общество не может существовать без определенных норм и правил.
Historical experience testifies that no society can exist without certain norms and rules.
Genitive case for 'опыт' and 'того', nominative for 'общество'.
Поиск баланса между индивидуальными свободами и потребностями общества является вечной проблемой.
The search for a balance between individual freedoms and the needs of society is an eternal problem.
Genitive case for 'поиск' and 'баланса' and 'свободами' and 'потребностей' and 'общества'.
Деконструкция социальных стереотипов способствует построению более инклюзивного общества.
The deconstruction of social stereotypes contributes to the building of a more inclusive society.
Genitive case for 'деконструкция' and 'стереотипов' and 'построению' and 'общества'.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
В современном обществе
Для общества
Изменение общества
Член общества
Структура общества
Отражение в обществе
Основа общества
Будущее общества
Развитое общество
Общество потребления
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
"Общество зрелое"
Mature society. Used to describe a society that has developed beyond basic needs and has complex cultural and ethical systems.
После долгих лет проб и ошибок, это стало зрелое общество.
General"Общество закрытое"
Closed society. A society with limited access to information, strict social control, and resistance to external influences.
В таком закрытом обществе трудно добиться перемен.
General"Общество открытое"
Open society. A society characterized by freedom of thought, expression, and access to information, with permeable boundaries.
Открытое общество поощряет диалог и критику.
General"Общество в миниатюре"
Society in miniature. Used to describe a small group or setting that reflects the characteristics and dynamics of society at large.
Их семья была обществом в миниатюре.
General"Общество равных"
Society of equals. A society where all individuals are considered equal and have equal opportunities.
Они мечтали о построении общества равных.
Idealistic"Общество справедливости"
Society of justice. A society where fairness and equity are paramount.
Их целью было создать общество справедливости.
Idealistic"Общество без границ"
Society without borders. Often refers to a globalized society or one that is highly interconnected.
Интернет создал общество без границ.
Figurative"Общество потребления"
Consumer society. A society where the buying and selling of goods is the most important economic and social activity.
Мы живем в обществе потребления, где ценятся материальные блага.
Sociological"Общество потребления с человеческим лицом"
Consumer society with a human face. A consumer society that attempts to mitigate its negative social consequences or incorporate ethical considerations.
Некоторые компании пытаются создать общество потребления с человеческим лицом.
Critical/Conceptual"Общество знает"
Society knows. Often used ironically or to imply that public opinion or general knowledge is aware of something, even if not officially acknowledged.
Все знают, но никто не говорит: общество знает.
Colloquial/Ironicعائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الصفات
مرتبط
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a large, diverse group of people all holding hands in a circle, forming a giant 'O' shape. This represents the 'обще' (common) nature of the 'ство' (thing/entity) they form together. The 'O' stands for 'общество'.
ربط بصري
Picture a bustling town square filled with people from all walks of life interacting. This visual represents the broad scope of 'общество' – the collective of humanity or a large community.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to describe your own community or city using the word 'общество' in at least three different sentences, varying the grammatical case each time. For example, 'Мой город - это небольшое общество.' (My city is a small society.) Then, try to use it in a sentence about a specific club or organization you are part of or know of.
أصل الكلمة
The word 'общество' is of Old East Slavic origin. It is derived from the adjective 'обьще' (obshche), meaning 'common' or 'together'.
المعنى الأصلي: Originally, it referred to a shared possession, a common thing, or a communal gathering.
Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > East Slavicالسياق الثقافي
In English-speaking cultures, 'society' can sometimes feel more abstract or individualistic compared to the Russian 'общество', which often retains a sense of organic connection and shared destiny.
Summary
Общество is a versatile word for 'society' or 'community,' encompassing both broad social structures and specific organized groups. Mastering its grammatical cases is crucial for accurate usage.
- Общество means society, referring to a community of people and their way of life.
- It can mean society at large or a specific organized group.
- Key term in sociology, politics, and discussions about social structures.
- Requires correct grammatical case endings.
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات social
авторитет
B1السلطة هي الاحترام والتأثير الذي يتمتع به شخص ما. هو مرجع موثوق في هذا المجال.
американец
B1رجل من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.
англичанин
B1A native or inhabitant of England.
ассоциация
B1صلة أو ارتباط بين الأفكار، أو مجموعة من المنظمات التي تعمل معًا.
бар
B1مكان يقدم المشروبات الكحولية.
бедный
A2فقير، ليس لديه مال.
беседа
A2A friendly or informal conversation
беседовать
B1To talk or engage in conversation.
благодарить
A2to thank
благодарность
B1Gratitude or thanks
