경멸하다
경멸하다 in 30 Sekunden
- Strong feeling of contempt.
- Looking down on someone/something.
- Implies moral judgment.
- Used for serious disapproval.
Understanding 경멸하다 (Gyeongmyeolhada)
The Korean verb 경멸하다 (gyeong-myeol-ha-da) carries a strong negative connotation, signifying the act of despising, scorning, or looking down upon someone or something with contempt. It's not a mild dislike; it's a profound sense of disdain that often implies a belief in the inferiority of the object of contempt. People use 경멸하다 when they feel that another person, group, idea, or even an object is worthless, morally reprehensible, or fundamentally beneath them. This can manifest in various social situations, from personal interactions where one person feels superior to another, to broader societal contexts where certain behaviors or ideologies are widely condemned.
- Nuance
- The feeling behind 경멸하다 is often rooted in a perceived moral failing or a significant lack of value. It's a judgment that goes beyond simple disapproval.
- Contexts
- You might hear or read about 경멸하다 in discussions about social injustice, unethical behavior, or when people express extreme disapproval of someone's actions or character. It's a powerful word used to convey strong negative judgment.
- Emotional Weight
- The emotion associated with 경멸하다 is typically one of superiority and disgust. The person doing the despising sees themselves as being on a higher moral or intellectual plane than the object of their contempt.
Many people 경멸하다 those who exploit the weak.
He was accused of 경멸하다 his own colleagues.
This kind of behavior is 경멸하다 by society.
When you encounter 경멸하다, consider the power dynamic and the moral judgment being expressed. It's often used in contexts where one party feels a significant moral or social superiority, leading to a strong feeling of contempt. This can be in literature, news reports about social issues, or even in personal anecdotes where someone recounts an instance of feeling deeply looked down upon or of looking down on another.
It's important to distinguish 경멸하다 from simpler negative emotions like dislike or disapproval. 경멸하다 implies a judgment that the object is fundamentally flawed, worthless, or morally bankrupt. Imagine a situation where a politician is caught in a massive scandal involving fraud and embezzlement; the public's reaction might involve 경멸하다 towards that individual. The feeling is not just anger, but a deep-seated disdain for their character and actions.
In literature, authors might use 경멸하다 to portray a character's internal state or their view of others. For instance, a wealthy and arrogant character might 경멸하다 those who are less fortunate or less sophisticated. Conversely, a character who is a victim of such contempt might feel deeply hurt by the 경멸하다 they experience.
The word can also be applied to abstract concepts. For example, someone might 경멸하다 a particular ideology they find abhorrent or a system they believe is fundamentally unjust and corrupt. This broad applicability makes 경멸하다 a versatile verb for expressing intense negative judgment.
Constructing Sentences with 경멸하다
경멸하다 is a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. You will typically see it used in the structure 'Object + 를/을 + 경멸하다'. The particle '를/을' marks the noun that is being despised or scorned. The verb itself can be conjugated into various tenses and politeness levels, just like other Korean verbs. For instance, the present tense informal form is 경멸해, and the formal polite present tense is 경멸합니다. The past tense informal is 경멸했어, and the past tense formal polite is 경멸했습니다.
- Basic Structure
- The most common pattern is [Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다. The subject is the one doing the despising, and the object is the one being despised.
- Verb Conjugation
- Remember to conjugate 경멸하다 according to the tense, mood, and politeness level required by the context. For example, when talking about a past event, you would use the past tense forms.
- Expressing Strong Disdain
- Use 경멸하다 when you want to convey a strong sense of contempt, moral judgment, or looking down on something or someone. It's not for casual dislikes.
He 경멸했습니다 the idea of working for such a company.
She 경멸하는 gaze was evident.
We should not 경멸하다 those who are different.
Consider how the object of contempt is presented. Is it a person's character, their actions, their beliefs, or even an inanimate object that symbolizes something negative? For example, a character might 경멸하다 a cheap imitation of a luxury item, seeing it as a symbol of deceit and lack of authenticity.
You can also use 경멸하다 in hypothetical situations. For instance, '만약 그가 그런 일을 했다면, 나는 그를 경멸했을 것이다' (If he had done such a thing, I would have despised him). This shows its versatility in expressing strong judgments, even in counterfactual scenarios.
When discussing abstract concepts, you might say something like '그는 사회의 부조리를 경멸했다' (He despised the injustices of society). Here, the object of contempt is '사회의 부조리' (injustices of society), a concept rather than a person.
The verb can also be used in a more passive sense, or to describe a state of being. While less common, you might see phrases like '그는 경멸받는 존재가 되었다' (He became an object of contempt/despised being). This uses the passive form derived from the verb.
Real-World Usage of 경멸하다
경멸하다 is not an everyday, casual word. You are more likely to encounter it in situations involving strong moral judgments, social commentary, literature, news reports, or dramatic narratives. It's a word that carries significant emotional weight and is used to express deep disapproval or disdain. In formal speeches or essays discussing societal issues, particularly those involving ethical breaches or perceived moral failings, 경멸하다 might be used to describe public sentiment towards certain actions or individuals. For example, a news article discussing a politician involved in corruption might state that the public 경멸한다 their behavior.
- Literature and Drama
- In novels, plays, and films, 경멸하다 is often used to reveal a character's inner thoughts or their harsh judgment of others. It can be a key word in depicting conflicts, social hierarchies, and moral struggles.
- News and Social Commentary
- When discussing controversial events, ethical scandals, or societal problems, journalists and commentators might use 경멸하다 to describe the strong negative reactions of the public or specific groups.
- Personal Anecdotes
- While less frequent in casual conversation, someone might use it to recount a particularly strong feeling of disdain they experienced or witnessed, perhaps in a historical context or a very charged personal situation.
- Historical Accounts
- Discussions about historical figures or events that involved significant moral failings or perceived betrayals might employ 경멸하다 to describe how certain groups were viewed.
The novel depicted the protagonist's intense 경멸 for the corrupt officials.
Many viewers 경멸했습니다 the villain's cruel actions.
The article criticized the politician for 경멸하는 the public.
In historical dramas or documentaries, you might encounter discussions about past rulers or figures who were perceived to have acted with extreme arrogance or cruelty. The narration or dialogue might state that the people 경멸했다 such figures, reflecting a deep-seated societal disapproval.
Even in discussions about art or literature, critics might use 경멸하다 to describe a character's attitude towards a certain theme or style. For instance, a modernist writer might 경멸하다 traditional romantic themes, viewing them as outdated and sentimental.
It's also possible to hear 경멸하다 in more philosophical discussions, where abstract concepts like greed, hypocrisy, or ignorance are considered worthy of contempt. For example, one might argue that a truly virtuous person would 경멸하다 all forms of dishonesty.
Avoiding Pitfalls with 경멸하다
One of the most common mistakes when learning 경멸하다 is using it in situations where a milder expression of dislike or disapproval would be more appropriate. 경멸하다 signifies a profound sense of contempt and moral judgment, often stemming from a feeling of superiority. Using it for minor annoyances or disagreements can sound overly harsh or even nonsensical to a native speaker.
- Overuse for Mild Dislike
- Mistake: Using 경멸하다 when you simply dislike something. Example: 'I despise this rainy weather.' (Incorrect). Correct: 'I dislike this rainy weather.' (비가 오는 날씨가 싫어요.)
- Confusing with Similar Verbs
- Mistake: Confusing 경멸하다 with verbs like '싫어하다' (to dislike) or '무시하다' (to ignore/disregard). While related, they don't carry the same intensity of contempt.
- Incorrect Object Marking
- Mistake: Forgetting to use the object marking particle '를/을' after the noun being despised. The structure requires an object. Example: '나는 그를 경멸했다.' (I despised him.) is correct, not '나는 그 경멸했다.'
- Inappropriate Contexts
- Mistake: Using 경멸하다 in very casual or lighthearted conversations. It's a serious word for serious negative emotions.
Incorrect: 나는 이 음식을 경멸합니다.
Correct: 나는 이 음식이 맛없어서 싫어.
Incorrect: 그는 나를 경멸.
Correct: 그는 나를 무시했어.
Another common error is misinterpreting the object of contempt. 경멸하다 is usually directed at a person's character, actions, or beliefs, or at abstract concepts that are deemed morally reprehensible. It's less common to use it for inanimate objects unless they symbolize something deeply offensive or worthless.
Ensure correct verb conjugation. Forgetting to conjugate the verb to the appropriate tense or politeness level can lead to awkward or incorrect sentences. For instance, using the base form '경멸하다' in a sentence instead of '경멸합니다' or '경멸했어' is a grammatical error.
Finally, be mindful of the emotional tone. 경멸하다 is a strong word. If you are trying to express mild disapproval or disappointment, using this verb would be an overstatement and could alienate your listener or reader.
Exploring Alternatives to 경멸하다
While 경멸하다 signifies intense contempt, there are other Korean words that express negative feelings with varying degrees of intensity and nuance. Choosing the right word depends heavily on the specific context and the emotion you wish to convey.
- 싫어하다 (silheohada) - To dislike
- This is a general term for disliking something or someone. It's much milder than 경멸하다.
Example: 나는 매운 음식을 싫어해요. (I dislike spicy food.) - 무시하다 (musihada) - To ignore, to disregard, to look down on (in a dismissive way)
- 무시하다 can sometimes overlap with looking down on someone, but it's often more about actively ignoring or dismissing them rather than harboring deep contempt.
Example: 그는 동료들의 의견을 무시했다. (He ignored his colleagues' opinions.) - 비난하다 (binanhada) - To criticize, to condemn
- This verb focuses on expressing disapproval through words or actions, but it doesn't necessarily imply the deep-seated disdain of 경멸하다.
Example: 정부는 그 정책을 비난했다. (The government criticized that policy.) - 업신여기다 (upsinyeogida) - To look down on, to slight, to disdain
- This is quite similar to 경멸하다 and also implies looking down on someone with a sense of superiority. It's a strong synonym.
Example: 부유한 사람들은 가난한 사람들을 업신여기는 경향이 있다. (Wealthy people tend to look down on poor people.) - 모욕하다 (moyokada) - To insult, to affront
- This focuses on causing offense or humiliation through words or actions, which can be a result of contempt but is not the same as the feeling of contempt itself.
Example: 그는 공개적으로 나를 모욕했다. (He insulted me publicly.)
Comparison: 경멸하다 is about deep disdain, while '싫어하다' is simply disliking.
Comparison: 경멸하다 is a strong moral judgment, whereas '무시하다' is about dismissiveness or ignoring.
The word '업신여기다' is a very close synonym to 경멸하다 and is often used interchangeably, especially in spoken Korean. Both convey a sense of looking down on someone with disdain. The choice between them might come down to personal preference or regional dialect.
'무시하다' is a more neutral term for ignoring someone or something. While the act of ignoring might stem from contempt, the word itself doesn't carry that strong emotional baggage. You could ignore someone because you are busy, not necessarily because you despise them.
'비난하다' is about vocalizing criticism. You can criticize someone without necessarily despising them. For example, a coach might criticize a player for poor performance, but still respect them as a person.
'모욕하다' is about causing shame or disgrace. While contempt can lead to insults, the act of insulting is distinct from the feeling of contempt itself.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The concept of 'looking down' or 'slighting' is common across many languages to express contempt. The Korean word 경멸하다 visually represents this by combining the idea of 'lightness' (implying worthlessness) with the act of 'looking down'.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing '경' as 'kyung' instead of 'gyeong'.
- Not clearly articulating the 'm' sound in '멸'.
- Omitting the aspiration in '하다' (hada).
Schwierigkeitsgrad
Understanding <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> requires grasping the nuance of intense negative emotion and moral judgment. It's often found in contexts that are not simple or lighthearted, making comprehension require more than basic vocabulary knowledge.
Accurately using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> in writing involves understanding its strong connotation and appropriate contexts, avoiding overuse or misuse. Correct conjugation and object marking are also crucial.
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> in speech requires confidence in conveying strong emotions and understanding the social implications of such a word. It's not a word for casual conversation.
Recognizing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> in spoken Korean means understanding the speaker's intense negative sentiment and judgment, which can be conveyed through tone as well as the word itself.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Object Marking Particles (를/을)
The verb 경멸하다 requires an object marked by the particle '를' or '을'. Example: '나는 그를 경멸합니다.' (I despise him.)
Verb Conjugation (Tense and Politeness)
The verb must be conjugated correctly for tense (present, past, future) and politeness level (formal, informal, plain). Example: 경멸합니다 (formal present), 경멸했어 (informal past).
Adjective Form of Verbs (-는)
The verb can be turned into an adjective modifying a noun. Example: 경멸하는 눈빛 (contemptuous gaze).
Passive Voice (-받다)
The passive form '경멸받다' means 'to be despised'. Example: '그는 대중에게 경멸받았다.' (He was despised by the public.)
Connecting Clauses (-고, -며)
Multiple actions or feelings can be linked. Example: '그는 부패를 경멸하고 정의를 추구했다.' (He despised corruption and pursued justice.)
Beispiele nach Niveau
그는 나를 싫어해요.
He dislikes me.
Simple dislike.
나는 그 영화가 재미없었어.
I found that movie not fun.
Expressing lack of enjoyment.
그는 나를 무시했어요.
He ignored me.
Act of ignoring.
이 음식은 맛이 없어요.
This food does not taste good.
Simple negative opinion about taste.
나는 그 소식을 듣고 싶지 않아.
I don't want to hear that news.
Expressing unwillingness to hear.
그는 약한 사람들을 괴롭혔어요.
He bullied weak people.
Describing harmful actions.
나는 그런 행동을 이해할 수 없어.
I cannot understand such behavior.
Inability to comprehend.
그는 정말 나쁜 사람이야.
He is a really bad person.
Simple judgment of character.
그는 약속을 지키지 않는 사람들을 경멸합니다.
He despises people who don't keep their promises.
Present tense, formal polite, object + 를/을 + 경멸하다.
나는 그의 거짓말을 경멸했어.
I despised his lies.
Past tense, informal, object + 를/을 + 경멸하다.
그녀는 부당한 대우를 경멸하는 태도를 보였다.
She showed an attitude of despising unfair treatment.
Adjective form (경멸하는) modifying 'attitude'.
우리는 그런 비겁한 행동을 경멸해야 합니다.
We should despise such cowardly actions.
Modal verb construction (should + despise).
그는 사회적 약자를 경멸하는 것으로 유명했다.
He was famous for despising the socially weak.
Descriptive phrase using the adjective form.
그런 이기적인 생각은 경멸받아 마땅하다.
Such selfish thoughts deserve to be despised.
Passive voice construction (deserve to be despised).
나는 그가 자신을 경멸하는 것을 느꼈다.
I felt him despising me.
Using a subordinate clause describing the action of despising.
그는 자신의 과거를 경멸하는 듯 보였다.
He seemed to be despising his own past.
Describing an apparent feeling.
그는 자신의 성공을 위해 동료들을 경멸하는 데 주저하지 않았다.
He did not hesitate to despise his colleagues for his own success.
Using '주저하지 않았다' (did not hesitate) with the verb.
역사적으로 많은 독재자들이 자신에게 반대하는 사람들을 경멸했습니다.
Historically, many dictators despised those who opposed them.
Past tense, formal polite, plural object.
그녀는 가식적인 사람들을 경멸하는 경향이 있다.
She has a tendency to despise hypocritical people.
Using '경향이 있다' (has a tendency).
우리는 사회의 부조리를 경멸하고 개선하기 위해 노력해야 한다.
We must despise the injustices of society and strive to improve them.
Connecting two verbs with '-고' (and).
그는 자신의 무지를 경멸하는 듯한 눈빛을 보였다.
He showed a look as if he were despising his own ignorance.
Using '-는 듯한' (as if).
이러한 편견은 경멸받아 마땅한 것이다.
Such prejudice is something that deserves to be despised.
Emphasizing deservedness of contempt.
그녀는 자신을 경멸하는 사람들에게 굴하지 않았다.
She did not yield to people who despised her.
Using '-는 사람들에게' (to people who).
우리는 타인의 고통을 경멸하는 태도를 가져서는 안 된다.
We should not have an attitude of despising the suffering of others.
Using '-는 태도를 가져서는 안 된다' (should not have an attitude of).
그는 자신의 비겁함을 경멸하는 나머지, 스스로를 용서하지 못했다.
Despising his own cowardice to such an extent, he could not forgive himself.
Using '-는 나머지' (to the extent that/because of).
문학 작품에서는 종종 사회의 위선과 부패를 경멸하는 인물이 등장한다.
Literary works often feature characters who despise the hypocrisy and corruption of society.
Describing a common character type in literature.
그녀는 자신의 성공을 위해 수단과 방법을 가리지 않는 사람들을 경멸하며 비판의 목소리를 높였다.
Despising people who stop at nothing for their success, she raised her voice in criticism.
Using '-며' (while/and) to connect actions.
일부 비평가들은 현대 예술의 상업화를 경멸하는 입장을 취했다.
Some critics took a stance of despising the commercialization of modern art.
Using '-는 입장을 취했다' (took a stance of).
그는 자신이 과거에 저질렀던 잘못들을 경멸하는 태도로 회고했다.
He looked back on the mistakes he had made in the past with an attitude of despising them.
Using '-는 태도로 회고했다' (looked back with an attitude of).
어떤 사람들은 타인의 불행을 경멸하는 잔인함을 보이기도 한다.
Some people also show a cruelty of despising the misfortune of others.
Using '-는 잔인함을 보이기도 한다' (also show a cruelty of).
그는 명분 없는 전쟁을 경멸하고 평화를 옹호하는 글을 썼다.
He despised wars without cause and wrote articles advocating for peace.
Connecting two contrasting actions.
사회 지도층의 부패는 대중들로 하여금 그들을 경멸하게 만들었다.
The corruption of the ruling class made the public despise them.
Using '-게 만들었다' (made someone do something).
그는 자신의 나약함을 경멸하는 나머지, 끊임없이 자신을 채찍질했다.
Despising his own weakness to such an extent, he ceaselessly drove himself.
Expressing extreme self-criticism.
그의 연설은 정치적 기회주의를 경멸하는 메시지로 가득 차 있었다.
His speech was filled with a message of despising political opportunism.
Describing the content of a speech.
작가들은 종종 사회가 경멸하는 소외된 계층의 삶을 조명한다.
Writers often shed light on the lives of marginalized classes that society despises.
Using a relative clause to describe the object of societal contempt.
그는 대중의 무관심을 경멸하며 자신의 이상을 굽히지 않았다.
Despising the public's indifference, he did not compromise his ideals.
Using '-며' to connect a feeling with an action.
역사적 인물에 대한 평가는 종종 그들이 경멸했던 대상에 의해 좌우되기도 한다.
The evaluation of historical figures is sometimes swayed by the subjects they despised.
Past tense relative clause.
그녀는 물질만능주의를 경멸하는 삶의 철학을 가지고 있었다.
She had a life philosophy of despising materialism.
Describing a philosophical stance.
권력의 남용은 시민들로 하여금 정부를 경멸하게 만드는 주요 원인 중 하나이다.
The abuse of power is one of the main reasons that makes citizens despise the government.
Using '-게 만드는 주요 원인 중 하나이다' (is one of the main reasons that makes).
그는 자신의 약점을 경멸하는 동시에, 그것을 극복하려는 의지를 불태웠다.
While despising his own weaknesses, he also burned with the will to overcome them.
Using '-는 동시에' (at the same time/while).
그는 자신의 존재 이유마저 경멸하는 심연의 절망감에 빠져 있었다.
He was sunk in a deep despair of despising even the reason for his own existence.
Expressing profound existential despair.
작가 톨스토이는 인간의 탐욕과 허영심을 경멸하는 작품들을 다수 남겼다.
The writer Tolstoy left behind many works that despise human greed and vanity.
Referencing a specific author and their works.
그는 사회의 도덕적 타락을 경멸하는 동시에, 개인의 책임감을 강조했다.
While despising society's moral decay, he emphasized individual responsibility.
Juxtaposing contempt for societal issues with emphasis on individual action.
그의 예술은 종종 기존 질서에 대한 경멸과 새로운 가치 창조에 대한 열망을 동시에 보여준다.
His art often shows a simultaneous contempt for the existing order and a desire for the creation of new values.
Describing complex artistic themes.
인간의 이기심이 빚어낸 참상 앞에서, 그는 인간 존재 자체를 경멸하는 듯한 허무감에 휩싸였다.
Faced with the tragedy wrought by human selfishness, he was engulfed in a sense of nihilism as if despising human existence itself.
Expressing profound nihilism.
그는 자신의 편안함만을 추구하는 동료들을 경멸하는 태도를 숨기지 않았다.
He did not hide his attitude of despising colleagues who pursued only their own comfort.
Direct expression of contempt.
역사의 교훈을 망각하는 태도는 미래 세대로 하여금 과거를 경멸하게 만들 수 있다.
An attitude of forgetting the lessons of history can make future generations despise the past.
Using '-게 만들 수 있다' (can make someone do something) with a causal link.
그는 진실을 왜곡하는 언론을 경멸하며 비판적 사고의 중요성을 역설했다.
Despising media that distorts the truth, he emphasized the importance of critical thinking.
Connecting strong criticism with advocating for a positive trait.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— To despise him.
나는 그의 비겁함을 경멸한다.
— To despise that thing/idea.
그는 그 제안을 경멸했다.
— To look with a contemptuous gaze.
그녀는 나를 경멸하는 눈빛으로 보았다.
— To show a contemptuous attitude.
그는 경멸하는 태도를 보이며 자리를 떴다.
— To despise to the point of ignoring.
그는 그녀를 경멸하다 못해 무시하기 시작했다.
— Not even worth despising.
그의 말은 경멸할 가치도 없었다.
— To use contemptuous language.
그는 경멸적인 언사를 사용하며 분노를 표출했다.
— To despise oneself.
그는 자신의 실수에 스스로를 경멸했다.
— To be despised by society.
그는 범죄 후 사회로부터 경멸받았다.
— To become an object of contempt.
그의 행동은 많은 사람들에게 경멸의 대상이 되었다.
Wird oft verwechselt mit
무시하다 means to ignore or disregard, while 경멸하다 involves a strong feeling of contempt and looking down on someone.
싫어하다 is simply 'to dislike,' a much milder emotion than the deep contempt of 경멸하다.
비난하다 is to criticize, which can be done without the intense disdain inherent in 경멸하다.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— To despise someone until one dies (a very strong and enduring contempt).
그는 자신의 아버지를 눈에 흙이 들어가도록 경멸했다.
Informal, emphatic— To scoff and despise someone, showing dismissive contempt.
그녀는 그의 제안을 코방귀를 뀌며 경멸했다.
Informal, expressive— To look down on someone from head to toe with contempt (literally 'look at with the tip of the foot').
그녀는 나를 발끝으로 쳐다보며 경멸감을 드러냈다.
Informal, visual— To not even look at someone/something, implying utter disregard and contempt.
그는 자신을 무시하는 사람들을 거들떠보지도 않았다.
Informal, strong disregard— To revere or admire someone greatly (opposite of despising).
그는 스승을 하늘처럼 여기며 따랐다.
Formal, respectful— To treat someone like a dog, implying extreme disrespect and contempt.
그는 직원들을 개처럼 취급하며 경멸했다.
Informal, derogatory— To treat someone like an object, devoid of human dignity, implying contempt.
그는 여자를 물건 취급하며 경멸했다.
Informal, objectifying— To utterly destroy or humiliate someone, often through words, implying deep contempt.
그는 그의 주장을 가루로 만들며 경멸했다.
Informal, destructive— To show no reaction, even when facing contempt, implying indifference or strength.
그녀는 자신을 경멸하는 사람들의 시선에도 눈 하나 깜짝 안 했다.
Informal, stoic— To treat someone as if they were already dead, implying utter disregard and contempt.
그는 자신을 버린 친구를 산 송장 취급했다.
Informal, extreme disregardLeicht verwechselbar
Both words express looking down on someone with disdain.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> often implies a stronger moral judgment and a deeper sense of worthlessness in the object of contempt. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>업신여기다</mark> can sometimes be more about a general sense of superiority and looking down.
그는 자신의 지위를 이용해 남을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했다</mark>. (He used his status to despise others.) vs. 그는 가난한 사람들을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>업신여겼다</mark>. (He looked down on poor people.)
Very similar meaning of despising and scorning.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>멸시하다</mark> is often considered more formal or literary than <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark>, though they are frequently interchangeable. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> might carry a slightly stronger emphasis on the internal feeling of contempt.
그는 적들을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>멸시했다</mark>. (He scorned his enemies.) vs. 그는 자신을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> 태도를 보였다. (He showed an attitude of despising himself.)
Both can involve a negative attitude towards someone.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시하다</mark> is primarily about ignoring or disregarding, with no inherent strong emotion of contempt. You can <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시하다</mark> someone because you're busy, not because you despise them. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> is always about a deep, negative judgment.
나는 바빠서 그 전화를 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시했다</mark>. (I ignored that call because I was busy.) vs. 나는 그의 약속을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했다</mark>. (I despised his promise.)
Both involve a negative assessment of someone's worth.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>얕보다</mark> means to underestimate or think little of someone, often implying they are not as capable as they seem. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> is a much stronger emotion of disdain and looking down on someone as fundamentally flawed or worthless.
그는 상대방을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>얕보고</mark> 방심했다. (He underestimated his opponent and became careless.) vs. 그는 자신의 잘못을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했다</mark>. (He despised his own mistakes.)
Both express strong negative feelings and aversion.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>혐오하다</mark> often implies a visceral disgust, often related to moral revulsion or something physically repulsive. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> is more about looking down on someone as inferior or worthless, often with a sense of intellectual or moral superiority.
나는 그 끔찍한 범죄를 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>혐오했다</mark>. (I abhorred that terrible crime.) vs. 그는 자신의 나약함을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했다</mark>. (He despised his own weakness.)
Satzmuster
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다.
나는 그 소문을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했습니다</mark>.
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하는 + [Noun].
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> 눈빛으로 나를 보았다.
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다 + -고 + [Another Verb].
나는 그의 거짓말을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하고</mark> 비난했다.
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다 + -게 + 만들다.
그의 행동은 나를 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하게</mark> 만들었다.
[Object] + 가/이 + 경멸받다.
그의 부패한 행위는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸받았다</mark>.
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다 + -는 + 나머지, [Consequence].
그는 자신의 비겁함을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> 나머지, 스스로를 용서하지 못했다.
문학/예술에서 [Object] + 를/을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> 주제가 자주 다루어진다.
문학 작품에서 사회의 위선을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> 주제가 자주 다루어진다.
[Subject] + [Object] + 를/을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하며</mark> + [Positive Action].
그는 대중의 무관심을 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하며</mark> 자신의 이상을 굽히지 않았다.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
Low in everyday conversation, higher in literature, news, and dramatic contexts.
-
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> for mild dislike.
→
Using '싫어하다' (to dislike) or '못마땅해하다' (to disapprove).
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> signifies deep contempt, not casual dislike. Using it for minor issues sounds overly harsh.
-
Forgetting the object particle '를/을'.
→
Always include '를' or '을' after the object being despised.
The verb <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> requires a direct object. Example: '나는 그를 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했다</mark>.' (I despised him.)
-
Confusing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시하다</mark> (to ignore).
→
Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시하다</mark> for ignoring and <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> for despising.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>무시하다</mark> is about disregard, while <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> is about strong contempt and moral judgment.
-
Using the base form '<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark>' in a sentence.
→
Conjugate the verb according to tense and politeness level.
Sentences require conjugated verbs. Example: <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸합니다</mark> (formal present), <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했어</mark> (informal past).
-
Applying <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> to trivial matters or objects without symbolic meaning.
→
Use it for things or people that evoke a strong sense of moral disapproval or worthlessness.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> is reserved for significant negative judgments, not for minor inconveniences.
Tipps
Understand the Intensity
경멸하다 is a strong word. It's not just dislike; it's deep contempt. Use it when you mean 'to despise' or 'to scorn', not just 'to dislike'.
Object Marking is Key
Remember to always use the object marking particles '를' or '을' after the noun that is being despised. The structure is always [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다.
Avoid Overuse
Because it's a strong word, overuse can make your language sound harsh or insincere. Save 경멸하다 for situations where the contempt is genuine and significant.
Practice the 'Myeol' Sound
The syllable '멸' (myeol) can be tricky for learners. Practice saying it clearly, ensuring the 'm' sound is distinct and followed by the 'yeol' sound.
Synonym Awareness
Be aware of similar words like 업신여기다 and 멸시하다. While often interchangeable, they can have slight nuances in formality or intensity.
Literary and Dramatic Tool
You'll often encounter 경멸하다 in literature and dramas to portray characters' deep-seated negative feelings or societal critiques.
Passive Form: Be Despised
The passive form is 경멸받다 (to be despised). Use this when the subject is the recipient of the contempt.
Visual Association
Imagine a king looking down from a high throne with a disgusted expression. This visual can help you remember the meaning of contempt and looking down.
Cultural Nuance
While the emotion of contempt exists universally, direct expression can vary. In Korean culture, overt displays of 경멸하다 might be considered less polite than in some other cultures.
Sentence Building Practice
Create your own sentences using 경멸하다 in different tenses and politeness levels. This will solidify your understanding and usage.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine someone '경' (gyeong) - 'king' - who is so arrogant that they '멸' (myeol) - 'mellow' or 'melt' down anyone they deem inferior. They look down on everyone, treating them as insignificant.
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a king wearing a crown that's too big, looking down from a high throne with a disgusted expression at people crawling on the ground.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to use 경멸하다 in a sentence where you describe a character in a book or movie who shows this emotion towards another character. For example, 'The villain 경멸했습니다 the hero's optimism.'
Wortherkunft
The word 경멸하다 is derived from the Sino-Korean word 輕蔑 (gyeongmyeol). The character 輕 (gyeong) means 'light' or 'trivial', and the character 蔑 (myeol) means 'to look down on' or 'to slight'. Together, they literally suggest treating something as light or insignificant, thus looking down on it with disdain.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To look down on something as if it were light or trivial.
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)Kultureller Kontext
Using 경멸하다 requires careful consideration of the context. It is a strong word and should not be used lightly. In polite Korean society, expressing such intense negative emotion directly can be seen as rude or aggressive. It is more common in literature, dramatic narratives, or when discussing strong moral judgments.
In English, words like 'despise', 'scorn', 'loathe', and 'contempt' carry similar weight. The act of looking down on someone is a common trope across cultures to signify disdain.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Literary analysis and character study.
- The character <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸했습니다</mark> their rival.
- His <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하는</mark> attitude was evident.
- The novel explored themes of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contempt</mark>.
- She felt <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contempt</mark> for his actions.
News reports and social commentary on scandals or unethical behavior.
- The public <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>despised</mark> the politician's corruption.
- His actions were <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>scorned</mark> by society.
- Calls for <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contempt</mark> towards the perpetrators.
- The scandal led to widespread <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>disdain</mark>.
Discussions about moral philosophy or ethics.
- We should not <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>despise</mark> those who are different.
- The concept of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contempt</mark> in ethics.
- Is it ever justifiable to <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>scorn</mark> another's beliefs?
- The dangers of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>holding contempt</mark>.
Personal anecdotes about strong negative experiences.
- I felt utterly <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>despised</mark> by him.
- His <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contemptuous</mark> tone hurt me.
- I will never <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>despise</mark> him again.
- The feeling of being <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>scorned</mark> is hard to forget.
Depicting villainous characters or their motivations.
- The villain <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>despised</mark> the hero's goodness.
- His <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>contempt</mark> for humanity fueled his actions.
- She <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>scorned</mark> the idea of compromise.
- A deep-seated <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>disdain</mark> for weakness.
Gesprächseinstiege
"Have you ever felt such strong contempt for someone's actions that you used the word 경멸하다?"
"In what kind of situations do you think it's appropriate to despise something or someone?"
"Can you think of a character in a movie or book who strongly despised another character? What was the reason?"
"What's the difference between disliking something and truly despising it?"
"When discussing social issues, what kinds of behaviors might lead people to scorn others?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Describe a time you witnessed someone showing extreme contempt towards another person or situation. How did it make you feel?
Reflect on a time you might have felt contempt for a particular belief system or ideology. What were your reasons for feeling that way?
Write about a fictional character who embodies the act of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark>. What motivates their contempt?
Consider the consequences of widespread contempt in society. What are the potential negative impacts?
Think about the opposite of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>경멸하다</mark> - respect or admiration. How does cultivating these positive emotions change our interactions and perspectives?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 Fragen경멸하다 comes from Sino-Korean characters 輕 (gyeong - light, trivial) and 蔑 (myeol - to look down on, slight). So, it literally means to treat something as light or trivial, implying a lack of value and thus contempt.
No, 경멸하다 is not typically used in casual, everyday conversation among friends or family unless the situation is very serious and involves strong moral judgment. It's a strong word reserved for expressing profound contempt.
Both words mean to despise or look down on someone. 경멸하다 might imply a deeper moral judgment and a sense of the object's utter worthlessness, while 업신여기다 can sometimes focus more on the act of looking down from a position of perceived superiority.
Yes, it can be used for inanimate objects if they symbolize something that is deeply despised, such as corruption, deceit, or worthlessness. For example, one might 경멸하다 a fake luxury item as a symbol of dishonesty.
The past tense is formed by adding '-었-' or '-았-' to the verb stem and conjugating according to politeness level. For example, 경멸하다 becomes 경멸했습니다 (formal polite past) or 경멸했어 (informal past).
The noun form is 경멸 (gyeongmyeol), meaning 'contempt' or 'scorn'. Another related noun is 경멸감 (gyeongmyeolgam), meaning 'feeling of contempt'.
Yes, it is a very strong word. It signifies a deep and intense feeling of dislike, disdain, and moral judgment. It is much stronger than simply disliking or disapproving of something.
Yes, one can 경멸하다 oneself, for instance, due to shame over past actions or perceived flaws. Example: '그는 자신의 나약함을 경멸했다.' (He despised his own weakness.)
The most direct opposites are verbs like 존경하다 (to respect, admire), 칭찬하다 (to praise), and 사랑하다 (to love).
You would identify the bad person as the object and use the verb. For example: '나는 그 악당을 경멸합니다.' (I despise that villain.)
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Summary
경멸하다 means to despise or scorn, indicating a deep sense of contempt and moral judgment, often stemming from a feeling of superiority.
- Strong feeling of contempt.
- Looking down on someone/something.
- Implies moral judgment.
- Used for serious disapproval.
Understand the Intensity
경멸하다 is a strong word. It's not just dislike; it's deep contempt. Use it when you mean 'to despise' or 'to scorn', not just 'to dislike'.
Object Marking is Key
Remember to always use the object marking particles '를' or '을' after the noun that is being despised. The structure is always [Object] + 를/을 + 경멸하다.
Avoid Overuse
Because it's a strong word, overuse can make your language sound harsh or insincere. Save 경멸하다 for situations where the contempt is genuine and significant.
Practice the 'Myeol' Sound
The syllable '멸' (myeol) can be tricky for learners. Practice saying it clearly, ensuring the 'm' sound is distinct and followed by the 'yeol' sound.
Beispiel
그는 거짓말하는 사람을 경멸한다.
Verwandte Inhalte
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받아들이다
A2Akzeptieren, annehmen, aufnehmen.
아파하다
A2Schmerz oder Kummer empfinden (oft bei Dritten beobachtet).
감탄스럽다
A2Seine Ausdauer während des Marathons war wirklich bewundernswert.
감탄
A2Admiration or marvel; a feeling of wonder.
감탄하다
A2Bewundern oder staunen; seine Bewunderung für etwas Außergewöhnliches oder Schönes ausdrücken.
기특하다
B1Lobenswert für eine gute Tat oder einen reifen Gedanken.
충고
B1Ratschläge oder Empfehlungen, die im Hinblick auf kluges zukünftiges Handeln angeboten werden; aufrichtiger Rat.
애정
B1Zuneigung; ein sanftes Gefühl der Vorliebe oder des Mögens.
애틋하다
B2Ihre zärtliche und wehmütige Liebe berührte alle.
살갑다
B22