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A1 noun Neutral #1,000 am häufigsten 3 Min. Lesezeit

有限

Limited; finite (e.g., time).

youxian /joʊ.ɕjɛn/
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Overview

The Chinese word '有限' (yǒuxiàn) is an adjective that translates to 'limited' or 'finite' in English. It's a versatile term used to describe situations, resources, time, or capabilities that have a defined boundary or a restricted quantity.

Components and Meaning:

  • 有 (yǒu): This character means 'to have' or 'there is/are'.
  • 限 (xiàn): This character means 'limit', 'bound', or 'restriction'.

Combined, '有限' literally means 'to have a limit' or 'there is a limit'.

Usage and Contexts:

  1. 1Time (时间有限 - shíjiān yǒuxiàn): This is one of the most common applications. When someone says '时间有限', they mean that there's not much time available, and it's running out. For example, '我们的时间有限，必须尽快完成任务' (Wǒmen de shíjiān yǒuxiàn, bìxū jǐnkuài wánchéng rènwù) - 'Our time is limited, we must complete the task as soon as possible.'
  1. 1Resources (资源有限 - zīyuán yǒuxiàn): This refers to a scarcity of resources, whether natural, financial, or human. For instance, '地球的自然资源是有限的' (Dìqiú de zìrán zīyuán shì yǒuxiàn de) - 'The Earth's natural resources are limited.' Or, '公司的预算有限' (Gōngsī de yùsuàn yǒuxiàn) - 'The company's budget is limited.'
  1. 1Space (空间有限 - kōngjiān yǒuxiàn): Used to describe a restricted area or capacity. '这个房间的空间有限，不能放太多东西' (Zhège fángjiān de kōngjiān yǒuxiàn, bùnéng fàng tài duō dōngxi) - 'The space in this room is limited, so you can't put too many things in it.'
  1. 1Ability/Capacity (能力有限 - nénglì yǒuxiàn): When someone acknowledges their own limitations or the limitations of a system or tool. '我的能力有限，可能帮不了你太多' (Wǒ de nénglì yǒuxiàn, kěnéng bāng bù liǎo nǐ tài duō) - 'My ability is limited, I might not be able to help you much.'
  1. 1Scope/Range (范围有限 - fànwéi yǒuxiàn): To indicate that something only applies to a certain extent or within certain boundaries. '这个优惠只在有限的时间内有效' (Zhège yōuhuì zhǐ zài yǒuxiàn de shíjiān nèi yǒuxiào) - 'This discount is only valid for a limited time.'
  1. 1Knowledge/Experience (知识/经验有限 - zhīshi/jīngyàn yǒuxiàn): Expressing that one's understanding or experience is not comprehensive. '我对这方面的知识有限' (Wǒ duì zhè fāngmiàn de zhīshi yǒuxiàn) - 'My knowledge in this area is limited.'

Antonym:

The direct antonym for '有限' is '无限' (wúxiàn), meaning 'unlimited' or 'infinite'.

Common Phrases and Expressions:

  • 有限责任 (yǒuxiàn zérèn): Limited liability (a common legal term).
  • 有限合伙 (yǒuxiàn héhuǒ): Limited partnership.
  • 有限元 (yǒuxiànyuán): Finite element (in engineering/mathematics).
  • 有限的生命 (yǒuxiàn de shēngmìng): A finite life.

Understanding '有限' is crucial for grasping the nuances of expressing limitations and scarcity in various Chinese contexts. Its usage is straightforward, generally following the pattern of 'noun + 有限' or '有限 + noun' (as an adjective modifying the noun).

Beispiele

1

这是一个人有限的生命中，所能达到的最高的成就了。

life, achievement

This is the highest achievement one can attain in a limited lifetime.

2

公司资源有限，我们必须优先考虑最重要的项目。

resources, priorities

Company resources are limited, so we must prioritize the most important projects.

3

他的知识面很广，但精力毕竟有限。

knowledge, energy

His knowledge is vast, but his energy is finite after all.

4

时间有限，我们得抓紧了。

time, urgency

Time is limited, we need to hurry.

5

这次活动的参与人数有限，请尽快报名。

event, participants

The number of participants for this event is limited, please sign up as soon as possible.

Häufige Kollokationen

时间有限
数量有限
资源有限
能力有限

Wird oft verwechselt mit

有限 vs. 有限公司
The difference is that '有限公司' means 'limited company' while '有限' means 'limited; finite (e.g., time)'.

Grammatikmuster

有限 + Noun (e.g., 时间有限 (time is limited)) 对...有限制 (to have restrictions on...) 数量有限 (limited quantity)

So verwendest du es

Nutzungshinweise

The term '有限' (yǒuxiàn) is a versatile adjective used to describe something that has boundaries, constraints, or a definite end. It can modify various nouns, indicating a quantifiable or qualitative limitation. Common collocations include '有限的时间' (yǒuxiàn de shíjiān - limited time), '有限的资源' (yǒuxiàn de zīyuán - limited resources), '有限的空间' (yǒuxiàn de kōngjiān - limited space), and '有限的知识' (yǒuxiàn de zhīshi - limited knowledge). When used to describe a person's ability or capacity, it often implies a modest or humble acknowledgment of one's boundaries, for example, '我的能力有限' (wǒ de nénglì yǒuxiàn - my ability is limited). It can also be used in more formal or technical contexts, such as '有限责任公司' (yǒuxiàn zérèn gōngsī - limited liability company). While generally neutral, depending on the context, it can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation, highlighting a deficiency or insufficiency. However, it can also be used positively, as in '有限的进步' (yǒuxiàn de jìnbù - limited but still progress), emphasizing that even small advancements are valuable.

Häufige Fehler

A common mistake might be confusing '有限' (yǒuxiàn) with '无限' (wúxiàn), which means 'unlimited' or 'infinite.' Remember that '有' indicates presence or existence, while '无' (wú) indicates absence or non-existence.

Tipps

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Usage Contexts for '有限' (yǒu xiàn)

'有限' is an adjective meaning 'limited' or 'finite'. It can describe a variety of things such as resources, time, space, ability, or scope. It often implies a constraint or a boundary. For example, you might say '时间有限' (shí jiān yǒu xiàn) to mean 'time is limited', or '资源有限' (zī yuán yǒu xiàn) for 'limited resources'.
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Common Mistakes and Nuances with '有限'

One common mistake is to confuse '有限' with '少量' (shǎo liàng), which means 'small quantity'. While both can imply scarcity, '有限' emphasizes the existence of a boundary or limit, whereas '少量' simply refers to a small amount. For instance, '有限的经验' (yǒu xiàn de jīng yàn) means 'limited experience' (implying a boundary on one's experience), while '少量经验' would sound less natural in most contexts. Also, be mindful of the tone; '有限' can sometimes carry a slightly negative or restrictive connotation, especially when discussing resources or opportunities.
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Expanding Your Vocabulary with Synonyms and Antonyms of '有限'

**Synonyms:** * **局限 (jú xiàn):** This word also means 'limited' or 'restricted', often implying a constraint or a narrow scope. Example: '他的眼界很局限' (tā de yǎn jiè hěn jú xiàn) - 'His horizons are very limited.' * **限制 (xiàn zhì):** This is both a verb and a noun meaning 'to limit' or 'restriction'. As an adjective, it can be used similarly to '有限' in some contexts, but '有限' is more commonly used as a direct adjective. Example: '受到限制' (shòu dào xiàn zhì) - 'to be restricted.' **Antonyms:** * **无限 (wú xiàn):** This means 'unlimited' or 'infinite'. It is the direct opposite of '有限'. Example: '无限可能' (wú xiàn kě néng) - 'infinite possibilities.' * **丰富 (fēng fù):** This means 'abundant' or 'rich'. While not a direct antonym of 'limited' in every context, it represents the opposite of scarcity that '有限' can sometimes imply. Example: '资源丰富' (zī yuán fēng fù) - 'abundant resources.'

Wortherkunft

The word '有限' (yǒu xiàn) is composed of two characters: '有' (yǒu) and '限' (xiàn). '有' (yǒu) is an ancient character with a rich history. Its earliest forms can be traced back to oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, where it depicted a hand holding meat, symbolizing possession or existence. Over time, its meaning evolved to encompass 'to have,' 'there is/are,' 'to exist,' and 'possess.' It is a fundamental character in Chinese and appears in countless words and phrases. '限' (xiàn) also has ancient roots. Its original meaning was related to 'boundary,' 'limit,' or 'frontier.' The character itself often features components that suggest a boundary or a demarcation. It can be found in early texts referring to geographical limits or restrictions. As the language developed, '限' came to denote 'to restrict,' 'to limit,' or 'a set limit.' When combined, '有限' literally means 'to have limits' or 'there are limits.' This combination effectively conveys the modern meaning of 'limited' or 'finite.' The concept of limitations and boundaries has been significant in Chinese philosophy and daily life for centuries, making this a very natural and intuitive formation of meaning. The word succinctly captures the idea of something that is not endless or infinite, whether it be time, resources, or capacity.

Kultureller Kontext

The word '有限' (yǒuxiàn) in Chinese directly translates to 'limited' or 'finite.' Its cultural understanding often intertwines with philosophical and practical aspects of life. In Chinese culture, there's a strong emphasis on the cyclical nature of time and resources, which makes the concept of 'limited' quite salient. For instance, the traditional agricultural society deeply understood the finite nature of growing seasons and natural resources. This awareness fosters a sense of prudence, conservation, and making the most of what is available. Furthermore, in the context of personal life and relationships, 'limited time' (有限的时间) often evokes a sentiment of cherishing moments with loved ones, reflecting the value placed on family bonds and interpersonal connections. It can also subtly allude to the transient nature of life itself, encouraging individuals to live meaningfully and without regret. This cultural context often leads to expressions of valuing present opportunities and being mindful of future implications, reinforcing a balanced approach to life's constraints.

Merkhilfe

The character '有' (yǒu) means 'to have' or 'there is.' The character '限' (xiàn) means 'limit' or 'bound.' So, '有限' literally means 'to have limits' or 'there are limits,' which conveys the meaning of limited or finite.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen
'有限' (yǒuxiàn) is a Chinese word that translates to 'limited' or 'finite' in English. It describes something that has bounds, restrictions, or a specific extent, whether in terms of quantity, time, space, or resources. It implies that something is not endless or inexhaustible.
'有限' is often used as an adjective before a noun to describe its constrained nature. For example, '时间有限' (shíjiān yǒuxiàn) means 'time is limited,' '资源有限' (zīyuán yǒuxiàn) means 'resources are limited,' or '能力有限' (nénglì yǒuxiàn) means 'ability is limited.' It can also be part of a larger phrase to express a restriction.
Certainly. A common example is: "我们的时间有限，所以请大家抓紧完成任务。" (Wǒmen de shíjiān yǒuxiàn, suǒyǐ qǐng dàjiā zhuājǐn wánchéng rènwù.) This translates to: "Our time is limited, so please everyone hurry to complete the task." Another example could be: "这部电影的票数有限，请尽快购买。" (Zhè bù diànyǐng de piàoshù yǒuxiàn, qǐng jìnkuài gòumǎi.) Meaning: "The tickets for this movie are limited, please purchase them as soon as possible."
Some synonyms for '有限' include '有尽' (yǒujìn), which also means finite, and sometimes '局限' (júxiàn), implying limitation or restriction. As for antonyms, '无限' (wúxiàn) is the direct opposite, meaning 'unlimited' or 'infinite.' Other antonyms could include '无穷' (wúqióng), meaning endless or inexhaustible, and '广大' (guǎngdà), which implies vastness or expansiveness.

Teste dich selbst

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我们的时间是_____的，所以要好好利用。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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在资源_____的情况下，我们需要更有效地规划。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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他的知识面很广，但精力却是_____的。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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