B1 · متوسط فصل 42

Prepositional Suffixes (Applicatives)

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of integrating relationships directly into your Amharic verbs for fluid, natural speech.

  • Construct verbs that include 'for' someone using the -ll- suffix.
  • Integrate locative or negative relational meaning using the -bb- suffix.
  • Apply these applicatives to common daily verbs to save time and increase fluency.
Merge prepositions and verbs for native-level fluency.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Adding '-llät' and '-bbät' to verbs. These suffixes incorporate 'for him' or 'with it' into the verb itself.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use -ll- to express actions done for someone else, like 'he bought for me' (ገዛልኝ).
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Use -bb- to describe actions occurring on or against someone, like 'he is angry with me' (ተቆጣብኝ).

نکات و ترفندها (1)

💡

Listen for the 'l'

Whenever you hear a verb ending in 'l-something', it's likely a benefactive. Train your ears to catch that 'l' sound.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Benefactive Suffix (-ll-)

واژگان کلیدی (5)

ገዛ bought ተቆጣ got angry መጣ came ነገረ told ሳቀ laughed

Real-World Preview

shopping-cart

Helping a Friend

Review Summary

  • Verb + ll + object_pronoun
  • Verb + bb + object_pronoun

اشتباهات رایج

You cannot use a separate pronoun after the suffix; the suffix already contains the person.

Wrong: ገዛል እኔ
صحیح: ገዛልኝ

Applicative suffixes replace the need for prepositions like 'for' or 'to'.

Wrong: ተቆጣ ለእኔ
صحیح: ተቆጣብኝ

Confusing the benefactive and malefactive suffixes changes the entire meaning of the sentence.

Wrong: መጣብኝ (for a gift)
صحیح: መጣልኝ

Next Steps

You have mastered a very unique part of the Amharic language. Keep practicing and your speech will sound more natural every day!

Listen to Amharic dialogue and identify -ll- and -bb- suffixes.

Continue to: Infinitive and Verbal Nouns

تمرین سریع (6)

Correct the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

እሷ ጻፍልኝ።

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: እሷ ጻፈችልኝ
The verb must agree with the subject 'እሷ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Benefactive Suffix (-ll-)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

መኪናው ተበላሸልኝ (when it broke down).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ተበላሸብኝ
Malefactive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Malefactive/Locative Suffix (-bb-)

Fill in the blank.

መኪናው ተበላሸ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ብኝ
Malefactive suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Malefactive/Locative Suffix (-bb-)

Choose the correct suffix.

እሱ ወንበሩ ላይ ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ተቀመጠበት
Locative suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Malefactive/Locative Suffix (-bb-)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ገዛልኝ
Redundancy is avoided.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Benefactive Suffix (-ll-)

Fill in the blank with the correct benefactive suffix.

እሱ መጽሐፍ ____ (bought for me).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ገዛልኝ
The context is 'for me', so -ኝ is needed.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Benefactive Suffix (-ll-)

Score: /6

سوالات رایج (4)

Almost all. It is highly productive, though some verbs might have specific stem changes.
It comes from the preposition 'ለ' (for).
It means 'on', 'to', or 'against'.
Use it for location or when something bad happens to you.
فصل قبلی
Compound Tenses
فصل بعدی
Infinitive and Verbal Nouns
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