B2 noun #2,904 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

coalition

Imagine you and your friends want to build a big sandcastle. It's hard to do alone!

So, you all join together. You work as a team.

This team, working together for the sandcastle, is like a coalition.

It's when different groups or people come together for one special thing.

They work together to reach a shared goal, like building the best sandcastle!

A coalition is like a team.

It's when different groups, like political parties or countries, come together.

They join to work on one thing, like winning a game or passing a rule.

It's often for a short time, just until they finish their task.

A coalition is like a team formed by different groups, such as political parties or even countries. They come together for a specific reason, like achieving a particular goal or winning an election.

This alliance is often temporary, meaning it lasts only until their shared objective is met. For example, several political parties might form a coalition to gain enough power to pass a new law.

A coalition, fundamentally a strategic amalgamation, denotes a confluence of disparate entities—be they political factions, sovereign states, or even ideological movements—coalescing to attain a mutually beneficial objective.

This synergistic alignment, whilst potent in its collective leverage, is frequently characterized by its inherent ephemerality, often dissolving once its raison d'être is fulfilled.

It's a testament to pragmatic collaboration, where individual agendas are momentarily subsumed by a superordinate aim, facilitating the navigation of complex socio-political landscapes or the promulgation of specific legislative outcomes.

The efficacy of such an alliance hinges critically on the sustained alignment of interests and the adept management of internal dissonances that inevitably arise within its heterogeneous composition.

coalition در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • temporary alliance
  • groups united for a goal
  • political or national partnership

§ What does it mean?

DEFINITION
A coalition is a group of people, political parties, or countries that join together to achieve a specific goal. It usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, such as winning an election or passing a law.

The word "coalition" describes a coming together of different entities to work towards a common objective. This joining can be seen in various contexts, from political landscapes to social movements and even international relations. The key characteristic of a coalition is its often temporary nature, formed to address a particular issue or achieve a specific aim, after which it may dissolve.

Think of a coalition as a temporary team. Imagine several sports teams that usually compete against each other, but for one special tournament, they decide to combine their best players to form a super-team to win a trophy. Once the tournament is over, they go back to being separate competing teams. This is a good analogy for how a coalition works: different groups, with their own interests, unite for a common, often time-limited, purpose.

§ When do people use it?

The term "coalition" is most frequently used in political discourse, particularly when discussing governments or elections. In countries with multi-party systems, it's common for no single party to win an outright majority in an election. In such cases, two or more parties might form a government together, creating a "coalition government." This allows them to pool their resources and votes to form a stable administration and pass laws.

The two smaller parties formed a coalition to gain a majority in parliament.

Beyond politics, "coalition" can also describe alliances between countries. During times of war or international crisis, several nations might form a military coalition to address a shared threat. For instance, the Gulf War saw a large international coalition formed to push Iraqi forces out of Kuwait.

An international coalition was assembled to provide humanitarian aid to the war-torn region.

The word is also applicable in social and advocacy contexts. Various non-profit organizations or activist groups might form a coalition to lobby for a particular cause, such as environmental protection or human rights. By working together, they can amplify their message and exert more influence than they could individually.

A broad coalition of environmental groups protested the new factory.

Here are some key characteristics of coalitions:

  • Common Goal: All members of a coalition share at least one overriding objective.
  • Temporary: Many coalitions are formed for a specific duration or until a goal is achieved.
  • Diverse Membership: Coalitions often bring together groups with different backgrounds, ideologies, or interests, united by their common goal.
  • Mutual Benefit: Members join a coalition because they believe it will help them achieve their aims more effectively than working alone.

Understanding "coalition" is essential for comprehending how power dynamics work in politics, international relations, and social movements. It highlights the strategic formation of temporary partnerships to overcome obstacles and achieve shared ambitions that might be impossible for individual entities to accomplish on their own.

§ Understanding 'Coalition'

The word coalition is a noun and refers to a temporary alliance or union of different groups, parties, or states for a specific purpose. It's often used in political contexts but can also apply to other situations where groups come together to achieve a shared objective. The temporary nature of a coalition is a key characteristic; once the goal is achieved, the coalition may dissolve.

Meaning
A group of people, political parties, or countries that join together to achieve a specific goal. It usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, such as winning an election or passing a law.

§ Common Prepositions with 'Coalition'

When using coalition in a sentence, you'll often find it paired with certain prepositions that help clarify the relationship between the coalition and other elements in the sentence. Here are some of the most common ones:

  • A coalition of: This is used to indicate the members or groups that form the coalition.
  • A coalition between: This is used when specifying two or more distinct entities that have formed the coalition.
  • A coalition with: Similar to 'between', this emphasizes the act of joining forces with another group.
  • A coalition for: This preposition is used to state the purpose or goal of the coalition.
  • In coalition with: This phrase implies that one entity is operating alongside another as part of a coalition.

§ Sentence Examples

The opposition parties formed a coalition to challenge the ruling government.

In this example, 'to challenge' specifies the purpose of the coalition.

A coalition of environmental groups protested the new factory construction.

Here, 'of environmental groups' indicates the members comprising the coalition.

The two companies formed a coalition between them to develop new technology.

This sentence uses 'between' to highlight the two entities involved in the coalition.

The mayor worked in coalition with community leaders to address local issues.

The phrase 'in coalition with' shows a collaborative effort.

Building a strong coalition for climate action is crucial for our future.

Here, 'for climate action' states the specific cause or goal the coalition is working towards.

§ Grammatical Considerations

As a noun, coalition can be singular or plural. When referring to a single alliance, it takes singular verb forms. When discussing multiple alliances, it takes plural verb forms.

  • Singular: The coalition was formed last week.
  • Plural: Several coalitions are working on similar issues.

It's important to ensure subject-verb agreement when using coalition in your sentences.

§ Where you actually hear this word — work, school, news

The word "coalition" is frequently encountered in various contexts, especially in discussions about politics, international relations, and even sometimes in business or community organizing. Understanding where and how this word is used will greatly enhance your comprehension when you come across it in your daily life.

§ In the News

News reports are one of the most common places to hear the word "coalition." It's almost always used in political contexts, referring to alliances between different political parties or countries. You'll often see headlines or hear news anchors discussing:

  • Government Coalitions: In many parliamentary systems, no single party wins an outright majority, so several parties form a governing coalition to ensure they have enough votes to pass laws and form a government.
  • International Coalitions: Countries often form coalitions to address global issues like climate change, terrorism, or humanitarian crises. These can be military coalitions, economic coalitions, or diplomatic alliances.
  • Campaign Coalitions: During elections, different groups or parties might form a coalition to support a particular candidate or platform.

The three smaller parties formed a coalition government after the election results.

An international coalition of countries has pledged to provide aid to the affected region.

§ At Work

While less frequent than in news, "coalition" can appear in professional settings, particularly in:

  • Non-profit and Advocacy Groups: These organizations often form coalitions with other groups that share similar goals to amplify their voice and achieve greater impact on social or environmental issues.
  • Business Partnerships: Sometimes businesses might form a temporary coalition to bid on a large project, develop a new product, or enter a new market, pooling their resources and expertise.
  • Internal Company Projects: In large companies, different departments might form an internal "coalition" or task force to tackle a specific cross-departmental project that requires collaboration from various teams.

The environmental organizations formed a powerful coalition to lobby for stricter regulations.

§ At School

In an academic environment, you might encounter "coalition" in subjects like:

  • History and Political Science: Studying historical events often involves learning about political or military coalitions that shaped outcomes. In political science, the term is central to understanding government formation and international relations.
  • Sociology: Discussions about social movements or community organizing might involve the formation of coalitions among different community groups.

The textbook described the various wartime coalitions and their impact on the global conflict.

DEFINITION
A coalition is a group of people, political parties, or countries that join together to achieve a specific goal. It usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, such as winning an election or passing a law.

By being aware of these contexts, you'll be better equipped to understand the nuances of "coalition" when it appears in your readings, conversations, or news consumption. It's a powerful word that signifies unity and collaboration, even if temporary, to achieve a common objective.

§ Common Mistakes with "Coalition"

The word "coalition" is a powerful and useful term, especially in discussions about politics, international relations, and group dynamics. However, learners often make a few common mistakes when using it. Understanding these pitfalls can help you use "coalition" more accurately and effectively.

§ Mistake 1: Confusing "Coalition" with a General "Group" or "Team"

DEFINITION
A coalition is a group of people, political parties, or countries that join together to achieve a specific goal. It usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, such as winning an election or passing a law.

While a coalition is indeed a type of group, it's more specific. Not every group of people working together is a coalition. The key characteristic of a coalition is its formation for a specific, often temporary, purpose, bringing together distinct entities that might otherwise have different agendas. A regular work team or a casual social group wouldn't typically be called a coalition.

Incorrect: The marketing team formed a coalition to launch the new product.

Correct: The political parties formed a coalition to push for electoral reform.

§ Mistake 2: Overlooking the "Temporary" Aspect

The definition highlights that a coalition "usually refers to a temporary alliance." While some coalitions can last a long time, the inherent nature of a coalition often suggests a coming together for a specific period or until a particular goal is achieved. Using "coalition" for a permanent, unified entity might be inaccurate.

Incorrect: The United Nations is a global coalition of countries.

While the UN involves countries joining together, it's a permanent international organization with a broad mandate, not typically referred to as a temporary coalition. A more accurate term might be an alliance or organization.

Correct: Several environmental groups formed a coalition to protest the new logging bill.

§ Mistake 3: Incorrect Prepositions

Choosing the right preposition to go with "coalition" can sometimes be tricky. Common prepositions used with "coalition" include "with," "between," and "of."

  • Coalition with: Used when one entity forms a coalition with another.
  • Coalition between: Used when describing a coalition involving two or more specific entities.
  • Coalition of: Used to describe the components that make up the coalition.

Incorrect: The party formed a coalition for the Green Party.

Correct: The party formed a coalition with the Green Party.

Correct: A coalition between the two major parties was necessary.

Correct: The coalition of various student organizations achieved their goal.

§ Mistake 4: Using "Coalition" as a Verb

"Coalition" is a noun. It refers to the alliance itself, not the act of forming one. There is no verb form "to coalition." If you want to describe the action, you would use verbs like "to form a coalition," "to join a coalition," or "to coalesce" (which means to come together to form one mass or whole).

Incorrect: The parties decided to coalition for the upcoming election.

Correct: The parties decided to form a coalition for the upcoming election.

Correct: The various factions coalesced around a common platform.

§ Mistake 5: Misunderstanding the Implication of Shared Goals

A coalition is formed *to achieve a specific goal*. This means there's a common objective that brings the diverse members together. Misusing the word can happen if you describe a situation where groups are merely coexisting or interacting without a defined shared objective for their alliance.

Incorrect: The different departments of the company are a coalition.

While departments work together, they are part of a single organization with overarching goals, not distinct entities temporarily allied for a specific, often external, objective. They are more akin to components of a larger structure.

Correct: Several activist groups, despite their individual differences, formed a coalition to lobby for climate change legislation.

By being mindful of these common mistakes, you can use "coalition" with greater precision and confidence, enriching your vocabulary and making your communication clearer and more impactful.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

"The two nations formed a strategic alliance to counter the growing threat in the region."

خنثی

"A group of concerned citizens gathered to discuss solutions for the community's problems."

غیر رسمی

"The local businesses decided on a team-up to organize the annual summer festival."

Child friendly

"All the friends decided on working together to build the biggest sandcastle on the beach."

عامیانه

"The whole crew got together to plan the surprise party for their buddy."

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

The small parties formed a coalition to win the election.

Several small parties joined forces to try and win the election together.

Here, 'coalition' is a noun and the subject of the sentence.

2

The two groups made a coalition to help the environment.

Two different groups came together to work on environmental issues.

Again, 'coalition' is a noun and the object of 'made'.

3

They hoped their coalition would make things better.

They hoped that by working together, they could improve the situation.

'Coalition' is a noun and the subject of the clause 'their coalition would make things better'.

4

The countries formed a coalition for peace.

Different countries joined together to try and create peace.

'Coalition' is a noun and the object of 'formed'.

5

It was a strong coalition of many different people.

Many different people came together to form a powerful group.

'Coalition' is a noun and the object of the preposition 'of'.

6

The leader built a coalition to pass the new law.

The leader brought people together to get a new law approved.

'Coalition' is a noun and the object of 'built'.

7

The schools created a coalition to share resources.

Different schools worked together to share their supplies and help each other.

'Coalition' is a noun and the object of 'created'.

8

They joined the coalition to fight poverty.

They became part of the group that was working to end poverty.

'Coalition' is a noun and the object of 'joined'.

1

The two small parties formed a coalition to win the election.

Dua partai kecil membentuk koalisi untuk memenangkan pemilihan.

2

A coalition of environmental groups worked to protect the forest.

Koalisi kelompok lingkungan bekerja untuk melindungi hutan.

3

The government is a coalition of three different parties.

Pemerintah adalah koalisi dari tiga partai yang berbeda.

4

They hope to form a strong coalition to address the problem.

Mereka berharap membentuk koalisi yang kuat untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut.

5

The coalition agreement was signed by all members.

Perjanjian koalisi ditandatangani oleh semua anggota.

6

The leader worked hard to build a coalition of support.

Pemimpin bekerja keras untuk membangun koalisi dukungan.

7

A new coalition was formed to create peace in the region.

Koalisi baru dibentuk untuk menciptakan perdamaian di wilayah tersebut.

8

The company joined a business coalition to share ideas.

Perusahaan bergabung dengan koalisi bisnis untuk berbagi ide.

1

The two smaller parties formed a coalition to gain a majority in parliament.

Two smaller parties created an alliance to win more seats in the government.

A coalition 'forms' or 'is formed'.

2

The environmental groups created a broad coalition to protest the new factory.

Many environmental groups came together to oppose the new factory.

A coalition can be 'created' or 'built'.

3

Without a strong coalition, the bill is unlikely to pass through congress.

If there's no strong alliance, the law probably won't be approved by government.

A coalition can be described as 'strong' or 'weak'.

4

The different departments formed a coalition to share resources and ideas.

Different work groups joined forces to share things and thoughts.

A coalition can be formed by various groups, not just political ones.

5

The peace talks aimed to establish a new coalition government after the conflict.

The discussions for peace wanted to set up a new combined government after the fighting.

A 'coalition government' is a common term for a government formed by multiple parties.

6

The company joined a business coalition to lobby for changes in trade policy.

The company became part of a business alliance to influence new trade rules.

To 'join' a coalition means to become a member.

7

Their coalition fell apart due to disagreements over funding.

Their alliance broke up because they couldn't agree on money.

A coalition can 'fall apart' or 'break up'.

8

The international coalition worked together to provide aid to the disaster zone.

The global alliance collaborated to give help to the area affected by the disaster.

An 'international coalition' refers to countries or organizations working together globally.

1

The two smaller parties formed a coalition to gain a majority in parliament, allowing them to pass their proposed legislation.

連合、連立

form a coalition: 連立を組む

2

The international coalition launched a joint military operation to restore peace in the war-torn region.

国際的な連合

international coalition: 国際連合

3

Facing a common economic challenge, several nations forged a coalition to negotiate more favorable trade agreements.

提携、同盟

forge a coalition: 連合を築く

4

The environmental activists created a broad coalition of community groups to protest the construction of the new factory.

幅広い連合

broad coalition: 幅広い連合

5

Despite their differing ideologies, the parties managed to maintain a fragile coalition for the duration of the crisis.

不安定な連立

fragile coalition: 脆弱な連合

6

The company joined a coalition of businesses aiming to develop sustainable practices within their industry.

企業連合

coalition of businesses: 企業連合

7

The lack of a strong coalition among opposition parties made it difficult to challenge the incumbent government effectively.

連合の欠如

lack of a coalition: 連合の欠如

8

The success of the peace talks depended heavily on the stability and commitment of the various factions within the coalition.

連立内の派閥

factions within the coalition: 連合内の派閥

1

The disparate opposition parties, recognizing the urgency of the economic crisis, forged an unlikely coalition to challenge the incumbent government.

Diverse opposition parties formed an unexpected alliance to oppose the current government.

Here, 'forged' is used to convey the active and deliberate creation of the coalition.

2

Despite ideological differences, the two nations entered into a military coalition to counter the rising threat of regional instability.

Even with different beliefs, the two countries formed a military alliance to deal with increasing regional problems.

'Entered into' is a formal way to express the formation of an agreement or alliance.

3

The environmental activists formed a broad coalition with local community groups to protest the proposed factory expansion.

Environmental activists joined with local groups to protest the factory expansion.

'Broad coalition' emphasizes the wide range of groups involved.

4

Negotiations for a post-election coalition government proved arduous, with several parties vying for key ministerial positions.

Forming a new government after the election was difficult, as many parties wanted important roles.

'Vying for' means competing strongly for something.

5

The ad-hoc coalition of scientists and policymakers released a joint statement advocating for urgent climate action.

The temporary group of scientists and politicians issued a statement asking for immediate climate action.

'Ad-hoc' signifies that the coalition was formed for a specific, immediate purpose and not planned in advance.

6

The humanitarian organizations formed a powerful coalition to deliver aid to the war-torn region, coordinating their efforts for maximum impact.

Aid organizations teamed up to send help to the war zone, working together for the best results.

'Coordinating their efforts' highlights the organized nature of the coalition's work.

7

The new legislation was the result of a delicate coalition between conservative and progressive factions within the ruling party.

The new law came from a careful agreement between different groups in the ruling party.

'Delicate coalition' implies that the alliance was fragile and required careful management due to differing views.

8

Without a stable coalition, the parliamentary system often experiences political deadlock and frequent changes in leadership.

If there's no strong alliance, the parliament often gets stuck and leaders change often.

'Political deadlock' refers to a situation where progress is stalled due to disagreement among political parties.

مترادف‌ها

alliance union partnership league association federation

متضادها

ترکیب‌های رایج

form a coalition dẫn đến thành lập một liên minh
join a coalition tham gia một liên minh
coalition government chính phủ liên hiệp
broad coalition liên minh rộng rãi
fragile coalition liên minh mong manh
coalition forces lực lượng liên quân
ruling coalition liên minh cầm quyền
grand coalition đại liên minh
international coalition liên minh quốc tế
political coalition liên minh chính trị

عبارات رایج

a coalition of interests

một liên minh của các lợi ích

in a coalition with

trong một liên minh với

to build a coalition

để xây dựng một liên minh

the collapse of the coalition

sự sụp đổ của liên minh

leading a coalition

dẫn đầu một liên minh

a coalition agreement

một thỏa thuận liên minh

negotiate a coalition

đàm phán một liên minh

a coalition for change

một liên minh vì sự thay đổi

the future of the coalition

tương lai của liên minh

coalition talks

các cuộc đàm phán liên minh

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

coalition vs Partnership

While a coalition involves partners, 'partnership' often suggests a more enduring and less goal-specific relationship than a 'coalition'.

coalition vs League

A 'league' often implies a more formal and perhaps recreational association, or a sustained alliance, different from the temporary and purpose-driven nature of a 'coalition'.

coalition vs Union

A 'union' typically signifies a more permanent and integrated body, whether of workers, states, or organizations, compared to a 'coalition's' temporary nature.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

coalition vs Alliance

Both 'coalition' and 'alliance' refer to groups joining together. However, 'alliance' can imply a more formal and long-term agreement, often with a broader scope than a 'coalition'.

A 'coalition' is typically a temporary, purpose-driven grouping, while an 'alliance' can be more enduring and encompass a wider range of shared interests.

The political parties formed a coalition to pass the new legislation, but their long-standing alliance covered many other policy areas.

coalition vs Bloc

A 'bloc' also denotes a group acting together, particularly in a political context, which can overlap with the function of a coalition.

A 'bloc' usually refers to a group that consistently votes or acts together, often based on shared ideology or interest, and might be more stable than a temporary 'coalition'.

The conservative bloc in parliament opposed the new budget, even though some of its members had been part of a previous coalition with the ruling party.

coalition vs Confederation

'Confederation' describes a union of sovereign states or organizations, which can sound similar to countries or groups joining together in a 'coalition'.

A 'confederation' implies a more formal and structured union where member entities retain significant autonomy, whereas a 'coalition' is usually a looser, more temporary arrangement for a specific goal.

The states formed a confederation for mutual defense, while a coalition of humanitarian groups worked to deliver aid to the affected region.

coalition vs Federation

Like 'confederation', 'federation' involves a union of states or groups, which might be confused with the idea of a 'coalition' of countries.

A 'federation' involves a stronger central government with shared sovereignty, offering a more unified structure than the temporary and goal-oriented nature of a 'coalition'.

The United States is a federation of states, while several nations formed a coalition to address the global climate crisis.

coalition vs Consortium

A 'consortium' is a group of companies or organizations collaborating on a project, which shares the idea of multiple entities joining for a purpose, similar to a 'coalition'.

A 'consortium' typically refers to a collaboration among businesses or institutions, often for large-scale financial or research projects, whereas a 'coalition' is more broadly applicable, especially in political or social contexts.

A consortium of tech companies developed the new software, while a coalition of environmental activists protested the proposed oil pipeline.

نحوه استفاده

A coalition can be formed by various entities like political parties, states, or even individuals. It's often temporary and dissolves once the common goal is achieved. For example, a coalition government is formed when multiple political parties join forces to govern, especially when no single party has a majority. The term is widely used in politics, but can also apply to other contexts like business or social activism.

اشتباهات رایج

One common mistake is confusing 'coalition' with 'alliance' or 'partnership'. While similar, 'coalition' often implies a more temporary arrangement with a specific, often political, objective. Another mistake is using 'coalition' to describe a permanent merger or a standing organization; it's generally for ad-hoc groupings.

نکات

Understand the Core Meaning

A coalition is essentially a temporary alliance or partnership. Think of it as people or groups coming together for a common, often specific, purpose.

Look for Synonyms

Words like alliance, bloc, front, or pact are good synonyms for coalition. Understanding these can help you grasp its nuances.

Antonyms Can Help

Consider antonyms like division, disunity, or opposition to further solidify your understanding of what a coalition is not.

Practice in Sentences

Try creating your own sentences using coalition. For example: 'The environmental groups formed a coalition to lobby for stronger clean air laws.'

Identify Related Concepts

Think about situations where coalitions are formed. This could include elections, war efforts, or even business mergers.

Etymology (Optional but Helpful)

The word coalition comes from the Latin 'coalescere,' meaning 'to grow together.' This root reinforces the idea of coming together.

Notice the 'Temporary' Aspect

A key characteristic of a coalition is its often temporary nature. It's usually formed for a specific goal, and once that goal is met (or fails), the coalition might dissolve.

Listen for Usage in News

Pay attention to news reports, especially political news. You'll frequently hear coalition used when discussing governments, political parties, or international relations.

Flashcards with Examples

Create flashcards with coalition on one side and its definition along with a sentence example on the other. This aids memory retention.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

While often used interchangeably, a coalition typically implies a more temporary or specific purpose. An alliance can be broader and more long-term, like a military alliance that lasts for many years, even decades. Think of a coalition as a special-purpose alliance.

Yes, a coalition can definitely be formed by individuals! While the definition often mentions groups like political parties or countries, individuals can certainly join together to form a coalition around a shared interest or goal. For example, a group of local residents might form a coalition to advocate for a new park.

Not at all! While coalitions are very common in politics, they can exist in many other contexts. For instance, different environmental organizations might form a coalition to lobby for a specific conservation effort, or various businesses might form a coalition to share resources and promote a certain industry.

A great example is the Coalition of the Willing, which was a multinational military force that participated in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Another historical example would be the various coalitions formed during the Napoleonic Wars to oppose Napoleon.

The duration of a coalition can vary greatly. As the definition mentions, they are often temporary. Some might last only for the duration of a single election campaign or until a specific law is passed. Others might endure for several years if their shared goals are more complex or long-term. It really depends on the purpose for which it was formed.

The main advantages of forming a coalition include increased strength in numbers, shared resources, diverse perspectives, and a greater chance of achieving a common goal. By working together, different groups or individuals can amplify their influence and overcome obstacles they might face alone.

One of the biggest challenges in a coalition is maintaining unity among members who may have different long-term interests or ideologies. Disagreements over strategy, leadership, or resource allocation can lead to infighting and eventually, the collapse of the coalition. Compromise is key, and it's not always easy.

Absolutely. A coalition can definitely fail to achieve its goal. This could be due to internal disagreements, a lack of public support, external opposition, or simply an overestimation of their combined strength. The temporary nature of coalitions also means they can dissolve before their objectives are met.

No, a coalition is not the same as a merger. In a coalition, the participating entities generally retain their individual identities and autonomy while working together on a specific issue. A merger, on the other hand, involves two or more entities combining to form a single, new entity, often losing their original separate identities.

You pronounce 'coalition' as: co-uh-LISH-uhn. The emphasis is on the second syllable.

خودت رو بسنج 168 سوال

fill blank A1

The small groups formed a ___ to work together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a group working together.

fill blank A1

They made a ___ to help the city.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is formed to achieve a goal, like helping the city.

fill blank A1

Two teams joined in a ___ to win the game.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Teams can form a coalition to work together for a win.

fill blank A1

The ___ was strong because everyone helped.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A strong coalition means everyone is helping.

fill blank A1

Many people joined the ___ for a good cause.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

People join a coalition for a shared purpose.

fill blank A1

The countries formed a ___ to share ideas.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Countries can form a coalition to work together and share ideas.

multiple choice A1

What is a coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A group of people working together.

A coalition means people or groups join together.

multiple choice A1

When do groups form a coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: When they want to achieve a goal.

Coalitions form to reach a common goal.

multiple choice A1

Is a coalition usually for a long time or a short time?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A short time.

The definition says it's usually a temporary alliance.

true false A1

A coalition can be political parties.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

The definition states political parties can form a coalition.

true false A1

Countries can join a coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

The definition mentions countries can be part of a coalition.

true false A1

A coalition is always a permanent group.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

The definition says a coalition is usually temporary.

listening A1

Listen for 'coalition', meaning groups joining together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The small groups formed a coalition.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening A1

Listen for 'coalition', meaning an alliance.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They made a coalition to help.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening A1

Listen for 'coalition', meaning people joining for a goal.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Our club formed a new coalition.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A1

این را بلند بخوانید:

A coalition of students will study.

تمرکز: coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A1

این را بلند بخوانید:

The two teams made a coalition.

تمرکز: coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A1

این را بلند بخوانید:

We need a coalition for the project.

تمرکز: coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A1

Write a short sentence about people working together in a group.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

My family works together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A1

Write a simple sentence about two friends who join for a game.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

My friends join to play a game.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A1

Imagine a small group of animals helping each other. Write a sentence about it.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

The little animals help each other.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
reading A1

What do the boy and girl build together?

این متن را بخوانید:

A boy and a girl are friends. They want to build a sandcastle. They work together. The sandcastle is big and strong.

What do the boy and girl build together?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: a sandcastle

The passage says, 'They want to build a sandcastle. They work together.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: a sandcastle

The passage says, 'They want to build a sandcastle. They work together.'

reading A1

Who cooks dinner every night?

این متن را بخوانید:

My mom and dad like to cook. They cook dinner every night. They are a team in the kitchen. Dinner is always yummy.

Who cooks dinner every night?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: my mom and dad

The passage states, 'My mom and dad like to cook. They cook dinner every night.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: my mom and dad

The passage states, 'My mom and dad like to cook. They cook dinner every night.'

reading A1

What game do the children play?

این متن را بخوانید:

The children want to play. They decide to play hide-and-seek. One child counts. The other children hide. They play together.

What game do the children play?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: hide-and-seek

The passage says, 'They decide to play hide-and-seek.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: hide-and-seek

The passage says, 'They decide to play hide-and-seek.'

sentence order A1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The two teams formed a coalition.

This sentence describes two teams joining together.

sentence order A1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A coalition helps people work together.

This sentence explains the purpose of a coalition.

sentence order A1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They made a coalition for the project.

This sentence indicates that a group was formed for a specific project.

fill blank A2

The small towns formed a ___ to build a new road.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a group of people or towns joining together for a specific goal, like building a road.

fill blank A2

The two companies made a ___ to work on the big project.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is when different groups, like companies, join to achieve something together.

fill blank A2

To win the election, the two parties formed a ___.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Political parties often form a coalition to achieve a shared goal, like winning an election.

fill blank A2

The students created a ___ to organize the school fair.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a group of people, like students, working together for a common purpose.

fill blank A2

Countries sometimes form a ___ to help each other in times of need.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

When countries join together to achieve a goal, it's called a coalition.

fill blank A2

The animal shelters formed a ___ to find homes for more pets.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Different groups, like animal shelters, can form a coalition to work together on a goal.

listening A2

They joined together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The two small parties formed a coalition.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening A2

It was a group for a goal.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Our country joined a coalition to help others.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening A2

Three groups are working together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The new government is a coalition of three groups.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A2

این را بلند بخوانید:

The parties formed a coalition.

تمرکز: coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A2

این را بلند بخوانید:

A coalition can be strong.

تمرکز: strong

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking A2

این را بلند بخوانید:

They made a coalition for peace.

تمرکز: peace

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A2

Imagine your school has a problem, like not enough books in the library. Write 2-3 sentences about how students could form a group to solve this problem. Use the word 'coalition' in your answer.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

Our school library needs more books. Students can form a coalition to ask the principal for help. This group will work together to get new books for everyone.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A2

Think about a time when you and your friends worked together to do something fun, like plan a party or a game. Write 2-3 sentences explaining how your group was like a small 'coalition'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

My friends and I wanted to plan a birthday party. We formed a small coalition to decide on the food and music. Working together made the party very fun!

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing A2

You want to organize a small event, like a bake sale, to help an animal shelter. Write 2-3 sentences about who you would ask to join your 'coalition' to help you.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

I want to have a bake sale for the animal shelter. I will ask my friends and family to join my coalition. Together, we can raise a lot of money.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
reading A2

What was the main goal of the coalition in the passage?

این متن را بخوانید:

In our town, there was a big problem with trash on the streets. Some people from different parts of the town decided to work together. They made a group to clean up the streets and make our town beautiful. This group was a good coalition.

What was the main goal of the coalition in the passage?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To clean up the streets

The passage states, 'They made a group to clean up the streets and make our town beautiful.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To clean up the streets

The passage states, 'They made a group to clean up the streets and make our town beautiful.'

reading A2

What did the coalition of students do?

این متن را بخوانید:

The school had a special play, and many students wanted to help. Some students helped with the costumes, others learned the lines, and some built the stage. They all worked together as a coalition to make the play a success.

What did the coalition of students do?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They worked together to put on a play.

The passage says, 'They all worked together as a coalition to make the play a success.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They worked together to put on a play.

The passage says, 'They all worked together as a coalition to make the play a success.'

reading A2

What was the result of the parents' coalition?

این متن را بخوانید:

A group of parents in the neighborhood formed a coalition to build a new playground for the children. They asked for money from the town and organized volunteers to help. Because they worked together, the children now have a wonderful new playground.

What was the result of the parents' coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They built a new playground.

The passage states, 'Because they worked together, the children now have a wonderful new playground.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They built a new playground.

The passage states, 'Because they worked together, the children now have a wonderful new playground.'

sentence order A2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: countries formed a coalition.

This sentence describes how different countries joined together.

sentence order A2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The parties made a coalition.

This sentence explains that political parties created an alliance.

sentence order A2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They joined a coalition to win.

This sentence shows people uniting for a shared goal.

fill blank B1

The two small political parties formed a ___ to try and win the election.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a temporary alliance of groups working together for a common goal, like winning an election.

fill blank B1

The countries formed a military ___ to protect themselves from common enemies.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition often refers to countries joining forces for a specific purpose, such as defense.

fill blank B1

After many talks, the different groups created a ___ to work on the new environmental law.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

People or groups can form a coalition to achieve a specific goal, like passing a law.

fill blank B1

The new government was a ___ of three different parties.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

When different political parties join together to form a government, it's called a coalition.

fill blank B1

They formed a small ___ to help the homeless people in the city.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition can be formed by groups of people working together for a social cause.

fill blank B1

The international ___ worked together to send aid to the affected region.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

An international coalition implies multiple countries or organizations working together.

multiple choice B1

The two political parties formed a ___ to work together on the new law.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a group of people, political parties, or countries that join together to achieve a specific goal. In this sentence, the political parties joined to work on a new law, which fits the definition of a coalition.

multiple choice B1

Which of these best describes a coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A temporary alliance for a specific purpose.

The definition states that a coalition usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose.

multiple choice B1

Countries sometimes form a ___ to achieve a common goal, like fighting a war or helping a region in need.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Countries joining together to achieve a common goal is a clear example of a coalition.

true false B1

A coalition is always a permanent group.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

The definition states that a coalition usually refers to a 'temporary alliance'.

true false B1

If two companies work together on a project, they could be considered a coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

A coalition is a group that joins together to achieve a specific goal. If two companies join for a project, they fit this description.

true false B1

A coalition is formed when groups want to work against each other.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

A coalition is formed when groups join together to achieve a specific goal, meaning they work with each other, not against each other.

listening B1

Listen for the main reason the parties joined together.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The two political parties formed a coalition to win the election.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening B1

Pay attention to what the environmental groups achieved.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The coalition of environmental groups successfully lobbied for new regulations.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening B1

Notice the duration and purpose of this coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A temporary coalition was formed to address the urgent economic crisis.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B1

این را بلند بخوانید:

Can you explain what a 'coalition' is in your own words?

تمرکز: co-a-li-tion

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B1

این را بلند بخوانید:

Describe a situation where a coalition might be necessary.

تمرکز: nec-es-sa-ry

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B1

این را بلند بخوانید:

Do you think coalitions are usually long-term or short-term alliances?

تمرکز: al-li-anc-es

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B1

Imagine a school project where different groups need to work together. Describe a situation where a 'coalition' of students might form to achieve a common goal. What would their goal be, and what groups would be part of it?

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

For a school science fair, students from different classes might form a coalition to build a large-scale model of the solar system. Their common goal would be to win first prize, and the coalition could include students good at research, design, and construction.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B1

Think about a time when people had to work together to solve a problem in your community. How could this be described as a 'coalition'? What problem did they solve, and who was involved?

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

In my community, a coalition of local businesses and residents formed to clean up the park. Their goal was to make the park a nicer place, and the coalition involved shop owners, families, and volunteers.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B1

If you were forming a 'coalition' with your friends to organize a surprise party for someone, what would be the purpose of your coalition? What would each friend's role be?

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

If I formed a coalition with my friends to organize a surprise party, the purpose would be to plan everything perfectly without the person finding out. One friend could be in charge of decorations, another for the food, and another for the guest list.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
reading B1

Why do political parties sometimes form a coalition government?

این متن را بخوانید:

In many countries, different political parties sometimes form a coalition government. This happens when no single party wins enough votes to govern alone. By working together, these parties can get enough support to lead the country and make decisions. However, they often have to compromise on some of their ideas.

Why do political parties sometimes form a coalition government?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Because no single party has enough votes to govern alone.

The passage states, 'This happens when no single party wins enough votes to govern alone,' directly explaining the reason for a coalition government.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Because no single party has enough votes to govern alone.

The passage states, 'This happens when no single party wins enough votes to govern alone,' directly explaining the reason for a coalition government.

reading B1

What was the main goal of the animal rescue coalition?

این متن را بخوانید:

A group of animal rescue organizations decided to form a coalition to raise awareness about adopting pets. They believed that by combining their efforts, they could reach more people and find homes for more animals. Each organization contributed volunteers and shared their resources for events.

What was the main goal of the animal rescue coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To raise awareness about adopting pets and find them homes.

The passage clearly states, 'Their goal was to raise awareness about adopting pets' and 'find homes for more animals.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To raise awareness about adopting pets and find them homes.

The passage clearly states, 'Their goal was to raise awareness about adopting pets' and 'find homes for more animals.'

reading B1

What was the purpose of the temporary coalition formed by the sports clubs?

این متن را بخوانید:

The local sports clubs formed a temporary coalition to organize a charity football tournament. They wanted to raise money for a new community center. Each club helped with different tasks, such as finding teams, advertising the event, and setting up the field. The tournament was a big success.

What was the purpose of the temporary coalition formed by the sports clubs?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To organize a charity football tournament and raise money.

The passage explains, 'The local sports clubs formed a temporary coalition to organize a charity football tournament. They wanted to raise money for a new community center.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To organize a charity football tournament and raise money.

The passage explains, 'The local sports clubs formed a temporary coalition to organize a charity football tournament. They wanted to raise money for a new community center.'

sentence order B1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They formed a coalition to new government.

This sentence describes the formation of a coalition to create a new government.

sentence order B1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A coalition of parties worked together.

This sentence shows how different parties can form a coalition and work together.

sentence order B1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The two parties joined to win the election.

This sentence explains how two parties can form a coalition to win an election.

fill blank B2

The three political parties formed a _______ to try and win the upcoming election.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a temporary alliance of groups for a specific purpose, like winning an election.

fill blank B2

After weeks of negotiations, the various environmental groups announced a _______ to push for new conservation laws.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: alliance

In this context, 'alliance' is a synonym for 'coalition' and fits the sentence structure and meaning of groups working together.

fill blank B2

The international _______ was successful in achieving its goal of providing aid to the war-torn region.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

An international coalition implies different countries or organizations joining forces for a common purpose, which is what the sentence describes.

fill blank B2

The local community leaders formed a _______ to address the issue of rising crime rates.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: group

While 'coalition' could fit, 'group' is a more general term that still accurately describes multiple people joining together. The exercise is designed to test a broader understanding of the context where 'coalition' would be appropriate.

fill blank B2

The government's _______ of several smaller parties struggled to maintain unity on key policies.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A government formed by several smaller parties is a common example of a political coalition.

fill blank B2

To secure the necessary votes, the opposition parties had to form a temporary _______.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

Opposition parties often form coalitions to gain enough power or votes to challenge the ruling party or pass legislation.

multiple choice B2

Which of the following best describes a 'coalition'?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A temporary alliance for a specific objective.

The definition states that a coalition 'usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, such as winning an election or passing a law.'

multiple choice B2

In what scenario would a political party most likely form a coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: When no single party wins enough votes to form a government.

A coalition is often formed when no single party can achieve its goals independently, especially in a political context where a majority is needed to govern.

multiple choice B2

Which word is a synonym for 'coalition' in the context of political groups joining together?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Alliance

The definition mentions 'temporary alliance' as a key characteristic of a coalition. 'Alliance' is a direct synonym in this context.

true false B2

A coalition is typically a long-term agreement designed to last for many decades.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

The definition states that a coalition 'usually refers to a temporary alliance,' implying it is not typically long-term.

true false B2

Countries can form a coalition to achieve a shared international goal.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

The definition explicitly states that a coalition can be formed by 'countries that join together to achieve a specific goal.'

true false B2

The primary purpose of a coalition is to create disagreements among the participating groups.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

The purpose of a coalition is to 'achieve a specific goal,' which implies cooperation, not disagreement.

listening B2

Listen for the main political action.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The two opposing parties formed an unlikely coalition to pass the new legislation.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening B2

Pay attention to the purpose of the group.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Several countries established a coalition to address the global climate crisis.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening B2

Consider who is forming the group and why.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Despite their differences, the small businesses created a coalition to lobby for better tax policies.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B2

این را بلند بخوانید:

The environmental groups formed a powerful coalition to advocate for renewable energy.

تمرکز: coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B2

این را بلند بخوانید:

To win the election, the smaller parties needed to form a broad coalition.

تمرکز: broad coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking B2

این را بلند بخوانید:

The charity organizations joined forces to create a coalition against poverty.

تمرکز: joined forces

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B2

Imagine you are a political journalist. Describe a scenario where different political parties might form a coalition government. What challenges and benefits might arise from such an alliance?

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

In a hung parliament, where no single party wins an outright majority, several parties might form a coalition government. This often involves intense negotiation and compromise to agree on a shared policy agenda. A key benefit is increased governmental stability, as the combined seats provide a stronger legislative base. However, challenges include potential disagreements between coalition partners, which can lead to policy paralysis or even the collapse of the government. Representation for smaller parties is also a significant advantage.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B2

You are organizing a community project. Write a short paragraph explaining how different local groups could form a 'coalition' to achieve a common goal, like cleaning up a local park. What kind of groups would you invite, and what would be their individual contributions?

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

To effectively clean up the local park, I would propose forming a community coalition. This would involve inviting local environmental groups for their expertise in waste management, residents' associations for their volunteer base, and perhaps even local businesses for financial or logistical support. Each group's individual contributions – be it manpower, equipment, or funding – would be crucial in achieving our common goal of a cleaner, more enjoyable public space.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing B2

Explain in your own words the difference between a permanent alliance and a temporary coalition. Provide an example for each.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

A permanent alliance, such as NATO, is typically a long-term agreement between entities, often countries, with a broad and enduring commitment to mutual defense or common goals. A temporary coalition, on the other hand, is a short-term arrangement, usually formed for a specific, immediate purpose that, once achieved, often leads to the dissolution of the coalition. For example, a coalition of environmental organizations might form temporarily to lobby against a specific policy, disbanding once their objective is met.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
reading B2

What was the primary reason for forming the coalition government?

این متن را بخوانید:

In a recent election, no single party managed to secure a majority. To avoid political instability and ensure a functioning government, the leading party entered into negotiations with two smaller parties. After weeks of intense discussions and compromises on policy, a coalition government was successfully formed. This temporary alliance allowed them to pass crucial legislation and govern effectively for the duration of the parliamentary term.

What was the primary reason for forming the coalition government?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To prevent political instability and form a functioning government.

The passage states that the coalition was formed 'To avoid political instability and ensure a functioning government' because no single party secured a majority.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To prevent political instability and form a functioning government.

The passage states that the coalition was formed 'To avoid political instability and ensure a functioning government' because no single party secured a majority.

reading B2

According to the passage, what is a characteristic of international environmental coalitions?

این متن را بخوانید:

Environmental activists from different countries often form international coalitions to address global issues like climate change. These coalitions can include NGOs, scientists, and even concerned citizens. While their immediate goal might be to influence a specific climate summit or policy, the underlying purpose is often a long-term commitment to environmental protection. However, the exact composition of these coalitions can shift depending on the specific campaign.

According to the passage, what is a characteristic of international environmental coalitions?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They can have a shifting composition depending on the campaign.

The passage mentions that 'the exact composition of these coalitions can shift depending on the specific campaign,' indicating their flexible nature.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: They can have a shifting composition depending on the campaign.

The passage mentions that 'the exact composition of these coalitions can shift depending on the specific campaign,' indicating their flexible nature.

reading B2

In the context of business, what is a potential benefit of a marketing coalition?

این متن را بخوانید:

The term 'coalition' isn't limited to politics. In business, companies sometimes form a marketing coalition to share resources and target a wider audience for a specific product launch. For example, several small businesses selling complementary goods might pool their advertising budgets to create a more impactful campaign. This allows them to compete more effectively with larger corporations, albeit for a limited period.

In the context of business, what is a potential benefit of a marketing coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: It allows small businesses to compete more effectively with larger corporations.

The passage states that a marketing coalition 'allows them to compete more effectively with larger corporations' by pooling advertising budgets.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: It allows small businesses to compete more effectively with larger corporations.

The passage states that a marketing coalition 'allows them to compete more effectively with larger corporations' by pooling advertising budgets.

sentence order B2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The political formed a to govern the country.

This sentence describes a political coalition coming together to govern.

sentence order B2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Several countries entered into a military coalition for defense.

This sentence illustrates countries forming a military alliance for mutual protection.

sentence order B2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The environmental groups created a to advocate for new policies.

This sentence shows environmental organizations forming a coalition to promote new policies.

fill blank C1

The disparate factions, despite their ideological differences, formed a temporary ___ to oust the incumbent government.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' refers to a temporary alliance, often of political groups, to achieve a specific aim, which fits the context of factions joining to remove a government. 'Amalgamation' implies a permanent merging, 'synergy' is about combined effort producing a greater effect, and 'consortium' usually refers to a group of businesses.

fill blank C1

Negotiations for a new international trade ___ are underway, aiming to foster greater economic cooperation among member nations.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

While 'pact' is a possible fit, 'coalition' specifically denotes a group joining together for a particular purpose, like economic cooperation, which aligns well with the ongoing negotiations. 'Cartel' and 'syndicate' often have negative connotations or refer to specific types of organizations.

fill blank C1

The environmental activist groups, recognizing the urgency of the climate crisis, forged a powerful ___ to lobby for stricter regulations.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' is the most appropriate term here, as it describes a temporary alliance formed by different groups to achieve a shared objective, such as influencing policy. 'Association' is more general, 'confederation' implies a more formal and permanent union, and 'congregation' usually refers to a religious gathering.

fill blank C1

In a surprising turn of events, several opposition parties announced a united ___ to challenge the ruling party in the upcoming elections.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' is precisely what is formed when political parties unite for a specific purpose, like contesting an election. 'Conglomerate' refers to diverse corporations, 'federation' implies a more structured political union, and 'monopoly' is about exclusive control.

fill blank C1

The disparate research institutions formed a strategic ___ to pool their resources and accelerate the development of a new vaccine.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' is fitting for research institutions joining forces temporarily for a common goal like vaccine development. While 'alliance' is also possible, 'coalition' often emphasizes the diverse nature of the groups coming together. 'Amalgam' and 'conglomeration' imply more permanent mixtures.

fill blank C1

Facing a common external threat, the traditionally rival nations formed an unlikely military ___ to defend their sovereignty.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' accurately describes an alliance, even a temporary or surprising one, formed by different entities (nations in this case) to address a shared objective or threat. 'Conclave' refers to a private meeting, 'cabal' implies a secret political intrigue, and 'syndicate' often has commercial or criminal connotations.

multiple choice C1

The disparate factions managed to form a ______ government, despite their ideological differences.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition specifically refers to a temporary alliance, often political, formed to achieve a particular goal, making it the best fit for disparate factions forming a government.

multiple choice C1

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the formation of a coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Two political parties agree to cooperate on a single legislative initiative.

A coalition is typically a temporary alliance formed for a specific purpose, such as two political parties working together on a particular law.

multiple choice C1

The environmental groups formed a powerful ______ to advocate for stricter pollution controls.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A coalition is a group of organizations joining together for a specific cause, which accurately describes environmental groups advocating for a common goal.

true false C1

A coalition is generally a permanent grouping of individuals or organizations.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

The definition states that a coalition usually refers to a temporary alliance, not a permanent one.

true false C1

Countries can form a coalition to achieve a specific international objective.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

The definition explicitly mentions that countries can join together in a coalition to achieve a specific goal.

true false C1

The primary purpose of a coalition is typically to maximize profit for its members.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

While profit might be a tangential outcome, the definition focuses on achieving a 'specific goal' such as winning an election or passing a law, not primarily maximizing profit.

listening C1

Listen for the main subject and its action.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The opposition parties formed a formidable coalition to challenge the incumbent government.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C1

What was crucial for the coalition's success?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The success of the environmental coalition depended heavily on the active participation of all member organizations.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C1

What is the purpose of the international coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Negotiations are underway to establish a broad international coalition aimed at tackling global climate change.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C1

این را بلند بخوانید:

The disparate groups managed to forge a powerful coalition despite their ideological differences.

تمرکز: disparate, forge, ideological

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C1

این را بلند بخوانید:

A temporary coalition was formed to address the immediate crisis, but long-term solutions are still being debated.

تمرکز: temporary, immediate, debated

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C1

این را بلند بخوانید:

The politician emphasized the necessity of a strong bipartisan coalition to achieve significant legislative reform.

تمرکز: emphasized, necessity, bipartisan, legislative reform

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing C1

Imagine you are a political advisor. A new, unexpected coalition has formed in your country. Write a short analysis (around 100-120 words) detailing the potential strengths and weaknesses of this coalition, and predict its likely impact on the upcoming election. Focus on using sophisticated vocabulary and complex sentence structures.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

The recent formation of the 'Progressive Unity Coalition' presents a fascinating, albeit precarious, political landscape. Its primary strength lies in its broad appeal, encompassing traditionally disparate ideological factions, potentially garnering a significant electoral mandate. However, the inherent challenge will be maintaining internal consensus on key policy objectives, especially given their divergent platforms. The sheer breadth of their constituents could prove to be their Achilles' heel, leading to internal wrangling and a perceived lack of clear direction. This temporary alliance, while strategically astute for the immediate electoral cycle, risks dissolving post-election due to the inevitable ideological clashes, ultimately impacting long-term stability.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing C1

You are a journalist reporting on a humanitarian crisis. A coalition of international aid organizations has been formed to address the situation. Describe the purpose and potential challenges of this coalition in a news report (around 90-110 words). Emphasize the collaborative effort and the complexities of international cooperation.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

In response to the escalating humanitarian crisis, a formidable coalition of international aid organizations has been established, aiming to streamline relief efforts and maximize resource allocation. This collaborative endeavor seeks to mitigate suffering through coordinated delivery of essential supplies and medical assistance. However, the coalition faces substantial logistical hurdles, including navigating complex political landscapes and ensuring equitable distribution across affected regions. The inherent challenge lies in harmonizing disparate operational protocols and fostering seamless cooperation amidst acute urgency. Despite these complexities, the concerted efforts of this temporary alliance offer a beacon of hope in dire circumstances, underscoring the critical importance of global humanitarian cooperation.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing C1

Write a formal letter (around 100-120 words) to a government official, advocating for the formation of a local business coalition to support economic development in your community. Clearly state the benefits of such a coalition and propose specific areas of focus.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

پاسخ نمونه

Dear [Government Official's Name], I am writing to respectfully propose the urgent formation of a local business coalition dedicated to fostering sustainable economic development within our community. Such a collaborative endeavor would harness the collective expertise and resources of diverse stakeholders, creating a powerful synergy for growth. The benefits are manifold, including enhanced job creation, increased local investment, and a unified voice for advocating business interests. I envision this coalition focusing on key areas such as attracting new industries, supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, and developing skilled labor initiatives. A united front, through this temporary alliance, would undoubtedly accelerate our community's economic prosperity and resilience. Sincerely, [Your Name]

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
reading C1

According to the passage, what is a paradoxical reason for a coalition's dissolution?

این متن را بخوانید:

In the fraught landscape of international diplomacy, the formation of a stable coalition often signifies a crucial turning point in resolving complex geopolitical disputes. However, the inherent fragility of such alliances, frequently characterized by divergent national interests and shifting political tides, necessitates astute leadership and persistent negotiation to maintain cohesion. The cessation of a common threat can, paradoxically, be the very catalyst for the dissolution of a previously robust coalition, as the imperative for unity diminishes and pre-existing rivalries resurface. The long-term efficacy of these temporary arrangements is invariably predicated on a delicate balance of power and shared objectives.

According to the passage, what is a paradoxical reason for a coalition's dissolution?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The cessation of a common threat

The passage states, 'The cessation of a common threat can, paradoxically, be the very catalyst for the dissolution of a previously robust coalition.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The cessation of a common threat

The passage states, 'The cessation of a common threat can, paradoxically, be the very catalyst for the dissolution of a previously robust coalition.'

reading C1

What is a significant challenge the 'Green Energy Coalition' is expected to face, according to the passage?

این متن را بخوانید:

The burgeoning 'Green Energy Coalition' has been lauded by environmentalists as a pivotal step towards achieving national renewable energy targets. Comprising leading technology firms, environmental advocacy groups, and several government agencies, this ambitious temporary alliance aims to accelerate the adoption of sustainable energy solutions. Critics, however, express skepticism regarding the coalition's capacity to overcome entrenched fossil fuel interests and navigate the intricate bureaucratic processes necessary for widespread implementation. Despite the considerable political will evident at its inception, the true test of its resilience will be its ability to translate aspirational goals into tangible policy outcomes.

What is a significant challenge the 'Green Energy Coalition' is expected to face, according to the passage?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Overcoming entrenched fossil fuel interests

The passage mentions that 'Critics, however, express skepticism regarding the coalition's capacity to overcome entrenched fossil fuel interests.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Overcoming entrenched fossil fuel interests

The passage mentions that 'Critics, however, express skepticism regarding the coalition's capacity to overcome entrenched fossil fuel interests.'

reading C1

What is identified as a potential challenge in a scientific research coalition?

این متن را بخوانید:

In the realm of scientific research, a successful research coalition can significantly amplify the impact of individual endeavors, leading to breakthroughs that would be unattainable in isolation. These temporary alliances often bring together specialists from diverse fields, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and shared access to cutting-edge facilities. While the benefits of such partnerships are undeniable, managing intellectual property rights and ensuring equitable contribution among partners can present considerable challenges. The delicate balance between individual institutional priorities and the overarching goals of the coalition is paramount for its sustained success and the effective dissemination of findings.

What is identified as a potential challenge in a scientific research coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Managing intellectual property rights

The passage states, 'managing intellectual property rights and ensuring equitable contribution among partners can present considerable challenges.'

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Managing intellectual property rights

The passage states, 'managing intellectual property rights and ensuring equitable contribution among partners can present considerable challenges.'

sentence order C1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The coalition negotiations collapsed after it failed to agree on key policies.

This order forms a grammatically correct and coherent sentence, describing the failure of a coalition due to policy disagreements.

sentence order C1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: A new government was formed by a broad coalition of parties.

This arrangement logically explains the formation of a government through a multi-party alliance.

sentence order C1

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The humanitarian coalition worked tirelessly to provide aid to disaster-stricken regions.

This sentence structure correctly attributes the humanitarian efforts to the coalition.

fill blank C2

The disparate factions, despite their ideological differences, formed a pragmatic ___ to push through the crucial legislative reforms.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' specifically refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose, which aligns with the context of different factions joining to pass reforms. 'Amalgamation' and 'conglomerate' suggest a more permanent or corporate merger, while 'synergy' describes a combined effect rather than the group itself.

fill blank C2

In the volatile political landscape, maintaining a stable ___ among the numerous opposition parties proved to be an arduous and ultimately Sisyphean task.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' is the most fitting term for a temporary political grouping of parties aiming for a common goal, often against a dominant force. 'Alliance' is broader, while 'confederation' and 'federation' imply more structured and permanent governmental unions.

fill blank C2

The environmental activists, recognizing the urgency of the crisis, forged a powerful ___ with indigenous communities to advocate for stricter conservation policies.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

The term 'coalition' best describes a union of diverse groups (activists and indigenous communities) with a shared, specific objective (stricter conservation policies). While 'partnership' is similar, 'coalition' often implies a more organized, albeit potentially temporary, political or social grouping for influence.

fill blank C2

The nascent digital rights movement quickly garnered widespread support, forming a robust ___ of privacy advocates, tech professionals, and civil liberties organizations.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

A 'coalition' accurately describes a diverse group of organizations and individuals coming together to achieve a common goal, in this case, advocating for digital rights. 'Bloc' can be similar but often implies a more unified and singular political front, while 'aggregate' is a general collection and 'union' typically refers to labor organizations.

fill blank C2

The incumbent government, facing a no-confidence vote, desperately sought to solidify its parliamentary ___ by offering concessions to smaller, undecided parties.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

In parliamentary politics, a 'coalition' is specifically formed when parties join forces to secure a majority and govern. The act of offering concessions to secure the support of undecided parties is characteristic of forming or strengthening such a political alliance.

fill blank C2

Despite initial skepticism, the disparate non-governmental organizations successfully formed a formidable ___ to combat global food insecurity, pooling their resources and expertise.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: coalition

The context of 'disparate non-governmental organizations' 'pooling their resources and expertise' to achieve a shared objective ('combat global food insecurity') is best captured by the term 'coalition', which implies a collaborative, often temporary, alliance for a specific purpose. 'Consortium' is also plausible but often implies a more formal financial or business venture.

multiple choice C2

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies a political coalition?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Two rival political parties forming an alliance to pass a crucial legislative bill.

A coalition specifically refers to a temporary alliance, often political, formed for a particular purpose. While other options involve groups or agreements, the temporary and often political nature of parties uniting for a bill perfectly aligns with the definition.

multiple choice C2

In a parliamentary system, a 'coalition government' is formed when:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Multiple parties agree to work together to form a government, as no single party has a majority.

A coalition government is a classic example of a coalition, where different political parties join forces to form a governing body when no single party secures enough votes to govern alone.

multiple choice C2

The newly formed environmental coalition aims to achieve which primary objective?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: To exert collective influence to advocate for stricter conservation laws.

A coalition's purpose is typically to achieve a specific, often immediate goal through collective action, like advocating for policy changes, rather than long-term mergers, creating new parties, or funding research, which are distinct, broader objectives.

true false C2

A business conglomerate, owning diverse companies, is an example of a coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

A business conglomerate is typically a permanent structure of combined businesses, often with a unified ownership. A coalition, by definition, is a temporary alliance formed for a specific, often political, goal, making this statement false.

true false C2

The primary characteristic distinguishing a coalition from a permanent merger is its temporary nature and focus on a specific, often limited, objective.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

This statement accurately captures the essence of a coalition. The word 'usually refers to a temporary alliance formed for a particular purpose' in the definition underscores this key distinction.

true false C2

When several independent charitable organizations pool their resources for a joint fundraising campaign for a specific cause, they are forming a coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

This is a true statement. The scenario describes independent entities joining together temporarily for a specific goal (a joint fundraising campaign for a specific cause), which perfectly fits the definition of a coalition.

listening C2

Listen for the reasons behind the coalition's collapse.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The tenuous coalition fractured under the strain of divergent ideologies, ultimately leading to its dissolution.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C2

Pay attention to the challenges faced by the coalition.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Despite initial optimism, the ad hoc coalition of environmental groups struggled to present a united front against industrial lobbyists.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C2

Consider the necessity and purpose of the coalition mentioned.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The formation of a grand coalition was deemed imperative to navigate the complex geopolitical landscape and ensure regional stability.
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

Can you elaborate on the potential implications of a fragmented coalition on policy-making?

تمرکز: fragmented coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

Discuss the historical examples where coalitions have either succeeded or failed due to internal power dynamics.

تمرکز: internal power dynamics

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

In what ways can a robust coalition foster resilience against external pressures and unforeseen crises?

تمرکز: robust coalition

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Following a prolonged period of intense negotiations, a fragile government coalition emerged.

This sentence describes the formation of a government coalition after negotiations. The words need to be ordered to reflect this sequence of events, starting with the introductory phrase and moving to the subject and verb.

sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The environmental advocacy groups formed a potent coalition to lobby for stricter regulations.

This sentence explains how advocacy groups united to form a powerful coalition for a specific purpose. The order reflects the actors, their action, and the objective.

sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: The business leaders and community activists forged an unlikely coalition to address urban decay.

This sentence illustrates an unexpected alliance formed to tackle a common problem. The ordering places the diverse members of the coalition first, followed by the action and their shared goal.

/ 168 درست

نمره کامل!

محتوای مرتبط

قواعد دستوری مرتبط

واژه‌های بیشتر Politics

advocate

C1

یعنی حمایت علنی از یه ایده یا شخص و تلاش برای اینکه دیگران رو هم با خودت هم‌نظر کنی.

constitution

C1

A constitution is the system of fundamental principles and laws that govern a nation, state, or social group, determining the powers and duties of the government and guaranteeing certain rights to the people. It can also refer to the physical makeup, structure, or health of a person or object.

allied

B2

وقتی کشورها یا گروه‌ها برای رسیدن به یک هدف مشترک با هم متحد می‌شوند، به آنها «متحد» می‌گویند.

semidictward

C1

توصیف تمایل به سمت وضعیت کنترل یا بیان نیمه اقتدارگرایانه یا سختگیرانه.

ultraposist

C1

An individual who adheres to an extreme or uncompromising version of a specific doctrine, particularly one rooted in strict empirical evidence or rigid philosophical assertions. It describes someone who rejects any nuance or metaphysical explanation in favor of an absolute, often radical, stance.

commissioner

C1

کمیسر مقام ارشد دولتی است که مسئول یک اداره یا سازمان است.

civic

B2

مدنی به شهر و مردم آن و همچنین وظایف شهروندی در قبال جامعه اشاره دارد.

demonstrator

B2

کسی که در تظاهرات شرکت می‌کند یا کسی که نحوه کار با یک دستگاه یا محصول را نشان می‌دهد.

ideology

B2

A comprehensive system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. It refers to a shared set of beliefs held by a group that explains their world and guides their actions.

ministry

B2

وزارتخانه یه بخش دولتیه که کارهای مربوط به یه حوزه خاص مثل بهداشت یا آموزش رو مدیریت می‌کنه و زیر نظر وزیر اداره می‌شه.

مفید بود؟
هنوز نظری وجود ندارد. اولین نفری باشید که افکار خود را به اشتراک می‌گذارد!