horaire در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Horaire primarily means 'schedule' or 'timetable' in French, used for transport, work, and shop opening hours.
- It is a masculine noun (un horaire) but can also function as an adjective meaning 'hourly' or 'relating to time'.
- Commonly confused with 'heure' (time) and 'emploi du temps' (student class schedule), it implies a formal structure.
- Essential for daily life in France, especially for navigating the precise SNCF train network and business hours.
The French word horaire is a versatile term that primarily functions as a noun meaning 'schedule' or 'timetable,' but it also serves as an adjective relating to time or hours. At its core, it represents the structural organization of time within a specific context, whether that be a professional environment, a transportation network, or a personal routine. Understanding 'horaire' is essential for navigating French life, as the culture places a significant emphasis on the rhythm of the day, from the strict opening hours of local bakeries to the precise departures of the TGV trains.
- As a Noun (Un horaire)
- Refers to the document or digital display showing when events occur. For example, 'L'horaire des trains' (The train schedule).
- As a Collective Noun (Les horaires)
- Often used in the plural to refer to working hours or opening times. 'Quels sont vos horaires ?' (What are your hours?).
- As an Adjective (Horaire)
- Relating to an hour or calculated by the hour. 'Le fuseau horaire' (The time zone).
"Veuillez consulter l'horaire affiché à l'entrée de la gare pour connaître les départs immédiats."
In a broader sense, 'horaire' encapsulates the concept of temporal boundaries. Unlike 'temps' (time in general) or 'heure' (the specific time on a clock), 'horaire' implies a plan or a set of rules. When a French person speaks about their 'horaires de travail,' they are discussing the contractual start and end points of their professional day. The word carries a connotation of order and predictability. In administrative contexts, you might encounter 'horaire d'été' (summer schedule) or 'horaire d'hiver' (winter schedule), reflecting the seasonal shifts in French public services and transport.
"Mon horaire est très chargé cette semaine avec les examens finaux."
Furthermore, the term is used in technical fields. In astronomy or navigation, 'angle horaire' refers to the hour angle. In finance, 'taux horaire' refers to the hourly rate of pay. This adaptability makes it one of the most high-frequency words in the French language. Whether you are a tourist trying to catch a bus or a business person negotiating a contract, 'horaire' is the bridge between intention and action in time.
- Horaire de bureau
- Standard office hours, typically 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM in France.
- Horaire décalé
- Shift work or non-traditional hours (e.g., night shifts).
"Le changement d'horaire nous a tous un peu fatigués ce matin."
"L'horaire de la marée est crucial pour les pêcheurs de Bretagne."
Using 'horaire' correctly involves mastering its role as both a noun and an adjective, as well as understanding the prepositions that typically accompany it. Because it deals with time, it is frequently paired with verbs of movement, change, and consultation. The most common way to use it is as a masculine noun: un horaire. When referring to a specific set of times, such as for a business or a train line, it is almost always used with the definite article l'horaire or in the plural les horaires.
1. Discussing Schedules
To ask about a schedule, you can say: 'Quel est l'horaire ?' or 'Quels sont les horaires ?'. In a professional setting, you might discuss 'aménager son horaire' (to adjust one's schedule) or 'respecter l'horaire' (to keep to the schedule). Note that 'horaire' is often followed by the preposition 'de' to indicate what the schedule belongs to: 'l'horaire de la banque', 'l'horaire du vol'.
- Changer d'horaire: To change one's schedule.
- Suivre un horaire: To follow a schedule.
- Un horaire flexible: A flexible schedule (common in modern French workplaces).
2. As an Adjective
When used as an adjective, 'horaire' describes something that occurs every hour or is related to the hour. It follows the noun it modifies. For example, 'une rotation horaire' (an hourly rotation). It is also used in the fixed phrase 'fuseau horaire' (time zone). In this context, it does not change form for gender but does take an 's' in the plural: 'des fuseaux horaires'.
3. Prepositional Usage
The preposition selon is often used: 'selon l'horaire prévu' (according to the planned schedule). If you are talking about something that happens on an hourly basis, you use par: 'payé par horaire' (though 'à l'heure' is more common for pay). For appointments, you might say 'en dehors des horaires d'ouverture' (outside of opening hours).
Example: "Avec mon nouvel emploi, j'ai des horaires très chargés, mais j'apprécie la flexibilité horaire offerte par mon patron."
In this example, 'horaires' (noun) refers to the specific times worked, while 'horaire' (adjective) modifies 'flexibilité' to specify it's about time. Mastering this distinction is a key step toward B1/B2 proficiency.
The word 'horaire' is ubiquitous in French public life. You will encounter it the moment you step into a French airport, train station (gare), or bus stop. It is the language of logistics and daily organization. Here are the primary environments where 'horaire' is the dominant term for time management.
1. Public Transport (SNCF, RATP)
In any 'gare', you will see large boards labeled 'Horaires des trains'. Automated announcements will often say: 'En raison d'un incident technique, les horaires sont modifiés.' If you are looking for a timetable booklet, you ask for 'une fiche horaire'. This is perhaps the most common place for a traveler to use the word.
2. The Workplace
In a French 'entreprise', 'les horaires' are a frequent topic of conversation. You will hear about 'les horaires de bureau' (9-to-5 style), 'faire des horaires de dingue' (to work crazy hours), or 'pointer ses horaires' (to clock in). The 'code du travail' (labor code) strictly regulates 'la durée horaire' (the hourly duration) of work, which is famously 35 hours per week in France.
3. Shops and Services
On the door of a 'boulangerie', 'pharmacie', or 'mairie' (town hall), you will find a sign saying 'Horaires d'ouverture'. If they are closed, the sign might say 'Hors horaires d'ouverture'. In smaller towns, these 'horaires' often include a long break for lunch (la pause déjeuner), typically from 12:00 to 14:00.
4. Media and Broadcasting
TV guides and radio programs refer to their 'grille horaire' (programming schedule). When a show changes its time slot, the presenter might announce a 'changement d'horaire' for the following week.
Pro Tip: When calling a business, you might hear an automated message: "Nos horaires d'ouverture sont du lundi au vendredi..." Listen for the word 'horaires' to know when to expect a human to answer.
Even advanced learners can stumble when using 'horaire' because of its proximity to other time-related words like 'heure', 'temps', and 'planning'. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your French sound much more natural and precise.
1. Confusing 'Horaire' with 'Heure'
This is the most frequent error. 'Heure' refers to the specific point in time or the duration of 60 minutes. 'Horaire' refers to the system or the schedule.
❌ Faux: Quel est l'horaire ? (when you want to know what time it is right now).
✅ Juste: Quelle heure est-il ?
✅ Juste: Quel est l'horaire du train ? (when you want to know the scheduled time).
2. Using 'Horaire' for Personal Appointments
While you can have a 'planning' or a 'rendez-vous', you don't usually say 'mon horaire' for a single meeting. 'Horaire' implies a recurring or official structure.
❌ Faux: J'ai un horaire avec le dentiste.
✅ Juste: J'ai un rendez-vous avec le dentiste.
3. Gender Errors
'Horaire' is masculine. Many learners assume it is feminine because it ends in '-aire' or because they associate it with 'heure' (which is feminine).
❌ Faux: Une bonne horaire.
✅ Juste: Un bon horaire.
4. 'Horaire' vs. 'Emploi du temps'
In an educational context, students use 'emploi du temps'. Using 'horaire' sounds slightly robotic or administrative in this specific case.
❌ Faux: Voici mon horaire de cours.
✅ Juste: Voici mon emploi du temps.
Summary of the 'Heure' vs 'Horaire' rule:
Use heure for 'What time is it?' or 'How many hours?'. Use horaire for 'What is the schedule?' or 'What are the opening hours?'.
To truly master 'horaire', you should understand the nuances of its synonyms and related terms. Each has a specific context where it is preferred over 'horaire'.
- 1. L'emploi du temps
- Specifically used for school or university schedules. It literally means 'use of time'. It describes how a student's week is divided into different subjects.
- 2. Le planning
- A loanword from English, very common in business. It refers to a project schedule or a work plan. It is often more dynamic and subject to change than a formal 'horaire'.
- 3. Le calendrier
- Refers to a calendar (dates, months) rather than specific times of the day. You use 'calendrier' for deadlines and 'horaire' for the time of the meeting.
- 4. La programmation
- Used for festivals, cinemas, or television. It refers to the sequence of events or shows.
- 5. Le créneau
- A 'slot' or a specific window of time. 'Je n'ai pas de créneau libre dans mon horaire' (I don't have a free slot in my schedule).
In technical contexts, you might also encounter l'échéancier (a schedule of payments or deadlines) or la cadence (the rhythm or frequency of a schedule). Choosing the right word depends entirely on whether you are at school, at the office, or at the train station.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Masculine vs Feminine nouns
Definite and Indefinite articles
Adjective placement (after the noun)
Preposition 'de' for possession
Pluralization of nouns ending in -e
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Où est l'horaire des bus ?
Where is the bus schedule?
Masculine singular noun with definite article.
L'horaire est sur le mur.
The schedule is on the wall.
Simple subject-verb-prepositional phrase.
Je regarde l'horaire du train.
I am looking at the train schedule.
Verb 'regarder' + direct object.
Quel est l'horaire pour demain ?
What is the schedule for tomorrow?
Interrogative 'quel' matches masculine 'horaire'.
Le magasin a un nouvel horaire.
The shop has a new schedule.
Adjective 'nouvel' used before a masculine noun starting with a vowel.
Les horaires sont affichés ici.
The schedules are posted here.
Plural noun 'horaires'.
Je n'aime pas cet horaire.
I don't like this schedule.
Demonstrative adjective 'cet' for masculine nouns starting with a vowel.
C'est un horaire facile.
It is an easy schedule.
Indefinite article 'un'.
Mes horaires de travail changent souvent.
My work hours change often.
Possessive adjective 'mes' with plural noun.
Consultez l'horaire avant de partir.
Check the schedule before leaving.
Imperative mood 'consultez'.
La banque a des horaires d'ouverture limités.
The bank has limited opening hours.
Compound noun 'horaires d'ouverture'.
Il respecte toujours l'horaire prévu.
He always respects the planned schedule.
Adjective 'prévu' modifying 'horaire'.
Nous avons un horaire très chargé aujourd'hui.
We have a very busy schedule today.
Adjective 'chargé' following the noun.
L'horaire d'été commence en juin.
The summer schedule starts in June.
Noun complement 'd'été'.
Peux-tu m'envoyer l'horaire par mail ?
Can you send me the schedule by email?
Direct object pronoun 'l''.
Les horaires du métro sont réguliers.
The metro schedules are regular.
Plural agreement of the adjective 'réguliers'.
J'apprécie la flexibilité horaire de mon entreprise.
I appreciate the schedule flexibility of my company.
Adjective 'horaire' modifying 'flexibilité'.
L'amplitude horaire de ce service est impressionnante.
The span of hours of this service is impressive.
Technical term 'amplitude horaire'.
Il travaille en horaires décalés cette semaine.
He is working irregular shifts this week.
Fixed expression 'horaires décalés'.
Le fuseau horaire est différent à New York.
The time zone is different in New York.
Fixed expression 'fuseau horaire'.
Nous devons fixer un horaire pour la réunion.
We need to set a time for the meeting.
Verb 'fixer' used with 'horaire'.
L'horaire de la marée influence la navigation.
The tide schedule influences navigation.
Specific context: maritime.
Il y a eu un changement d'horaire de dernière minute.
There was a last-minute schedule change.
Compound noun 'changement d'horaire'.
Quel est votre taux horaire pour ce projet ?
What is your hourly rate for this project?
Adjective 'horaire' modifying 'taux'.
La réforme des rythmes scolaires a modifié l'horaire des élèves.
The reform of school rhythms changed the students' schedule.
Complex sentence structure.
Il est difficile de concilier vie privée et contraintes horaires.
It is difficult to balance private life and time constraints.
Abstract noun 'contraintes'.
L'entreprise a instauré un crédit horaire pour ses salariés.
The company established a time credit for its employees.
Professional terminology 'crédit horaire'.
La ponctualité dépend du respect strict de l'horaire.
Punctuality depends on strict adherence to the schedule.
Noun 'respect' followed by 'de'.
Les variations horaires peuvent causer du décalage horaire.
Time variations can cause jet lag.
Double use of 'horaire' as adjective.
Le volume horaire de cette formation est de 200 heures.
The total hours of this training is 200 hours.
Academic term 'volume horaire'.
L'horaire de passage du bus est purement indicatif.
The bus arrival time is purely indicative.
Adverb 'purement' modifying 'indicatif'.
Elle a dû réorganiser tout son horaire hebdomadaire.
She had to reorganize her entire weekly schedule.
Adjective 'hebdomadaire' (weekly).
L'optimisation des flux nécessite une gestion horaire rigoureuse.
Flow optimization requires rigorous time management.
Formal register.
L'amplitude horaire des commerces est un sujet de débat politique.
The opening hours of shops is a subject of political debate.
Sociopolitical context.
La synchronisation horaire est cruciale pour les systèmes informatiques.
Time synchronization is crucial for computer systems.
Technical/Scientific context.
Le décalage horaire affecte le rythme circadien des voyageurs.
Jet lag affects the circadian rhythm of travelers.
Scientific terminology.
L'horaire de la séance a été avancé pour accommoder les invités.
The session time was moved forward to accommodate the guests.
Passive voice 'a été avancé'.
Une tarification horaire dégressive a été mise en place.
A degressive hourly pricing system has been implemented.
Economic terminology.
L'horaire, bien que théorique, sert de base à la planification.
The schedule, although theoretical, serves as a basis for planning.
Concessive clause 'bien que'.
Il s'agit d'une contrainte horaire majeure pour le projet.
This is a major time constraint for the project.
Formal expression 'Il s'agit de'.
L'hégémonie de l'horaire industriel a transformé notre rapport au temps.
The hegemony of the industrial schedule has transformed our relationship with time.
Philosophical/Sociological register.
La précision horaire des horloges atomiques est stupéfiante.
The time precision of atomic clocks is astounding.
Scientific precision.
Le texte explore la dissolution de l'horaire dans le travail numérique.
The text explores the dissolution of the schedule in digital work.
Literary analysis.
L'angle horaire d'un astre varie selon la position de l'observateur.
The hour angle of a celestial body varies according to the observer's position.
Astronomy terminology.
L'horaire n'est plus une cage, mais un cadre malléable.
The schedule is no longer a cage, but a malleable framework.
Metaphorical usage.
La rigidité horaire est souvent perçue comme un vestige du passé.
Schedule rigidity is often perceived as a vestige of the past.
Abstract noun 'rigidité'.
L'interconnexion des réseaux impose une harmonisation horaire mondiale.
The interconnection of networks imposes a global time harmonization.
Globalist/Technical context.
Il a fallu ajuster l'horaire pour pallier les imprévus logistiques.
The schedule had to be adjusted to compensate for logistical unforeseen events.
High-level verb 'pallier'.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
Used for shop hours.
Used for timetables.
Used for contracts and work hours.
- Saying 'une horaire' (it is masculine).
- Using 'horaire' to mean 'the time' (use 'heure').
- Confusing 'horaire' with 'emploi du temps' for school.
- Pronouncing the 'h'.
- Using 'horaire' for a single appointment (use 'rendez-vous').
نکات
Gender Tip
Associate 'horaire' with 'un calendrier' (masculine) to remember its gender. Even though it ends in 'e', it is not feminine. This will help you avoid the most common mistake. Practice saying 'un bon horaire' repeatedly.
Synonym Nuance
Use 'planning' for projects and 'horaire' for fixed times. If you are talking about a work project, 'planning' is better. If you are talking about when you start work, 'horaire' is the right choice. This makes you sound more professional.
Silent H
Never pronounce the 'H' in 'horaire'. It is an 'h muet'. This means you must link it with the article: 'l'horaire' (lo-rare). If you pronounce the H, it will sound very non-native.
Shop Hours
In France, 'horaires' are not suggestions. If a shop closes at 19:00, they will often stop letting people in at 18:45. Always check the 'horaires d'ouverture' before you travel to a small town. Lunch breaks are very common.
Plural Usage
When talking about work, always use the plural 'mes horaires'. It sounds more natural than the singular. 'Mes horaires sont flexibles' is better than 'Mon horaire est flexible'. It refers to the start and end times together.
Hourly Rate
If you are a freelancer, use 'taux horaire' to discuss your pay. This is the standard term in contracts. You might say 'Mon taux horaire est de 50 euros'. It is clear and professional.
SNCF Apps
The best way to see 'horaires' in France is the SNCF Connect app. It gives real-time updates. If a train is late, the 'horaire' will be updated with 'retard'. This is essential for modern travel.
Emailing
When suggesting a meeting, say 'Est-ce que cet horaire vous convient ?'. This is a polite and standard way to ask if a time works for someone. It is better than 'Est-ce que cette heure est bonne ?'.
Busy Schedule
Use 'horaire chargé' instead of 'horaire plein'. 'Chargé' (loaded/busy) is the correct colocation. 'Mon horaire est très chargé cette semaine' sounds like a native speaker. It's a very useful phrase.
Context Clues
Look for 'horaire' on doors and websites. It is one of the most visible words in French public space. By noticing it in the wild, you will reinforce your memory of its meaning and gender.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Latin 'horarius'
بافت فرهنگی
The primary source of 'horaires' for travelers.
The legal work week in France.
Many shops close between 12:00 and 14:00.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Quels sont tes horaires de travail cette semaine ?"
"Est-ce que l'horaire du train a changé ?"
"Tu préfères les horaires flexibles ou fixes ?"
"Quel est le fuseau horaire à Tokyo ?"
"On se fixe quel horaire pour le dîner ?"
موضوعات نگارش
Décrivez votre horaire quotidien idéal.
Est-ce que vous préférez travailler avec un horaire strict ?
Racontez une fois où vous avez raté un train à cause de l'horaire.
Comment gérez-vous votre horaire quand vous êtes en vacances ?
L'horaire de 35 heures est-il une bonne idée ?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالIt is masculine. You say 'un horaire' or 'le bel horaire'. This is a common mistake because 'heure' is feminine. Always remember it is 'un'.
You can, but 'emploi du temps' is much more common for students. 'Horaire' sounds more like the hours the school is open rather than your specific classes. Use 'emploi du temps' for your weekly subjects.
It means 'jet lag'. It literally translates to 'time schedule shift'. You use it when you travel across time zones and feel tired. It is a very common phrase.
You should ask, 'Quels sont les horaires d'ouverture ?'. This is the most natural way. You can also say 'C'est ouvert de quelle heure à quelle heure ?' in informal speech.
Yes, it is. For example, 'un fuseau horaire' (a time zone) or 'un taux horaire' (an hourly rate). It follows the noun it describes and agrees in number.
It is an idiom meaning someone has a very, very busy schedule. It implies that every minute of their day is planned, like a government minister. It's often used ironically.
Yes, as an adjective. 'Un salaire horaire' is an hourly wage. However, to say 'every hour', you usually say 'toutes les heures' or 'chaque heure'.
It is a printed or digital timetable, usually for a specific train or bus line. You can find them at stations or download them as PDFs. They show all stops and times.
Yes, it becomes 'horaires'. The pronunciation remains the same because the 's' is silent. 'Les horaires' is very common when referring to work or shop hours.
It is a standard word. It's not overly formal, but it is more precise than 'heure'. It's used in both daily conversation and official documents.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Mastering 'horaire' allows you to navigate French logistics and professional environments with precision. It moves you beyond simply telling time to understanding the organized systems of time that govern French society, from trains to labor laws.
- Horaire primarily means 'schedule' or 'timetable' in French, used for transport, work, and shop opening hours.
- It is a masculine noun (un horaire) but can also function as an adjective meaning 'hourly' or 'relating to time'.
- Commonly confused with 'heure' (time) and 'emploi du temps' (student class schedule), it implies a formal structure.
- Essential for daily life in France, especially for navigating the precise SNCF train network and business hours.
Gender Tip
Associate 'horaire' with 'un calendrier' (masculine) to remember its gender. Even though it ends in 'e', it is not feminine. This will help you avoid the most common mistake. Practice saying 'un bon horaire' repeatedly.
Synonym Nuance
Use 'planning' for projects and 'horaire' for fixed times. If you are talking about a work project, 'planning' is better. If you are talking about when you start work, 'horaire' is the right choice. This makes you sound more professional.
Silent H
Never pronounce the 'H' in 'horaire'. It is an 'h muet'. This means you must link it with the article: 'l'horaire' (lo-rare). If you pronounce the H, it will sound very non-native.
Shop Hours
In France, 'horaires' are not suggestions. If a shop closes at 19:00, they will often stop letting people in at 18:45. Always check the 'horaires d'ouverture' before you travel to a small town. Lunch breaks are very common.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر daily_life
à l'arrière de
B2At the back of; behind.
à l'heure
B1On time, punctual.
à vrai dire
B2در واقع؛ اگر راستش را بخواهید.
abîmé
A2آسیب دیده
abordable
A2مقرون به صرفه یا دارای قیمت مناسب؛ همچنین برای فردی که خوشبرخورد است.
accélérateur
B2پدالی در خودرو که سرعت را کنترل میکند؛ گاز.
accident
A2یک رویداد غیرمنتظره و ناگهانی که اغلب منجر به آسیب یا جراحت می شود. تصادف یا اتفاقی که بدون قصد رخ می دهد.
accompagné
B1همراه؛ داشتن کسی یا چیزی در کنار خود.
achat
A2Purchase, the act of buying something.
activer
B2to activate, to enable
