तकनीकी शब्दावली در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Refers to the specialized vocabulary or jargon used in professional, scientific, or academic fields.
- A compound of 'takniki' (technical) and 'shabdavali' (vocabulary), functioning as a feminine noun phrase.
- Essential for formal communication, professional Hindi writing, and understanding specialized textbooks or manuals.
- Often involves a mix of Sanskrit-derived terms and transliterated English words to ensure precision.
The term तकनीकी शब्दावली (taknīkī śabdāvalī) is a compound noun used to describe the specialized set of words, terms, and expressions used within a specific profession, craft, or field of study. In English, we most commonly refer to this as 'technical terminology' or simply 'jargon.' While 'shabdavali' refers to any collection of words (vocabulary), the adjective 'takniki' restricts it to the realm of technicality, science, technology, and formal expertise. This word is essential for anyone moving beyond basic conversational Hindi into professional, academic, or specialized environments.
- Professional Context
- In a corporate meeting, a developer might say they are struggling with the 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' of a new software framework. It implies that the words used are not common everyday Hindi but are specific to coding and engineering.
Historically, Hindi has faced a unique challenge with technical terminology. Post-independence, the Indian government established the 'Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology' (CSTT) to create standardized Hindi equivalents for English scientific terms. Therefore, when you encounter 'तकनीकी शब्दावली,' you are often looking at a blend of pure Sanskrit-derived words (Tatsama) and transliterated English words that have been 'Hindized.' For example, in a medical context, the 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' for 'blood pressure' is 'रक्तचाप' (raktachāp), though many people simply use the English term.
इस दस्तावेज़ को समझने के लिए आपको तकनीकी शब्दावली का ज्ञान होना आवश्यक है। (To understand this document, knowledge of technical terminology is necessary.)
The word is frequently used in education. When a student transitions from general Hindi to studying a subject like Physics or Economics in Hindi, the primary hurdle is mastering the 'तकनीकी शब्दावली.' It isn't just about knowing the words; it's about understanding the specific concepts those words represent. For instance, in legal Hindi, 'शब्दावली' becomes extremely precise, where a slight change in a term can change the legal meaning of a contract. This precision is what defines 'takniki'—it is language stripped of ambiguity.
- Academic Usage
- Universities often publish glossaries of 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' to help students bridge the gap between English-medium schooling and Hindi-medium higher education.
कंप्यूटर विज्ञान की तकनीकी शब्दावली काफी जटिल हो सकती है। (The technical terminology of computer science can be quite complex.)
Furthermore, the use of this phrase signals a high level of register. If you use 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' instead of just saying 'कठिन शब्द' (difficult words), you are signaling that you recognize the specialized nature of the discourse. It is a marker of intellectual engagement. In the era of globalization, Hindi 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' is evolving rapidly, incorporating words from Information Technology, Space Science, and Global Finance, making it a dynamic field for linguists and learners alike.
Using तकनीकी शब्दावली correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a feminine noun phrase. Because 'शब्दावली' (vocabulary) ends in the long 'ī' sound, it is feminine, and the adjective 'तकनीकी' (technical) remains constant regardless of the gender of the speaker, but it must agree with the feminine noun it modifies. You will often see it followed by postpositions like 'का', 'की', 'के' (of) or 'में' (in).
- Subject of a Sentence
- When it is the subject, it often takes feminine verb forms. Example: 'चिकित्सा की तकनीकी शब्दावली कठिन है' (The technical terminology of medicine is difficult). Here, 'है' is used, but if you were describing its characteristics, you would use feminine adjectives.
इंजीनियरिंग की तकनीकी शब्दावली को समझना आसान नहीं है। (Understanding the technical terminology of engineering is not easy.)
In professional writing, you often use it to define the scope of a discussion. For instance, 'इस लेख में हम केवल तकनीकी शब्दावली पर ध्यान केंद्रित करेंगे' (In this article, we will focus only on technical terminology). Notice how it acts as an object here. Because it is a compound, you treat the entire phrase as one unit of meaning. You wouldn't typically pluralize 'शब्दावली' to 'शब्दावलियाँ' unless you are talking about the distinct terminologies of multiple different fields (e.g., 'विभिन्न विषयों की तकनीकी शब्दावलियाँ' - The technical terminologies of various subjects).
Another common pattern is using it with verbs like 'सीखना' (to learn), 'अपनाना' (to adopt), or 'विकसित करना' (to develop). For example, 'सरकार हिंदी में नई तकनीकी शब्दावली विकसित कर रही है' (The government is developing new technical terminology in Hindi). This reflects the ongoing process of linguistic modernization in India. In a classroom, a teacher might say, 'आज हम इस पाठ की तकनीकी शब्दावली लिखेंगे' (Today we will write the technical terminology of this lesson).
क्या आप इस सॉफ्टवेयर की तकनीकी शब्दावली से परिचित हैं? (Are you familiar with the technical terminology of this software?)
Finally, it is worth noting that in casual conversation, if someone uses too much technical jargon, you might hear a sarcastic or frustrated remark: 'इतनी तकनीकी शब्दावली का प्रयोग मत करो, आम भाषा में समझाओ' (Don't use so much technical terminology, explain in common language). This highlights the contrast between 'technical' language and 'common' (आम) language.
You are most likely to encounter तकनीकी शब्दावली in formal and structured environments. It is not a word you would typically use while buying vegetables or chatting with friends about a movie, unless the movie itself is about a highly technical subject like space travel or hacking.
- In News and Media
- Hindi news channels (like Rajya Sabha TV or BBC Hindi) frequently use this term when discussing government policy, scientific breakthroughs, or economic reports. A news anchor might say, 'आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण में उपयोग की गई तकनीकी शब्दावली को समझना ज़रूरी है' (It is important to understand the technical terminology used in the Economic Survey).
वैज्ञानिकों ने अपनी रिपोर्ट में बहुत ही सटीक तकनीकी शब्दावली का उपयोग किया है। (Scientists have used very precise technical terminology in their report.)
In the corporate world, specifically in Indian offices where Hindi is the medium of communication (common in North Indian state government offices or PSUs like ONGC or BHEL), this term is a staple. During training sessions, HR might provide a manual and say, 'इस नियमावली में दी गई तकनीकी शब्दावली का अध्ययन करें' (Study the technical terminology given in this manual). It is also prevalent in the translation industry. Translators often discuss the challenges of finding the right 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' for a new app or medical device.
Higher education is another major arena. Students pursuing degrees in Hindi medium for subjects like Political Science, Sociology, or History must master the specific 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' of their discipline to write their exams effectively. Textbooks often have a 'Glossary' section titled 'पारिभाषिक शब्दावली' (Definitional Terminology) or 'तकनीकी शब्दावली'. Even in law courts, while arguments might be in a mix of Hindi and English, the official records and formal petitions rely heavily on specialized legal Hindi terminology.
अदालत की तकनीकी शब्दावली आम आदमी की समझ से बाहर होती है। (The technical terminology of the court is beyond the understanding of the common man.)
Lastly, you will hear it in documentaries. Whether it's a National Geographic special dubbed in Hindi or a local production about agriculture, the narrator will use 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' to describe biological processes or mechanical functions, often providing a simpler explanation immediately afterward for the general audience.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing तकनीकी शब्दावली (technical terminology) with तकनीक (technology). While they are related, 'तकनीक' refers to the method or the technology itself, whereas 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' refers to the *words* used to describe it. Saying 'मुझे इस फोन की तकनीक नहीं पता' means you don't know how the phone works. Saying 'मुझे इस फोन की तकनीकी शब्दावली नहीं पता' means you don't know the names of the parts or the specs in Hindi.
- Gender Agreement
- Learners often treat 'शब्दावली' as masculine because many Hindi words for 'collection' or 'group' can be masculine. However, it is strictly feminine. Mistake: 'यह तकनीकी शब्दावली बहुत कठिन *था*' (Incorrect). Correct: 'यह तकनीकी शब्दावली बहुत कठिन *थी*' (Correct).
गलत: वह तकनीकी शब्दावली का अच्छा जानकार है। (Correct, but note the 'की' vs 'का' usage with 'शब्दावली').
Another mistake is over-relying on it in casual settings. Using high-level 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' with friends can make you sound pretentious or robotic. It's important to match the register to the situation. In a social gathering, instead of 'तकनीकी शब्दावली,' you might just say 'मुश्किल शब्द' (difficult words) or 'काम की बातें' (work talk). Conversely, in a formal exam, using 'मुश्किल शब्द' instead of 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' might make your writing look amateurish.
Pronunciation of the 'sh' (श) in 'shabdavali' is also a common pitfall. It should be a soft 'sh' as in 'shoe,' not a hard 's' as in 'snake.' Mispronouncing it as 'sabdavali' is a common regional error in some parts of India, but for a standard Hindi learner, the 'sh' sound is preferred. Also, ensure the 'v' (व) is a soft labiodental sound, not a heavy English 'w'.
सावधान: 'तकनीकी' में 'न' पर बड़ी 'ई' की मात्रा है, इसे छोटा न करें। (Careful: The 'n' in 'takniki' has a long 'i' sound; don't shorten it.)
Finally, when using it with plural fields, remember the possessive 'के'. Example: 'विज्ञान और गणित के तकनीकी शब्दावली' is incorrect because the possessive must agree with the feminine noun 'शब्दावली'. It should be 'विज्ञान और गणित *की* तकनीकी शब्दावली'. The 'की' stays feminine because 'शब्दावली' is feminine, regardless of how many masculine subjects (science/math) precede it.
While तकनीकी शब्दावली is the most direct translation for 'technical terminology,' there are several other terms you might encounter depending on the context and the level of formality required.
- पारिभाषिक शब्दावली (Pāribhāṣik Śabdāvalī)
- This is perhaps the most common academic alternative. 'Paribhashik' means 'definitional' or 'terminological.' It is used specifically for words that have been officially defined for a particular field. While 'तकनीकी' sounds more like 'tech/engineering,' 'पारिभाषिक' sounds more 'scholarly/official.'
If you are looking for something simpler, you might use विशिष्ट शब्दावली (Viśiṣṭ Śabdāvalī), which means 'specialized vocabulary.' This is a broader term that can apply to the slang of a hobby, the specific words of a sport, or the jargon of a subculture. 'Takniki' is strictly for professional or scientific fields, while 'Vishisht' is for any specific group.
तुलना: 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' (Technical) बनाम 'आम शब्दावली' (Common vocabulary).
In very formal or Sanskritized Hindi, you might encounter पारिभाषिक शब्द (Pāribhāṣik Śabd), which just means 'technical terms.' This is used when referring to individual words rather than the collection as a whole. For example, 'इस लेख में कई कठिन पारिभाषिक शब्द हैं' (There are many difficult technical terms in this article).
Another alternative used in the context of computer software localization is शब्दावली सूची (Vocabulary List/Glossary). When developers provide a list of terms to be translated, they call it a 'shabdavali suchi.' In legal contexts, you might hear विधिक शब्दावली (Vidhik Śabdāvalī), which specifically refers to 'Legal Terminology.' Similarly, वैज्ञानिक शब्दावली (Vaijñānik Śabdāvalī) refers to 'Scientific Terminology.'
- Summary Table
- तकनीकी शब्दावली: General technical/engineering jargon.
- पारिभाषिक शब्दावली: Formal/Academic terminology.
- विशिष्ट शब्दावली: Specialized/Niche vocabulary.
- विषय-विशिष्ट शब्दावली: Subject-specific vocabulary.
Choosing between these depends on your audience. For a general audience, 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' is the most recognizable. In a PhD thesis, 'पारिभाषिक शब्दावली' is more appropriate. In a casual blog post about a hobby, 'विशिष्ट शब्दावली' works best.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'sh' as 's' (sabdavali).
- Shortening the long 'i' sounds at the end of both words.
- Pronouncing the 't' as an alveolar English 't' instead of a dental Hindi 't'.
- Treating the 'v' as a heavy 'w'.
- Missing the 'h' in 'shabda' (it's often silent in fast speech but th
مثالها بر اساس سطح
यह एक तकनीकी शब्द है।
This is a technical word.
Simple subject-predicate structure with 'hai'.
मुझे शब्दावली पसंद है।
I like vocabulary.
Using 'pasand hai' with a feminine noun.
कंप्यूटर की शब्दावली क्या है?
What is the vocabulary of the computer?
Possessive 'ki' agreeing with 'shabdavali'.
यह किताब तकनीकी है।
This book is technical.
Adjective 'takniki' describing 'kitab'.
नया शब्द सीखो।
Learn the new word.
Imperative form 'seekho'.
वह शब्दावली पढ़ती है।
She reads the vocabulary.
Present simple feminine 'padhti hai'.
तकनीकी शब्द मुश्किल हैं।
Technical words are difficult.
Plural 'shabd' with plural verb 'hain'.
यह मेरी शब्दावली है।
This is my vocabulary.
Possessive 'meri' agreeing with 'shabdavali'.
मुझे विज्ञान की तकनीकी शब्दावली नहीं आती।
I don't know the technical terminology of science.
Using 'aati' for knowledge/skills.
क्या आप तकनीकी शब्दावली का उपयोग करते हैं?
Do you use technical terminology?
Direct object with 'ka upyog karna'.
यह शब्दावली बहुत लंबी है।
This vocabulary is very long.
Adjective 'lambi' agreeing with 'shabdavali'.
डॉक्टर अपनी तकनीकी शब्दावली जानते हैं।
Doctors know their technical terminology.
Reflexive possessive 'apni'.
हमें नई तकनीकी शब्दावली सीखनी चाहिए।
We should learn new technical terminology.
Modal 'chahiye' with feminine verb 'seekhni'.
इस पाठ में तकनीकी शब्दावली दी गई है।
Technical terminology is given in this lesson.
Passive construction 'di gayi hai'.
मैं अपनी शब्दावली बढ़ाना चाहता हूँ।
I want to increase my vocabulary.
Infinitive 'badhana' with 'chahta hoon'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का अभ्यास करें।
Practice the technical terminology.
Polite imperative 'karen'.
इंटरनेट की तकनीकी शब्दावली रोज़ बदलती है।
The technical terminology of the internet changes every day.
Present habitual feminine 'badalti hai'.
इंजीनियरों के लिए तकनीकी शब्दावली बहुत ज़रूरी है।
Technical terminology is very important for engineers.
Postpositional phrase 'ke liye'.
क्या आप इस मशीन की तकनीकी शब्दावली समझा सकते हैं?
Can you explain the technical terminology of this machine?
Ability with 'sakte hain'.
लेखक ने बहुत ही सटीक तकनीकी शब्दावली का प्रयोग किया है।
The author has used very precise technical terminology.
Present perfect with 'ka prayog kiya hai'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली के बिना विषय को समझना मुश्किल है।
Without technical terminology, it is difficult to understand the subject.
Negative condition 'ke bina'.
हमें आधिकारिक तकनीकी शब्दावली का पालन करना चाहिए।
We should follow the official technical terminology.
Adjective 'adhikarik' modifying the phrase.
इस शब्दकोश में केवल तकनीकी शब्दावली है।
This dictionary contains only technical terminology.
Locative 'mein' with 'hai'.
मैंने आज नई तकनीकी शब्दावली सीखी।
I learned new technical terminology today.
Simple past feminine 'seekhi'.
अनुवादक को कानूनी तकनीकी शब्दावली का गहरा ज्ञान होना चाहिए।
The translator should have deep knowledge of legal technical terminology.
Dative subject 'ko' with 'hona chahiye'.
हिंदी में नई तकनीकी शब्दावली का निर्माण एक सतत प्रक्रिया है।
The creation of new technical terminology in Hindi is a continuous process.
Abstract noun 'nirman' as subject.
विदेशी शब्दों को तकनीकी शब्दावली में शामिल करना ज़रूरी है।
It is necessary to include foreign words in technical terminology.
Gerund 'shamil karna' as subject.
तकनीकी शब्दावली के प्रयोग से लेख अधिक प्रभावशाली बनता है।
The use of technical terminology makes the article more impactful.
Instrumental 'ke prayog se'.
छात्रों को तकनीकी शब्दावली के अर्थ स्पष्ट होने चाहिए।
The meanings of the technical terminology should be clear to the students.
Plural subject 'arth' with 'hone chahiye'.
यह रिपोर्ट तकनीकी शब्दावली से भरी हुई है।
This report is full of technical terminology.
Adjective phrase 'se bhari hui'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का मानकीकरण सरकार की ज़िम्मेदारी है।
Standardization of technical terminology is the government's responsibility.
Compound noun 'mandakikaran'.
यदि आप तकनीकी शब्दावली जानते हैं, तो आप बेहतर संवाद कर सकते हैं।
If you know the technical terminology, you can communicate better.
Conditional 'yadi... to'.
वैज्ञानिक लेखों में तकनीकी शब्दावली की सटीकता सर्वोपरि है।
Precision of technical terminology is paramount in scientific articles.
High-register word 'sarvopari'.
पारिभाषिक शब्दावली आयोग हिंदी में तकनीकी शब्दावली विकसित करता है।
The Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology develops technical terminology in Hindi.
Proper noun phrase as subject.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का अत्यधिक प्रयोग कभी-कभी संचार में बाधा डालता है।
Excessive use of technical terminology sometimes hinders communication.
Verb phrase 'badha dalta hai'.
विभिन्न भाषाओं की तकनीकी शब्दावली में समानता हो सकती है।
There can be similarities in the technical terminology of different languages.
Possibility with 'ho sakti hai'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का विकास समाज की प्रगति का सूचक है।
The development of technical terminology is an indicator of society's progress.
Genitive 'ka' linking abstract concepts.
अनुवाद करते समय तकनीकी शब्दावली के सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ का ध्यान रखें।
While translating, keep in mind the cultural context of the technical terminology.
Participle 'karte samay'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का उचित चयन विशेषज्ञता की निशानी है।
The appropriate selection of technical terminology is a sign of expertise.
Abstract noun 'nishani'.
आधुनिक युग में तकनीकी शब्दावली का दायरा व्यापक हो गया है।
In the modern era, the scope of technical terminology has become broad.
Perfective 'ho gaya hai'.
हिंदी तकनीकी शब्दावली के निर्माण में संस्कृत धातुओं की भूमिका अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है।
The role of Sanskrit roots in the construction of Hindi technical terminology is extremely important.
Highly formal 'atyant mahatvapurn'.
भूमंडलीकरण के दौर में तकनीकी शब्दावली का हाइब्रिडाइजेशन अपरिहार्य है।
In the era of globalization, the hybridization of technical terminology is inevitable.
Loanword 'hybridization' used in formal Hindi.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का मानकीकरण न केवल भाषाई बल्कि राष्ट्रीय आवश्यकता भी है।
Standardization of technical terminology is not only a linguistic but also a national necessity.
Correlative 'na keval... balki... bhi'.
क्या तकनीकी शब्दावली का बोधगम्य होना उसके पारिभाषिक होने से अधिक महत्वपूर्ण है?
Is the intelligibility of technical terminology more important than its definitional precision?
Interrogative with complex abstract nouns.
सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी की तकनीकी शब्दावली ने जनमानस की भाषा को गहराई से प्रभावित किया है।
The technical terminology of Information Technology has deeply influenced the language of the masses.
Present perfect with 'prabhavit kiya hai'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली के कोश निर्माण में अनेक भाषाई चुनौतियों का सामना करना पड़ता है।
One has to face many linguistic challenges in the compilation of technical terminology dictionaries.
Passive habitual 'samna karna padta hai'.
तकनीकी शब्दावली के माध्यम से ही हम जटिल वैज्ञानिक सिद्धांतों का विवेचन कर सकते हैं।
Only through technical terminology can we analyze complex scientific principles.
Emphasis particle 'hi' after 'madhyam se'.
साहित्य और तकनीकी शब्दावली का संगम एक नई भाषाई चेतना को जन्म देता है।
The confluence of literature and technical terminology gives birth to a new linguistic consciousness.
Metaphorical use of 'sangam' and 'chetna'.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— Using technical terms or 'In technical terms...'
तकनीकी शब्दावली में कहें तो, यह एक 'बग' है।
— To be familiar with technical terms.
क्या आप इस क्षेत्र की तकनीकी शब्दावली से परिचित हैं?
— A web of technical jargon (often used negatively).
वह तकनीकी शब्दावली के जाल में उलझ गया।
— Simplification of technical terminology.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का सरलीकरण आवश्यक है।
— The technical terminology of the subject.
हर विषय की अपनी तकनीकी शब्दावली होती है।
— A repository or treasure of technical terms.
यह पुस्तक तकनीकी शब्दावली का भंडार है।
— Translation of technical terminology.
तकनीकी शब्दावली का अनुवाद एक कठिन कार्य है।
— The standardized form of technical terminology.
हमें तकनीकी शब्दावली का मानकीकृत रूप अपनाना चाहिए।
— The complexity of technical terminology.
तकनीकी शब्दावली की जटिलता से छात्र परेशान हैं।
— The level of technical terminology.
इस लेख में तकनीकी शब्दावली का स्तर ऊँचा है।
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— A deceptive web of words; often used when someone uses too much jargon to confuse others.
नेताजी ने अपने तकनीकी शब्दावली के मायाजाल में सबको फँसा लिया।
Figurative— To split hairs; to be excessively pedantic about small technical details.
वह तकनीकी शब्दावली में बाल की खाल निकालता है।
Colloquial— To rote learn like a parrot without understanding; often said of students learning terminology.
तकनीकी शब्दावली को तोते की तरह रटने से काम नहीं चलेगा।
Informal— To go over one's head; used when technical terminology is too difficult to understand.
उसकी तकनीकी शब्दावली मेरे सिर के ऊपर से गई।
Slang/Informal— To say a lot in a few words; precise technical terms often do this.
एक सटीक तकनीकी शब्दावली गागर में सागर भर देती है।
Literary— Something unchangeable; often used for standardized technical definitions.
आधिकारिक तकनीकी शब्दावली पत्थर की लकीर की तरह होती है।
Common— To do one's own thing; used when a field develops its own jargon that others don't follow.
वैज्ञानिक अपनी तकनीकी शब्दावली की खिचड़ी अलग ही पकाते हैं।
Informal— Big name, little substance; used for complex terms that describe simple things.
इस तकनीकी शब्दावली के नाम बड़े और दर्शन छोटे हैं।
Common— A very difficult task; like mastering complex technical terminology.
कानूनी तकनीकी शब्दावली सीखना लोहे के चने चबाने जैसा है।
Common— To make a beginning; often used when starting to learn a new field's vocabulary.
आज हम नई तकनीकी शब्दावली का श्री गणेश करेंगे।
Formal/TraditionalSummary
Mastering 'तकनीकी शब्दावली' is the bridge between conversational Hindi and professional fluency. For example: 'चिकित्सा की तकनीकी शब्दावली' (Medical technical terminology) allows a doctor to communicate specific diagnoses that common words cannot express.
- Refers to the specialized vocabulary or jargon used in professional, scientific, or academic fields.
- A compound of 'takniki' (technical) and 'shabdavali' (vocabulary), functioning as a feminine noun phrase.
- Essential for formal communication, professional Hindi writing, and understanding specialized textbooks or manuals.
- Often involves a mix of Sanskrit-derived terms and transliterated English words to ensure precision.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر academic
आचार्य
B1یک معلم محترم، دانشمند یا استاد که نه تنها دانش، بلکه اخلاق را نیز آموزش میدهد.
आगे चलकर
B1در آینده، بعدها. به معنای اتفاقی است که با گذشت زمان رخ میدهد.
आकलन
B1ارزیابی یا تخمین ماهیت، کیفیت یا توانایی کسی یا چیزی.
आकलन करना
B1ارزیابی کردن یا سنجیدن. ما باید وضعیت را به دقت ارزیابی کنیم.
आँकना
B1تخمین زدن یا ارزیابی ارزش، مقدار یا وسعت چیزی. ۱. او قیمت خانه را تخمین زد. ۲. حریف خود را دست کم نگیرید.
आंकना
B1ارزیابی کردن یا تخمین زدن. 'او وضعیت را ارزیابی کرد' (Usne stithi ko āńkā).
आंकड़ा
A2دادهها، آمار، ارقام. برای نشان دادن اطلاعات عددی استفاده میشود.
आँकड़े
B1دادهها یا آمارهای جمعآوری شده برای تجزیه و تحلیل. 'آمار (आँकड़े) نشاندهنده پیشرفت است.'
आँकड़ा
B1حقایق و آمارهای جمعآوری شده برای مرجع یا تحلیل؛ دادهها.
आंकड़े
B1حقایق و آماری که برای ارجاع یا تجزیه و تحلیل با هم جمع آوری شده اند.
