A2 verb #2,500 پرکاربردترین 5 دقیقه مطالعه

विवाह करना

To marry; to become married to someone.

vivah karna
At the A1 level, you just need to know that 'विवाह करना' means 'to marry'. It is a more formal version of 'शादी करना'. You might use it in very simple sentences like 'I want to marry' (मैं विवाह करना चाहता हूँ). At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex grammar; just focus on recognizing the word when you see it on a formal document or hear it in a movie. It consists of two parts: 'Vivah' (marriage) and 'Karna' (to do). Think of it as 'doing a marriage'. It is a useful word to know because it appears in many basic stories and introductions about family members.
At the A2 level, you should start using 'विवाह करना' with the correct postposition 'से'. Remember: 'Subject + Person + से + विवाह करना'. For example, 'राज ने सिमरन से विवाह किया'. You should also be able to conjugate it in the simple past, present, and future. You will notice that in the past tense, we use 'ने' with the subject. This is a great word to practice your 'ne' constructions. You might also encounter it in descriptions of festivals or family traditions. It is slightly more 'polite' than 'shadi karna', so using it shows you are developing a better sense of Hindi social registers.
At the B1 level, you can use 'विवाह करना' to discuss social issues, future plans, and traditions in more detail. You should understand the difference between 'विवाह करना' (to marry someone) and 'विवाह होना' (to get married/marriage to happen). You can start using it in complex sentences with conjunctions, like 'वह विवाह करना चाहता था, लेकिन उसके माता-पिता तैयार नहीं थे' (He wanted to marry, but his parents were not ready). You should also be familiar with related terms like 'विवाह समारोह' (marriage ceremony) and 'अंतरजातीय विवाह' (inter-caste marriage), which are common topics in intermediate Hindi conversations.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'विवाह करना' in formal writing and debates. You can discuss the legalities of marriage, such as 'कोर्ट मैरिज' vs 'पारंपरिक विवाह'. You should understand the nuance that 'विवाह' is a Sanskritized word and is preferred in academic or official contexts. You can use it to describe abstract concepts, like 'विचारों का विवाह' (a marriage of ideas). Your grammar should be precise, especially with the ergative 'ne' and the agreement of the verb with the masculine noun 'विवाह'. You might also start exploring the passive voice: 'उनका विवाह संपन्न किया गया' (Their marriage was solemnized).
At the C1 level, 'विवाह करना' is part of a broader sophisticated vocabulary. You should be able to distinguish it from 'परिणय' or 'उद्वह'. You can use it to analyze literature or historical texts where the 'Vivah' is a central theme (like the Ramayana). You should understand its use in idiomatic expressions and how it contrasts with modern concepts of 'live-in relationships'. You can write essays on the 'institution of marriage' (विवाह की संस्था) and use the verb to describe the evolution of social contracts in India. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's weight and its implications in different Indian communities.
At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'विवाह करना'. You understand its etymological roots in Sanskrit (Vi + Vah) and how that influences its meaning of 'leading the bride away'. You can use it in high-level legal drafting, poetic compositions, or philosophical discourse. You can appreciate the subtle difference between 'विवाह करना' and 'वैवाहिक सूत्र में बंधना' in terms of poetic meter and emotional resonance. You are capable of discussing the nuances of 'Gandharva Vivah' versus 'Brahma Vivah' and other ancient forms of marriage mentioned in the Shastras, using the verb with absolute grammatical and contextual precision.

विवाह करना در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Formal term for 'to marry' in Hindi.
  • Requires the postposition 'se' (with) for the partner.
  • Sanskrit-rooted, used in official and traditional contexts.
  • Grammatically a compound verb (Noun + Karna).

The Hindi verb विवाह करना (Vivāh karnā) is a formal and culturally significant term that translates to 'to marry' or 'to wed.' It is a compound verb formed by the noun विवाह (marriage) and the auxiliary verb करना (to do). While the word 'शादी करना' (shādī karnā) is more common in everyday spoken Hindi, 'विवाह करना' carries a more traditional, formal, and often sacred connotation, frequently appearing in wedding invitations, legal documents, and literature.

Grammatical Structure
It functions as a transitive verb, usually requiring the postposition 'से' (se) to indicate the person one is marrying.
Register
Formal/Sanskritized Hindi. Used in ceremonies and official contexts.
Root Origin
Derived from the Sanskrit 'Vivaha', meaning 'to carry away' or 'to lead away' (the bride).

राम ने सीता से विवाह किया। (Ram married Sita.)

In the Indian cultural landscape, 'विवाह' is not just a legal contract but a 'Sanskara' (sacrament). When you use this term, you are often referring to the ritualistic aspect of the union. It implies a sense of permanence and societal recognition. In modern usage, it remains the standard term for 'Matrimony'.

क्या आप अगले साल विवाह करने की योजना बना रहे हैं? (Are you planning to get married next year?)

The verb is conjugated based on the subject in intransitive contexts, but in the perfective aspect (past tense), it follows the Ergative construction (using 'ने'). For example, 'उसने विवाह किया' (He/She married). Understanding this distinction is crucial for A2 learners moving into B1 territory.

वे मंदिर में विवाह करेंगे। (They will marry in the temple.)

Synonym Comparison
'शादी करना' is Persian-rooted and colloquial; 'विवाह करना' is Sanskrit-rooted and formal.

मेरे माता-पिता ने तीस साल पहले विवाह किया था। (My parents married thirty years ago.)

वह अपनी पसंद के व्यक्ति से विवाह करना चाहती है। (She wants to marry the person of her choice.)

Cultural Nuance
Often associated with 'Vivah Sanskar', one of the 16 rites of passage in Hinduism.

Using विवाह करना correctly involves understanding Hindi's postpositional system and verb conjugation. Unlike English where you 'marry someone' (direct object), in Hindi, you 'marry WITH someone' using the postposition से (se).

1. The 'Se' Rule

Whenever you mention the partner, you must use 'से'. For example: 'राज ने सिमरन से विवाह किया' (Raj married Simran). Without 'से', the sentence is grammatically incomplete. This is a common pitfall for English speakers.

2. Tense Conjugations

As a 'karna' verb, it follows standard patterns:

  • Present: मैं विवाह करता हूँ (I marry - habitual).
  • Past: मैंने विवाह किया (I married).
  • Future: मैं विवाह करूँगा (I will marry).

In the past tense, because 'विवाह' is a masculine noun, the verb 'किया' stays masculine unless influenced by a complex object structure, but generally, 'विवाह किया' is the fixed block.

3. Formal vs. Informal

If you are at a party with friends, saying 'मैंने विवाह कर लिया' might sound a bit stiff. You would likely say 'मेरी शादी हो गई'. Use 'विवाह करना' in applications, matrimonial profiles, or when discussing the 'institution' of marriage. It adds a layer of dignity to the conversation.

4. Passive vs. Active

While 'विवाह करना' is active (to perform the marriage), 'विवाह होना' is passive (the marriage happening). Example: 'उनका विवाह कल होगा' (Their marriage will happen tomorrow).

You will encounter विवाह करना in several specific environments. Understanding these contexts helps in recognizing the tone of the speaker.

1. Wedding Invitations (Nimantran Patra)

Almost every formal Hindi wedding card will use the word 'विवाह' or 'पाणिग्रहण' (a higher synonym). You will see phrases like 'विवाह बंधन में बंधने जा रहे हैं' (are going to be tied in the bond of marriage).

2. News and Media

News anchors reporting on celebrity weddings often use 'विवाह सूत्र में बंधे' (tied the knot). It provides a professional and respectful distance. Headlines like 'दो प्रसिद्ध कलाकारों ने किया विवाह' are standard.

3. Legal and Government Contexts

In courtrooms or when filling out government forms (like a Marriage Certificate), the term used is always 'विवाह'. The 'Hindu Marriage Act' is translated as 'हिन्दू विवाह अधिनियम'.

4. Religious Discourses

Priests (Pandits) and scholars use this term when discussing the duties (Dharma) of a householder. It is treated as a sacred duty rather than just a social arrangement.

5. Classic Cinema and Literature

In period dramas or films depicting traditional families, 'विवाह' is preferred over 'शादी' to maintain the historical or cultural atmosphere of the setting.

Even advanced learners make mistakes with विवाह करना. Here are the most frequent errors to avoid:

1. Omitting 'से' (se)

Mistake: 'वह राम विवाह किया' (Incorrect).
Correction: 'उसने राम से विवाह किया' (Correct).
Reason: You marry *with* someone in Hindi logic.

2. Confusion with 'शादी'

While interchangeable in meaning, using 'विवाह' in a very slangy, modern sentence can sound sarcastic or overly dramatic. 'भाई, तू विवाह कब कर रहा है?' sounds like you are mocking the person's seriousness. Stick to 'शादी' for casual talk.

3. Gender Agreement in Past Tense

Since 'विवाह' is masculine, the verb is 'किया'. Some learners try to change it to 'की' if the subject is female.
Mistake: 'सीता ने विवाह की' (Incorrect).
Correction: 'सीता ने विवाह किया' (Correct). The object 'विवाह' governs the verb ending in the 'ne' construction.

4. Using 'को' instead of 'से'

Learners often think 'marry him' translates to 'उसको विवाह करना'. This is incorrect. Always use 'से'.

Hindi has a rich vocabulary for the concept of marriage, each with a different flavor:

  • शादी करना (Shādī karnā): The most common, everyday term. Persian origin. Used by everyone regardless of religion.
  • निकाह करना (Nikāh karnā): Specifically used for Islamic marriage contracts.
  • ब्याह करना (Byāh karnā): A more rural or dialectal (Apabhramsha) version of 'Vivah'. Often heard in folk songs.
  • गठबंधन करना (Gathbandhan karnā): Literally 'to tie the knot'. Often used metaphorically in politics now, but originally refers to the wedding ritual.
  • पाणिग्रहण करना (Pāṇigrahaṇ karnā): Extremely formal/Sanskrit. Literally 'to take the hand'. Used in Vedic ceremonies.
  • सात फेरे लेना (Sāt phere lenā): To take the seven rounds around the fire. A metonymy for getting married.

Choosing the right word depends on the level of formality and the cultural background you wish to invoke.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

غیر رسمی

""

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

मैं विवाह करना चाहता हूँ।

I want to marry.

Subject + verb (infinitive) + auxiliary.

2

क्या आप विवाह करेंगे?

Will you marry?

Future tense for 'you' (formal).

3

वह विवाह करना चाहती है।

She wants to marry.

Feminine subject 'voh' with 'chahti hai'.

4

मेरे भाई ने विवाह किया।

My brother married.

Simple past with 'ne'.

5

विवाह करना अच्छा है।

To marry is good.

Gerundial use of the verb.

6

वे कब विवाह करेंगे?

When will they marry?

Interrogative future tense.

7

राम विवाह करना चाहता है।

Ram wants to marry.

Masculine singular subject.

8

मुझे विवाह नहीं करना।

I don't want to marry.

Negative construction with 'mujhe'.

1

उसने अपनी सहेली से विवाह किया।

He married his friend.

Use of 'se' to connect the partner.

2

क्या तुमने विवाह कर लिया?

Did you get married?

Compound verb 'kar liya' for completion.

3

हम अगले साल विवाह करेंगे।

We will marry next year.

Future plural 'karenge'.

4

वे मंदिर में विवाह करना चाहते हैं।

They want to marry in a temple.

Locative 'mein' used for place.

5

मेरे माता-पिता ने दिल्ली में विवाह किया था।

My parents had married in Delhi.

Past perfect tense.

6

वह अमीर आदमी से विवाह करना चाहती है।

She wants to marry a rich man.

Adjective 'ameer' modifying the partner.

7

क्या आप मुझसे विवाह करेंगे?

Will you marry me?

Direct address with 'mujhse'.

8

उन्होंने सादगी से विवाह किया।

They married with simplicity.

Adverbial phrase 'saadgi se'.

1

भारत में लोग अक्सर परिवार की पसंद से विवाह करते हैं।

In India, people often marry according to family choice.

Habitual present tense.

2

विवाह करने से पहले एक-दूसरे को जानना ज़रूरी है।

It is important to know each other before marrying.

Oblique infinitive 'karne' before 'se pehle'.

3

उसने विदेश में विवाह करने का फैसला किया।

He decided to marry abroad.

Noun phrase 'karne ka faisla'.

4

क्या आप प्रेम विवाह करना पसंद करेंगे?

Would you prefer to have a love marriage?

Compound noun 'prem vivah'.

5

विवाह करना एक बड़ी ज़िम्मेदारी है।

Marrying is a big responsibility.

Subject as a verbal noun.

6

उन्होंने कानूनी रूप से विवाह किया।

They married legally.

Adverbial phrase 'kanuni roop se'.

7

वह अपनी पढ़ाई पूरी करने के बाद ही विवाह करेगा।

He will marry only after completing his studies.

Conditional time clause.

8

क्या समाज के दबाव में विवाह करना सही है?

Is it right to marry under societal pressure?

Complex prepositional phrase.

1

आजकल युवा देर से विवाह करना पसंद करते हैं।

Nowadays, youth prefer to marry late.

Use of 'pasand karte hain' for preference.

2

उन्होंने बिना किसी दहेज के विवाह करके एक मिसाल कायम की।

They set an example by marrying without any dowry.

Conjunctive participle 'vivah karke'.

3

विवाह करने का अर्थ केवल दो व्यक्तियों का मिलन नहीं है।

The meaning of marrying is not just the union of two individuals.

Abstract definition structure.

4

सरकार ने विवाह करने की न्यूनतम आयु बढ़ा दी है।

The government has increased the minimum age to marry.

Infinitive as a qualifier for 'ayu'.

5

उसने अपनी संस्कृति से बाहर विवाह करने का साहस दिखाया।

She showed the courage to marry outside her culture.

Complex object with 'sahas'.

6

विवाह करने के इच्छुक उम्मीदवार यहाँ पंजीकरण करें।

Candidates wishing to marry should register here.

Adjectival use of 'ichhuk'.

7

क्या आर्थिक स्थिरता के बिना विवाह करना उचित है?

Is it appropriate to marry without economic stability?

Rhetorical question structure.

8

उन्होंने वैदिक रीति-रिवाजों के अनुसार विवाह किया।

They married according to Vedic rituals.

Postpositional phrase 'ke anusar'.

1

विवाह करना एक सामाजिक अनुबंध के साथ-साथ आध्यात्मिक यात्रा भी है।

Marrying is a social contract as well as a spiritual journey.

Parallel structure 'ke saath-saath'.

2

साहित्य में विवाह करने को अक्सर एक नए जीवन के उदय के रूप में देखा जाता है।

In literature, marrying is often seen as the dawn of a new life.

Passive construction 'dekha jata hai'.

3

उसने रूढ़िवादी परंपराओं को तोड़ते हुए पुनर्विवाह किया।

Breaking conservative traditions, he remarried.

Present participle 'todte hue'.

4

विवाह करने की प्रक्रिया में आपसी सहमति सर्वोपरि होनी चाहिए।

In the process of marrying, mutual consent should be paramount.

Formal vocabulary 'sarvopari'.

5

क्या आधुनिक युग में विवाह करना अपनी प्रासंगिकता खो रहा है?

Is marrying losing its relevance in the modern era?

Continuous tense with abstract noun.

6

उन्होंने अपने मतभेदों के बावजूद विवाह करने का निर्णय लिया।

They decided to marry despite their differences.

Preposition 'ke bawajood'.

7

विवाह करना केवल व्यक्तिगत सुख नहीं, बल्कि सामाजिक उत्तरदायित्व भी है।

Marrying is not just personal happiness, but also a social responsibility.

Correlative conjunction 'na keval... balki'.

8

प्राचीन काल में राजा अक्सर राजनीतिक गठबंधन के लिए विवाह करते थे।

In ancient times, kings often married for political alliances.

Past habitual tense.

1

विवाह करना आत्माओं के उस मिलन का प्रतीक है जो नश्वरता से परे है।

Marrying symbolizes that union of souls which is beyond mortality.

Relative clause 'jo... hai'.

2

दार्शनिक दृष्टिकोण से, विवाह करना स्वतंत्रता का त्याग नहीं, बल्कि उसका विस्तार है।

From a philosophical perspective, marrying is not the renunciation of freedom, but its expansion.

Complex philosophical contrast.

3

उन्होंने अपनी अंतरात्मा की पुकार पर उस परित्यक्ता से विवाह किया।

He married that abandoned woman following the call of his conscience.

High-register vocabulary 'antaratma', 'parityakta'.

4

विवाह करने की यह रस्म सदियों के सांस्कृतिक विकास का परिणाम है।

This ritual of marrying is the result of centuries of cultural evolution.

Genitive construction with abstract nouns.

5

क्या हम केवल जैविक प्रवृत्तियों के वशीभूत होकर विवाह करते हैं?

Do we marry solely under the influence of biological instincts?

Advanced phrase 'ke vashibhoot hokar'.

6

विवाह करना एक ऐसा संकल्प है जो समय की कसौटी पर कसा जाता है।

Marrying is a resolve that is tested on the touchstone of time.

Metaphorical language.

7

उसने सांसारिक मोह-माया के बीच रहकर भी पवित्रता से विवाह किया।

Even while living amidst worldly attachments, he married with sanctity.

Contrastive 'ke beech rehkar bhi'.

8

विवाह करने की सार्थकता उसके निर्वहन में निहित है।

The meaningfulness of marrying lies in its fulfillment.

Formal Sanskritized Hindi.

ترکیب‌های رایج

प्रेम विवाह करना
कोर्ट मैरिज करना
धूमधाम से विवाह करना
जल्द विवाह करना
पुनर्विवाह करना
अंतर्जातीय विवाह करना
धार्मिक रीति से विवाह करना
कानूनी रूप से विवाह करना
गुप्त रूप से विवाह करना
सादा विवाह करना

عبارات رایج

विवाह करने की उम्र

विवाह करने का निर्णय

विवाह करने का प्रस्ताव

विवाह करने की रस्म

विवाह करने की योजना

विवाह करने की अनुमति

विवाह करने का अधिकार

विवाह करने की इच्छा

विवाह करने का तरीका

विवाह करने का वादा

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

विवाह करना vs शादी करना

Informal/Common vs Formal/Sanskritized.

विवाह करना vs विवाह होना

Active (to marry) vs Passive (marriage to happen).

विवाह करना vs ब्याह

Standard vs Dialectal/Rural.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

विवाह करना vs

विवाह करना vs

विवाह करना vs

विवाह करना vs

विवाह करना vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

نحوه استفاده

formality

High

frequency

Common in formal settings

regional variation

Used across India, but rural areas might use 'byah'.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using 'ko' instead of 'se' for the partner.
  • Forgetting 'ne' in the past tense.
  • Making the verb feminine ('ki') when the subject is female in 'ne' construction.
  • Using 'vivah' in a very casual, slang-filled sentence.
  • Confusing 'vivah karna' with 'vivah hona'.

نکات

The 'Ne' Rule

In the past tense, always use 'ne' with the subject: 'उसने विवाह किया'.

Invitation Language

Look for 'विवाह' on wedding cards to identify the main event time.

Sound Natural

Use 'shadi' with friends and 'vivah' with elders or in formal speeches.

Matrimonial Ads

Matrimonial columns in Hindi newspapers always use 'विवाह'.

Opposites

The opposite of 'vivah' is 'talaq' (divorce) or 'vivah-vichhed'.

Formal News

News anchors use 'vivah bandhan' to describe celebrity weddings.

Root Word

Associate 'Vi' with 'Vows' to remember 'Vivah'.

Partner Link

Always use 'se' (with) for the person you are marrying.

Legal Use

Marriage certificates in India are called 'Vivah Praman Patra'.

Respect

Using 'vivah' shows you respect the tradition behind the union.

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The legal age for 'विवाह' in India is currently 18 for women and 21 for men (subject to change).

Vivah Panchami is a festival celebrating the marriage of Ram and Sita.

Arranged marriages are still common, where 'विवाह करना' is a family decision.

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موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"क्या आप विवाह करना चाहते हैं?"

"आपके देश में लोग किस उम्र में विवाह करते हैं?"

"क्या आपने कभी किसी भारतीय विवाह में भाग लिया है?"

"विवाह करने के क्या फायदे हैं?"

"क्या प्रेम विवाह करना बेहतर है?"

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मेरे लिए विवाह करने का अर्थ है...

अगर मैं विवाह करूँ, तो मैं चाहूँगा कि...

समाज में विवाह करने की परंपरा बदल रही है क्योंकि...

एक सफल विवाह करने के लिए क्या ज़रूरी है?

विवाह करने के बाद जीवन कैसे बदलता है?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

While it is a Sanskrit word, it is used as a formal term for marriage in Hindi regardless of religion, though 'Nikah' is specific to Muslims.

No, you must say 'मैंने उससे विवाह किया'. The postposition 'se' is mandatory.

Shadi is Persian and colloquial; Vivah is Sanskrit and formal. They mean the same thing.

It is a masculine noun.

You say 'पुनर्विवाह करना' (punarvivah karna).

Yes, the term 'समलैंगिक विवाह' (samlaingik vivah) is used.

Yes, 'विवाह करना' is 'to marry' (active) and 'विवाह होना' is 'to get married' (event).

Yes, but 'shadi' is more common in upbeat songs, while 'vivah' appears in more traditional or soulful tracks.

It is often called 'कोर्ट मैरिज' or 'न्यायालयी विवाह'.

क्या आप मुझसे विवाह करेंगे?

خودت رو بسنج 98 سوال

/ 98 درست

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