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B1 noun 11 دقیقه مطالعه

擦り傷

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 擦り傷 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 擦り傷 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn '擦り傷' (surikizu) as a basic noun for a 'scratch' or 'scrape.' You might use it when you fall down or see a child with a small injury. It is a very useful word for simple health-related conversations. At this stage, just focus on the basic meaning: a minor skin injury from rubbing against something. You can pair it with the simple verb 'desu' (is) to say 'It is a scratch.' For example, 'Kore wa surikizu desu' (This is a scratch). You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just imagine a child falling on the grass and getting a tiny red mark on their knee—that is a surikizu. It is one of the first words you might learn when talking about the body and health, alongside words like 'itai' (painful). Learning this word early helps you describe common everyday accidents to teachers, friends, or doctors in a very simple way.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '擦り傷' in basic sentences with particles. The most important pattern to learn is '擦り傷ができました' (surikizu ga dekimashita), which means 'I got a scratch' or 'A scratch appeared.' You should also be able to specify where the scratch is using the 'ni' particle, such as 'Hiza ni surikizu ga dekimashita' (I got a scratch on my knee). You might also learn to describe the scratch as 'chiisai' (small) or 'karui' (light/minor). At this level, you are beginning to connect the injury to a cause, like 'Koronde, surikizu ga dekimashita' (I fell and got a scratch). This allows you to explain minor accidents in a way that is clear to others. You should also recognize the word when a pharmacist or doctor asks about your injury. It is a very practical word for daily life in Japan, especially if you are active or have children.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the nuance of '擦り傷' compared to other injuries like '切り傷' (kirikizu - cut) and '打ち身' (uchimi - bruise). You can use more variety in your verbs, such as '擦り傷を作る' (surikizu o tsukuru - to get/make a scratch) to imply it was your own action or mistake. You should also be able to use the word in more complex sentences, such as '擦り傷に薬を塗る' (surikizu ni kusuri o nuru - to put medicine on a scratch) or '擦り傷にお湯がしみる' (surikizu ni oyu ga shimiru - the hot water stings the scratch). You are now expected to be able to describe the circumstances of the injury in detail, such as 'Jitensha de koronde, ude ni hidoi surikizu o tsukutte shimatta' (I fell off my bike and ended up getting a bad scratch on my arm). This level involves using the word naturally in a narrative about your day or a small accident you witnessed.

At the B2 level, you can use '擦り傷' in a wider range of contexts, including metaphorical ones or when talking about damage to objects like cars or furniture. You should be comfortable with the passive voice and more formal structures, such as '事故で軽い擦り傷を負った' (sustained light scratches in the accident). You will also encounter the word in written texts, such as news reports or instruction manuals for first aid kits. At this level, you should understand how to minimize or emphasize the injury using phrases like '擦り傷程度' (surikizu teido - just a scratch level) to indicate that an accident wasn't serious. You might also start to notice the difference between 'surikizu' and the more technical 'sakkashō' used in medical documents. Your ability to use 'surikizu' should feel fluid and context-appropriate, whether you are talking to a friend or filling out an accident report.

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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the etymology and the subtle connotations of '擦り傷.' You can use it to discuss the physical mechanics of an injury in a more sophisticated way, perhaps comparing it to other types of skin damage in a professional or academic discussion. You should also be familiar with how 'surikizu' appears in literature or higher-level journalism to create a specific atmosphere—for example, using it to emphasize the vulnerability of a character or the minor but persistent nature of a problem. You might use the word in discussions about product quality, such as describing the durability of a screen protector against 'surikizu.' Your vocabulary should include related idiomatic expressions and the ability to switch between 'surikizu' and its synonyms (like 'kasurikizu' or 'sakkashō') depending on the exact nuance of the situation and the social register required.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like command of '擦り傷' and can use it with absolute precision. You understand all its potential uses, from the most literal physical scrape to its application in specialized fields like forensic science or high-end automotive restoration. You can appreciate the word's role in Japanese aesthetics or social interactions—for instance, how admitting to a 'surikizu' can be a form of 'amae' or a way to downplay a significant effort. You are also aware of the historical development of the word and how its components (suri and kizu) function in the broader Japanese linguistic landscape. Whether you are translating medical texts, writing a novel, or engaging in a high-level technical debate, you use 'surikizu' and its variants with perfect accuracy, reflecting a profound grasp of both the language and the cultural contexts in which it is embedded.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

擦り傷 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Surikizu means a scratch or graze caused by friction. It is a very common word for minor skin injuries.
It is made of 'suri' (rubbing) and 'kizu' (wound). Use it when you fall and scrape your knee.
Commonly paired with the verb 'dekiru' (to form) or 'tsukuru' (to make/get).
Distinguish it from 'kirikizu' (a cut from a sharp object) and 'aza' (a bruise under the skin).

The Japanese word 擦り傷 (すりきず - surikizu) is a common noun used to describe a minor physical injury where the skin is rubbed or scraped away. In English, we most frequently translate this as a 'scratch,' 'graze,' or 'abrasion.' It is composed of two primary elements: the verb stem 擦り (suru/suri), which means to rub, chafe, or file, and the noun 傷 (kizu), which means a wound, injury, or flaw. Together, they perfectly encapsulate the physical mechanism of the injury—a wound caused by friction against a rough surface.

Physical Description: A surikizu typically involves the removal of the epidermis (the top layer of skin). It usually results in redness, slight swelling, and sometimes a small amount of 'oozing' or bleeding, but it is not deep enough to be considered a laceration or a 'cut' (which would be 切り傷 - kirikizu).

転んで膝に擦り傷ができました。 (I fell and got a scratch on my knee.)

In daily life, this word is ubiquitous. Parents use it when their children fall on the playground; athletes use it when they slide on turf or pavement; and it is used in household contexts, such as when someone accidentally scrapes their arm against a wall. It is considered a minor ailment that usually only requires basic first aid, such as cleaning with water and applying a bandage. Because it is so common, it is a vital word for anyone living in Japan or interacting with Japanese speakers in a casual or medical setting.

Metaphorical Use: While primarily physical, surikizu can occasionally be used metaphorically to describe minor damage to an object, like a car's paint job or a piece of furniture. However, for objects, the term 引っかき傷 (hikkakikizu) is more common if it was caused by a sharp point, whereas surikizu implies a broader area of friction damage.

この車、バンパーに小さな擦り傷があるね。 (This car has a small scratch on the bumper, doesn't it?)

Understanding the nuance of surikizu helps learners distinguish between different types of pain. A surikizu 'stings' (hiri-hiri suru), whereas a deep cut might 'throb' (zukin-zukin suru). This distinction is helpful when describing symptoms to a pharmacist or a doctor. Furthermore, the word appears frequently in anime and manga during sports scenes or childhood flashbacks, grounding the character's experience in a relatable, everyday reality.

Register and Tone: Surikizu is neutral-to-informal. It is the standard term used by everyone from toddlers to the elderly. It is not slang, but it is also not overly technical. It is the 'goldilocks' word for surface injuries.

猫に引っかかれて、腕に擦り傷のような跡がついた。 (I was scratched by a cat, and it left a mark like an abrasion on my arm.)

In summary, surikizu is an essential part of the Japanese vocabulary for health and daily mishaps. It bridges the gap between simple kanji and practical application, allowing learners to describe common events with precision. Whether you are talking about a fall from a bike or a minor scrape on a new smartphone, surikizu provides the linguistic tool to convey 'surface-level friction damage' effectively and naturally.

Using 擦り傷 in a sentence requires an understanding of its common verb pairings and particle usage. Because it is a noun representing a condition or a physical object (the wound itself), it most frequently appears with verbs that indicate the 'creation' or 'existence' of the injury. The most common verb is dekiru (できる), which in this context means 'to form' or 'to appear.'

The 'Dekiru' Pattern: [Body Part] + に + 擦り傷 + が + できました。 This is the most natural way to say 'I got a scratch on my [body part].' For example: '足に擦り傷ができました' (A scratch formed on my leg).

転んだ拍子に、手のひらに大きな擦り傷を作ってしまった。 (I ended up getting a big scratch on my palm when I fell.)

Another common verb is tsukuru (作る), which literally means 'to make.' When used with surikizu, it implies that the person's action (like falling or being careless) resulted in the scratch. It often carries a nuance of slight regret or accidental self-infliction, especially when paired with the auxiliary verb -te shimau (〜てしまう).

Descriptive Usage: You can describe the severity using adjectives like 軽い (karui - light), ひどい (hidoi - terrible/bad), or 絶えない (taenai - constant). For instance, '擦り傷が絶えない' (surikizu ga taenai) is a common expression used for active children who are always getting scraped up.

幸い、擦り傷程度で済みました。 (Fortunately, it ended up being just a scratch.)

The phrase '擦り傷程度' (surikizu teido) is particularly useful. It means 'on the level of a scratch' and is used to minimize the severity of an accident. If someone is in a car crash but walks away with only minor grazes, they would use this phrase to reassure others that they are not seriously hurt.

消毒液を擦り傷に塗ると、とてもしみます。 (When you apply disinfectant to a scratch, it stings a lot.)

Finally, consider the verb shimu (しみる), which means 'to sting' or 'to smart.' This is the sensation most associated with a surikizu. In a sentence: '擦り傷にお湯がしみる' (The hot water stings the scratch). This level of detail makes your Japanese sound much more natural and expressive.

Formal Contexts: In formal reports or insurance claims, you might see '擦り傷を負う' (surikizu o ou), meaning 'to sustain a scratch.' This 'ou' verb is used for receiving injuries in a more detached, objective manner.

選手はスライディングの際に、右足に軽い擦り傷を負った。 (The player sustained a light scratch on his right leg during a slide.)

In Japan, you will encounter the word 擦り傷 in a variety of specific, everyday locations. One of the most common places is the school environment. From elementary to high school, students are constantly active, leading to many minor tumbles. Teachers and school nurses (yogo-kyōyu) frequently use this word when assessing students after recess or physical education classes.

The School Nurse's Office (Hoken-shitsu): '先生、膝に擦り傷ができました。' (Teacher, I got a scratch on my knee.) This is a classic sentence heard daily in schools across Japan. The nurse will then respond with instructions on how to wash it.

「ただの擦り傷だから、心配ないよ」と保健室の先生が言った。 ("It's just a scratch, so don't worry," the school nurse said.)

Another major setting is the pharmacy (yakkyoku) or drug store. If you walk into a Matsumoto Kiyoshi or Welcia looking for bandages (bansōkō) or disinfectant (shōdokueki), you might explain your need by pointing to a scrape and saying 'surikizu.' Pharmacists will often recommend specific ointments (nuri-gusuri) that are designed to heal surikizu without leaving scars.

Sports and Recreation: On the soccer field or baseball diamond, players often get 'gravel rash' or turf burns. Coaches will check if a player is okay by asking if it's just a surikizu or something more serious like a sprain (nenza) or fracture (kossetsu).

野球の練習中にスライディングをして、太ももに大きな擦り傷ができた。 (I did a slide during baseball practice and got a big graze on my thigh.)

Automotive and repair shops are also places where surikizu is heard. When a car has a minor surface scratch that hasn't dented the metal, it's called a surikizu. You might hear a mechanic say, 'これは磨けば消える程度の擦り傷ですね' (This is a scratch that will disappear if we polish it). This usage extends to smartphones, laptops, and other consumer electronics.

中古車を買うときは、外装に細かい擦り傷がないか確認したほうがいい。 (When buying a used car, you should check if there are fine scratches on the exterior.)

Finally, in domestic life, parents are the primary users of this word. 'また擦り傷を作って！' (You got another scratch!) is a common parental exclamation. It conveys a mix of exasperation and relief that the child is active but safe. Understanding this word allows you to tap into these very human, everyday Japanese experiences.

While 擦り傷 is a straightforward word, English speakers often make mistakes by over-extending its meaning or confusing it with similar-sounding or similar-meaning terms. The most frequent error is using it for deep wounds that actually require stitches. A surikizu is strictly a surface-level abrasion.

Confusion with 'Kirikizu' (切り傷): Many learners use surikizu for any small wound. However, if the skin is 'cut' by a sharp object like a knife or paper, it is a kirikizu. Using surikizu for a deep knife cut would sound very strange to a Japanese speaker, as the mechanism (friction vs. slicing) is different.

× 包丁で指に擦り傷ができた。
○ 包丁で指に切り傷ができた。 (I got a cut on my finger with a kitchen knife.)

Another mistake involves the word aza (痣 - bruise). English speakers sometimes use 'scratch' or 'mark' loosely, but in Japanese, the distinction between a surface scrape (surikizu) and an internal bruise (aza) is very sharp. If there is no broken skin, it cannot be a surikizu.

Misusing 'Kasurikizu' (かすり傷): While very similar, kasurikizu usually implies a 'grazing' blow where something just barely touched the surface. Surikizu is the broader, more common term for the resulting injury. Using 'kasurikizu' for a large, bloody knee scrape from a bike fall might feel a bit too 'light' for the situation.

転んで皮がむけた場合は、擦り傷と言うのが最も適切です。 (When you fall and the skin peels off, saying 'surikizu' is most appropriate.)

Grammatically, learners sometimes struggle with the particle. They might use 'を' (o) with 'dekiru,' which is incorrect. 'Dekiru' is an intransitive verb in this context, so it must take 'が' (ga). If you want to use 'を,' you must use the transitive verb 'tsukuru' (to make/create).

× 擦り傷をできました。
○ 擦り傷ができました。

Lastly, avoid using 'surikizu' for emotional wounds. While 'kizu' (wound/scar) can be used for 'emotional trauma' (kokoro no kizu), 'surikizu' is too physical and literal. Calling an emotional hurt a 'surikizu' would sound like a bizarre metaphor that doesn't exist in Japanese.

Japanese has several words for 'injuries' and 'marks' that are close to 擦り傷. Choosing the right one depends on the cause of the injury and the level of formality you wish to convey. Here is a breakdown of the most common alternatives.

かすり傷 (Kasurikizu): Often used interchangeably with surikizu, but specifically emphasizes a 'grazing' contact. It is often used figuratively to mean a 'minor setback' or 'flesh wound' that doesn't stop someone from continuing.
擦過傷 (Sakkashō): The medical/technical term for an abrasion. You will see this on diagnosis slips from a hospital. It is too formal for daily conversation unless you are a doctor or a medical student.
引っかき傷 (Hikkakikizu): Specifically a scratch caused by something sharp, like a cat's claw, a nail, or a thorn. While a surikizu is caused by broad friction, a hikkakikizu is caused by a point dragging across the skin.

「それは擦り傷というより、猫の引っかき傷だね」 (That's more of a cat scratch than an abrasion, isn't it?)

When comparing these words, think about the surface area. A surikizu usually covers a small patch of skin (like a scraped knee), whereas a hikkakikizu is usually a line. A sakkashō is the same as a surikizu but in a 'white coat' context.

切り傷 (Kirikizu): As mentioned before, this is a 'cut' or 'laceration.' It involves a clean slice into the tissue. It is the primary 'rival' word to surikizu when describing minor injuries.
打ち身 (Uchimi) / 痣 (Aza): Uchimi refers to the act of hitting oneself (a bruise), while Aza is the visible mark (the bruise itself). These involve no broken skin, distinguishing them from surikizu.

転んだときは、擦り傷だけでなく打ち身にも注意してください。 (When you fall, please be careful of bruises as well as scratches.)

In summary, while surikizu is the most versatile term for a 'scrape,' knowing these alternatives allows you to be more descriptive and accurate in your Japanese communication, whether you're at the doctor's office or just explaining a clumsy moment to a friend.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The kanji 擦 (suri) contains the 'hand' radical (扌) on the left, indicating an action performed by or to a physical surface, often involving manual force.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK sʊ.ri.ki.zu

US su.ri.ki.zu

In Tokyo Japanese (Standard), the pitch is 'low-high-high-high' (Heiban style). [su RI KI ZU].

هم‌قافیه با

Kizu (wound) Mizu (water) Chizu (map) Aizu (signal) Shizu (quiet - archaic) Kazu (number) Hazu (expectation) Nezu (without sleeping)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the 'r' as an English retroflex 'r' (like 'red').
Making the 'u' in 'su' too long (it should be short and slightly unvoiced).
Stress-accenting one syllable like in English (Japanese uses pitch, not volume).
Confusing the 'zu' sound with 'tsu'.
Misreading the kanji '擦' as '察' (satsu).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The kanji 擦 is somewhat complex (N1 level), but the word itself is B1/N3 level. It is often written with some hiragana.

نوشتن 4/5

Writing the kanji 擦 requires many strokes and correct radical placement.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Easy to pronounce and very useful in daily conversation.

گوش دادن 2/5

Clear phonetic structure makes it easy to recognize.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

傷 (kizu) 痛い (itai) 転ぶ (korobu) 皮膚 (hifu) 血 (chi)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

切り傷 (kirikizu) 打ち身 (uchimi) 捻挫 (nenza) 骨折 (kossetsu) 消毒 (shōdoku)

پیشرفته

擦過傷 (sakkashō) 裂傷 (resshō) 挫創 (zasō) 止血 (shiketsu) 炎症 (enshō)

گرامر لازم

Intransitive 'Dekiru' for spontaneous appearance.

擦り傷ができた。

Transitive 'Tsukuru' for accidental creation.

擦り傷を作った。

Particle 'Ni' for location of injury.

腕に擦り傷がある。

Te-form for cause and effect.

転んで擦り傷ができた。

Degree markers like 'Teido' or 'Kuray'.

擦り傷程度のケガ。

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

これは擦り傷です。

This is a scratch.

Simple noun + desu.

膝に擦り傷があります。

There is a scratch on the knee.

Using 'ni' for location and 'ga arimasu' for existence.

痛い！擦り傷だ。

Ouch! It's a scratch.

Informal exclamation.

小さな擦り傷ですね。

It's a small scratch, isn't it?

Using 'chiisana' as an adjective.

擦り傷、大丈夫？

Is the scratch okay?

Casual question.

あそこに擦り傷が見えます。

I can see a scratch over there.

Using 'ga miemasu' (can see).

猫の擦り傷かな？

Is it a cat scratch, I wonder?

Using 'kana' for speculation.

擦り傷は赤いです。

The scratch is red.

Simple description of color.

転んで擦り傷ができました。

I fell and got a scratch.

Using the te-form of 'korobu' for cause.

腕に軽い擦り傷があります。

I have a light scratch on my arm.

Using 'karui' (light) to describe severity.

薬局で擦り傷の薬を買いました。

I bought medicine for the scratch at the pharmacy.

Using 'no' to connect noun and purpose.

擦り傷を水で洗ってください。

Please wash the scratch with water.

Imperative form 'te kudasai'.

子供の足は擦り傷だらけです。

The child's legs are covered in scratches.

Using 'darake' (covered in/full of).

この擦り傷、少し痛みます。

This scratch hurts a little.

Using 'itami-masu' as a verb.

新しい靴で擦り傷ができた。

I got a scratch/blister from new shoes.

Using 'de' to indicate the means/cause.

擦り傷にばんそうこうを貼ります。

I will put a bandage on the scratch.

Using 'ni' for the target of the action.

サッカーの試合中に、足にひどい擦り傷を作ってしまった。

I ended up getting a bad scratch on my leg during the soccer match.

Using 'te shimatta' to show regret.

幸い、車には小さな擦り傷がついただけで済みました。

Fortunately, it ended up being just a small scratch on the car.

Using 'de sumu' (to be settled with/end with).

擦り傷にお湯がしみて、とても痛かったです。

The hot water stung the scratch and it was very painful.

Using 'shimiru' (to sting).

消毒液を塗ると、擦り傷がヒリヒリします。

When I apply disinfectant, the scratch stings/smart.

Using the onomatopoeia 'hiri-hiri'.

ただの擦り傷だと思って放っておいたら、悪化した。

I thought it was just a scratch and left it alone, but it got worse.

Using 'to omotte' (thinking that...).

転んだ拍子に、手のひらに擦り傷ができてしまった。

I ended up getting a scratch on my palm at the moment I fell.

Using 'hyōshi ni' (the moment/as a result of).

このクリームは、擦り傷を早く治す効果があります。

This cream is effective for healing scratches quickly.

Using 'naosu' (to heal/cure).

壁にぶつかって、肩に擦り傷を負いました。

I hit the wall and sustained a scratch on my shoulder.

Using 'ou' (to sustain/bear) in a slightly formal way.

事故の規模を考えると、擦り傷程度で済んだのは奇跡だ。

Considering the scale of the accident, it's a miracle it ended with just scratches.

Using 'teido' to indicate degree/level.

中古品のカメラですが、ボディに目立つ擦り傷はありません。

It's a used camera, but there are no noticeable scratches on the body.

Using 'medatsu' (to stand out).

彼はスライディングで太ももに広範囲の擦り傷を負った。

He sustained wide-ranging scratches on his thigh from sliding.

Using 'kōhan'i' (wide range).

擦り傷からバイ菌が入らないように、清潔に保ってください。

Please keep it clean so that bacteria don't enter through the scratch.

Using 'yō ni' to show purpose/prevention.

スマホの画面に擦り傷がつかないよう、保護フィルムを貼った。

I put on a protective film so that the smartphone screen doesn't get scratched.

Using 'tsukanai yō ni' (so that it doesn't get...).

転倒した際に生じた擦り傷の処置を、自分で行った。

I treated the scratches that occurred when I fell by myself.

Using 'shōjita' (occurred/arose) and 'shochi' (treatment).

この程度の擦り傷なら、病院に行く必要はないでしょう。

If it's just a scratch of this level, there's probably no need to go to the hospital.

Using 'nara' for conditional.

コンクリートで擦ったので、かなり深い擦り傷になった。

Since I scraped against concrete, it became a quite deep abrasion.

Using 'node' for reason.

名誉毀損の訴えも、彼にとっては擦り傷程度のダメージにしかならなかった。

Even the defamation lawsuit was no more than a scratch-level damage to him.

Metaphorical use for reputational damage.

古い家具の擦り傷は、それ自体が歴史を物語る味わいとなっている。

The scratches on old furniture have become a charm that tells of its history.

Describing aesthetic value of wear.

医学用語では擦過傷と呼ばれるが、一般的には擦り傷と言う。

In medical terms it's called 'sakkashō,' but it's generally called 'surikizu.'

Contrasting common and technical terms.

激しい接触プレーにより、両チームの選手に擦り傷が絶えなかった。

Due to the intense contact play, players on both teams had constant scratches.

Using 'taenakatta' (did not cease).

塗装面に生じた微細な擦り傷が、光の反射を鈍らせている。

The minute scratches on the painted surface are dulling the light's reflection.

Technical description of light physics.

彼は子供時代の擦り傷の跡を、誇らしげに見せてくれた。

He proudly showed me the scars from his childhood scratches.

Focusing on 'ato' (mark/scar).

アスファルトとの摩擦で生じた擦り傷は、洗浄が最も重要である。

For abrasions caused by friction with asphalt, cleaning is most important.

Formal instructional tone.

その法案の修正は、政権にとって致命傷ではなく擦り傷に過ぎない。

The amendment to that bill is merely a scratch, not a fatal wound for the administration.

Political metaphor comparing 'fatal wound' and 'scratch'.

表皮剥離を伴う擦り傷の治癒過程において、湿潤療法が推奨される。

In the healing process of abrasions involving epidermal detachment, moist wound healing is recommended.

Highly technical medical terminology.

研磨剤の粒子が粗すぎると、鏡面仕上げの表面に無数の擦り傷を残してしまう。

If the abrasive particles are too coarse, they will leave countless scratches on the mirror-finished surface.

Precision industrial context.

作品の表面に刻まれた無数の擦り傷は、作者の葛藤の痕跡とも読み取れる。

The countless scratches carved into the work's surface can be interpreted as traces of the creator's conflict.

Art criticism and deep interpretation.

一見すると無傷に見えるが、斜光を当てると微かな擦り傷が浮かび上がる。

At first glance it appears flawless, but under oblique light, faint scratches emerge.

Using 'shakō' (oblique light) and 'ukabi-agaru' (to emerge).

歴史的建造物の修復において、不注意な洗浄は取り返しのつかない擦り傷を招く。

In the restoration of historical buildings, careless cleaning leads to irreversible scratches/damage.

Context of cultural heritage preservation.

法医学的見地から言えば、その擦り傷の方向が転落の角度を示唆している。

From a forensic standpoint, the direction of those abrasions suggests the angle of the fall.

Forensic science context.

新車の納車時に見つかった僅かな擦り傷が、ディーラーとの信頼関係に影を落とした。

A slight scratch found upon delivery of the new car cast a shadow over the relationship with the dealer.

Nuanced social/business situation.

生命のたくましさを象徴するかのように、少年の膝の擦り傷はすぐに塞がった。

As if symbolizing the resilience of life, the scratches on the boy's knees healed quickly.

Literary and philosophical tone.

ترکیب‌های رایج

擦り傷ができる

擦り傷を作る

軽い擦り傷

ひどい擦り傷

擦り傷を負う

擦り傷に塗る

擦り傷がしみる

擦り傷だらけ

擦り傷を洗う

絶えない擦り傷

عبارات رایج

擦り傷程度

— On the level of a scratch; not a big deal. Used to downplay an injury or damage.

こんなの擦り傷程度だよ、心配しないで。

ただの擦り傷

— Just a scratch. Emphasizes that the wound is minor.

ただの擦り傷ですから、すぐに治ります。

擦り傷の跡

— The mark or scar left by a scratch. Refers to the healing process.

擦り傷の跡が残らないように気をつける。

足の擦り傷

— A scratch on the leg. Very common location-based phrase.

足の擦り傷がズボンにこすれて痛い。

顔の擦り傷

— A scratch on the face. Usually treated with more concern due to visibility.

顔に擦り傷ができると目立ってしまう。

擦り傷の処置

— Treatment of a scratch. Refers to cleaning and bandaging.

適切な擦り傷の処置を教わる。

細かい擦り傷

— Fine scratches. Often used for objects like glasses or metal.

時計の表面に細かい擦り傷がついた。

擦り傷を消毒する

— To disinfect a scratch. Standard first aid procedure.

バイ菌が入らないよう、擦り傷を消毒する。

擦り傷が治る

— A scratch heals. Refers to the natural recovery.

数日で擦り傷が治った。

擦り傷を隠す

— To hide a scratch. Can refer to using makeup or a bandage.

コンシーラーで顔の擦り傷を隠す。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

擦り傷 vs 切り傷 (kirikizu)

Surikizu is a scrape; kirikizu is a cut. Use kirikizu for knives or paper.

擦り傷 vs 痣 (aza)

Surikizu involves broken skin; aza is a bruise under the skin.

擦り傷 vs 火傷 (yakedo)

Both can sting, but yakedo is caused by heat, not friction.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"かすり傷一つ負わない"

— To not sustain even a single scratch. Used to describe escaping a dangerous situation completely unscathed.

大事故だったが、彼はかすり傷一つ負わなかった。

Common

"心の擦り傷"

— A 'scratch on the heart.' While less common than 'kokoro no kizu,' it refers to a minor emotional hurt or slight.

ちょっとした失言が、彼女の心に擦り傷を作った。

Literary/Metaphorical

"擦り傷を舐め合う"

— To lick each other's scratches. A variation of 'licking each other's wounds,' meaning to comfort each other over minor failures.

失敗した者同士で擦り傷を舐め合っても始まらない。

Figurative

"プライドの擦り傷"

— A scratch to one's pride. A minor blow to one's ego.

彼にとって、その指摘はプライドの擦り傷に過ぎなかった。

Journalistic

"擦り傷で済む"

— To get away with just a scratch. Used when a situation could have been much worse.

この程度の損失なら、擦り傷で済んだと言えるだろう。

Business/Daily

"擦り傷に塩を塗る"

— To rub salt into a scratch. Similar to 'rub salt in the wound,' making a bad situation worse (though 'kizu ni shio' is more common).

負けた上にバカにされるなんて、擦り傷に塩を塗るようなものだ。

Casual

"表面の擦り傷"

— A surface scratch. Often used to describe a problem that is only skin-deep and doesn't affect the core.

この問題はまだ表面の擦り傷に過ぎない。

Analytical

"擦り傷を恐れる"

— To be afraid of a scratch. Metaphorically, to be too cautious or afraid of minor risks.

擦り傷を恐れていては、新しいことは始められない。

Inspirational

"擦り傷を増やす"

— To increase one's scratches. Metaphorically, to gain more experience through minor failures.

若いうちは擦り傷を増やして成長すればいい。

Colloquial

"歴史の擦り傷"

— Scratches of history. Minor marks or events that show the passage of time.

その古い城壁には、歴史の擦り傷が刻まれている。

Poetic

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

擦り傷 vs かすり傷

They sound similar and both mean minor scrapes.

Kasurikizu specifically implies a 'grazing' blow where the object barely touched. Surikizu is the general word for the resulting abrasion.

弾丸がかすり傷を負わせた (The bullet grazed him).

擦り傷 vs 引っかき傷

Both refer to surface skin damage.

Hikkakikizu is caused by a sharp point (claws, nails). Surikizu is caused by broad friction (falling on asphalt).

猫に引っかかれた傷 (A scratch from a cat).

擦り傷 vs 打ち身

Both happen when you fall.

Uchimi is the internal impact (bruise). Surikizu is the external skin removal.

膝を打って打ち身になった (I hit my knee and got a bruise).

擦り傷 vs 切り傷

Both are common minor injuries.

Kirikizu is a clean slice. Surikizu is a rough rub.

紙で指を切った (I cut my finger with paper).

擦り傷 vs 刺し傷

Both are types of wounds.

Sashikizu is a puncture wound (like from a needle or nail). Surikizu is surface-level.

釘を踏んで刺し傷ができた (I stepped on a nail and got a puncture wound).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Body Part] に擦り傷です。

膝に擦り傷です。

[Body Part] に擦り傷ができました。

腕に擦り傷ができました。

[Action] て、擦り傷を作ってしまった。

転んで、擦り傷を作ってしまった。

幸い、[Accident] は擦り傷程度で済んだ。

幸い、事故は擦り傷程度で済んだ。

[Object] に [Adjective] な擦り傷がついている。

画面に微細な擦り傷がついている。

[Medical Context] において擦過傷の処置は...

臨床において擦過傷の処置は重要だ。

擦り傷に [Medicine] を塗る。

擦り傷に軟膏を塗る。

擦り傷が [Onomatopoeia] する。

擦り傷がヒリヒリする。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

傷 (kizu) - wound/flaw

擦れ (sure) - rub/friction

擦過傷 (sakkashō) - abrasion (medical)

فعل‌ها

擦る (suru) - to rub/scrape

擦れる (sureru) - to be rubbed/chafed

擦りむく (surimuku) - to graze/scrape (one's skin)

صفت‌ها

傷だらけ (kizudarake) - covered in wounds

傷つきやすい (kizutsukiyasui) - easily hurt/vulnerable

مرتبط

切り傷 (kirikizu) - cut

刺し傷 (sashikizu) - stab wound

火傷 (yakedo) - burn

打ち身 (uchimi) - bruise

絆創膏 (bansōkō) - bandage

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in daily life, sports, and parenting.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'surikizu' for a deep knife cut. → 切り傷 (kirikizu)
A knife 'cuts' (kiru), it doesn't 'rub' (suru). Even if it's small, use kirikizu for sharp objects.
Saying 'surikizu o dekiru'. → 擦り傷ができる (surikizu ga dekiru)
Dekiru is intransitive. The scratch 'forms' itself; you don't 'form' the scratch in this grammatical structure.
Using 'surikizu' for a bruise with no broken skin. → 打ち身 (uchimi) or 痣 (aza)
If the skin isn't scraped or broken, it's not a surikizu. Bruises are internal.
Confusing 'surikizu' with 'kasurikizu' in serious accidents. → 擦り傷 (surikizu)
Kasurikizu sounds very light (like a graze). If you have a large, bloody area, surikizu is more appropriate.
Writing '擦り傷' as '擦り傷' but pronouncing it as 'kizusuri'. → すりきず (surikizu)
Always follow the Suri + Kizu order. Inverting them is incorrect and has no meaning.

نکات

Use 'ga' with 'dekiru'

Remember that 'surikizu' is the subject of 'dekiru.' Always say 'surikizu ga dekimashita' rather than 'o dekimashita.' It's a common mistake for English speakers.

Learn 'shimiru'

The verb 'shimiru' (to sting) is the perfect partner for 'surikizu.' It describes that specific sharp pain when water or medicine touches a scrape.

Hoken-shitsu context

If you are teaching or working in a Japanese school, you will hear this word more than almost any other medical term. It's the bread and butter of the school nurse.

Kanji stroke order

The kanji 擦 has 17 strokes. Pay attention to the top-right part (𡸙); it's complex. If it's too hard, writing it as 'すり傷' is perfectly acceptable.

Downplaying injuries

Use 'surikizu teido' (just a scratch) to sound stoic or to reassure others that you are not seriously hurt after a fall.

Bansōkō

Always keep 'bansōkō' (bandages) mentioned alongside 'surikizu.' They are the universal solution for this type of injury in Japan.

Friction vs. Sharpness

Always check if the wound was caused by a 'rub' (surikizu) or a 'slice' (kirikizu). Native speakers are very consistent with this distinction.

Reputational Scratches

In business, you can use 'surikizu' to describe a minor PR issue that hasn't damaged the company's core 'health' or brand permanently.

The Strawberry Scrape

Visualize the red, bumpy surface of a strawberry. This is exactly what a 'surikizu' looks like on a knee after a fall on a track.

Prevention

Learn the phrase 'surikizu bōshi' (scratch prevention). You'll see it on products like furniture pads or protective gear for sports.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine you are SURFING (suri) on the pavement and you get a wound (KIZU). Suri-kizu!

تداعی تصویری

Visualize a 'strawberry' scrape on a knee—that bright red, stinging friction burn is the classic surikizu.

شبکه واژگان

Knee Fall Friction Sting Red Bandage Childhood Scrape

چالش

Try to find three objects in your house that have a 'surikizu' (scratch) and describe them in Japanese using 'ni surikizu ga arimasu'.

ریشه کلمه

The word is a compound of the verb stem 擦り (suri) from 'suru' (to rub) and the noun 傷 (kizu) (wound). It has been used in Japanese for centuries to describe friction-based injuries.

معنای اصلی: A wound produced by rubbing.

Japonic (Native Japanese / Kun-yomi compound).

بافت فرهنگی

Generally a safe, neutral word. However, in professional settings like car sales or antique dealing, mentioning a 'surikizu' is a serious matter regarding value.

English speakers might use 'scratch' for both a line (hikkakikizu) and a patch (surikizu). Japanese is more specific about the friction aspect.

Anime tropes: The 'bandage on the nose' or 'bandage on the cheek' often implies a character who just got a surikizu from a fight or a fall. Sports Manga: 'Slam Dunk' or 'Haikyuu' often depict players with surikizu from diving for balls. Japanese First Aid ads: Ointments like 'Oronine' are famous for treating surikizu.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At the playground

大丈夫？擦り傷だよ。
痛いの痛いの飛んでいけ！
水道で洗おうね。
ばんそうこう貼る？

At the drug store

擦り傷の薬はどこですか？
しみにくい消毒液をください。
跡が残らない薬はありますか？
大きいサイズのばんそうこう。

Reporting a car accident

バンパーに擦り傷があります。
小さな擦り傷だけです。
修理代はいくらですか？
こすってしまいました。

Sports practice

スライディングで擦り傷ができた。
ただの擦り傷だから大丈夫。
砂が入っちゃった。
テーピングで隠す。

In the kitchen

あ、これ切り傷じゃなくて擦り傷だ。
おろし金で擦っちゃった。
水がしみる！
すぐに冷やして。

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"その膝の擦り傷、どうしたの？ (What happened to that scratch on your knee?)"

"子供の頃、擦り傷が絶えなかったタイプ？ (Were you the type who always had scratches as a kid?)"

"擦り傷に一番効く薬って何だと思う？ (What do you think is the most effective medicine for a scratch?)"

"新しい車に擦り傷を見つけたら、どうする？ (What would you do if you found a scratch on your new car?)"

"スライディングで擦り傷を作ったことある？ (Have you ever gotten a graze from sliding?)"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、小さな擦り傷を作ってしまった時のことを書いてください。 (Write about a time you got a small scratch today.)

子供の頃の擦り傷の思い出について語ってください。 (Tell a story about a memory of a scratch from your childhood.)

「ただの擦り傷」だと思っていたことが、大きな問題になった経験はありますか？ (Have you ever had an experience where something you thought was 'just a scratch' became a big problem?)

擦り傷の治し方について、あなたの家での習慣を書いてください。 (Write about your family's customs for healing scratches.)

人生における「心の擦り傷」について、どう向き合っていますか？ (How do you deal with the 'scratches on the heart' in life?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, it is very common to use 'surikizu' for minor surface scratches on a car's paint. For example, 'Shashen ni surikizu ga tsuita' (The car body got a scratch). It implies the damage is on the surface and not a deep dent.

Absolutely. While doctors might use the term 'sakkashō' in their notes, they will use 'surikizu' when talking to you. It is the standard, polite term for the injury.

'Dekiru' (to form) is used when the scratch just appears as a result of an accident (e.g., 'I fell and a scratch formed'). 'Tsukuru' (to make) is used when your action caused it, often with a nuance of 'I went and got myself a scratch.'

You use the verb 'shimiru' (to sting/soak in). For example: 'Kusuri ga surikizu ni shimiru' (The medicine stings the scratch). You can also use the onomatopoeia 'hiri-hiri suru'.

No, it's better to use 'kizu' (wound) or 'kokoro no kizu' (wound of the heart). 'Surikizu' is too literal and physical for emotional contexts, though it can be used metaphorically for minor setbacks.

It is written as 擦り傷. The first kanji '擦' means rub, and the second '傷' means wound. Sometimes the 'ri' is omitted in writing (擦傷), but '擦り傷' is the most common way.

'Surikizu' is the noun for the wound itself. 'Surimuki' is often used in the verb form 'surimuku' (to scrape/graze one's skin). You might say 'Hiza o surimuita' (I scraped my knee).

The standard advice is to wash it thoroughly with clean water to remove dirt, then apply a bandage. Disinfectant is used, but many modern Japanese doctors recommend 'moist healing' (shitsujun ryōhō) using special bandages.

No, a paper cut is a 'kirikizu' (cut) because the paper slices the skin. 'Surikizu' requires a rubbing or scraping motion.

Yes, very! You'll often see active characters with a small 'surikizu' on their cheek or nose, usually represented by a small cross-shaped bandage or a simple line, to show they've been playing or fighting.

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