At the A1 level, 農業 (nōgyō) is a word you learn to describe a type of job or a place. You might learn it alongside words like 'doctor' or 'teacher.' At this stage, you only need to know that it means 'farming' or 'agriculture.' You can use it in very simple sentences to talk about what people do in the countryside. For example, '私の祖父は農業をしています' (My grandfather does farming). You might also see it in pictures of tractors or rice fields. The focus for A1 is simply recognizing the kanji and knowing it relates to food and fields. You don't need to worry about the complex industry details yet. Just remember: 農業 = farming industry.
At the A2 level, you start to use 農業 (nōgyō) to talk about regions and hobbies. You might say 'この町は農業が有名です' (This town is famous for agriculture). You can also begin to understand simple compound words like '農業の仕事' (agricultural work). You should be able to distinguish between '野菜' (vegetables) and '農業' (the industry that grows them). At this level, you might also encounter the word when talking about where your food comes from or when discussing Japanese geography. You are moving from just knowing the word to being able to use it to describe a place's characteristics.
At the B1 level (Intermediate), you should use 農業 (nōgyō) in more formal ways. Instead of just 'doing' farming, you use verbs like '営む' (itonamu - to run) or '従事する' (jūji suru - to be engaged in). You will see this word in news articles about the environment or the economy. You should understand that 農業 is a 'primary industry' (第一次産業). You might discuss the problems facing 農業, such as the lack of young workers or the impact of weather. This is the level where you start to see 農業 as a complex system involving technology, policy, and hard work. You can explain why 農業 is important for a country's food supply.
At the B2 level (Upper Intermediate), you are expected to understand the nuances of 農業 (nōgyō) in professional and social contexts. You can read articles about 'スマート農業' (Smart Agriculture) and understand how AI is changing the field. You can participate in a debate about trade and how it affects domestic 農業. You should be familiar with related terms like '食料自給率' (food self-sufficiency rate) and 'TPP.' At this level, you are not just talking about 'farms,' but about the entire socio-economic structure of the agricultural sector. You can use formal grammar to describe long-term trends in the industry, such as '農業の衰退' (the decline of agriculture).
At the C1 level (Advanced), 農業 (nōgyō) appears in academic and highly technical discussions. You should be able to read government white papers on '農業白書' (Agricultural White Paper) and understand complex policy arguments. You can discuss the intersection of 農業 with biotechnology, climate change mitigation, and international law. You understand the historical evolution of 農業 from the Edo period to the present day and how it has shaped Japanese society. You are expected to use precise vocabulary, such as '耕作放棄地' (abandoned farmland) or '環境保全型農業' (environmentally friendly agriculture), without hesitation. Your command of the word allows you to analyze the cultural significance of farming in Japanese identity.
At the C2 level (Mastery), your understanding of 農業 (nōgyō) is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can engage in professional discourse about agricultural reform, the structural transformation of rural communities, and the global food crisis. You can appreciate the literary use of the word in Japanese novels or historical texts. You understand the subtle political implications of how the word is used by different interest groups (e.g., the JA vs. the Ministry of Agriculture). You can synthesize information from various fields—economics, biology, and sociology—to provide a comprehensive view of the future of 農業. Your use of the term is nuanced, accurate, and contextually perfect.
農業 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 農業 (nōgyō) is the formal Japanese word for 'agriculture' or 'farming' as an industry and profession.
- It combines the kanji for 'farming' (農) and 'business/industry' (業).
- Commonly used in news, textbooks, and business to discuss food production and rural economy.
- Contrasts with 'nōka' (the farmer) and 'nōjō' (the physical farm land).
The Japanese word 農業 (nōgyō) is a comprehensive term that encompasses the entire field of agriculture. It is a compound noun formed by two kanji characters: 農 (nō), which refers to farming, agriculture, or the land, and 業 (gyō), which signifies a business, industry, or occupation. Together, they represent the systematic cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Unlike the more casual word for 'farming' or 'field work' (農作業 - nōsagyō), 農業 is used when discussing the industry as a whole, the science behind it, or as a formal classification of one's career.
- Formal Classification
- In official documents, census data, and academic contexts, 農業 is the standard term used to categorize the primary sector of the economy related to land cultivation.
In Japan, 農業 carries a deep historical and cultural weight. For centuries, rice cultivation was the backbone of the Japanese economy and social structure. Even today, when people hear the word 農業, they often visualize the iconic terraced rice paddies (棚田 - tanada) that dot the countryside. However, modern 農業 in Japan is facing significant shifts. You will hear this word frequently in news reports concerning the aging population (高齢化 - kōreika), as fewer young people are entering the field, leading to a shortage of labor. This has sparked a surge in 'Smart Agriculture' (スマート農業 - sumāto nōgyō), which utilizes drones, AI, and automated tractors to maintain productivity.
日本の農業は、後継者不足という大きな課題に直面しています。 (Japanese agriculture is facing a major challenge: a lack of successors.)
- Academic Context
- Agriculture as a field of study in universities is called 農業科学 (Agricultural Science) or simply 農業 within the faculty of 農業部 (Faculty of Agriculture).
The word is also central to discussions about food self-sufficiency (食料自給率 - shokuryō jikyū-ritsu). Japan's reliance on imported food makes the health of its domestic 農業 a matter of national security. Consequently, you will see this word in political debates regarding trade agreements like the TPP, where the protection of local farmers is a sensitive topic. Beyond the fields, 農業 includes livestock farming (畜産 - chikusan), fruit growing (果樹栽培 - kaju saibai), and greenhouse farming. It is a versatile term that covers everything from a small organic family plot to a massive corporate dairy operation.
彼は大学で農業経済学を専攻している。 (He is majoring in agricultural economics at university.)
- Economic Sector
- 農業 is part of the 'Primary Industry' (第一次産業 - dai-ichi-ji sangyō) along with fishing and forestry.
In summary, 農業 is the professional and industrial term for everything related to farming. Whether you are reading a textbook about the history of the Edo period, watching the news about climate change affecting crop yields, or filling out a form about your family background, 農業 is the essential vocabulary word to describe the vital work of feeding the nation.
Using 農業 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and how it interacts with various verbs and particles. Because it refers to an industry or a broad practice, it often functions as the subject or object of a sentence. For instance, to say someone 'does' farming as a profession, you don't just say '農業をする' (though understandable, it's very casual). Instead, you use more specific verbs like 従事する (jūji suru - to be engaged in) or 営む (itonamu - to run/manage).
祖父は長年、北海道で農業を営んできました。 (My grandfather has run a farm in Hokkaido for many years.)
When describing the impact of something on the agricultural sector, the particle に is often used. For example, 'damage to agriculture' is 農業への被害 (nōgyō e no higai). If you are talking about the development or modernization of the field, you would use 農業の発展 (nōgyō no hatten) or 農業の近代化 (nōgyō no kindaika). It is also frequently used in compound nouns where 農業 acts as a prefix, modifying the following noun to indicate its agricultural nature.
- Compound Examples
- 農業政策 (nōgyō seisaku - agricultural policy), 農業機械 (nōgyō kikai - agricultural machinery), 農業団体 (nōgyō dantai - agricultural organization).
In a grammatical sense, 農業 is an uncountably abstract noun in English, and in Japanese, it functions as a standard noun. You can use it with the possessive particle の to describe products or people: 農業従事者 (nōgyō jūjisha - agricultural workers) or 農業製品 (nōgyō seihin - agricultural products). Note that for 'agricultural products,' the word 農産物 (nōsanbutsu) is actually more common in daily use, but 農業製品 might be used in technical or industrial contexts.
政府は農業の担い手を増やすための支援策を打ち出した。 (The government launched support measures to increase the number of people taking up agriculture.)
If you want to express that a region is known for its farming, you can use the phrase 農業が盛んだ (nōgyō ga sakan da). This is a very common way to describe rural prefectures like Niigata (famous for rice) or Miyazaki (famous for fruit). Conversely, if agriculture is declining, you would say 農業が衰退している (nōgyō ga suitai shite iru). These expressions are vital for JLPT N3 and N2 levels where describing societal trends is required.
Finally, consider the context of 'organic agriculture' (有機農業 - yūki nōgyō). This is a growing trend in Japan as consumers become more health-conscious. You might see this on labels at high-end supermarkets or in specialty shops. Using the word 農業 in this way shows a sophisticated understanding of different farming methodologies.
- Environmental Context
- 環境保全型農業 (kankyō hozen-gata nōgyō) - Environmentally friendly agriculture aimed at reducing chemical use.
気候変動は世界の農業に深刻な影響を与えている。 (Climate change is having a serious impact on global agriculture.)
You will encounter the word 農業 (nōgyō) in a variety of settings, ranging from the highly technical to the everyday news. One of the most common places is the NHK evening news. Reports on the annual rice harvest, the impact of typhoons on crops, or changes in government subsidies always use the term 農業 to describe the industry. It is the language of the 'macro' view—looking at farming as a piece of the national economy.
- News & Media
- Headline: '農業のIT化が進む' (The digitalization of agriculture is progressing). This refers to the use of technology in fields.
In an educational setting, children learn about 農業 in social studies (社会 - shakai) class starting in elementary school. They learn about the different types of 農業 practiced across Japan's diverse climate zones—from the dairy 農業 of Hokkaido to the citrus 農業 of Shikoku. Therefore, any discussion about Japanese geography or history will inevitably involve this word. If you visit a rural area, you might see signs for the 農業協同組合 (Nōgyō Kyōdō Kumiai), better known as JA. Their green logos are ubiquitous in the countryside, marking banks, gas stations, and produce markets.
この地域は農業用排水路の整備が整っている。 (This area has well-maintained agricultural drainage channels.)
In the business world, 農業 is a hot topic for investment. 'Agri-tech' startups are frequently featured in business magazines like Nikkei Business. You'll hear CEOs talking about 農業参入 (nōgyō sannyū), which refers to non-agricultural corporations (like Toyota or Panasonic) entering the farming business to build plant factories or high-tech greenhouses. This is a departure from the traditional image of 農業 as a family-run endeavor.
Lastly, you'll hear it in documentaries and travel shows. Japan has a strong 'furusato' (hometown) culture, and many shows focus on young people moving from the city to the countryside to start a life in 農業. This is called I-turn or U-turn migration. In these programs, the word 農業 represents a lifestyle choice—one that is perceived as being 'in harmony with nature' (自然との共生 - shizen to no kyōsei). Even if you live in a big city like Tokyo, you'll see 'Agricultural Festivals' (農業祭 - nōgyō-sai) held in parks where farmers from nearby prefectures come to sell their fresh harvest directly to urbanites.
週末、代々木公園で農業フェアが開催されます。 (An agricultural fair will be held at Yoyogi Park this weekend.)
- Job Interviews
- '将来は実家の農業を継ぐつもりです。' (I intend to take over my family's farm in the future.)
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 農業 (nōgyō) with other primary industries that share the 〜業 (gyō) suffix. For example, 漁業 (gyogyō) is fishing, and 林業 (ringyō) is forestry. While they are all 'primary industries,' they are distinct fields. Using 農業 to describe a fisherman's work is a common slip of the tongue for beginners because the kanji for 'agriculture' (農) and 'farming' are so central to the concept of rural work.
- Confusion with 'Farm'
- Learners often try to use 農業 to mean the physical place (the farm). However, the physical farm is 農場 (nōjō) or 農園 (nōen). You cannot say 'I am going to the 農業.' You must say 'I am going to the 農場.'
Another mistake involves the verb choice. As mentioned before, saying 農業をする (nōgyō o suru) is grammatically correct but sounds very childish or overly simplistic. If you want to sound like a proficient speaker (B1 level or higher), you should use 農業に従事する (nōgyō ni jūji suru) or 農業を営む (nōgyō o itonamu). Using the wrong verb doesn't just sound unnatural; it can sometimes change the meaning. For example, 'farming' as an activity (planting, weeding) is 農作業 (nōsagyō). If you say you are busy with 農業 today, it sounds like you are busy with the entire industry's problems, whereas 農作業 means you are busy working in the dirt.
❌ 私は農業へ行きます。 (I'm going to the agriculture.)
✅ 私は農場へ行きます。 (I'm going to the farm.)
Pronunciation is another area where errors occur. The 'ō' sounds in nōgyō are long vowels. Beginners often shorten them to 'nogyo,' which can make the word hard to recognize for native speakers. Ensure you hold the 'o' sounds: No-o-gyo-o. Also, be careful with the kanji. The character 農 is quite complex (13 strokes). A common mistake is forgetting the '曲' part inside or messing up the bottom '辰' radical. Writing it correctly is a sign of a serious student.
Lastly, don't confuse 農業 with 農家 (nōka). 農家 refers to the person (the farmer) or the farmer's household. If you want to say 'My father is a farmer,' you say 父は農家です, not 父は農業です. The latter would imply your father *is* the industry of agriculture, which is logically impossible.
- Person vs. Industry
- 農業 (Industry) vs. 農家 (Farmer/Farm household). Example: '農業(industry)を支える農家(farmers)'.
While 農業 (nōgyō) is the most general term for agriculture, Japanese has several more specific words depending on the context. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and understand technical texts more clearly. Below are the most common alternatives and their specific usages.
- 農耕 (nōkō)
- This refers specifically to the act of tilling the soil and growing crops. It is often used in historical or anthropological contexts. For example, '農耕社会' (nōkō shakai) means an agrarian society. It focuses more on the physical labor and the historical stage of development rather than the modern industry.
- 耕作 (kōsaku)
- This is a more technical term for cultivation or farming of a specific piece of land. You will see this in legal documents or property descriptions. '耕作地' (kōsakuchi) is cultivated land. It is less about the 'industry' and more about the physical use of the land.
- 栽培 (saibai)
- This means 'cultivation' or 'growing' and is used for specific plants. For example, 'イチゴの栽培' (strawberry cultivation) or '水耕栽培' (hydroponics). You wouldn't use 農業 here because you are focusing on the biological process of growing a specific crop.
When comparing these words, 農業 is the 'umbrella' term. If you are talking about the economy, politics, or a broad career path, stick with 農業. If you are talking about the history of human civilization, 農耕 is better. If you are talking about the act of growing a specific vegetable in a greenhouse, 栽培 is the correct choice.
彼は農業に従事しており、特にトマトの栽培に力を入れている。 (He is engaged in agriculture and is particularly focused on the cultivation of tomatoes.)
Another related term is 酪農 (rakunō), which refers specifically to dairy farming. While 農業 technically includes dairy, in Japan, people usually specify 酪農 if they are talking about milk and cows. Similarly, 畜産 (chikusan) is used for livestock (meat production). If you are in Hokkaido, you will hear 酪農 just as often as 農業.
Finally, we have アグリビジネス (Agribusiness). This loanword is becoming increasingly popular in corporate Japan to describe the commercialized, high-tech side of the industry. It carries a more modern, profit-oriented nuance than the traditional 農業. When a tech company starts a vertical farm, they will likely use this term in their press releases.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
In ancient Japan, farmers were ranked second in the social hierarchy (Shinōkōshō) after the Samurai, because agriculture was considered the most vital occupation for the nation's survival.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Shortening the long 'ō' sounds (saying 'nogyo' instead of 'nōgyō').
- Pronouncing 'gyō' as two separate syllables 'gi-yo'.
- Using a hard 'g' sound like 'go' instead of the palatalized 'gy'.
- Misplacing the pitch accent on the first syllable.
- Nasalizing the 'n' too heavily.
سطح دشواری
The kanji 農 is complex and requires practice to write correctly.
Writing 13-stroke characters like 農 can be challenging for beginners.
Pronunciation is easy as long as you maintain the long vowels.
Easy to recognize due to the distinct 'gyō' ending.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Noun + に従事する (ni jūji suru)
彼は農業に従事しています。 (He is engaged in agriculture.)
Noun + が盛んだ (ga sakan da)
この町は農業が盛んです。 (This town's agriculture is flourishing.)
Noun + を営む (o itonamu)
祖父は農業を営んでいる。 (My grandfather runs a farm.)
Noun + を通じて (o tsūjite)
農業を通じて自然を学ぶ。 (Learn about nature through agriculture.)
Noun + に適した (ni tekishita)
農業に適した気候。 (A climate suitable for agriculture.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
おじいさんは農業をしています。
My grandfather does farming.
Simple 'Noun + o shiteimasu' structure for occupation.
ここは農業の町です。
This is a farming town.
Using 'no' to modify the noun 'machi'.
農業は大切です。
Agriculture is important.
Topic marker 'wa' with an adjective.
私は農業が好きです。
I like agriculture.
Expressing preference for a field of work.
農業の仕事は大変ですか？
Is agricultural work hard?
Asking a question about the nature of the work.
日本には農業がたくさんあります。
There is a lot of agriculture in Japan.
Using 'arimasu' to state existence/prevalence.
農業の学校に行きたいです。
I want to go to an agricultural school.
Expressing desire with 'tai desu'.
父は農業を始めました。
My father started farming.
Past tense of 'hajimeru' (to start).
北海道は農業がとても盛んです。
Agriculture is very flourishing in Hokkaido.
The phrase 'ga sakan da' is common for industries.
将来、農業をやってみたいです。
In the future, I want to try doing farming.
Using 'te-form + mitai' to express wanting to try something.
農業でいろいろな野菜を作ります。
We make various vegetables through agriculture.
Particle 'de' indicating the method or field.
彼は農業について勉強しています。
He is studying about agriculture.
'Nitsuite' means 'about'.
農業の機械はとても高いです。
Agricultural machinery is very expensive.
Compound noun 'nōgyō kikai'.
この村の主な産業は農業です。
The main industry of this village is agriculture.
Using 'sangyō' (industry) to define the role of nōgyō.
農業体験に参加しました。
I participated in a farming experience.
'Taiken' (experience) is a common suffix.
最近、農業に興味があります。
Recently, I have an interest in agriculture.
'Kyōmi ga aru' (to have interest) takes the particle 'ni'.
日本の農業は、人手不足が深刻な問題になっています。
In Japanese agriculture, labor shortage is becoming a serious problem.
Describing a societal issue using 'shinkoku' (serious).
彼は会社を辞めて、実家で農業を継ぐことにした。
He quit his company and decided to take over the family farm.
'Koto ni shita' indicates a personal decision.
新しい技術が農業の効率を上げています。
New technology is increasing the efficiency of agriculture.
Causative-like structure using 'ageru' (to raise/increase).
気候変動が世界の農業に与える影響は大きいです。
The impact that climate change has on global agriculture is significant.
Relative clause modifying 'eikyō' (impact).
この地域では、有機農業に力を入れています。
In this region, they are putting effort into organic agriculture.
'Chikara o ireru' means to focus effort on.
農業を営むには、多額の資金が必要です。
To run a farm, a large amount of capital is necessary.
Using 'itonamu' for running a business.
政府は農業を保護するために、補助金を出しています。
The government provides subsidies to protect agriculture.
'Tame ni' expresses purpose.
農業は、私たちの食生活を支える基盤です。
Agriculture is the foundation that supports our dietary life.
Metaphorical use of 'kiban' (foundation).
TPPの交渉において、農業分野の関税撤廃が議論された。
In the TPP negotiations, the abolition of tariffs in the agricultural sector was discussed.
Formal passive 'giron sareta' (was discussed).
スマート農業の導入により、若者の就農者が増えることが期待されている。
With the introduction of smart agriculture, it is expected that the number of young people entering farming will increase.
'Niyori' indicates the means; 'kitai sarete iru' is 'is expected'.
この論文は、持続可能な農業のあり方について考察している。
This paper examines the nature of sustainable agriculture.
'Kōsatsu shite iru' is academic for 'examining/considering'.
農業の近代化は、食料自給率の向上に不可欠である。
The modernization of agriculture is essential for improving the food self-sufficiency rate.
'Fukaketsu' means indispensable.
異常気象により、農業製品の価格が高騰している。
Due to abnormal weather, the prices of agricultural products are skyrocketing.
'Kōtō shite iru' means prices are soaring.
彼は農業を通じた地域活性化に取り組んでいる。
He is working on regional revitalization through agriculture.
'Tsūjita' means 'through' or 'via'.
農業法人は、大規模な経営を可能にする。
Agricultural corporations make large-scale management possible.
'Kanō ni suru' means to make possible.
伝統的な農業の知恵を次世代に伝える必要がある。
It is necessary to pass on traditional agricultural wisdom to the next generation.
'Tsutaeru hitsuyō ga aru' expresses necessity.
農業政策の転換は、農村社会の構造的変革を促すだろう。
A shift in agricultural policy will likely prompt a structural transformation of rural society.
High-level vocabulary: 'tenkan' (shift), 'uragasu' (prompt).
バイオテクノロジーの進歩が、農業の生産性を飛躍的に向上させた。
Advances in biotechnology have dramatically improved agricultural productivity.
'Hiyakuteki ni' means 'leaps and bounds' or 'dramatically'.
耕作放棄地の増大は、日本の農業が抱える構造的な欠陥を浮き彫りにしている。
The increase in abandoned farmland highlights the structural flaws inherent in Japanese agriculture.
'Ukibori ni shite iru' is an idiom for 'bringing to light' or 'highlighting'.
多面的機能を持つ農業は、単なる食料生産の場以上の価値がある。
Agriculture, with its multi-faceted functions, has value beyond being a mere site for food production.
'Tamenteki kinō' is a technical term for the multiple roles of agriculture.
グローバル化の波の中で、日本の農業は国際競争力への対応を迫られている。
In the wave of globalization, Japanese agriculture is being forced to respond to international competitiveness.
'Taiō o semararete iru' means 'being forced to respond'.
都市農業の振興は、地産地消を促進し、環境負荷を低減させる。
The promotion of urban agriculture facilitates local production for local consumption and reduces environmental burden.
Technical terms: 'shinkō' (promotion), 'chisan-chishō' (local consumption).
農業遺産の認定は、伝統的な農法の価値を再認識させる契機となった。
The designation as an agricultural heritage site served as an opportunity to recognize the value of traditional farming methods once more.
'Keiki to natta' means 'served as a turning point/opportunity'.
再生可能エネルギーと農業の融合が、新たなビジネスモデルとして注目されている。
The fusion of renewable energy and agriculture is garnering attention as a new business model.
'Yūgō' (fusion) and 'chūmoku sarete iru' (is being noticed).
食料安全保障の観点から、農業の持続可能性を担保することは国家的な急務である。
From the perspective of food security, ensuring the sustainability of agriculture is a matter of urgent national importance.
Extremely formal: 'tanpo suru' (to guarantee/ensure), 'kyūmu' (urgent task).
農業の多面的機能を経済的に評価する試みが、環境経済学の分野で進められている。
Attempts to economically evaluate the multi-faceted functions of agriculture are progressing in the field of environmental economics.
Complex sentence with multiple nested clauses.
アグロコロジーは、生態学的な原則を農業システムに適用し、環境への負荷を最小限に抑えることを目指す。
Agroecology aims to apply ecological principles to agricultural systems to minimize environmental impact.
Specific scientific terminology and complex goal-setting structure.
日本の農業が直面する諸課題を解決するためには、抜本的な構造改革が不可欠であるとの指摘がある。
It has been pointed out that radical structural reform is essential to solve the various challenges facing Japanese agriculture.
'Bapponteki' (radical/drastic) and the 'to no shiteki ga aru' (it is pointed out that...) construction.
遺伝子組み換え技術の農業への応用は、倫理的および環境的な観点から激しい論争を巻き起こしている。
The application of genetic modification technology to agriculture has sparked intense debate from ethical and environmental perspectives.
'Ronsō o makiokoshite iru' means 'is stirring up controversy/debate'.
農業従事者の高齢化と耕作放棄地の拡大は、農村の景観のみならず、共同体の維持をも危うくしている。
The aging of the agricultural workforce and the expansion of abandoned farmland are endangering not only the rural landscape but also the maintenance of the community itself.
'...nominarazu' (not only...) and 'ayaukushite iru' (is endangering).
気候変動に対する農業のレジリエンスを強化することは、将来の食料供給を安定させるための鍵となる。
Strengthening the resilience of agriculture against climate change will be the key to stabilizing future food supplies.
Loanword 'rejiriensu' (resilience) used in a technical context.
農業のデジタルトランスフォーメーションは、データ駆動型の効率的な経営を実現する可能性を秘めている。
The digital transformation of agriculture holds the potential to realize efficient, data-driven management.
'Kanōsei o himete iru' means 'holds the potential'.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— The people who sustain or take over the agricultural industry. Often used in the context of the successor problem.
農業の担い手不足が深刻だ。
— Entering the agricultural business, often by a non-agricultural company. A trend in modern Japan.
IT企業が農業への参入を決めた。
— Water used for or drained from agricultural land. Essential for rice farming.
農業用排水の管理が重要だ。
— The multiple roles of agriculture, including food production, environmental preservation, and landscape maintenance.
農業の多面的機能を守るべきだ。
— Farming experience programs for students or tourists to learn about agriculture.
夏休みに農業体験をした。
— The full name for 'JA' (Japan Agricultural Cooperatives). The most influential farming org.
農業協同組合に相談する。
— The modernization of agriculture through technology and structural changes.
農業近代化のための資金援助。
— Agricultural products (crops, livestock, etc.).
日本の農業製品は品質が高い。
— Water specifically allocated for agricultural use, especially for irrigation.
ダムから農業用水を引く。
— Agricultural management or the business side of running a farm.
農業経営を安定させる。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Nōka is the person or the household, while Nōgyō is the industry.
Nōjō is the physical land or farm facility, while Nōgyō is the practice/industry.
Nōkō is the act of tilling and planting, often used in a historical or primitive sense.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Agriculture is the foundation of the nation. An old saying emphasizing the vital importance of farming.
古くから「農業は国の本なり」と言われてきた。
Literary/Historical— Farming when it's sunny, reading when it rains. Living a quiet, idyllic life in the countryside.
引退後は田舎で晴耕雨読の生活を送りたい。
Idiomatic/Four-character compound— The body and the land are one. The idea that eating local agricultural products is best for health.
身土不二の精神で地元の野菜を食べる。
Cultural/Ideological— Land of vigorous rice plants. A poetic name for Japan, emphasizing its agricultural roots.
日本は古来より瑞穂の国と呼ばれてきた。
Poetic/Nationalistic— To live by the soil. To dedicate one's life to farming and agriculture.
彼は土に生きる決意を固めた。
Literary— The more the rice plant ripens (bears grain), the lower its head bows. A metaphor for humility in successful people.
「実るほど頭が下がる稲穂かな」という言葉を忘れてはいけない。
Proverb— A potluck or a gathering where everyone brings something they have made or grown. (Note: 'Hyakushō' can be sensitive).
今日は百姓の持ち寄りでパーティーをしよう。
Colloquial— Literally 'to plow the field,' but often used metaphorically for preparing the groundwork for a project.
まずはしっかりと田を耕すことから始めよう。
Metaphorical— To sow seeds. Used metaphorically for starting something that will bear fruit in the future.
未来のために、今、農業の種をまく。
Metaphorical— One grain becoming ten thousand grains. Used to describe something small growing into a huge success, originally from rice farming.
今日は一粒万倍日だから、新しいことを始めるのに良い。
Auspicious/Culturalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both end in 〜業 and are primary industries.
漁業 is fishing (sea/water), while 農業 is farming (land).
この町は農業と漁業の両方が盛んだ。
Both end in 〜業 and are primary industries.
林業 is forestry (timber/woods), while 農業 is farming (food crops).
山間部では農業よりも林業が中心だ。
Both end in 〜業 and are major economic sectors.
工業 is manufacturing/industry, while 農業 is cultivation/farming.
日本は農業国から工業国へと変化した。
Both end in 〜業.
商業 is commerce/trade, while 農業 is production of crops.
農業製品を商業ルートで販売する。
Both start with 農 and relate to farming.
農作業 is the actual labor (weeding, planting), while 農業 is the whole industry.
今日の農作業はとても疲れた。
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Place] は農業の町です。
ここは農業の町です。
[Person] は農業が好きです。
田中さんは農業が好きです。
[Cause] が農業に影響を与えている。
大雨が農業に影響を与えている。
[Person] は農業を営んでいる。
私の叔父は農業を営んでいる。
農業の [Problem] が深刻化している。
農業の後継者不足が深刻化している。
[Tech] の導入により、農業が効率化された。
AIの導入により、農業が効率化された。
農業の多面的機能を [Verb] する。
農業の多面的機能を維持する。
農業政策の抜本的な [Noun] が求められる。
農業政策の抜本的な改革が求められる。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Extremely high in rural areas, news, and textbooks. Moderately high in general conversation.
-
Using 農業 to mean the person.
→
農家 (nōka)
農業 is the industry. You can't say 'My brother is a nōgyō.' You must say 'My brother is a nōka.'
-
Using 農業 to mean the field.
→
農場 (nōjō) or 田んぼ (tanbo)
農業 is an abstract concept. You can't walk 'into' 農業. You walk into a farm (nōjō) or a rice field (tanbo).
-
Shortening the vowels.
→
nōgyō (long vowels)
Saying 'nogyo' sounds like a different word or just incorrect. Hold the 'o' sounds.
-
Confusing 農業 with 漁業.
→
農業 (land) / 漁業 (sea)
Don't mix up land farming with fishing. Both are industries (gyō), but the first kanji is different.
-
Using 'nōgyō o suru' in formal writing.
→
nōgyō o itonamu / nōgyō ni jūji suru
'Suru' is too simple for formal contexts. Use 'itonamu' for running a farm and 'jūji suru' for working in the industry.
نکات
Professional vs Daily
Always use 農業 when discussing economics, politics, or your major at university. For daily physical work, use 農作業.
The Long 'O'
Make sure to pronounce both 'o' sounds long. If you say 'nogyo' quickly, people might not understand you immediately.
農's Structure
The bottom part of 農 is 辰 (tatsu), which is the dragon in the zodiac. Remembering this can help you write the character.
Compound Words
Learning 農業 opens up many compound words. Any word ending in 〜業 is likely an industry (工業, 商業, etc.).
JA Recognition
When traveling in Japan, look for the green JA logo. It's the most visible sign of the 農業 industry in everyday life.
Verb Pairing
Pair 農業 with formal verbs like '営む' (itonamu) or '従事する' (jūji suru) to sound like an advanced speaker.
Global Issues
Use 農業 when talking about global warming or food shortages. It's the standard term for international agricultural issues.
Manga Recommendation
Read 'Silver Spoon' (Gin no Saji) to learn a lot of vocabulary related to 農業 in a fun, relatable way.
Flourishing Towns
When describing a rural town, the phrase '農業が盛んです' is the most polite and natural way to describe its economy.
Formal Documents
On official forms, if you need to list your family's business, 農業 is the correct term to use for farming.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'No' (農) and 'Go' (業). Without 'NO' agriculture, we can't 'GO' on living! The first kanji 農 looks like a complex farm with many rows of crops.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a vast green rice field with a modern tractor driving through it. The tractor represents the 'industry' (業) part of the word.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find 3 products in your kitchen that come from Japanese 農業. Look for the 'Made in Japan' (国産) label and research which prefecture they were grown in.
ریشه کلمه
The word 農業 is a Sinitic compound (kango) originating from Chinese. The character 農 (nō) depicts a tool for tilling soil over a field, while 業 (gyō) originally represented a board for hanging bells, later evolving to mean a task, profession, or industry.
معنای اصلی: The original meaning was the 'occupation of farming.'
Sino-Japanese (Kango)بافت فرهنگی
Avoid using the term '百姓' (hyakushō) unless you are very familiar with the context, as it can be considered derogatory or archaic in certain settings.
In English, 'agriculture' sounds very scientific, while 'farming' sounds more practical. In Japanese, 農業 covers both nuances but leans towards the professional side.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
News/Economy
- 農業の現状
- 農業への支援
- 農業の国際競争力
- 農業のIT化
Geography/Education
- 農業が盛んな地域
- 農業の種類
- 農業の歴史
- 世界の農業
Career/Jobs
- 農業を継ぐ
- 農業法人に就職する
- 新規就農者
- 農業研修
Environment
- 有機農業の推進
- 農業と気候変動
- 環境保全型農業
- 農業用水の管理
Shopping/Food
- 農業直送
- 農業祭での販売
- 農業製品の品質
- 地元の農業を応援する
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"日本の農業についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about Japanese agriculture?)"
"あなたの国では農業が盛んですか？ (Is agriculture flourishing in your country?)"
"農業をやってみたいと思ったことはありますか？ (Have you ever thought about wanting to try farming?)"
"最近のスマート農業という言葉を聞いたことがありますか？ (Have you heard the term 'Smart Agriculture' recently?)"
"農業の担い手不足を解決するにはどうすればいいでしょうか？ (What should we do to solve the shortage of agricultural workers?)"
موضوعات نگارش
もし自分が農業を始めるとしたら、何を作りたいですか？その理由も書いてください。 (If you were to start farming, what would you want to grow? Write your reasons.)
農業が私たちの生活に与えている影響について、自分の考えを述べてください。 (Express your thoughts on the impact agriculture has on our lives.)
都会での生活と、農業を中心とした田舎での生活、どちらが自分に合っていると思いますか？ (Which do you think suits you better: city life or rural life centered on agriculture?)
最近食べた農産物の中で、一番おいしかったものは何ですか？ (What was the most delicious agricultural product you ate recently?)
テクノロジーは農業をどのように変えると思いますか？ (How do you think technology will change agriculture?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوال農業 (nōgyō) refers to the industry or the science of agriculture as a whole. 農家 (nōka) refers to the individual farmer or the farming household. For example, you say 'I work in 農業,' but 'My neighbor is a 農家.'
Not really. For a personal vegetable garden, the word '家庭菜園' (katei saien) is more appropriate. 農業 implies a professional, commercial, or industrial scale of farming.
Yes, 農業 is a broad term that includes crop cultivation and livestock farming. However, if you want to be specific about animals, you can use '畜産' (chikusan) for livestock or '酪農' (rakunō) for dairy.
The most natural way is '私は農家です' (Watashi wa nōka desu). If you want to say you work in the field of agriculture, you could say '農業をしています' (Nōgyō o shiteimasu).
It is called 'スマート農業' (sumāto nōgyō). It refers to using high-tech tools like IoT, AI, and robotics to improve farming efficiency.
The first kanji 農 (nō) has 13 strokes and can be tricky. Practice the stroke order carefully. The second kanji 業 (gyō) is also used in words like 'work' (shigoto) and 'graduation' (sotsugyō), so it's very useful to learn.
Mainly because of the aging population (succession problems), food self-sufficiency concerns, and the impact of climate change on rice and fruit harvests.
Historically, yes. In modern times, it was seen as 'hard work,' but there is a growing trend of 'cool' agriculture where young people are revitalizing the industry with tech and branding.
JA stands for Japan Agricultural Cooperatives (農業協同組合 - Nōgyō Kyōdō Kumiai). They are a massive organization that supports farmers with everything from supplies to banking.
It is '有機農業' (yūki nōgyō) or simply '有機栽培' (yūki saibai).
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
Write a sentence using '農業' and '盛ん' (sakan) to describe your hometown or a place you know.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain in one sentence why 農業 is important for a country.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a short paragraph (3 sentences) about whether you would like to try 農業.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the difference between 農業 and 農作業.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a formal sentence about agricultural policy using '農業政策'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'My grandfather has been engaged in agriculture for 50 years.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about how technology affects agriculture using 'スマート農業'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a problem facing Japanese 農業.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about 'organic agriculture' (有機農業).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Agriculture is the foundation of our life.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using the word '農産物' (agricultural products).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Discuss the impact of climate change on agriculture using '気候変動' and '農業'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '農業遺産' (agricultural heritage).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'He is studying agricultural science at university.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain '地産地消' (local production for local consumption) in relation to 農業.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about 'abandoned land' using '耕作放棄地'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a 'farming experience' using '農業体験'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about 'agricultural machinery' (農業機械).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'The government supports the modernization of agriculture.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '農業経営' (agricultural management).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Pronounce '農業' (nōgyō) out loud. Ensure both vowels are long.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I like agriculture' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Describe your hometown's agriculture. (e.g., 'My hometown is famous for rice.')
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I want to try farming' in a formal way.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain that 'Hokkaido has a flourishing agricultural industry.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Labor shortage is a serious problem in agriculture.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask someone: 'Are you interested in organic agriculture?'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I'm studying agricultural economics at university.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain the concept of 'Smart Agriculture' briefly.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'We must protect the multi-faceted functions of agriculture.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Roleplay: You are a reporter interviewing a farmer. Ask about the harvest.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Climate change affects agricultural production.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I intend to take over my family's farm.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain 'Local production for local consumption' (Chisan-chishō).
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The government is supporting new farmers.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Agricultural products from Japan are high quality.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask: 'Where can I participate in a farming experience?'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Traditional farming methods are valuable.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain 'Food self-sufficiency rate' (Shokuryō jikyū-ritsu).
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Agricultural machinery is very expensive.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen to this: '祖父は長年、農業に従事してきました。' Who worked in agriculture?
Listen to this: '農業祭は来週の日曜日に開催されます。' When is the agricultural festival?
Listen to this: 'スマート農業で人手不足を解消したい。' What is the goal of using smart agriculture?
Listen to this: 'この村の主な産業は農業と林業です。' What are the two main industries of the village?
Listen to this: '有機農業の野菜は、味が濃くておいしいです。' What is special about the organic vegetables?
Listen to this: '農業用水の管理が不十分だと、収穫に響きます。' What happens if water management is insufficient?
Listen to this: '彼は大学で農学を専攻しています。' What is his major?
Listen to this: '農業政策の抜本的な見直しが必要です。' What is needed regarding agricultural policy?
Listen to this: 'JAから農業機械を借りました。' Where did they borrow the machinery from?
Listen to this: '耕作放棄地が増えると、景観が悪くなります。' What is one result of increased abandoned farmland?
Listen to this: '農業法人に就職して、大規模な経営を学びたい。' What does the person want to learn?
Listen to this: '農業体験で、お米を植えるのは大変だと分かりました。' What did the person realize during the farming experience?
Listen to this: '気候変動の影響で、農業の将来が心配です。' Why is the person worried about the future of agriculture?
Listen to this: 'この地域は世界農業遺産に認定されています。' What is special about this region?
Listen to this: '地産地消を推進することで、地元の農業を応援します。' How will they support local agriculture?
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Summary
農業 (nōgyō) is the essential term for the agricultural industry. While 'farming' can be described in many ways, 農業 is the professional standard. Example: 日本の農業を支える (Supporting Japan's agriculture).
- 農業 (nōgyō) is the formal Japanese word for 'agriculture' or 'farming' as an industry and profession.
- It combines the kanji for 'farming' (農) and 'business/industry' (業).
- Commonly used in news, textbooks, and business to discuss food production and rural economy.
- Contrasts with 'nōka' (the farmer) and 'nōjō' (the physical farm land).
Professional vs Daily
Always use 農業 when discussing economics, politics, or your major at university. For daily physical work, use 農作業.
The Long 'O'
Make sure to pronounce both 'o' sounds long. If you say 'nogyo' quickly, people might not understand you immediately.
農's Structure
The bottom part of 農 is 辰 (tatsu), which is the dragon in the zodiac. Remembering this can help you write the character.
Compound Words
Learning 農業 opens up many compound words. Any word ending in 〜業 is likely an industry (工業, 商業, etc.).
مثال
日本の農業は、後継者不足が深刻な問題となっています。
