When attached to the stem of a verb, the auxiliary verb 〜終わる (owaru) means to "finish doing" that verb's action. For example, if you combine it with 食べる (taberu, to eat), it becomes 食べ終わる (tabe-owaru), meaning "to finish eating." This is a really useful construction for indicating completion of an action. You'll often hear it in daily conversations when people talk about completing tasks or activities. It's a straightforward way to express that an action has been brought to its end.
When attached to the ます-stem of a verb, 〜終わる (owaru) means "to finish doing something" or "to complete an action." It indicates that an action has been brought to its conclusion.
For example, 食べ終わる (tabe-owaru) means "to finish eating," and 読み終わる (yomi-owaru) means "to finish reading." This auxiliary verb is very practical for expressing the completion of various activities.
It's important to use it with the ます-stem, which is the form of the verb before adding 〜ます. Mastering this pattern will greatly improve your ability to express completed actions in Japanese.
When attached to the ます-stem of a verb, the auxiliary verb 〜終わる (owaru) indicates the completion of an action. It means “to finish doing~” or “to be done with doing~”. This construction is typically used with actions that have a clear beginning and end. For example, 食べ終わる (tabe-owaru) means “to finish eating.”
It’s important to note that 〜終わる implies the entire action is completed, not just paused or interrupted. Therefore, it is often used when the speaker wants to emphasize that an activity has been brought to a conclusion. This auxiliary verb is very common in everyday Japanese conversations and writing.
Alright, let's talk about some common pitfalls learners encounter when using 〜終わる (owaru) – the auxiliary verb for 'to finish doing something'. Understanding these will help you sound more natural and avoid awkward phrasing.
§ Mistake 1: Confusing 〜終わる with 終わる (intransitive)
This is probably the most frequent mistake. 終わる (owaru) on its own means 'to end' or 'to be finished' – it's an intransitive verb. It means something ends by itself, or the event concludes. 〜終わる, on the other hand, means you finished doing something.
- DEFINITION
- 終わる: To end, to be over (intransitive).
- DEFINITION
- 〜終わる: To finish doing (transitive, requires an action).
Look at the difference:
会議が終わった。(Kaigi ga owatta.)
Hint: The meeting finished/ended.
仕事をし終わった。(Shigoto o shiowatta.)
Hint: I finished doing the work.
§ Mistake 2: Incorrect Verb Form Before 〜終わる
Remember, 〜終わる attaches to the ます-stem (also known as the 連用形 ren'youkei) of the main verb. Forgetting this will lead to grammatically incorrect sentences.
- 飲む (nomu - to drink) → 飲み終わる (nomiowaru - to finish drinking)
- 食べる (taberu - to eat) → 食べ終わる (tabeowaru - to finish eating)
- 書く (kaku - to write) → 書き終わる (kakiowaru - to finish writing)
Using the plain form (e.g., 飲んで終わる) or the -te form (e.g., 飲んで終わる) is incorrect in this specific auxiliary verb construction. While 飲んで終わる might sound like 'drink and then finish', it doesn't carry the meaning of 'finish the action of drinking' in the same way 飲み終わる does.
この本を読み終わったら、貸してください。(Kono hon o yomiowattara, kashite kudasai.)
Hint: Please lend me this book when you finish reading it.
§ Mistake 3: Overusing 〜終わる when a simpler expression works
Sometimes, learners feel they need to use 〜終わる for every 'finish' scenario. However, depending on context, other expressions might be more natural or common. For example, to say you 'finished work', you might simply say 仕事が終わった (shigoto ga owatta - work finished) if you're focusing on the fact that the work day is over, rather than the act of you completing tasks.
While both are technically correct, the nuance changes:
仕事が終わった。(Shigoto ga owatta.)
Hint: Work is finished. (Focus on the state)
仕事をし終わった。(Shigoto o shiowatta.)
Hint: I finished doing the work. (Focus on the action of completing tasks)
Another common example is finishing a meal. You can say ご飯を食べ終わった (gohan o tabeowatta - I finished eating the meal), which is perfectly fine. But simply ご馳走様でした (gochisousama deshita) also conveys that you've finished eating, along with gratitude.
§ Mistake 4: Using 〜終わる for abstract or ongoing states
〜終わる is for completing a definite action. You wouldn't use it for abstract concepts or continuous states that don't have a clear 'finish line' in the same way a physical action does. For example, you wouldn't typically say 幸せになり終わる (shiawase ni nariowaru - to finish becoming happy) because 'being happy' isn't an action you complete. You'd just say 幸せになった (shiawase ni natta - became happy).
Keep these points in mind, and you'll be using 〜終わる much more accurately. Practice makes perfect, so try to form your own sentences and pay attention to how native speakers use it!
چقدر رسمی است؟
"発表が終わった後、質疑応答を行います。 (After the presentation is finished, we will have a Q&A session.)"
"宿題が終わったら、遊びに行こう。 (Let's go play when your homework is finished.)"
"仕事終わったら連絡してね。 (Contact me when you're finished with work, okay?)"
"ご飯食べたら、お片付けはおしまいね。 (When you finish eating, cleanup is all done, okay?)"
"マジでこれ終わり？ (Is this really done?)"
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This sentence means 'I finally finished eating my homework.' The auxiliary verb 〜終わる attaches to the ます stem of a verb to indicate completion of an action. In this case, '食べることができて' (being able to eat) is the action that is finished. Note: While 'eating homework' is unusual, it's grammatically correct.
This means 'After I finish watching this movie, I will sleep.' '見終わる' means to finish watching. The たら-form indicates a conditional 'after'.
This sentence translates to 'Please return this book after you finish reading it.' '読み終わる' means to finish reading. The てください form is a polite request.
Choose the correct sentence: 「食べ終わる」
The auxiliary verb 「終わる」 attaches to the 連用形 (masu stem) of a verb. For 食べる, the masu stem is 食べ. The particle を is used for the direct object of the verb 食べる.
Which sentence means "He finished reading the book"?
To form "finish doing," attach 「終わる」 to the masu stem of the verb. 読む (to read) becomes 読み.
How do you say "I haven't finished cleaning yet"?
掃除する (to clean) has a masu stem of 掃除し. The negative form of the auxiliary 「終わる」 is 終わらない, and to express "haven't finished yet," you use the ている form with negative, thus ていない.
「宿題を書き終わる」 means "to finish writing homework."
書く (to write) has a masu stem of 書き. When combined with 終わる, it correctly means "to finish writing."
「映画を見終わる」 means "to start watching a movie."
「〜終わる」 means to finish doing something, not to start. So 「映画を見終わる」 means "to finish watching a movie."
You can use 「〜終わる」 with any verb to indicate finishing an action.
The auxiliary verb 「〜終わる」 can be attached to the masu stem of most verbs to express the completion of that action.
This sentence means 'After finishing my homework, I went out to play.' The auxiliary verb '終わる' (owaru) attaches to the て-form of a verb to indicate that the action has been completed.
This sentence translates to 'Please lend me that book when you finish reading it.' '読み終わったら' (yomiowattara) uses '終わる' in its past tense, conditional form to express 'when you finish reading'.
This means 'It took 3 hours to finish writing the report.' '書き終える' (kaki-oer) is another way to say 'to finish writing', using the ます-stem of the verb followed by '終える'.
このレポートを書き___、次のプロジェクトに取り掛かります。
「〜終わる」は「〜し終える」という意味の補助動詞です。ここでは「レポートを書き終えたら」という条件を表す「〜たら」が適切です。
宿題がまだ少し残っているから、それをやり___から遊びに行こう。
「やり終えてから」で「完全に終えてから」という意味になります。何かを完全に終えることを強調する際に使われます。
映画を観___、感想を話し合いましょう。
「映画を観終えたら」で「映画を全部観てから」という意味になります。行動が完了した後に次の行動に移ることを示します。
この本を読み___、貸してあげます。
「本を読み終えたら」で「本を最後まで読んだら」という意味になります。読書が完了した時点を指します。
料理を作り___、すぐに食卓に運びました。
「作り終えて」で「料理を完成させて」という意味になります。動作の完了を表す「〜て」形が適切です。
試験問題を解き___、見直しをしました。
「解き終えて」で「試験問題を全て解答し終えて」という意味になります。試験という一連の行動の完了を示します。
Choose the most appropriate sentence using 「〜終わる」 to describe finishing reading a very long novel.
「〜終わる」 is used to indicate the completion of an action. '長編小説を読み終わった' directly translates to 'I finished reading the long novel,' which is the most fitting choice.
Which sentence correctly uses 「〜終わる」 to express that a meeting has just concluded?
While 「〜終わる」 attaches to the 連用形 (stem form) of a verb to mean 'finish doing something,' for simple events like a meeting finishing, the intransitive verb '終わる' is used directly. '会議が終わった' means 'The meeting finished.' The other options are grammatically incorrect in this context.
Select the sentence that implies someone has finished eating their dinner.
「夕食を食べ終わった」 means 'I finished eating dinner.' This accurately conveys the completion of the action of eating dinner.
The sentence 「宿題を書き終わった。」 means 'I started writing homework.'
「宿題を書き終わった。」 means 'I finished writing homework.' The auxiliary verb 「〜終わる」 signifies the completion of the action, not the beginning.
You can use 「〜終わる」 with any verb to indicate the completion of that action.
「〜終わる」 can generally be attached to the 連用形 (stem form) of most verbs to express the completion of the action described by the main verb.
「読み終わった」 means 'I read it completely' or 'I finished reading it'.
「読み終わった」 is formed from 読む (yomu - to read) + 終わる (owaru - to finish), meaning 'finished reading'.
The speaker is talking about finishing a long-term project.
The speaker plans to start the next task after finishing a book.
The speaker finished a presentation and received applause.
این را بلند بخوانید:
このレポートを書き終わるのに、あとどれくらい時間がかかりますか？
تمرکز: 書き終わる (kaki-owaru)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
その映画を見終わったら、感想を教えてください。
تمرکز: 見終わったら (mi-owattara)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
会議が終わってから、詳細について話し合いましょう。
تمرکز: 終わってから (owatte kara)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
報告書を書き___、やっと休憩できた。
The auxiliary verb '〜終わる' attaches to the stem of a verb (連用形) to indicate the completion of an action. Here, '書き終わる' means 'to finish writing'.
この本は一度読み___と、また読み返したくなる。
'読み終わる' signifies 'to finish reading'. The sentence implies that after completing the book, one feels like re-reading it.
プロジェクトの最終プレゼンテーションをやり___、大きな達成感があった。
'やり終わる' means 'to finish doing' or 'to finish performing'. In this context, it refers to finishing the final presentation.
長い時間をかけてこの論文を書き___ことができて、本当に嬉しい。
Here, '書き終わる' is used to express the completion of writing a long thesis, conveying a sense of relief or satisfaction.
料理を作り___、家族みんなで食卓を囲んだ。
'作り終わる' means 'to finish cooking'. The sentence describes the family gathering around the table after the cooking is done.
全ての準備が整い、荷造りも終え___たので、いつでも出発できる。
'終え終わる' is a bit redundant but possible in colloquial speech, although '終える' already means to finish. More naturally, it would be just '終えた'. However, for the purpose of demonstrating '〜終わる', '終え終わる' emphasizes the complete conclusion of the packing. If the base verb is already '終える', '〜終わる' can still be attached for emphatic completion.
This sentence means 'Once you finish writing the report, please submit it.' The auxiliary verb '終わる' (owaru) attaches to the ます-stem of the verb (書き- kaku) to indicate completion of the action.
This sentence means 'You cannot play games until you finish doing your homework.' 'やり終わるまで' (yariowaru made) means 'until you finish doing'.
This sentence means 'As soon as she finished reading the book, she fell asleep.' '読み終わる' (yomiowaru) indicates the completion of reading.
/ 48 درست
نمره کامل!
مثال
仕事が終わったら、連絡します。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر health
しばらく
B1For a while, for some time.
異変がある
B1To have an unusual change or abnormality.
異常な
B1Abnormal; unusual; irregular.
擦り傷
B1Scratch, graze, abrasion.
吸収する
B1To absorb.
禁酒
B1Abstinence from alcohol; the act of refraining from alcohol.
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1Acupuncture and moxibustion; traditional Chinese medicine treatments.
急性的
B1Acute.
急性な
B1Acute
