発育 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Hatsuiku is a Japanese noun focusing strictly on the physical and biological growth of living things, such as children, animals, and plants.
- It is distinguished from 'seichou' (general growth) and 'hattatsu' (functional development) by its specific emphasis on measurable body size and weight.
- Commonly used in medical, agricultural, and educational contexts to describe the progress of a young organism toward its mature physical state.
- The term is formal and clinical, often appearing in phrases like 'hatsuiku ga yoi' (good growth) or 'hatsuiku-zakari' (growth spurt period).
The term 発育 (はついく - hatsuiku) is a specialized Japanese noun that focuses exclusively on the physical and biological development of living organisms. While English often uses the broad word 'growth' for everything from a child's height to a company's revenue, Japanese distinguishes between different types of progress. 発育 specifically targets the increase in physical size, weight, and the structural complexity of the body as it moves toward maturity.
- Biological Focus
- It describes the physiological process where cells multiply and organs mature. It is most commonly used for infants, children, and livestock.
- Measurable Metrics
- When a doctor measures a baby's weight or a farmer checks the size of a piglet, they are discussing 発育. It is about what can be seen on a scale or a ruler.
- Concrete vs. Abstract
- Unlike 'seichou' (成長), which can mean mental or economic growth, 発育 is strictly concrete. You cannot have 'hatsuiku' in your business or your spiritual life.
「この子は発育がとても良いですね。」 (This child's physical development is very good.)
「日光が足りないと、植物の発育が遅れることがあります。」 (Without enough sunlight, the physical growth of plants may be delayed.)
- Usage in Nature
- While often used for humans, it is equally applicable to the early stages of animals and plants where physical structure is rapidly forming.
Using 発育 correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a suru-noun (though the verb form 発育する is slightly less common than the noun phrases). It most frequently appears in patterns describing the state or quality of growth.
- 発育が良い (Hatsuiku ga yoi): Good physical development.
- 発育が遅れる (Hatsuiku ga okureru): To be delayed in physical growth.
- 発育を促す (Hatsuiku o unagasu): To promote or stimulate growth (e.g., through nutrition).
- 発育盛り (Hatsuiku-zakari): The peak period of growth (puberty/childhood).
「カルシウムは子供の発育に欠かせない栄養素です。」 (Calcium is an essential nutrient for a child's physical development.)
In formal settings, such as medical reports or agricultural research, 発育 is the standard term. It sounds more clinical and precise than the everyday word 大きくなる (ookiku naru - to get big). When writing a formal essay about child health, always prefer 発育.
You will encounter 発育 in specific professional and domestic environments. It is not a word you would typically use when hanging out with friends at a bar, unless the topic is someone's newborn baby or a garden project.
- 1. Pediatric Clinics (小児科)
- Doctors use this to discuss a child's growth charts. "発育曲線" (hatsuiku kyokusen) refers to the growth curve used to track height and weight.
- 2. Schools (学校)
- Physical education teachers and school nurses use it during annual health checkups (発育測定 - hatsuiku sokutei).
- 3. Farming and Gardening (農業・園芸)
- Used to describe the progress of crops or livestock. A farmer might worry about the "発育不全" (hatsuiku fuzen - failure to thrive/poor growth) of his rice plants due to a cold summer.
The most frequent error is using 発育 when you should use 成長 (seichou) or 発達 (hattatsu). Here is how to keep them straight:
| Word | Focus | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 発育 | Physical Size/Body | Height, Weight |
| 発達 | Function/Skill | Brain, Language, Economy |
| 成長 | General/Metaphorical | Character, Company, Tree |
Mistake: 「彼の精神的な発育が素晴らしい。」 (His mental physical-growth is wonderful.)
Correction: Use 発達 (hattatsu) or 成長 (seichou) for mental/spiritual progress. 発育 is only for the meat and bones!
While 発育 is specific, it lives in a family of words related to 'becoming more.' Understanding the neighbors helps define the boundaries of 発育.
- 育成 (Ikusei): This implies 'nurturing' or 'training.' It is an active process where someone (a coach, a manager) helps someone else grow. 発育 is the internal biological process; 育成 is the external support.
- 増殖 (Zoushoku): Used for the multiplication of cells or bacteria. It is more scientific and 'multiplicative' than the holistic growth of 発育.
- 成熟 (Seijuku): Maturity. This is the end goal of 発育. Once 発育 is finished, the organism is 成熟.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Suru-nouns
Compound nouns (Hatsuiku + X)
Potential form with verbs like 'unagasu'
Transitive vs Intransitive growth verbs
Comparison structures (A yori B no hatsuiku ga...)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
赤ちゃんの身体の発育は早いです。
The baby's physical growth is fast.
Noun + no + Noun structure.
この植物は発育が良いです。
This plant's growth is good.
Subject + ga + Adjective.
子供の発育を助けます。
It helps the child's growth.
Direct object with 'o'.
発育のために、よく食べます。
Eat well for growth.
Tame ni (for the purpose of).
犬の発育は順調です。
The dog's growth is on track.
Juncho (smooth/on track).
ミルクは発育にいいです。
Milk is good for growth.
Ni ii (good for).
発育をチェックします。
Check the growth.
Simple verb phrase.
野菜の発育が止まりました。
The vegetables' growth stopped.
Subject + ga + Verb.
バランスの良い食事は、体の発育に大切です。
A balanced diet is important for the body's development.
Adjective + Noun.
弟は発育盛りなので、たくさん食べます。
My younger brother is in his growth spurt, so he eats a lot.
Hatsuiku-zakari (peak growth period).
この地域の子どもたちは発育が良い。
The children in this area have good physical development.
Regional context.
日光が足りないと、発育が悪くなります。
If there isn't enough sunlight, growth becomes poor.
Conditional 'to'.
学校で発育測定がありました。
There was a physical growth measurement at school.
Hatsuiku-sokutei (measurement).
子猫の発育を毎日記録しています。
I record the kitten's growth every day.
Continuous action.
この薬は魚の発育を早めます。
This medicine speeds up the growth of fish.
Transitive verb 'hayamery'.
冬は植物の発育が遅いです。
Plant growth is slow in winter.
Time marker 'wa'.
十分な睡眠は、脳の発達だけでなく体の発育にも影響します。
Sufficient sleep affects not only brain development but also physical growth.
Dake de naku... mo (not only... but also).
発育不全の原因を調査する必要があります。
It is necessary to investigate the cause of the growth failure.
Hatsuiku-fuzen (growth failure).
このサプリメントは、骨の発育を促進します。
This supplement promotes bone development.
Sokushin (promotion/acceleration).
幼少期の発育環境は、将来の健康に大きく関わります。
The growth environment during early childhood is greatly related to future health.
Kankawaru (to be related to).
発育曲線を見ると、平均より少し高いようです。
Looking at the growth curve, it seems to be a bit higher than average.
Hatsuiku-kyokusen (growth curve).
運動不足は子供の発育を妨げる可能性があります。
Lack of exercise may hinder a child's development.
妨げる (samatageru - to hinder).
この農薬は、害虫の発育を抑制する効果があります。
This pesticide has the effect of inhibiting the development of pests.
Yokusei (inhibition).
発育の段階に応じて、適切な食事を与えてください。
Please provide appropriate meals according to the stage of development.
Ni oujite (according to).
胎児の発育状況をエコー検査で確認しました。
The fetal development status was confirmed via ultrasound.
Taiji (fetus) + Joukyou (status).
ホルモンバランスの乱れが、発育に支障をきたすことがあります。
Disruption of hormonal balance can cause obstacles to physical development.
Shishou o kitasu (to cause hindrance).
都市部と農村部では、子供の発育に格差が見られる。
Disparities in child development are observed between urban and rural areas.
Kakusa (disparity/gap).
この実験では、温度が胚の発育に与える影響を調べます。
In this experiment, we investigate the effect of temperature on embryo development.
Hai (embryo).
思春期は、急激に発育が進む時期である。
Puberty is a period when physical development progresses rapidly.
Kyugeki ni (rapidly).
栄養失調により、発育が著しく遅れている。
Due to malnutrition, growth is significantly delayed.
Ichijirushiku (significantly).
発育段階における環境要因の重要性を強調したい。
I want to emphasize the importance of environmental factors in the developmental stages.
Kankyou youin (environmental factors).
家畜の発育を管理するために、IT技術が導入されている。
IT technology is being introduced to manage the growth of livestock.
Dounyuu (introduction/implementation).
本研究は、低出生体重児の長期的発育予後を分析したものである。
This study analyzes the long-term developmental prognosis of low birth weight infants.
Yogo (prognosis).
内分泌攪乱物質が、次世代の発育に及ぼす懸念が指摘されている。
Concerns have been pointed out regarding the effects of endocrine disruptors on the development of the next generation.
Naibunpitsu kakuran busshitsu (endocrine disruptors).
個体の発育過程において、遺伝的要因と環境要因は複雑に絡み合っている。
In the developmental process of an individual, genetic and environmental factors are intricately intertwined.
Karamiatte iru (intertwined).
発育不全を呈する症例に対し、成長ホルモン療法が検討される。
Growth hormone therapy is considered for cases exhibiting growth failure.
Tei-suru (to exhibit/present).
社会経済的地位の低さが、児童の発育に負の影響を及ぼすことは明白である。
It is evident that low socioeconomic status has a negative impact on child development.
Fu no eikyou (negative impact).
森林の健全な発育を維持するためには、適切な間伐が不可欠である。
Appropriate thinning is essential to maintain the healthy growth of a forest.
Kanbatsu (thinning of trees).
細胞の分化と発育のメカニズムを解明することは、再生医療の鍵となる。
Elucidating the mechanisms of cell differentiation and development is key to regenerative medicine.
Kaimei (elucidation).
発育期の栄養摂取が、成人後の生活習慣病のリスクを決定づける。
Nutritional intake during the developmental period determines the risk of lifestyle diseases in adulthood.
Ketteizukeru (to determine).
個体発生における発育の可塑性は、環境適応戦略の一環として捉えられる。
Developmental plasticity in ontogeny can be viewed as part of an environmental adaptation strategy.
Kasosei (plasticity).
当該種の発育特性を鑑みると、現行の保護政策は不十分と言わざるを得ない。
Considering the developmental characteristics of the species in question, one must say the current conservation policies are insufficient.
Kanzuru (to take into account).
発育抑制因子の同定により、腫瘍増殖の新たな阻害経路が発見された。
The identification of growth inhibitory factors has led to the discovery of a new inhibitory pathway for tumor proliferation.
Doutei (identification).
身体的発育の極致に達した個体は、生殖能力の最盛期を迎える。
Individuals who have reached the pinnacle of physical development enter the peak of their reproductive capacity.
Kyokuchi (pinnacle/climax).
歴史的人口統計学の観点から、食糧供給の変動と発育水準の相関を考察する。
From the perspective of historical demography, we examine the correlation between fluctuations in food supply and developmental levels.
Soukan (correlation).
発育の遅滞が、認知機能の萌芽を阻害するメカニズムについては諸説ある。
There are various theories regarding the mechanism by which developmental delay inhibits the emergence of cognitive functions.
Houga (emergence/budding).
胎生期の発育不全がエピジェネティックな変容を引き起こす可能性が示唆されている。
It is suggested that prenatal growth failure may cause epigenetic alterations.
Epijenetikku (epigenetic).
発育という不可逆的なプロセスにおいて、初期の栄養環境は決定的な役割を果たす。
In the irreversible process of development, the early nutritional environment plays a decisive role.
Fukagyaku-teki (irreversible).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Broad growth (mental, physical, economic). Hatsuiku is only physical.
Functional growth (brain, skills). Hatsuiku is size/weight.
The act of nurturing someone else. Hatsuiku is the internal biological process.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
It is a more objective, scientific term than 'sodachi'.
Only used for the period of growth towards maturity.
-
Using 'hatsuiku' for business growth.
'Hatsuiku' is strictly biological.
-
Using 'hatsuiku' for learning a language.
Language learning is a skill, not a physical body part growing.
-
Using 'hatsuiku' for an adult getting taller.
The term is for the period leading up to maturity.
-
Confusing 'hatsuiku' with 'ikusei'.
One is the action of the teacher, the other is the result in the body.
-
Using 'hatsuiku' for a car's development.
Cars are not living organisms.
نکات
The Ruler Test
If you can measure the progress with a ruler or a scale, 'hatsuiku' is likely the right word. It focuses on physical dimensions. Avoid it for abstract concepts like 'growth in confidence.' Use it for height, weight, and organ size.
Noun Power
Treat 'hatsuiku' primarily as a noun. While it can be a verb, phrases like 'hatsuiku ga yoi' are much more natural. This is the most common way to describe a child's development. Practice using it with adjectives.
Clinical Nuance
Keep 'hatsuiku' for formal or medical situations. In a casual chat, 'seichou' or 'ookiku natta' is more common. Using 'hatsuiku' makes you sound precise and knowledgeable. It is the language of growth charts and health books.
Plant Growth
When talking about plants, 'hatsuiku' and 'seichou' (生長) are both used. 'Hatsuiku' emphasizes the biological health of the plant. Use it when discussing how well your garden is doing physically. It shows a deeper understanding of biological terms.
Compound Words
Learn compounds like 'hatsuiku-zakari' and 'hatsuiku-kyokusen.' These are very common in Japanese life. They help you describe specific growth-related concepts efficiently. They are often seen in school and medical documents.
School Announcements
Listen for 'hatsuiku sokutei' in school settings. It is the standard term for 'physical checkup day.' Knowing this helps you understand school schedules and news. It is a key term in the Japanese educational calendar.
Complimenting Parents
Saying 'Hatsuiku ga yoi desu ne' is a very polite way to compliment a baby's health. It sounds more sophisticated than just saying the baby is big. Parents will appreciate your use of proper vocabulary. It shows respect for the child's development.
Hatsuiku vs. Hattatsu
Remember: Hatsuiku = Body, Hattatsu = Function. A baby's weight gain is 'hatsuiku.' A baby learning to crawl is 'hattatsu.' Keeping this distinction clear will make your Japanese sound much more natural. It is a common point of confusion for learners.
The 'Iku' Connection
Connect 'hatsuiku' with 'kyouiku' (education) and 'taiiku' (PE). All three use the 'iku' (nurture) kanji. This helps you remember that it's about the process of raising or developing something. It's the physical side of that nurturing process.
Health Manuals
Look for 'hatsuiku' in the 'Boshi Techou' (Maternal and Child Health Handbook). This book is given to every pregnant woman in Japan. It is the most important document for tracking a child's 'hatsuiku.' Understanding this word connects you to a major part of Japanese family life.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Sino-Japanese (Kango)
بافت فرهنگی
Maternal health handbooks (Boshi Techou) track 'hatsuiku' from the fetal stage.
Farmers use 'hatsuiku' to describe the success of their seasonal crops.
Physical measurement days are often a source of excitement or anxiety for Japanese students.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"最近、お子さんの発育はどうですか？ (How has your child's growth been lately?)"
"この植物、発育が早すぎませんか？ (Isn't this plant growing too fast?)"
"発育に良い食べ物は何だと思いますか？ (What foods do you think are good for growth?)"
"学校の発育測定の結果はどうだった？ (How were the results of the school growth measurement?)"
"子犬の発育を記録していますか？ (Are you recording the puppy's growth?)"
موضوعات نگارش
自分の子供時代の発育について覚えていることを書いてください。 (Write about what you remember of your own childhood growth.)
植物の発育を観察した経験はありますか？ (Do you have experience observing the growth of plants?)
健康な発育のために、社会ができることは何ですか？ (What can society do for healthy development?)
発育と発達の違いについて、自分の言葉で説明してください。 (Explain the difference between hatsuiku and hattatsu in your own words.)
最近、何かの「発育」を実感したことはありますか？ (Have you recently felt the 'growth' of something physical?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, 'hatsuiku' is only for biological organisms. For a company, use 'seichou' (成長) or 'hatten' (発展). These words cover abstract and economic growth. 'Hatsuiku' would sound like your company has a physical body. It is strictly for living things like humans and plants.
Generally, no. 'Hatsuiku' refers to the process of growing toward maturity. Once an adult has reached their full height, 'hatsuiku' is complete. If an adult gains weight, we use 'futoru' (get fat), not 'hatsuiku.' It is a word for the developing stages of life.
'Seichou' is the general word for 'growth' and can be used for almost anything. 'Hatsuiku' is a subset of growth that is purely physical and biological. While a child's height is both 'seichou' and 'hatsuiku,' their improved math skills are only 'seichou' (or 'hattatsu'). Use 'hatsuiku' for clinical or physical focus.
The best term is 'hatsuiku-zakari' (発育盛り). This refers to the period when a child or teenager is growing most rapidly. You can say 'Kare wa ima hatsuiku-zakari da' (He is in his growth spurt now). It implies they need to eat a lot of food to support their body.
It is very common in specific contexts like parenting, medicine, and school. However, in casual conversation, people often use 'ookiku naru' (get big) or 'seichou suru.' You will hear 'hatsuiku' most often from doctors, teachers, or in news reports about health.
Yes, 'hatsuiku' is perfectly fine for plants, especially when discussing their physical development from a seed to a mature plant. However, the word 'seichou' (written as 生長 for plants) is also very common. 'Hatsuiku' sounds slightly more technical or focused on the health of the plant.
Both are possible, but 'hatsuiku' is most often used as a noun in phrases like 'hatsuiku ga yoi.' While 'hatsuiku suru' is grammatically correct, it sounds a bit formal and is less frequent than using the noun with an adjective or a different verb.
'Hatsuiku fuzen' (発育不全) means 'failure to thrive' or 'stunted growth.' It is a medical or biological term used when an organism is not growing at the expected rate. It is a serious term often found in health diagnoses or agricultural reports.
Usually, no. For hair or nails, we use 'nobiru' (to lengthen). 'Hatsuiku' refers to the whole body or a specific organ's development toward a mature state. Hair and nails just keep growing, so they don't follow the 'hatsuiku' pattern of reaching a mature final size.
It is a neutral, descriptive word. However, 'hatsuiku ga yoi' (good growth) is a positive observation, while 'hatsuiku ga warui' (poor growth) is a negative or concerning one. It is a standard term for measuring health.
خودت رو بسنج 178 سوال
/ 178 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Use '発育' (hatsuiku) when you are talking about the physical 'meat and bones' growth of a child or organism. If you can measure it with a scale or ruler, it is hatsuiku; if it's about skills or business, use a different word.
- Hatsuiku is a Japanese noun focusing strictly on the physical and biological growth of living things, such as children, animals, and plants.
- It is distinguished from 'seichou' (general growth) and 'hattatsu' (functional development) by its specific emphasis on measurable body size and weight.
- Commonly used in medical, agricultural, and educational contexts to describe the progress of a young organism toward its mature physical state.
- The term is formal and clinical, often appearing in phrases like 'hatsuiku ga yoi' (good growth) or 'hatsuiku-zakari' (growth spurt period).
The Ruler Test
If you can measure the progress with a ruler or a scale, 'hatsuiku' is likely the right word. It focuses on physical dimensions. Avoid it for abstract concepts like 'growth in confidence.' Use it for height, weight, and organ size.
Noun Power
Treat 'hatsuiku' primarily as a noun. While it can be a verb, phrases like 'hatsuiku ga yoi' are much more natural. This is the most common way to describe a child's development. Practice using it with adjectives.
Clinical Nuance
Keep 'hatsuiku' for formal or medical situations. In a casual chat, 'seichou' or 'ookiku natta' is more common. Using 'hatsuiku' makes you sound precise and knowledgeable. It is the language of growth charts and health books.
Plant Growth
When talking about plants, 'hatsuiku' and 'seichou' (生長) are both used. 'Hatsuiku' emphasizes the biological health of the plant. Use it when discussing how well your garden is doing physically. It shows a deeper understanding of biological terms.
مثال
子供の発育が良いです。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر Science
吸収
A1عمل جذب کردن یا مکیدن چیزی، مانند مایع، نور یا دانش. این کلمه هم فرآیندهای فیزیکی و هم استعارهای را توصیف میکند.
分析
B1تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها روندهای غیرمنتظره ای را نشان داد.
原子
A1اتم واحد اصلی سازنده تمام مواد است. این کوچکترین واحد یک عنصر شیمیایی است.
引力
A1این نیروی فیزیکی است که اشیاء را به سمت یکدیگر می کشد. همچنین برای توصیف یک جذابیت قدرتمند استفاده می شود.
細菌
A1موجودات تکسلولی میکروسکوپی که در همه جا یافت میشوند. برخی بیماریزا و بسیاری مفید هستند.
繁殖
A1تولید مثل یا تکثیر حیوانات، گیاهان یا میکروارگانیسمها. این اصطلاح برای انسانها استفاده نمیشود.
炭素
A1کربن یک عنصر شیمیایی است که پایه و اساس زندگی محسوب میشود. در موادی مانند زغال و الماس یافت میشود.
触媒
A1کاتالیزور. مادهای که واکنش شیمیایی را تسریع میکند، یا شخص/چیزی که باعث تغییر سریع میشود.
塩素
A1کلر یک عنصر شیمیایی است که برای ضدعفونی کردن آب و ساختن سفیدکننده استفاده میشود.
解明
A1روشنسازی، کشف. عمل حل یک معما یا روشن کردن یک مشکل پیچیده.
