A2 verb خنثی 3 دقیقه مطالعه

準備する

junbi suru /d͡ʑumbisɯɾɯ/
Practice it

Overview

The Japanese verb '準備する' (junbi suru) is a transitive verb meaning 'to prepare,' 'to arrange,' or 'to get ready.' It is a very common and versatile verb used in a wide variety of contexts, from everyday situations to more formal or technical settings.

Structure and Conjugation:

'準備する' is a regular verb belonging to the 'suru' verb group (Group 3 verbs or irregular verbs in some classifications). This makes its conjugation relatively straightforward.

  • Dictionary Form: 準備する (junbi suru)
  • Masu Form (Polite Present/Future): 準備します (junbi shimasu)
  • Te Form: 準備して (junbi shite)
  • Ta Form (Past/Completed): 準備した (junbi shita)
  • Nai Form (Negative): 準備しない (junbi shinai)
  • Volitional Form (Let's/Shall we?): 準備しよう (junbi shiyou)
  • Potential Form (Can prepare): 準備できる (junbi dekiru)
  • Passive Form (Be prepared): 準備される (junbi sareru)

Usage and Nuances:

  1. 1General Preparation: This is the most common use. It can refer to preparing for an event, a trip, a meal, a presentation, or any task that requires prior arrangement.
  • Example: 旅行の準備をします。(Ryokō no junbi o shimasu.) - I will prepare for the trip.
  • Example: 食事の準備はできましたか？ (Shokuji no junbi wa dekimashita ka?) - Is the meal preparation done?
  1. 1Getting Things Ready: It can also mean getting specific items or materials ready.
  • Example: 会議の資料を準備してください。(Kaigi no shiryō o junbi shite kudasai.) - Please prepare the materials for the meeting.
  1. 1Mental Preparation: While '心構え' (kokorogamae) is more specific for mental readiness, '準備する' can implicitly include mental preparation when talking about a big event like an exam or a performance.
  • Example: 試験の準備をしっかりする。(Shiken no junbi o shikkari suru.) - To thoroughly prepare for the exam.
  1. 1Emphasis on the Process: '準備する' emphasizes the act or process of getting ready, rather than just the state of being ready.

Common Particles and Phrases:

  • ~の準備 (no junbi): Preparation for/of something.
  • Example: プレゼンの準備 (purezen no junbi) - preparation for the presentation.
  • ~を準備する (~ o junbi suru): To prepare something (direct object).
  • Example: 書類を準備する (shorui o junbi suru) - to prepare documents.
  • 準備ができた (junbi ga dekita): Preparation is complete/ready.
  • Example: 準備ができたので、出発しましょう。(Junbi ga dekita node, shuppatsu shimashō.) - Since preparation is complete, let's depart.

Distinction from Similar Verbs:

  • 用意する (yōi suru): This verb also means 'to prepare' or 'to get ready.' While often interchangeable with '準備する,' '用意する' can sometimes carry a nuance of being ready in advance, or having something ready for immediate use. '準備する' can imply a broader process of getting ready, which might include '用意する' as a part of it. For instance, you might '準備する' for a party by '用意する' food and drinks.
  • 支度する (shitaku suru): Primarily used for preparing oneself, especially getting dressed or preparing a meal (often for a specific person or occasion).

In summary, '準備する' is a fundamental verb for expressing preparation in Japanese. Its broad applicability and simple conjugation make it an essential part of daily communication.

مثال‌ها

1

出かける前に準備する。

Daily life

I'll prepare before I go out.

2

会議の資料を準備する。

Business

I'll prepare the materials for the meeting.

3

夕食の準備を手伝う。

Daily life

I'll help prepare dinner.

4

試験の準備はもうできた？

Education

Are you ready for the exam yet?

5

旅行の準備が大変だ。

Travel

Preparing for the trip is a lot of work.

ترکیب‌های رایج

準備する時間
準備する物
準備する場所
準備する人

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

準備する vs 用意する (youi suru)

'準備する' (junbi suru) implies a more general preparation, often for an event or a future action. '用意する' (youi suru) is more focused on making things ready or getting them prepared, often tangible items or resources.

準備する vs 支度する (shitaku suru)

'準備する' (junbi suru) has a broader meaning of preparation. '支度する' (shitaku suru) is typically used for preparing oneself, like getting ready to go out, or preparing a meal.

الگوهای دستوری

Noun を 準備する (N wo junbi suru): To prepare N. ～ように準備する (~ you ni junbi suru): To prepare so that ~. ～ために準備する (~ tame ni junbi suru): To prepare for ~.

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

'準備する' is a versatile verb used in a wide range of contexts, from everyday tasks to more significant events. It is a suru-verb, meaning it combines with the noun '準備' (junbi, preparation) and the verb 'する' (suru, to do). It can be used transitively, meaning it takes a direct object, often indicated by the particle 'を' (o). For example, '旅行の準備をする' (ryokō no junbi o suru) means 'to prepare for a trip.' It can also be used intransitively in some contexts, implying that preparation is simply being undertaken. The nuance of '準備する' often includes the idea of making things ready in advance, ensuring everything is in order before an event or action. It can imply a level of thoroughness and consideration. While '用意する' (yōisuru) also means 'to prepare,' '準備する' often suggests a more extensive or complex set of preparations, involving planning and getting things ready over a period, whereas '用意する' can sometimes refer to more immediate or simpler arrangements, such as preparing a single item. For instance, you might '準備する' for a big exam, but '用意する' a cup of tea.

اشتباهات رایج

One common mistake is confusing '準備する' (junbi suru - to prepare) with '用意する' (yōi suru - to get ready/to arrange). While both relate to preparation, '準備する' often implies a more comprehensive and proactive process of setting things up in advance, like preparing a presentation. '用意する' can be more about having things at hand or arranging them for immediate use, like having a meal ready to be served. Another mistake is forgetting the 'suru' verb at the end, as '準備' (junbi) alone is a noun meaning 'preparation'. Always remember to add 'する' to make it a verb. Additionally, some learners might incorrectly use particles; '〜の準備をする' (〜 no junbi o suru) is common when specifying what is being prepared, using 'の' to link the object to the preparation.

Tips

💡

"Jumbi suru" (準備する) is a standard way to say "to prepare" or "to get ready."

This verb is commonly used in various situations, from preparing for a meeting to getting ready for a trip. It's a versatile verb that you'll encounter frequently in everyday Japanese conversation and writing. Remember that 'suru' (する) is the verb 'to do,' so 'jumbi suru' literally means 'to do preparations.' This pattern of combining a noun with 'suru' to create a verb is very common in Japanese.

💡

While "jumbi suru" is broadly applicable, be mindful of more specific verbs that might convey a nuanced meaning of preparation.

For instance, if you're preparing food, you might use 'ryōri suru' (料理する - to cook) or 'shitaku suru' (支度する - to get meals ready). If you're preparing documents, 'junbi suru' is fine, but you might also hear phrases like 'seibi suru' (整備する - to arrange/organize) depending on the context. The key is to understand that while 'jumbi suru' is a good general-purpose verb, sometimes a more specific verb will add clarity and naturalness to your Japanese.

💡

To effectively use "jumbi suru," practice conjugating it into different tenses and forms.

For example, 'jumbi shimasu' (準備します) for polite present tense, 'jumbi shimashita' (準備しました) for polite past tense, and 'jumbi shinai' (準備しない) for negative informal. Also, try using it in sentences. For example, 'Kaigi no jumbi wo shimasu' (会議の準備をします - I will prepare for the meeting) or 'Ryokō no jumbi wa mō dekite imasu ka?' (旅行の準備はもうできていますか？ - Are your preparations for the trip already done?). The particle 'wo' (を) often follows 'jumbi' when it's the direct object of 'suru'.

ریشه کلمه

The word '準備 (junbi)' is a Sino-Japanese word, composed of '準 (jun)' meaning 'to conform to, to follow,准' and '備 (bi)' meaning 'to provide, to furnish, to equip.' The 'する (suru)' at the end is a common Japanese verb that turns nouns into verbs, meaning 'to do' or 'to make.' So, literally, '準備する' means 'to do preparations' or 'to make oneself ready.' This word has been in use in Japanese for centuries, reflecting the concept of meticulous planning and readiness that is often valued in Japanese culture. Its roots can be traced back to ancient Chinese texts, where similar characters were used to convey the idea of getting things in order.

بافت فرهنگی

The Japanese word '準備する' (junbisuru) meaning 'to prepare' is deeply embedded in a culture that values meticulousness, foresight, and consideration for others. This is evident in various aspects of daily life, from the elaborate preparations for traditional ceremonies like tea ceremonies (chadō) or flower arranging (ikebana), where every detail is carefully thought out, to the diligent planning for events like festivals (matsuri) or even simple gatherings. The act of preparing is often seen as a sign of respect for the task at hand and for the people involved. For instance, preparing a meal involves not just cooking, but also considering the season, the presentation, and the diners' preferences. In a professional context, thorough preparation before meetings or presentations is highly regarded, reflecting a strong work ethic and dedication. This cultural emphasis on preparation also extends to disaster readiness, with Japan having robust systems and public awareness campaigns for earthquake and tsunami preparedness, demonstrating a collective understanding of the importance of being ready for potential challenges.

راهنمای حفظ

Visualize yourself 'preparing' for something important, like a big exam or a special meal. Imagine all the steps involved, from gathering materials to organizing your thoughts. The word sounds a bit like 'jun-bee suru', so you can think of 'June B. Suru' as a person who is always meticulously preparing for everything.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

準備する (junbisuru) is a Japanese verb that means 'to prepare,' 'to make preparations,' 'to get ready,' or 'to arrange.' It encompasses the act of setting things up in advance for an upcoming event, task, or situation. It can refer to a wide range of preparations, from simple daily tasks to complex projects.

準備する can be used in various contexts. For example, you might say '旅行の準備をする' (ryokō no junbi o suru) to mean 'to prepare for a trip,' or '会議の準備をする' (kaigi no junbi o suru) to mean 'to prepare for a meeting.' It can also be used for preparing food, materials, or even mental preparation.

While generally meaning 'to prepare,' 準備する often implies a proactive and thorough approach to getting ready. It suggests that one is taking the necessary steps to ensure a smooth and successful outcome. It can also carry a sense of anticipation or looking forward to what is to come.

Yes, there are several related words. For instance, 用意する (yōi suru) also means 'to prepare' or 'to get ready,' often with a slightly more emphasis on the physical arrangement of things. 支度する (shitaku suru) is another synonym, frequently used for preparing meals or getting oneself dressed and ready. Each has subtle differences in usage and connotation.

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

彼は旅行の（　　　）をしています。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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会議の（　　　）はできましたか？

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
fill blank

試験のためにしっかり（　　　）する必要があります。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

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