극명하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 극명하다 means 'extremely clear' or 'stark,' specifically used for contrasts and undeniable differences between two opposing things.
- It is a formal, Hanja-based word (極明) common in news, academic writing, and analytical discussions.
- Unlike '맑다' (physical clarity), it describes abstract clarity, logical evidence, or visual contrasts like light and shadow.
- Commonly used as '극명한 차이' (stark difference) or '극명하게 갈리다' (starkly divided).
The Korean adjective 극명하다 (geuk-myeong-ha-da) is a powerful, high-level descriptor used to characterize situations where clarity is not just present, but overwhelming or undeniable. Derived from the Hanja characters 極 (극 - extreme) and 明 (명 - bright/clear), the word literally translates to 'extremely clear.' However, in practical usage, it carries a heavy weight of contrast. It is most frequently employed when two opposing ideas, facts, or conditions are placed side-by-side, making their differences impossible to ignore. For instance, you wouldn't use this to say a window is clean; rather, you would use it to describe how the difference between a wealthy neighborhood and a nearby slum is 'starkly clear.'
- Core Nuance
- The word emphasizes that a fact or difference is so obvious that it requires no further explanation. It is often paired with nouns like '차이' (difference), '대조' (contrast), or '현상' (phenomenon).
두 후보의 정책 차이가 극명하다.
In contemporary Korean society, this word is a staple in journalism and academic writing. When news reporters discuss the 'wealth gap' (빈부 격차) or 'generational conflict' (세대 갈등), they use 극명하다 to highlight the severity of the divide. It suggests that the evidence is visible to the naked eye and supported by data. It is not a word for casual, everyday chatter about simple things, but a word for analysis and observation of significant truths. Using it correctly demonstrates a high level of linguistic sophistication, showing that the speaker can perceive and articulate complex societal or logical patterns.
- Visual Metaphor
- Imagine a spotlight hitting a white object against a pitch-black background. The boundary where the white ends and the black begins is '극명하다'. There is no gray area, no blurriness, and no ambiguity.
찬반 의견이 극명하게 갈렸다.
Furthermore, the word is often used in the adverbial form, 극명하게, to modify verbs of change or division. If a situation was once ambiguous but has now become very clear due to a specific event, you would say it has '극명하게 드러났다' (was starkly revealed). This usage is common in detective novels, scientific journals, and political commentary. It implies that the truth has finally come to light in a way that cannot be denied or refuted.
- Contextual Usage
- Often used when discussing data, evidence, visual contrasts, and conflicting human emotions or opinions.
그의 얼굴에는 기쁨과 슬픔이 극명하게 교차했다.
도시와 농촌의 생활 수준 차이가 극명하다.
Mastering 극명하다 requires understanding its grammatical flexibility and the specific nouns it frequently modifies. As an adjective (descriptive verb in Korean), it can end a sentence, modify a noun, or act as an adverb. Let's explore these structures in detail to ensure you can use this word with the precision of a native speaker.
- Sentence Ending (Adjective Form)
- When used at the end of a sentence, it describes the state of a subject. Subject + -이/가 + 극명하다. Example: '대조가 극명하다' (The contrast is stark).
이 보고서는 환경 오염의 심각성을 극명하게 보여준다.
One of the most common ways to use this word is in the noun-modifying form: 극명한. This allows you to attach the 'stark' quality directly to a noun. Common pairings include '극명한 대조' (stark contrast), '극명한 차이' (obvious difference), and '극명한 증거' (clear evidence). This structure is particularly useful in descriptive writing or when making a point in a debate.
- Noun Modifier Form
- Formula: 극명한 + Noun. Use this to set the scene or define a relationship between two things immediately.
두 그림은 색채의 사용에서 극명한 차이를 보입니다.
The adverbial form 극명하게 is perhaps the most dynamic version. It is often paired with verbs like '갈리다' (to be divided), '드러나다' (to be revealed), '대비되다' (to be contrasted), or '보여주다' (to show). This usage emphasizes the *action* of the clarity becoming apparent. For example, in a sports match, if one team is significantly better than the other, you could say their skill levels '극명하게 대비된다' (are starkly contrasted).
- Common Verb Pairings
- 극명하게 갈리다 (starkly divided), 극명하게 나타나다 (starkly appear), 극명하게 보여주다 (starkly show).
사건의 진실이 극명하게 밝혀졌습니다.
When writing in a professional or academic context, you might also use the nominalized form 극명함 (the quality of being starkly clear). For instance, '차이의 극명함' (the starkness of the difference). While less common than the adjective or adverb, it adds a layer of formal elegance to your writing. In all cases, the key is to ensure that what you are describing involves a clear, often dualistic, distinction.
과거와 현재의 모습이 극명한 대조를 이룬다.
While you might not hear 극명하다 at a local fish market or in a casual chat about the weather, it is omnipresent in Korean intellectual and public life. If you turn on the evening news (뉴스), read a newspaper (신문), or watch a political debate (토론), you will encounter this word repeatedly. It is the language of analysis, critique, and reporting. In these contexts, it serves to draw a sharp line between two states of being, often to highlight a problem or a significant shift in public opinion.
- News & Media
- Reporters use it to describe statistical shifts. 'The gap between the rich and the poor has become stark (극명해졌다)' is a classic headline. It conveys urgency and objective reality.
이번 선거에서 세대별 투표 성향이 극명하게 나뉘었습니다.
In the world of Korean documentaries (다큐멘터리), 극명하다 is used by narrators to describe visual or social contrasts. Imagine a documentary about the rapid development of Seoul. The narrator might describe the '극명한 대조' between the traditional Hanok houses and the gleaming glass skyscrapers. Here, the word helps the viewer appreciate the magnitude of change. It is also used in film criticism. A critic might say the protagonist's internal conflict is '극명하게 묘사되었다' (starkly portrayed), suggesting that the character's struggle is vivid and deeply felt by the audience.
- Documentary Narration
- Used to create a narrative arc by highlighting drastic changes or opposing forces in nature or society.
낮과 밤의 기온 차이가 극명한 사막 기후.
In business meetings or corporate presentations, 극명하다 is used to compare performance. A manager might present a graph showing that 'The success of the new product is stark (극명하다) compared to the old one.' It is a professional way to say 'the results speak for themselves.' In this setting, it removes doubt and focuses the audience's attention on the undeniable facts presented. It is a word of authority and clarity.
- Professional Settings
- Used to justify decisions or highlight market trends where the data shows a clear, undeniable direction.
광고 시행 전후의 매출 차이가 극명하게 나타났습니다.
그 영화는 인간의 선과 악을 극명하게 보여준다.
While 극명하다 is a useful word, its high-level nature makes it easy to misuse. The most frequent error is overusing it in low-stakes or non-contrasting situations. Because '극명' contains the character for 'bright/clear' (明), learners sometimes confuse it with words like '맑다' (to be clear/pure) or '투명하다' (to be transparent). However, 극명하다 is never used to describe physical transparency or the clarity of a liquid.
- Mistake 1: Physical Clarity
- Incorrect: '물이 극명하다' (The water is starkly clear). Correct: '물이 맑다' (The water is clear). '극명하다' is for abstract concepts or logical contrasts, not physical objects you can see through.
하늘이 극명하다 (X) -> 하늘이 맑다 (O)
Another common mistake is failing to provide a point of comparison. 극명하다 almost always implies that there is an 'A' and a 'B' that are being compared. If you say 'The situation is 극명하다' without any context of what it is being compared to, the sentence feels incomplete. It’s like saying 'The difference is stark' without saying what the difference is between. Always ensure the context of contrast is established or implied.
- Mistake 2: Missing Contrast
- Using '극명하다' for a single, isolated fact. Correct usage: 'A와 B의 차이가 극명하다' (The difference between A and B is stark).
시험 결과가 극명하다.
A third mistake involves the intensity of the word. Because 극명하다 contains the character for 'extreme' (極), it is a very strong word. Using it for minor differences can make you sound like you are exaggerating or being overly dramatic. For example, if two flavors of ice cream are slightly different, '극명하다' is too strong. Use '약간 다르다' (slightly different) instead. Save '극명하다' for when the difference is truly 'extreme' or 'stark.'
- Mistake 3: Over-dramatization
- Using it for subtle nuances. This word is for black-and-white differences, not shades of gray.
이 옷과 저 옷의 색이 극명하게 다르다.
그의 태도가 어제와 오늘 극명하게 바뀌었다.
To truly understand 극명하다, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms. Each of these words means 'clear' or 'distinct,' but they are used in different contexts and carry different emotional weights. Choosing the right one will make your Korean sound more natural and precise.
- 분명하다 (Bun-myeong-ha-da)
- The most general word for 'clear' or 'certain.' It can be used for facts, intentions, or sounds. Unlike '극명하다,' it doesn't necessarily imply a contrast.
그의 목소리는 분명하게 들렸다.
뚜렷하다 (Ttu-ryeot-ha-da) is another common alternative. It means 'distinct' or 'vivid.' It is often used for visual things, like a person's facial features or a memory. While '극명하다' is more academic/formal, '뚜렷하다' is used in both formal and informal settings. If you want to say a memory is clear, '뚜렷하다' is the perfect choice.
- 뚜렷하다 vs 극명하다
- 뚜렷하다 focuses on the clarity of the image or memory itself. 극명하다 focuses on the clarity of the *difference* or *contrast* between two things.
이목구비가 뚜렷한 사람.
선명하다 (Seon-myeong-ha-da) is primarily used for colors or images that are 'vivid' or 'crisp.' If you are talking about a high-definition TV or a bright photograph, '선명하다' is the word to use. It carries a sense of brightness and high resolution. '극명하다' can be used for visual contrast, but '선명하다' is more about the quality of the visual itself.
- 선명하다 vs 극명하다
- 선명하다 = High resolution, vivid color. 극명하다 = High contrast, undeniable difference.
사진이 아주 선명하게 잘 나왔다.
두 나라의 문화적 차이가 확연히 드러난다.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The character 'Geuk' (極) is the same one used in 'North Pole' (북극) and 'South Pole' (남극), emphasizing the idea of an extreme point. 'Myeong' (明) consists of the characters for 'Sun' (日) and 'Moon' (月) combined, representing the ultimate sources of light.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'eu' (으) like 'oo' (우).
- Making the 'g' at the start too aspirated like an English 'K'.
- Skipping the 'h' sound in 'ha'.
- Pronouncing 'myeong' as two syllables instead of one.
- Applying English-style word stress on the second syllable.
سطح دشواری
Common in written media but requires knowledge of Hanja-based vocabulary.
Hard to use naturally without understanding the specific nouns it pairs with.
Used in debates or formal speeches; rare in casual daily talk.
Easy to recognize once you know the 'Geuk' and 'Myeong' sounds.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Adjective to Adverb Conversion (-게)
극명하다 -> 극명하게 (starkly)
Noun Modifying Form (-ㄴ/은)
극명하다 -> 극명한 차이 (stark difference)
State Change (-아/어지다)
극명하다 -> 극명해지다 (to become stark)
Formal Polite Ending (-습니다)
차이가 극명합니다.
Nominalization (-ㅁ/음)
극명함 (starkness)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
두 색깔의 차이가 극명해요.
The difference between the two colors is very clear.
극명해요 is the polite present form of 극명하다.
이것과 저것은 극명하게 달라요.
This and that are starkly different.
극명하게 is the adverb form of 극명하다.
낮과 밤은 극명해요.
Day and night are starkly different.
Simple adjective usage to show contrast.
좋은 것과 나쁜 것이 극명해요.
The good thing and the bad thing are very clear.
Using '것' (thing) with 극명하다.
차이가 극명한 그림이에요.
It is a picture with a stark difference.
극명한 is the noun-modifying form.
진실이 극명하게 보여요.
The truth is seen very clearly.
Used with the verb 보이다 (to be seen).
두 사람의 키 차이가 극명해요.
The height difference between the two people is stark.
Focusing on a physical contrast.
겨울과 여름은 극명한 계절이에요.
Winter and summer are starkly different seasons.
Using 극명한 to describe seasons.
도시와 시골의 모습은 극명하게 다릅니다.
The appearances of the city and the countryside are starkly different.
Formal ending -습니다 used with adverb 극명하게.
그의 성공과 실패가 극명하게 나뉘었습니다.
His success and failure were starkly divided.
나뉘다 (to be divided) is a common verb for this adjective.
두 팀의 실력 차이가 극명하네요.
The difference in skill between the two teams is stark, isn't it?
The suffix -네요 adds a sense of realization.
이 영화는 선과 악이 극명해요.
In this movie, good and evil are starkly clear.
Describing themes in a story.
어제와 오늘의 날씨가 극명하게 차이 납니다.
The weather yesterday and today is starkly different.
차이 나다 (to have a difference) is often used.
그녀의 표정에서 기쁨이 극명하게 드러났어요.
Joy was starkly revealed in her expression.
드러나다 (to be revealed) is a key verb pairing.
두 제품의 가격 차이가 극명합니다.
The price difference between the two products is stark.
Formal polite style.
이 보고서는 결과가 극명하게 나타나 있어요.
This report shows the results very clearly.
나타나 있다 (to be shown/manifested).
빈부 격차가 극명하게 드러나는 사회적 문제입니다.
It is a social problem where the gap between rich and poor is starkly revealed.
Using 극명하게 with a complex relative clause.
두 후보의 공약은 극명한 대조를 이룹니다.
The two candidates' pledges form a stark contrast.
대조를 이루다 (to form a contrast) is a very natural collocation.
찬성과 반대 의견이 극명하게 갈리고 있습니다.
Opinions for and against are being starkly divided.
갈리다 (to be split/divided) is used for opinions.
이 사진은 빛과 어둠의 극명한 대비를 보여줍니다.
This photo shows a stark contrast between light and darkness.
대비 (contrast) paired with 극명한.
과거와 현재의 생활 방식이 극명하게 달라졌습니다.
The lifestyle of the past and present has changed starkly.
달라지다 (to become different) in the past tense.
그의 말과 행동 사이에는 극명한 차이가 있다.
There is a stark difference between his words and his actions.
Describing hypocrisy or inconsistency.
이번 실험 결과는 가설의 오류를 극명하게 증명했다.
The results of this experiment starkly proved the error of the hypothesis.
증명하다 (to prove) modified by 극명하게.
도시의 화려함 뒤에는 극명한 빈곤이 숨어 있다.
Stark poverty is hidden behind the splendor of the city.
Using 극명한 to emphasize the severity of a condition.
경제적 불평등이 교육 기회의 차이로 극명하게 나타나고 있다.
Economic inequality is starkly appearing as a difference in educational opportunities.
Connecting socio-economic causes to visible effects.
작가의 의도가 작품 전반에 걸쳐 극명하게 드러나 있다.
The author's intention is starkly revealed throughout the entire work.
Used in literary or artistic analysis.
신구 세대 간의 가치관 차이가 극명해지는 추세이다.
The difference in values between the old and new generations is a growing trend.
극명해지다 (to become stark) shows a progressive change.
두 나라의 외교 정책은 극명한 입장 차이를 보이고 있다.
The two countries' foreign policies are showing a stark difference in position.
Common in political news reporting.
이 데이터는 기후 변화의 위험성을 극명하게 경고한다.
This data starkly warns of the dangers of climate change.
경고하다 (to warn) used with 극명하게.
그의 연기는 인간의 내면적 갈등을 극명하게 묘사했다.
His acting starkly portrayed the internal conflict of humans.
묘사하다 (to portray/describe) is a formal verb.
기술의 발전은 인간 생활에 극명한 편리함을 가져다주었다.
The development of technology has brought stark convenience to human life.
Using 극명한 to emphasize a positive but overwhelming change.
이 사건은 우리 사회의 도덕적 해이를 극명하게 보여주는 사례이다.
This incident is an example that starkly shows the moral hazard of our society.
사례 (example/case) as the subject of the sentence.
본 연구는 두 이론의 정당성 여부를 극명하게 판가름할 것이다.
This study will starkly determine the validity of the two theories.
판가름하다 (to judge/decide) is a high-level verb.
현대 문명의 명암이 이 도시에서 극명하게 교차하고 있다.
The light and shadow of modern civilization are starkly intersecting in this city.
명암 (light and shadow) is a metaphorical pairing with 극명하게.
정부의 규제 완화가 시장에 미친 영향은 극명했다.
The impact of the government's deregulation on the market was stark.
Adjective form used to describe the result of a policy.
그의 철학은 유물론과 유심론의 극명한 경계선에 서 있다.
His philosophy stands on the stark boundary between materialism and idealism.
경계선 (boundary line) modified by 극명한.
소비자들의 선호도가 브랜드별로 극명하게 엇갈리고 있다.
Consumer preferences are starkly diverging by brand.
엇갈리다 (to diverge/cross) used for trends.
이 논문은 환경 보호의 시급성을 극명하게 역설하고 있다.
This paper is starkly emphasizing the urgency of environmental protection.
역설하다 (to emphasize/stress) is academic register.
인간의 이기심과 이타심이 극명한 대립을 보이는 순간이었다.
It was a moment when human selfishness and altruism showed a stark confrontation.
대립 (confrontation/opposition) paired with 극명한.
예술적 완성도 면에서 두 작품은 극명한 수준 차이를 드러낸다.
In terms of artistic perfection, the two works reveal a stark difference in level.
드러내다 (to reveal/show) used with a noun phrase.
포스트모더니즘 담론에서 주체와 타자의 경계는 극명하게 와해된다.
In postmodern discourse, the boundary between subject and other is starkly disintegrated.
와해되다 (to collapse/disintegrate) in an academic context.
거시 경제 지표와 서민 경제의 괴리가 극명해지고 있는 실정이다.
The reality is that the gap between macroeconomic indicators and the grassroots economy is becoming stark.
괴리 (gap/alienation) is a sophisticated noun.
그의 문체는 간결함과 화려함이라는 극명한 두 요소의 병치를 특징으로 한다.
His writing style is characterized by the juxtaposition of two stark elements: conciseness and splendor.
병치 (juxtaposition) is a high-level literary term.
역사적 필연성과 우연성의 극명한 교차점이 이 사건을 규정한다.
The stark intersection of historical necessity and contingency defines this incident.
Using 극명한 in historical and philosophical analysis.
자본의 논리가 인간 존엄성을 극명하게 훼손하는 현장을 목격했다.
I witnessed a scene where the logic of capital starkly undermined human dignity.
훼손하다 (to damage/undermine) used with 극명하게.
현상학적 관점에서 의식의 지향성은 대상과의 관계에서 극명하게 발현된다.
From a phenomenological perspective, the intentionality of consciousness is starkly manifested in its relationship with the object.
발현되다 (to be manifested) in philosophical discourse.
전통과 현대의 극명한 불협화음이 도시의 정체성을 형성한다.
The stark dissonance between tradition and modernity forms the city's identity.
불협화음 (dissonance) used metaphorically.
법치주의의 원칙이 정치적 이해관계에 의해 극명하게 왜곡되었다.
The principles of the rule of law were starkly distorted by political interests.
왜곡되다 (to be distorted) in a political context.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— The difference is stark. Used when comparing two things with no similarities.
성적 차이가 극명하다.
— The light and shadow are stark. Used metaphorically for pros and cons.
도시 개발의 명암이 극명하다.
— The colors are stark. Used in art to describe high contrast.
이 그림은 색채가 극명하다.
— The positions are starkly clear. Used in debates.
두 나라의 입장이 극명하다.
— The result is starkly clear. Used when an outcome is obvious.
승패의 결과가 극명하다.
— The contrast is stark. Used for visual or thematic opposites.
두 건물의 대조가 극명하다.
— The phenomenon is starkly clear. Used in social observations.
고령화 현상이 극명하다.
— The intention is starkly clear. Used when someone's motive is obvious.
그의 의도가 극명하게 보인다.
— The boundary is stark. Used for clear divisions.
두 지역의 경계가 극명하다.
— The personalities are starkly different. Used for contrasting characters.
형제의 성격이 극명하다.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
분명하다 is more common and means 'certain' or 'clear'. 극명하다 is for 'stark' or 'extreme' contrast.
맑다 is for physical clarity (water, sky). 극명하다 is for abstract or logical clarity.
선명하다 is for vivid colors or high-res images. 극명하다 is for high-contrast differences.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To form a stark contrast. A very common set phrase in Korean writing.
부유한 동네와 가난한 동네가 극명한 대조를 이룬다.
Formal— To be sharply divided. Usually used for public opinion or votes.
이번 사안에 대해 찬반 여론이 극명하게 갈렸다.
Formal/Journalistic— To have starkly different fortunes (literally: light and shadow cross).
두 기업의 실적이 극명하게 엇갈렸다.
Formal/Economic— To show a stark difference.
두 제품은 성능 면에서 극명한 차이를 보인다.
Formal— To be starkly revealed or exposed.
그의 위선이 이번 사건으로 극명하게 드러났다.
Formal— To be starkly contrasted with something else.
그의 화려한 겉모습은 초라한 내면과 극명하게 대비된다.
Formal/Literary— To appear or manifest starkly.
약의 부작용이 극명하게 나타났다.
Formal— To reveal stark limits or shortcomings.
이 시스템은 대규모 접속 시 극명한 한계를 드러낸다.
Formal/Technical— To starkly reflect a reality or situation.
이 영화는 시대상을 극명하게 반영하고 있다.
Formal— To leave a stark or vivid impression.
그의 첫 연설은 대중에게 극명한 인상을 남겼다.
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both mean a clear difference.
현저하다 is more about the 'remarkable' or 'notable' size of a difference, often used in statistics. 극명하다 is more about the 'starkness' or 'vividness' of a contrast.
차이가 현저하다 (The difference is notable). 차이가 극명하다 (The difference is stark).
Both mean 'definitely clear'.
확연하다 is often used when a change has made something clear. 극명하다 is used when two things are inherently opposite.
태도가 확연히 달라졌다. (His attitude definitely changed.)
Both involve clarity.
명백하다 means something is 'obvious' and 'undeniable' as a fact. 극명하다 is more descriptive of the *nature* of the clarity, especially in contrast.
범행 사실이 명백하다. (The fact of the crime is obvious/undeniable.)
Both mean 'distinct'.
뚜렷하다 is used for visual outlines or memories. 극명하다 is used for logical or thematic divides.
기억이 뚜렷하다. (The memory is distinct.)
Both mean 'clear'.
명확하다 is about being 'precise' and 'accurate'. 극명하다 is about being 'vivid' and 'stark'.
답변이 명확하다. (The answer is precise/clear.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
A와 B가 극명해요.
낮과 밤이 극명해요.
A와 B의 차이가 극명합니다.
도시와 시골의 차이가 극명합니다.
극명한 [Noun]를 보이다.
두 제품은 극명한 차이를 보인다.
극명하게 [Verb].
의견이 극명하게 갈리고 있다.
[Noun]가 극명하게 드러나다.
사회의 모순이 극명하게 드러났다.
극명한 [Noun]를 특징으로 하다.
이 작품은 극명한 대조를 특징으로 한다.
극명한 대조를 이루다.
과거와 현재가 극명한 대조를 이룬다.
극명하게 대비되다.
그의 말은 행동과 극명하게 대비된다.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Medium-High (Very high in media/news, lower in daily conversation).
-
하늘이 극명하다.
→
하늘이 맑다.
극명하다 is for abstract/logical clarity or contrast, not for the physical clarity of the sky or liquids.
-
두 사과가 극명하게 다르다.
→
두 사과가 많이 다르다.
Using 극명하다 for small, trivial things sounds overly dramatic unless the difference is truly extreme.
-
그의 목소리가 극명하다.
→
그의 목소리가 또렷하다.
극명하다 is not used for the clarity of sound. Use 또렷하다 or 분명하다 for voices.
-
극명한 사실입니다.
→
명백한 사실입니다.
While '극명한 사실' is possible, '명백한 사실' (obvious fact) is a much more natural and common collocation for facts.
-
물이 극명해서 안이 다 보인다.
→
물이 투명해서 안이 다 보인다.
For transparency (being able to see through something), use 투명하다.
نکات
Pair with Contrast
Always try to use this word when you are comparing two things. If there's no comparison, '분명하다' is likely a better choice.
Keep it Formal
Save this word for essays, presentations, and serious discussions. Using it in casual settings can make you sound like a textbook.
Adverbial Power
The form '극명하게' is extremely useful. Use it with verbs like '갈리다' (divided) to describe how people feel about a topic.
Hanja Roots
Remember 極 (Extreme) + 明 (Bright). This will help you remember that the word means 'extremely clear' and not just 'clear'.
Visual Writing
In descriptive writing, use '극명한 대조를 이루다' to create a strong mental image for your reader.
News Keywords
When you hear '극명' on the news, pay attention to the statistics or the two groups being mentioned. It's a key analytical term.
Confidence
Using this word correctly shows you have reached a B2/C1 level of Korean. Don't be afraid to use it in formal speaking tests.
Thesis Statements
This is a great word for thesis statements. '이 논문은 A와 B의 극명한 차이를 분석한다' (This paper analyzes the stark difference between A and B).
The Spotlight Rule
Associate '극명하다' with a spotlight. Anything in the spotlight is '극명하게' visible against the dark background.
Not for Water
Never use '극명하다' for clear water or a clear sky. That is a very common learner mistake!
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of the 'Geuk' (極) as the North Pole—the most extreme point. Think of 'Myeong' (明) as a bright light. 'Geuk-Myeong' is an Extreme Light that makes everything starkly clear.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a black and white photograph with no gray. The white is so white and the black is so black that the line between them is '극명하다'.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find two objects in your room that are completely different. Use the sentence: '이것과 저것의 차이가 극명해요' to describe them out loud three times.
ریشه کلمه
The word is a Sino-Korean compound. 'Geuk' (極) means the extreme or the pole, while 'Myeong' (明) means bright, clear, or to understand. Together, they form a word that describes something being clear to the highest degree.
معنای اصلی: Originally, it referred to something being so bright that nothing could be hidden, like the sun at its zenith.
Sino-Korean (Hanja)بافت فرهنگی
While not offensive, using it to describe people's differences (like looks or intelligence) can sound harsh or overly clinical because of its intensity.
In English, we often use 'stark' or 'vivid' in similar contexts. '극명하다' matches the intensity of 'stark' perfectly.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Politics & Elections
- 지지율 차이가 극명하다
- 정책이 극명하게 다르다
- 보수와 진보의 극명한 대립
- 투표 결과가 극명하게 나타났다
Economy & Society
- 빈부 격차가 극명하다
- 성장세가 극명하게 엇갈리다
- 사회적 모순이 극명하게 드러나다
- 계층 간의 차이가 극명하다
Art & Literature
- 색채의 극명한 대비
- 캐릭터의 성격이 극명하다
- 주제가 극명하게 묘사되다
- 명암의 극명한 조화
Science & Data
- 실험 결과가 극명하다
- 데이터의 차이가 극명하게 보인다
- 가설이 극명하게 증명되다
- 수치의 극명한 변화
Daily Comparisons
- 취향이 극명하게 갈리다
- 전후 차이가 극명하다
- 장단점이 극명하다
- 스타일이 극명하게 다르다
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"요즘 빈부 격차가 너무 극명해진 것 같지 않아요? (Don't you think the wealth gap has become too stark lately?)"
"두 후보의 정책 차이가 극명해서 선택하기가 쉽네요. (The difference in the two candidates' policies is so stark it's easy to choose.)"
"이 영화는 선과 악의 대조가 정말 극명하더라고요. (I found the contrast between good and evil in this movie to be really stark.)"
"부모님 세대와 우리 세대의 생각 차이가 극명하게 드러나는 순간이 언제인가요? (When is a moment when the difference in thinking between your parents' generation and our generation is starkly revealed?)"
"광고 전후의 매출 차이가 극명하게 나타났나요? (Did the difference in sales before and after the ad appear starkly?)"
موضوعات نگارش
오늘 내가 목격한 가장 극명한 대조는 무엇이었나? (What was the most stark contrast I witnessed today?)
자신의 성격 중에서 가장 극명하게 드러나는 장점과 단점에 대해 써보세요. (Write about the most starkly revealed strengths and weaknesses in your personality.)
고향과 지금 살고 있는 도시의 극명한 차이점 세 가지를 비교해 보세요. (Compare three stark differences between your hometown and the city you live in now.)
과거의 나와 현재의 나 사이의 극명한 변화는 무엇인가? (What is the stark change between the past me and the present me?)
우리 사회에서 가장 극명하게 해결해야 할 문제는 무엇이라고 생각하는가? (What do you think is the most starkly urgent problem to solve in our society?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, you cannot. For clear skin, you should use '피부가 깨끗하다' (clean skin) or '피부가 투명하다' (transparent/clear skin). '극명하다' is for logical contrasts, not physical cleanliness or clarity.
Yes, but usually by characters who are lawyers, doctors, or news reporters. It's also used in the narration or when characters are discussing serious social issues or deep emotional divides.
'분명하다' is like saying 'it is clear.' '극명하다' is like saying 'it is starkly, undeniably, and extremely clear.' '극명하다' always carries more intensity and usually implies a comparison.
Yes, if you are comparing two foods that are completely opposite, like extremely sweet vs. extremely bitter. You could say '맛의 차이가 극명하다'.
It might sound a bit too formal or dramatic. Unless you are joking or discussing something serious like a movie, '차이가 진짜 크다' (the difference is really big) is more natural for texting.
The past tense is '극명했다' (it was stark). For the polite past tense, use '극명했어요' or '극명했습니다'.
The most common nouns are '차이' (difference), '대조' (contrast), '대비' (comparison), '증거' (evidence), and '한계' (limit).
Not inherently. It just means 'stark.' However, it is often used to describe negative things like '극명한 빈부 격차' (stark wealth gap) or '극명한 갈등' (stark conflict).
No. For a clear voice, use '목소리가 맑다' or '목소리가 또렷하다'. '극명하다' doesn't apply to sound quality.
In standard Korean, the 'h' in 'ha-da' is pronounced softly. Between two vowels, it can sometimes become very weak, but you should aim to pronounce it slightly.
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Write a sentence comparing the weather in summer and winter using '극명하다'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use '극명하게' to describe how opinions are divided on a controversial topic.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a stark difference between two brands of smartphones.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the contrast between a city and a forest using '극명한 대조'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain how a truth was revealed using '극명하게 드러나다'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write an academic-style sentence about the wealth gap.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a person's facial expression using '극명하게'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Compare the past and present using '극명하다'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use '극명한 한계' to describe a flawed system.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a movie's theme of good vs. evil.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the difference in results between two students.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use '극명하게 대비되다' to compare two characters in a book.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write about a stark change in someone's attitude.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the visual contrast in a black and white photo.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write about the difference in lifestyle between city and country.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use '극명하게 보여주다' in a sentence about a documentary.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the difference between two opposing political parties.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the stark results of a medical trial.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use '극명한 증거' in a sentence about a crime.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the stark dissonance between tradition and modern life.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the difference between city life and country life using '극명하다'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
How would you express that public opinion is sharply divided on a new law?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain a stark contrast you saw in a movie recently.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Talk about a stark change in your life compared to 5 years ago.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
How do you say 'The results are starkly clear' in a business meeting?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Describe a visual contrast in nature (e.g., a desert or a snowy mountain).
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Express that two friends have completely opposite personalities.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
What would you say if a scientific experiment clearly proved a theory?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
How would you describe the difference between two very different political candidates?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Use '극명한 대조' to describe an art piece.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Discuss the wealth gap in modern society.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Tell a story where someone's true intentions were starkly revealed.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Describe the difference between traditional and modern architecture in Korea.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Compare two products you have used recently.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain why a certain decision was obviously wrong.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Use '극명하게' to talk about a sports match.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Describe the difference in voting patterns between generations.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
How would you describe the stark limits of a new technology?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Talk about a stark contrast in someone's behavior before and after an event.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Summarize a debate where no agreement was reached.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
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Listen to the news anchor: '빈부 격차가 극명해지고 있습니다.' What is the anchor saying?
A friend says: '두 사람 성격이 진짜 극명하다.' What does it mean?
A critic says: '명암의 대비가 극명한 작품입니다.' What is being praised?
A manager says: '효과가 극명하게 나타났어요.' Is the manager happy?
In a documentary: '도시와 농촌의 모습이 극명한 대조를 이룹니다.' What are they showing?
A researcher says: '데이터가 극명한 차이를 보입니다.' What is the research finding?
A politician says: '찬반 의견이 극명하게 갈립니다.' What is happening?
Someone says: '그의 위선이 극명하게 드러났어.' What happened to the person?
A teacher says: '이 두 문법은 극명한 차이가 있어요.' What should the student do?
A narrator says: '역사의 명암이 극명하게 교차하는 곳입니다.' What kind of place is it?
A speaker says: '극명한 한계를 느꼈습니다.' How do they feel?
A reporter: '세대 간 갈등이 극명하게 나타나고 있습니다.' What is the topic?
Someone says: '어제와 오늘 기분이 극명하게 다르네.' How is the person's mood?
A scientist: '결과가 극명하게 입증되었습니다.' Was the hypothesis confirmed?
A director: '두 주인공의 삶은 극명하게 대비됩니다.' What is the movie's focus?
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Summary
The word '극명하다' is your best tool for describing situations where there is no middle ground. Use it when comparing two things that are vastly different to show that the difference is obvious and undeniable. Example: '두 나라의 문화 차이가 극명하다' (The cultural difference between the two countries is stark).
- 극명하다 means 'extremely clear' or 'stark,' specifically used for contrasts and undeniable differences between two opposing things.
- It is a formal, Hanja-based word (極明) common in news, academic writing, and analytical discussions.
- Unlike '맑다' (physical clarity), it describes abstract clarity, logical evidence, or visual contrasts like light and shadow.
- Commonly used as '극명한 차이' (stark difference) or '극명하게 갈리다' (starkly divided).
Pair with Contrast
Always try to use this word when you are comparing two things. If there's no comparison, '분명하다' is likely a better choice.
Keep it Formal
Save this word for essays, presentations, and serious discussions. Using it in casual settings can make you sound like a textbook.
Adverbial Power
The form '극명하게' is extremely useful. Use it with verbs like '갈리다' (divided) to describe how people feel about a topic.
Hanja Roots
Remember 極 (Extreme) + 明 (Bright). This will help you remember that the word means 'extremely clear' and not just 'clear'.
مثال
두 도시의 경제적 차이는 매우 극명합니다.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر general academic
대량
B1مقدار زیاد یا حجم عظیمی از چیزی که اغلب در زمینه تولید یا خریدهای عمده استفاده میشود.
논점
B1نقطه اصلی یک بحث یا استدلال.
제안하다
B1پیشنهاد یا ارائه یک ایده، طرح یا اقدام برای بررسی. 'او پیشنهاد داد به سینما برویم.'
고유하다
B1کیفیت یا ویژگی ذاتی که مختص یک شخص، شیء یا گروه خاص است و در جای دیگر یافت نمیشود.
