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B2 noun #2,500 پرکاربردترین 12 دقیقه مطالعه

입법

ipbeop
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 입법 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 입법 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Korean. The word '입법' (ip-beop) is very advanced for this level, but it simply means 'making laws.' Imagine a country like a big school or a big game. In a game, you need rules so everyone knows how to play fairly. In a country, these rules are called laws. The people who make these rules are doing '입법'. In South Korea, the place where they make these rules is called the National Assembly (국회). You don't need to use this word in your daily conversations right now. You won't use it when ordering food, asking for directions, or talking about your hobbies. However, if you watch Korean television news, you might hear this word when they show politicians talking in a big room. Just remember that '입법' means creating the big, important rules for the whole country. It is good to know that '법' means 'law'. So, when you see '법' inside '입법', you know it is about laws. For now, focus on simpler words, but keep this one in your memory for later when you learn more about how the Korean government works. It is a formal word, not a casual one.
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At the A2 level, you can understand basic sentences about everyday life. The word '입법' (ip-beop) means 'legislation' or 'lawmaking.' It is the action of creating laws for a country. You know that a country needs rules to be safe and organized. The process of making these official rules is called '입법'. In Korea, the National Assembly (국회) is the place that does this job. The politicians there discuss problems and decide what new rules are needed. While you still might not use this word when talking with your friends, you will start to see it if you read simple news articles or watch the news on TV. For example, you might hear that the government is planning a new '입법' to protect the environment or to help workers. It is a very formal word. You can remember it by breaking it down: '입' means to establish or set up, and '법' means law. So, it literally means setting up a law. If you want to say 'to make a law' in a simpler way, you can say '법을 만들다'. But in news and formal writing, '입법하다' is used. Understanding this word helps you understand basic news about the Korean government.
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At the B1 level, you are becoming more comfortable with intermediate Korean and can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. The word '입법' (legislation/lawmaking) becomes more relevant here as you start engaging with broader societal topics. '입법' refers to the formal governmental process of enacting laws. It is a core concept in understanding how a state functions. You should know that in a democracy, power is divided, and '입법' is the specific power to create laws, held by the legislative branch (입법부), which is the National Assembly (국회) in Korea. At this level, you should be able to recognize and understand phrases like '입법을 추진하다' (to push for legislation) or '입법 과정' (the legislative process) when reading news articles or listening to news broadcasts. You might read a text about citizens demanding new '입법' to solve a social issue, like housing or education. It is important to distinguish '입법' from just '법' (law). '법' is the result, while '입법' is the action or process of making it. You can start using this word in your writing if you are asked to express your opinion on a social problem and suggest that the government needs to make a new law to fix it. It elevates your vocabulary from casual to formal.
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At the B2 level, you can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. '입법' (legislation) is a key vocabulary word for this level, especially for the TOPIK II exam. You must fully grasp its meaning and usage in formal contexts. '입법' encompasses the entire process of drafting, debating, and passing statutes. You need to understand its role within the separation of powers: 입법 (legislative), 행정 (executive), and 사법 (judicial). You should be comfortable reading news analyses that discuss the '입법 취지' (legislative intent) of a controversial bill or the '입법 예고' (advance notice of legislation) period. At this stage, you should actively use collocations like '입법을 촉구하다' (to urge legislation) or '입법권' (legislative power) in your essays or debates. You should also understand the difference between '제정' (enacting a new law) and '개정' (amending an existing law), both of which fall under the umbrella of '입법'. When discussing social issues, you can argue whether a problem requires a new '입법' or just better enforcement of existing laws. Mastery of this word allows you to comprehend and participate in sophisticated discussions about Korean politics, public policy, and societal structure, which is essential for advanced fluency.
At the C1 level, you can express yourself fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Your understanding of '입법' must be comprehensive and nuanced. You are expected to read and comprehend complex legal and political texts, such as editorials, academic papers, or official government reports, where '입법' is used extensively. You should understand the intricate details of the '입법 절차' (legislative procedure) in the Korean National Assembly, including committee reviews (상임위원회 심사) and plenary sessions (본회의). You must be able to critically analyze the '입법 목적' (legislative purpose) and potential side effects of proposed laws. Furthermore, you should be familiar with advanced concepts like '위헌 법률 심판' (constitutional review of legislation) and the limits of '입법 재량' (legislative discretion). In your own writing and speaking, you should use '입법' and its related terms flawlessly to construct persuasive arguments about legal reforms, constitutional issues, or the balance of power in government. You can discuss the phenomenon of '과잉 입법' (over-legislation) or the problem of '입법 미비' (legislative deficiency/loophole) where the law fails to address a new social reality. Your vocabulary should reflect a deep understanding of the legal and political mechanisms that shape Korean society.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the language. Your use and understanding of '입법' should reflect a profound grasp of jurisprudence, political science, and constitutional law. You can effortlessly navigate highly specialized texts, such as Supreme Court rulings, constitutional court decisions, and advanced academic treatises that dissect the philosophical and practical dimensions of '입법'. You understand the subtle interplay between '입법권' (legislative power) and the fundamental rights of citizens, and can debate the theoretical limits of legislative authority. You are capable of analyzing the historical evolution of specific '입법' and its socio-economic impact over time. You can fluently discuss complex concepts like '위임 입법' (delegated legislation), where the legislature grants rule-making authority to the executive branch, and the constitutional boundaries of such delegation. In professional or academic settings, you can articulate sophisticated critiques of current '입법' trends, propose comprehensive legislative frameworks for emerging issues (like AI or biotechnology), and engage in high-level discourse on the structural integrity of the democratic system. Your mastery goes beyond mere vocabulary; it encompasses the entire conceptual universe of lawmaking in the Korean context.
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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

입법 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Refers to the formal process of making or enacting laws.
  • Represents the legislative branch (입법부) in the separation of powers.
  • Carried out by the National Assembly (국회) in South Korea.
  • Essential vocabulary for understanding Korean news, politics, and law.

The Korean word 입법 (ip-beop) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'legislation' or 'lawmaking.' It refers to the formal act, process, or function of making, enacting, or establishing laws within a society or a sovereign state. In the context of the separation of powers in a democratic government, it specifically designates the legislative branch, distinguishing it from the executive (행정) and judicial (사법) branches. Understanding this word is absolutely crucial for anyone studying Korean at an intermediate to advanced level, especially for those interested in reading the news, understanding political discourse, or studying Korean law and society. The concept of legislation is deeply embedded in the functioning of any modern state, and in South Korea, this power is vested in the National Assembly (국회). When we talk about 입법, we are not just talking about a simple rule-making process; we are discussing the complex, multi-layered procedure through which societal values, economic policies, and citizen rights are codified into enforceable statutes. This involves drafting bills, debating them in parliamentary committees, voting in plenary sessions, and finally promulgating them as official laws. The word itself is of Sino-Korean origin, combining '立' (ip), meaning 'to establish' or 'to stand,' and '法' (beop), meaning 'law.' Therefore, its literal translation is 'establishing the law.' This clear etymological background makes it relatively easy to remember for learners familiar with basic Hanja. In everyday conversation, you might not use this word when talking about simple rules at home or in a game; instead, it is reserved for formal, institutional, and governmental contexts. For instance, you will frequently hear it in news broadcasts discussing a new '입법 예고' (advance notice of legislation) or debating the '입법 취지' (legislative intent) behind a controversial new statute. Furthermore, the term is often used in compound words, such as '입법부' (the legislature or legislative branch) and '입법권' (legislative power). Mastery of this word and its collocations will significantly enhance your ability to comprehend Korean news media, participate in academic discussions, and understand the legal frameworks that govern South Korean society. It is a cornerstone vocabulary item for the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) II, particularly in the reading and listening sections that deal with politics, economy, and law. By grasping the full scope of '입법,' learners unlock a deeper understanding of how Korean society regulates itself and how public policy is transformed into binding legal reality.

Hanja Breakdown
立 (입): To establish, to stand. 法 (법): Law, rule, method.
Core Concept
The formal governmental process of creating statutory laws.
Related Branch
입법부 (Legislative Branch), which in Korea is the 국회 (National Assembly).

국회는 국가의 입법 기관으로서 법률을 제정합니다.

새로운 환경 보호 법안이 입법 과정을 거치고 있습니다.

정부는 국민의 의견을 수렴하여 입법 예고를 실시했습니다.

그 판결은 입법 취지에 어긋난다는 비판을 받았습니다.

입법, 사법, 행정의 삼권분립은 민주주의의 기본입니다.

Using the word 입법 correctly requires an understanding of its formal and institutional nature. Because it refers specifically to the enactment of laws by a recognized governing body, it is almost exclusively used in formal writing, news reporting, legal documents, and academic discourse. You will rarely, if ever, hear it in casual, everyday conversation about personal matters. When constructing sentences with '입법,' it is often combined with specific verbs that describe the actions associated with lawmaking. The most common verb used with it is '하다' (to do), forming the verb '입법하다' (to legislate). However, it is equally common to see it used as a noun modifying other nouns, or as the subject/object of more complex legal verbs. For example, '입법을 추진하다' means 'to push for legislation,' indicating an active effort by politicians or advocacy groups to get a law passed. '입법을 요구하다' translates to 'to demand legislation,' often used when citizens or organizations are protesting or petitioning the government to create new laws to address a specific issue. Another frequent usage is in compound nouns. '입법부' refers to the legislative branch itself. '입법권' is the legislative power or authority, which the constitution grants to the National Assembly. '입법 과정' refers to the legislative process, the step-by-step journey a bill takes from proposal to enactment. '입법 취지' is a very important phrase in legal contexts, meaning 'legislative intent'—the original purpose or goal the lawmakers had in mind when they created the law. Judges often refer to the '입법 취지' when interpreting ambiguous statutes. When writing essays or taking advanced Korean proficiency tests, using these collocations correctly will demonstrate a high level of vocabulary mastery. It is also important to note the passive constructions, such as '입법되다' (to be legislated), which focuses on the law itself rather than the lawmakers. For instance, '그 법안은 마침내 입법되었다' (That bill was finally legislated/enacted). Furthermore, understanding the nuances of related terms like '제정' (enactment of a new law) and '개정' (amendment of an existing law) is crucial, as '입법' encompasses both of these activities. By familiarizing yourself with these specific verbs, compound nouns, and contextual applications, you can confidently and accurately incorporate '입법' into your advanced Korean communication, whether you are debating public policy, analyzing news articles, or studying the structural foundations of the South Korean legal system.

Common Verb Collocation 1
입법하다 (To legislate, to enact a law) - Used when the legislative body actively creates a law.
Common Verb Collocation 2
입법을 추진하다 (To push for legislation) - Used when politicians or groups are advocating for a new law.
Common Noun Phrase
입법 과정 (Legislative process) - The procedural steps required to pass a bill.

시민 단체들은 아동 보호를 위한 강력한 입법을 촉구했습니다.

국회의원들은 경제 위기를 극복하기 위해 신속하게 입법을 추진하고 있습니다.

이 법안의 입법 취지는 사회적 약자를 보호하는 데 있습니다.

복잡한 입법 과정을 거쳐 드디어 새로운 세법이 통과되었습니다.

헌법은 입법권을 국회에 부여하고 있습니다.

The term 입법 is ubiquitous in specific domains of Korean society, primarily those dealing with governance, law, news media, and civic education. If you tune into a Korean news channel, especially during segments covering the National Assembly (국회) or political developments, you are guaranteed to hear this word multiple times. News anchors and political correspondents use it to describe the daily activities of lawmakers, the introduction of new bills, and the debates surrounding controversial policies. For example, phrases like '입법 전쟁' (legislative war) are often used by the media to describe fierce partisan battles over the passage of significant laws. In addition to television and radio news, '입법' is a staple in print journalism. Newspapers feature dedicated political and legal sections where the '입법 과정' (legislative process) of various bills is analyzed in detail. Beyond the media, you will encounter this word extensively in academic settings, particularly in university courses related to political science, public administration, and law. Textbooks on the Korean constitution will dedicate entire chapters to the '입법부' (legislative branch) and its functions. Furthermore, in the realm of civic activism and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), '입법' is a crucial concept. Activists frequently organize campaigns to demand '입법' for social justice, environmental protection, or human rights issues. They might issue press releases urging the National Assembly to '조속한 입법' (prompt legislation) of a specific protective measure. You will also see this word on official government websites, such as the Ministry of Government Legislation (법제처) or the National Assembly's own portal, where citizens can track the progress of bills and read '입법 예고' (advance notices of legislation). Even in everyday life, while you might not use it in casual chat, you will see it on banners hung by politicians in your local neighborhood, advertising their '입법 성과' (legislative achievements) to constituents. For Korean language learners, particularly those preparing for the TOPIK II exam, encountering this word in the reading and listening comprehension sections is highly likely. The exam frequently tests the ability to understand formal texts about social issues, government policies, and legal changes, making a solid grasp of '입법' and its related vocabulary absolutely essential for achieving a high score. Therefore, immersing yourself in Korean news and formal texts is the best way to become comfortable with how and where this word is naturally used.

Context 1: News Media
Frequently heard in political news broadcasts and read in newspaper articles discussing the National Assembly.
Context 2: Academic & Legal
Standard terminology in political science, law textbooks, and official legal documents.
Context 3: Civic Activism
Used by NGOs and activists when petitioning the government for new laws or policy changes.

오늘 9시 뉴스에서는 여야의 치열한 입법 공방을 집중 보도했습니다.

대학교 정치학 수업에서 한국의 입법 절차에 대해 배웠습니다.

환경 단체는 플라스틱 사용 규제를 위한 조속한 입법을 요구하는 성명서를 발표했습니다.

국회 홈페이지에서 관심 있는 법안의 입법 진행 상황을 확인할 수 있습니다.

그 국회의원은 자신의 임기 동안 이루어낸 주요 입법 성과를 홍보했습니다.

When learning and using the word 입법, Korean language learners often make a few predictable mistakes, primarily stemming from confusion with related legal terms or a misunderstanding of its specific scope. The most frequent error is confusing '입법' (legislation) with '사법' (judiciary/administration of justice) or '행정' (administration/executive). While all three are related to the government and the law, they represent entirely different functions. '입법' is strictly the *creation* of laws. '행정' is the *execution* or implementation of those laws by the government ministries. '사법' is the *interpretation* and enforcement of those laws by the courts. Using '입법' when you mean 'enforcing the law' is factually incorrect. For example, saying '경찰이 입법을 합니다' (The police legislate) is wrong; the police enforce the law, they do not make it. The correct body is the National Assembly (국회). Another common mistake is using '입법' interchangeably with '법률' (law/statute). While related, '법률' is the tangible result, the noun representing the law itself, whereas '입법' is the abstract concept, the process, or the act of making that law. You would say '법률을 지키다' (to obey the law), not '입법을 지키다' (to obey the legislation process). Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the correct verbs to pair with '입법'. While '입법하다' is correct, learners might awkwardly try to say '입법을 만들다' (to make legislation), which is redundant because '입법' already contains the meaning of 'making.' It is more natural to say '법을 만들다' (to make a law) or '입법하다' (to legislate). Additionally, understanding the difference between '입법' and '제정' (enactment) can be tricky. '제정' specifically refers to the very first time a new law is created, while '입법' is a broader term that covers the entire legislative function, including both creating new laws (제정) and amending existing ones (개정). Therefore, while all '제정' is '입법', not all '입법' is '제정'. By paying close attention to these distinctions—especially the separation of powers (입법, 행정, 사법) and the specific verb collocations—learners can avoid these common pitfalls and use '입법' with the precision expected in formal Korean discourse. Careful reading of news articles will help reinforce the correct boundaries of this word's usage.

Mistake 1: Confusing Branches
Using 입법 (Legislative) when meaning 사법 (Judicial) or 행정 (Executive). Remember: 입법 makes the law, 행정 executes it, 사법 interprets it.
Mistake 2: Redundant Verbs
Saying '입법을 만들다' (to make legislation). Instead, use '입법하다' (to legislate) or '법을 제정하다' (to enact a law).
Mistake 3: Process vs. Object
Confusing 입법 (the process of lawmaking) with 법률 (the actual law itself). You obey a 법률, you do not obey an 입법.

잘못된 예: 경찰의 주요 임무는 입법입니다. (Incorrect: Police do not legislate.)

올바른 예: 국회의 주요 임무는 입법입니다. (Correct: The National Assembly's main duty is legislation.)

잘못된 예: 우리는 새로운 입법을 지켜야 합니다. (Incorrect: You obey the law, not the process.)

올바른 예: 우리는 새로 제정된 법률을 지켜야 합니다. (Correct: We must obey the newly enacted law.)

올바른 예: 정부는 그 문제를 해결하기 위해 입법을 추진하고 있습니다. (Correct: The government is pushing for legislation to solve the problem.)

To fully master the vocabulary surrounding the concept of 입법, it is highly beneficial to understand its synonyms and related terms, as they offer nuanced differences in meaning and usage. The most closely related term is 제정 (enactment). While '입법' refers broadly to the entire legislative function or the act of lawmaking in general, '제정' specifically refers to the initial creation and establishment of a *new* law or system that did not exist before. For example, you would say '새로운 법의 제정' (the enactment of a new law). Another highly relevant term is 법률 (law/statute). As mentioned previously, '법률' is the concrete result of the '입법' process. It is the actual, codified rule that citizens must follow. You can think of '입법' as the factory and '법률' as the product. 개정 (amendment/revision) is also crucial. It refers to the process of changing or updating an existing law. The overarching concept of '입법' includes both '제정' (making new laws) and '개정' (changing old ones). When discussing the legal framework as a whole, the word 법제 (legal system/legislation) is often used. It encompasses the entire body of laws and the system by which they are organized and administered. For instance, '법제처' is the Ministry of Government Legislation. In a more abstract sense, 규제 (regulation) is related, as legislation often involves creating regulations to control or guide certain behaviors or industries. However, '규제' focuses on the restrictive aspect, whereas '입법' is the neutral process of creating the rule. Finally, understanding the antonyms or contrasting terms is just as important. 폐지 (abolition/repeal) is the opposite of enactment; it is the formal act of ending or removing a law. And, as always, keeping the other branches of government—행정 (administration) and 사법 (judiciary)—in mind provides the necessary structural context. By differentiating these similar and related words, you can express complex legal and political ideas in Korean with much greater precision and sophistication, avoiding repetitive phrasing and demonstrating a deep understanding of the subject matter.

제정 (Enactment)
Specifically refers to the creation of a brand new law or rule. A sub-category of the broader 입법 process.
개정 (Amendment)
The process of revising or changing an existing law. Also falls under the umbrella of 입법 activities.
법률 (Statute/Law)
The tangible, codified rule that is produced as a result of the 입법 process.

입법 기관인 국회는 시대의 변화에 맞춰 새로운 법을 제정해야 합니다.

기존 법의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 법률 개정이 필요합니다.

이러한 규제는 국민의 자유를 지나치게 제한한다는 비판이 있습니다.

시대에 뒤떨어진 악법은 과감하게 폐지되어야 합니다.

한국의 법제는 대륙법계의 영향을 많이 받았습니다.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Noun + 을/를 추진하다 (To push for Noun)

Noun + 기 위한 (For the purpose of Noun)

Passive verbs: 입법되다 (To be legislated)

Noun + 에 따르면 (According to Noun - e.g., 입법 예고에 따르면)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

국회는 입법을 합니다.

The National Assembly makes laws.

입법을 하다: to do legislation (to make laws).

2

입법은 법을 만드는 것입니다.

Legislation is making laws.

은/는: topic marker. ~는 것: the act of doing something.

3

뉴스에서 입법 이야기를 들었어요.

I heard a story about legislation on the news.

에서: location marker (on/in). 들었어요: past tense of 듣다 (to hear).

4

입법 기관은 국회입니다.

The legislative body is the National Assembly.

기관: organization/body. 입니다: formal 'to be'.

5

새로운 입법이 필요해요.

New legislation is needed.

새로운: new (adjective form). 필요해요: is necessary.

6

입법은 아주 중요합니다.

Legislation is very important.

아주: very. 중요합니다: formal 'is important'.

7

그들은 입법을 원해요.

They want legislation.

원해요: want (present tense).

8

입법 과정은 길어요.

The legislative process is long.

과정: process. 길어요: is long.

1

정부가 새로운 법을 입법하려고 합니다.

The government is planning to legislate a new law.

하려고 하다: to intend to do / to plan to do.

2

환경을 보호하기 위한 입법이 진행 중입니다.

Legislation to protect the environment is in progress.

기 위한: in order to. 진행 중: in progress.

3

시민들은 안전을 위해 빠른 입법을 요구했습니다.

Citizens demanded fast legislation for safety.

위해: for the sake of. 요구했습니다: demanded (past tense).

4

이 문제는 입법으로 해결해야 합니다.

This problem must be solved through legislation.

으로: by means of / through. 해야 합니다: must do.

5

국회의원들이 입법에 대해 토론하고 있습니다.

Members of the National Assembly are debating about legislation.

에 대해: about / regarding. 고 있습니다: is doing (present continuous).

6

최근에 동물 보호 입법이 많아졌어요.

Recently, there has been a lot of animal protection legislation.

최근에: recently. 많아졌어요: has become a lot / increased.

7

입법 예고 기간 동안 의견을 낼 수 있습니다.

You can submit your opinion during the legislation notice period.

동안: during. ㄹ 수 있습니다: can do.

8

그 법안은 아직 입법되지 않았습니다.

That bill has not been legislated yet.

지 않았습니다: has not been (negative past passive).

1

국회는 국민의 뜻을 반영하여 입법 활동을 해야 합니다.

The National Assembly must carry out legislative activities reflecting the will of the people.

반영하여: reflecting and... 활동: activity.

2

이번 정기국회에서 주요 경제 법안들이 입법될 예정입니다.

Major economic bills are scheduled to be legislated during this regular session of the National Assembly.

될 예정입니다: is scheduled to be.

3

사회적 약자를 보호하기 위한 입법이 시급합니다.

Legislation to protect the socially vulnerable is urgent.

시급합니다: is urgent / pressing.

4

그 단체는 아동 학대 처벌을 강화하는 입법을 추진하고 있습니다.

The organization is pushing for legislation that strengthens the punishment for child abuse.

강화하는: strengthening (modifier). 추진하고 있습니다: is pushing forward.

5

법률이 제정되기 위해서는 복잡한 입법 과정을 거쳐야 합니다.

In order for a law to be enacted, it must go through a complex legislative process.

기 위해서는: in order for... 거쳐야 합니다: must go through.

6

정부는 새로운 규제 입법의 부작용을 최소화하려고 노력 중입니다.

The government is trying to minimize the side effects of the new regulatory legislation.

부작용: side effects. 최소화하려고: intending to minimize.

7

입법 취지에 맞게 법을 해석하고 적용하는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to interpret and apply the law in accordance with its legislative intent.

취지에 맞게: in accordance with the intent. 해석하고: interpreting and...

8

야당은 여당의 일방적인 입법 독주를 강하게 비판했습니다.

The opposition party strongly criticized the ruling party's unilateral legislative drive.

일방적인: unilateral. 비판했습니다: criticized.

1

현대 사회의 급격한 변화 속도를 입법이 따라가지 못하는 현상이 발생하고 있습니다.

A phenomenon is occurring where legislation cannot keep up with the rapid pace of change in modern society.

따라가지 못하는: unable to keep up with. 현상: phenomenon.

2

헌법재판소는 해당 법률 조항이 헌법에 위배된다며 입법 촉구 결정을 내렸습니다.

The Constitutional Court ruled that the legal provision violates the constitution and issued a decision urging legislation.

위배된다며: saying it violates. 촉구: urging.

3

기술 발전으로 인해 새롭게 등장한 플랫폼 노동자들을 보호할 입법적 장치가 마련되어야 합니다.

Legislative mechanisms must be prepared to protect platform workers who have newly emerged due to technological advancement.

등장한: emerged. 입법적 장치: legislative mechanism.

4

정치적 이해관계 때문에 민생과 직결된 중요한 입법이 지연되고 있다는 지적이 많습니다.

There are many criticisms that important legislation directly linked to people's livelihoods is being delayed due to political interests.

직결된: directly linked. 지연되고 있다는: that it is being delayed.

5

국민의 기본권을 제한하는 입법은 반드시 명확한 법적 근거와 정당성을 가져야 합니다.

Legislation that restricts the fundamental rights of citizens must strictly have clear legal grounds and justification.

제한하는: restricting. 정당성: justification.

6

이 법안은 상임위원회 심사 등 정상적인 입법 절차를 무시하고 통과되어 논란이 일고 있습니다.

This bill is causing controversy as it was passed ignoring normal legislative procedures such as standing committee reviews.

무시하고: ignoring and. 논란이 일고 있습니다: controversy is arising.

7

시민 사회 단체들은 국회의 입법 활동을 감시하고 평가하는 역할을 수행합니다.

Civil society organizations perform the role of monitoring and evaluating the legislative activities of the National Assembly.

감시하고: monitoring and. 평가하는: evaluating.

8

포괄적 차별금지법 제정을 둘러싸고 찬반 양론이 팽팽하게 맞서며 입법에 난항을 겪고 있습니다.

With pros and cons tightly opposing each other over the enactment of the comprehensive anti-discrimination law, the legislation is experiencing difficulties.

둘러싸고: surrounding/over. 난항을 겪고 있습니다: experiencing difficulties/rough sailing.

1

행정부의 자의적인 권력 행사를 통제하기 위해서는 의회의 철저한 입법적 통제가 필수적입니다.

In order to control the arbitrary exercise of power by the executive branch, thorough legislative control by the parliament is essential.

자의적인: arbitrary. 통제: control.

2

법원은 법률을 해석할 때 문언적 의미뿐만 아니라 입법자의 의도와 입법 연혁을 종합적으로 고려해야 합니다.

When interpreting a law, the court must comprehensively consider not only the literal meaning but also the intent of the legislator and the legislative history.

문언적 의미: literal meaning. 입법 연혁: legislative history.

3

급변하는 기술 환경 속에서 경직된 사전 규제적 입법보다는 유연한 사후 규제 방식이 더 효과적일 수 있습니다.

In a rapidly changing technological environment, a flexible post-regulatory approach may be more effective than rigid pre-regulatory legislation.

경직된: rigid. 사후 규제: post-regulation.

4

특정 이익 집단의 로비에 의해 입법이 좌우되는 이른바 '입법 포획' 현상을 경계해야 합니다.

We must be wary of the so-called 'regulatory capture' (legislative capture) phenomenon, where legislation is swayed by the lobbying of specific interest groups.

좌우되는: swayed/influenced. 경계해야 합니다: must be wary of.

5

위임입법의 한계를 일탈하여 행정입법으로 국민의 권리를 부당하게 침해하는 것은 헌법상 권력분립 원칙에 위배됩니다.

Unfairly infringing upon citizens' rights through administrative legislation by deviating from the limits of delegated legislation violates the constitutional principle of the separation of powers.

일탈하여: deviating from. 위배됩니다: violates.

6

사회적 합의가 충분히 이루어지지 않은 상태에서 무리하게 강행된 입법은 심각한 사회적 갈등을 유발할 수 있습니다.

Legislation forced through unreasonably without sufficient social consensus can cause severe social conflict.

강행된: forced through. 유발할 수 있습니다: can cause/trigger.

7

국제 조약이 국내법과 동일한 효력을 가지기 위해서는 국회의 비준 동의라는 입법적 절차가 요구됩니다.

In order for an international treaty to have the same effect as domestic law, the legislative procedure of parliamentary ratification and consent is required.

동일한 효력: same effect. 비준 동의: ratification and consent.

8

과잉범죄화 현상은 형벌의 최후수단성을 망각한 무분별한 형사 입법의 남용에서 비롯된 측면이 큽니다.

The phenomenon of overcriminalization largely stems from the abuse of reckless criminal legislation that forgets the principle of punishment as a last resort.

최후수단성: principle of last resort. 남용: abuse.

1

입법부작위로 인한 기본권 침해를 다투는 헌법소원 심판에서는 헌법상 명시적인 입법 의무의 존재 여부가 핵심 쟁점이 됩니다.

In a constitutional complaint adjudicating the infringement of fundamental rights due to legislative omission, the existence of an explicit constitutional duty to legislate becomes the core issue.

입법부작위: legislative omission. 핵심 쟁점: core issue.

2

대의민주주의 체제하에서 의회의 입법 독점주의는 행정국가화 경향에 따라 점차 약화되고 있으며, 행정입법의 비중이 비약적으로 증대되고 있습니다.

Under the system of representative democracy, the parliament's monopoly on legislation is gradually weakening due to the trend toward an administrative state, and the proportion of administrative legislation is increasing exponentially.

입법 독점주의: legislative monopoly. 비약적으로: exponentially/rapidly.

3

법적 안정성과 구체적 타당성의 조화를 도모하기 위해 입법자는 법률 요건을 규정함에 있어 불 확정 개념을 활용하여 사법부의 해석 재량을 인정하기도 합니다.

To promote harmony between legal stability and concrete validity, the legislator sometimes utilizes indeterminate concepts when defining legal requirements, thereby acknowledging the judiciary's discretion in interpretation.

도모하기 위해: to promote/seek. 불 확정 개념: indeterminate concept.

4

소급입법에 의한 재산권 박탈은 원칙적으로 금지되나, 중대한 공익적 필요가 신뢰보호의 이익을 압도하는 예외적인 경우에는 진정소급입법도 허용될 수 있다는 것이 판례의 태도입니다.

Deprivation of property rights by retroactive legislation is prohibited in principle, but the precedent's stance is that true retroactive legislation can be permitted in exceptional cases where a grave public interest overwhelms the interest of protecting reliance.

소급입법: retroactive legislation. 진정소급입법: true retroactive legislation.

5

현대 복지국가에서는 국가의 적극적인 급부 행위를 요구하는 사회적 기본권의 실현을 위해 광범위한 형성적 입법 재량이 국회에 부여되어 있습니다.

In a modern welfare state, broad formative legislative discretion is granted to the National Assembly for the realization of social fundamental rights that require the state's active provision of benefits.

급부 행위: act of provision/benefit. 형성적 입법 재량: formative legislative discretion.

6

입법 평가 제도는 법률의 시행 전후에 걸쳐 그 규범적 효과와 사회경제적 파급력을 체계적으로 분석함으로써 입법의 합리성과 실효성을 제고하는 데 기여합니다.

The legislative evaluation system contributes to enhancing the rationality and effectiveness of legislation by systematically analyzing its normative effects and socio-economic impact before and after the enforcement of the law.

규범적 효과: normative effect. 제고하는 데: in enhancing.

7

조세법률주의의 원칙상 과세 요건과 조세의 부과 및 징수 절차는 반드시 국회가 제정한 법률로써 규정되어야 하며, 하위 법령으로의 포괄적 위임은 엄격히 금지됩니다.

Under the principle of no taxation without representation (tax legalism), the requirements for taxation and the procedures for imposition and collection must be prescribed by laws enacted by the National Assembly, and comprehensive delegation to subordinate statutes is strictly prohibited.

조세법률주의: principle of tax legalism. 포괄적 위임: comprehensive delegation.

8

인공지능 기술의 비약적 발전에 대응하여 기존의 법 체계를 재검토하고, 알고리즘의 투명성과 책임성을 담보할 수 있는 선제적이고 정교한 입법 설계가 시급한 과제로 대두되고 있습니다.

In response to the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technology, re-examining the existing legal system and preemptive, sophisticated legislative design that can ensure the transparency and accountability of algorithms are emerging as urgent tasks.

선제적이고: preemptive and. 대두되고 있습니다: is emerging.

مترادف‌ها

제법 법률 제정 입법권

متضادها

폐법 법률 폐지

ترکیب‌های رایج

입법 기관
입법 과정
입법 예고
입법 취지
입법을 추진하다
입법을 촉구하다
입법권
입법부
입법 활동
입법 절차

عبارات رایج

입법의 공백
조속한 입법
입법을 서두르다
입법에 난항을 겪다
입법을 통과시키다
입법을 발의하다
입법적 조치
입법적 해결
입법의 한계
입법을 요구하다

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

입법 vs 사법 (Judiciary - interpreting the law)

입법 vs 행정 (Executive - enforcing the law)

입법 vs 제정 (Enactment - a sub-part of the legislative process)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"입법 전쟁 (Legislative war - fierce political battle over a bill)"
"졸속 입법 (Hasty/sloppy legislation)"
"과잉 입법 (Over-legislation)"
"청부 입법 (Contract legislation - legislating based on lobbying)"
"입법 로비 (Legislative lobbying)"
"입법 독주 (Unilateral legislative drive)"
"입법 마비 (Legislative paralysis)"
"입법 만능주의 (Belief that legislation can solve everything)"
"입법 포획 (Legislative capture)"
"입법 사각지대 (Legislative blind spot)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

입법 vs

입법 vs

입법 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

nuance

Carries a heavy, official, and authoritative tone.

regional variations

Standard across all regions of South Korea.

colloquial alternatives

법을 만들다 (to make a law - more conversational).

اشتباهات رایج
  • Pronouncing it as [입법] instead of the correct [입뻡].
  • Using '입법' to mean 'enforcing the law' (which is 행정 or 사법).
  • Saying '입법을 만들다' (redundant) instead of '입법하다' or '법을 만들다'.
  • Using it for casual rules (like family rules) instead of state laws.
  • Confusing '입법' (the process) with '법률' (the actual law document).

نکات

Pair with Formal Verbs

Always remember that '입법' is a formal word. Do not use casual verbs with it. Instead of '입법을 하다' (which is okay but basic), try using '입법을 추진하다' (push for legislation) or '입법을 촉구하다' (urge legislation) to sound much more advanced and natural in writing.

Passive Voice Usage

In news reports, the focus is often on the bill itself rather than the politicians. Therefore, the passive form '입법되다' (to be legislated) is very common. Practice sentences like '그 법안은 마침내 입법되었다' (That bill was finally legislated).

Tensification Rule

Don't forget the pronunciation rule! It is written as 입법 but pronounced as [입뻡]. The second syllable must have a hard, tense 'ㅃ' sound. Practicing this will make your spoken Korean sound much more native-like.

Keyword for TOPIK Reading

When you see '입법' in a TOPIK reading passage, immediately know that the topic is about government, rules, or social issues. Look for related words like '국회' (National Assembly) or '법안' (bill) to quickly grasp the context of the paragraph.

Memorize '입법 취지'

The phrase '입법 취지' (legislative intent) is a golden phrase for advanced learners. Use it in your essays when discussing why a rule exists. For example, '이 법의 입법 취지는...' (The legislative intent of this law is...).

입법 vs. 사법 vs. 행정

Never confuse the three branches. Create a mental map: 입법 (Legislative) = Factory making the law. 행정 (Executive) = Police/Government enforcing it. 사법 (Judicial) = Judge interpreting it. Keeping these separate is vital.

Associate with 국회

Whenever you learn the word '입법', automatically link it to '국회' (National Assembly). In Korea, the National Assembly is the sole body with legislative power. They are two sides of the same coin in political vocabulary.

제정 vs. 개정

Remember that '입법' is the umbrella term. Underneath it, you have '제정' (making a brand new law) and '개정' (fixing an old law). Knowing this hierarchy helps you understand specific news headlines better.

Listen to the 9 O'clock News

The best way to get used to this word is to watch the main evening news (like KBS 9 O'clock News). The first few segments are almost always about politics, and you will hear '입법' used in its natural, fast-paced environment.

Use in Social Issue Essays

If a TOPIK writing prompt asks you to solve a social problem (like environmental pollution or cyberbullying), a great conclusion is to suggest that the government needs to '관련 입법을 서둘러야 한다' (hurry up with related legislation).

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'IP' (입) as 'Inputting' and 'BEOP' (법) as 'Law'. You are Inputting a new Law into the system.

ریشه کلمه

بافت فرهنگی

Formal/Academic/Journalistic

Using this word correctly shows a high level of education and civic awareness.

The establishment of an independent legislative branch was a major milestone in Korea's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"최근 논란이 되고 있는 그 법안의 입법 취지에 대해 어떻게 생각하십니까?"

"환경 보호를 위해 어떤 새로운 입법이 필요하다고 보시나요?"

"국회의 입법 과정이 너무 느리다고 생각하지 않으십니까?"

"촉법소년 연령을 낮추는 입법에 찬성하십니까, 반대하십니까?"

"입법부와 행정부의 갈등을 해결할 방법은 무엇일까요?"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about a social issue in your country that requires new legislation (입법).

Explain the difference between the legislative (입법), executive (행정), and judicial (사법) branches.

Discuss the pros and cons of a recently proposed bill (입법 예고) in the news.

Describe the process of how a bill becomes a law (입법 과정) in South Korea.

Reflect on the phrase '과잉 입법' (over-legislation) and whether too many laws restrict freedom.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, '입법' is strictly reserved for formal, governmental lawmaking. It refers to the creation of statutes by a recognized legislative body like the National Assembly. For a school club, you would use words like '규칙을 정하다' (to set rules) or '회칙을 만들다' (to make club bylaws). Using '입법' in this context would sound comically overly formal. Stick to using it for state or national laws.

While closely related, they have slightly different scopes. '입법' (legislation) is the broader term encompassing the entire function and process of lawmaking, including both creating new laws and amending old ones. '제정' (enactment) specifically refers to the very first time a brand new law is created. Therefore, '제정' is a specific action within the broader category of '입법'. You enact (제정) a new law through the legislative (입법) process.

According to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, the legislative power (입법권) is vested solely in the National Assembly (국회). The members of the National Assembly (국회의원) are the ones who draft, debate, and vote on bills. While the executive branch (정부) can propose bills, the actual authority to pass them into law belongs exclusively to the legislature. This is a core principle of the separation of powers.

The correct pronunciation is [입뻡]. Even though it is written as '입법', the second syllable '법' undergoes tensification (된소리되기가) because it follows the consonant 'ㅂ' in '입'. Therefore, the 'ㅂ' in '법' sounds like the double consonant 'ㅃ'. Make sure to pronounce it with a sharp, tense sound on the second syllable to sound natural.

'입법 예고' translates to 'advance notice of legislation.' It is a mandatory democratic process in South Korea. Before a new law or major amendment is finalized, the government must publicly announce the draft to allow citizens to review it and submit their opinions. When you see this in the news, it means a law is currently in the proposal stage and is open for public feedback before it goes to a final vote.

Yes, absolutely. '입법' is a high-frequency vocabulary word in the TOPIK II exam, particularly in levels 4, 5, and 6. It frequently appears in the reading and listening sections that cover politics, society, economy, and law. Understanding this word and its related collocations (like 입법 취지, 입법 과정) is essential for comprehending advanced texts and answering questions correctly.

Yes, '입법' is a noun, but it can easily be turned into a verb by adding '하다' (to do) or '되다' (to become/be done). '입법하다' means 'to legislate' or 'to enact a law' (active voice). '입법되다' means 'to be legislated' or 'to be enacted' (passive voice). For example, '국회가 법을 입법하다' (The National Assembly legislates the law) or '법안이 입법되었다' (The bill was legislated).

'입법 취지' means 'legislative intent' or 'legislative purpose.' It refers to the original reason or goal the lawmakers had in mind when they created a specific law. It is incredibly important in the legal field because when a law is ambiguous or applied to a new situation, judges will look at the '입법 취지' to determine how the law should be interpreted. It helps ensure the law serves its intended purpose.

The three branches of government, representing the separation of powers (삼권분립), are: 1) 입법부 (Legislative branch - makes the laws, i.e., the National Assembly), 2) 행정부 (Executive branch - enforces the laws, i.e., the President and Ministries), and 3) 사법부 (Judicial branch - interprets the laws, i.e., the Courts). Knowing these three terms together is crucial for understanding Korean political discourse.

'과잉 입법' literally translates to 'excessive legislation' or 'over-legislation.' It is a critical term used when politicians create too many laws, or laws that are unnecessarily strict, often in a hasty response to a public outcry. Critics use this term to argue that such laws restrict personal freedoms, harm the economy, or create legal confusion without actually solving the underlying problem.

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محتوای مرتبط

واژه‌های بیشتر politics

공표하다

B2

To officially and publicly announce a law, result, or decision to everyone. It is a very formal term used by government bodies or large organizations.

권위

B1

قدرت یا حق دستور دادن؛ همچنین به تخصص شناخته شده در یک زمینه خاص اشاره دارد.

표방

B2

ادعا یا حمایت علنی از یک اصل، سیاست یا هویت خاص. اعلام آشکار موضع یا هدف.

유착

B2

چسبندگی بافت‌ها پس از جراحی یا تبانی فاسد بین سیاست و تجارت.

절충하다

B2

To reconcile different opinions, interests, or methods by finding a middle ground or combining the best parts of each.

결집

B2

عمل گردآوری یا متمرکز کردن چیزها، افراد یا قدرت‌های پراکنده در یک مکان برای هدفی خاص. اغلب در زمینه‌های سیاسی یا فنی استفاده می‌شود.

합의

B2

عمل دستیابی به یک توافق متقابل یا اجماع پس از بحث و گفتگو.

보수적

B2

متمایل به حفظ شرایط یا نهادهای موجود. محتاط در مورد تغییر یا نوآوری.

보수적이다

B2

محافظه‌کار بودن؛ تمایل به حفظ سنت‌ها، سیستم‌ها یا ارزش‌های موجود. "والدین من بسیار محافظه‌کار هستند." / "او دیدگاه سیاسی محافظه‌کاری دارد."

통제

B1

The act of directing, restricting, or managing something or someone's behavior or a situation.

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