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A2 noun 9 دقیقه مطالعه

세액

se-aek
مثال‌ها 세액 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 세액 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '세액' very often. You will mostly use the word '세금' (tax) or '돈' (money). However, you might see '세액' on a receipt when you buy something in Korea. In Korea, most prices already include tax, but some receipts show the tax amount separately. For example, if you buy a snack for 1,100 won, the receipt might show the price as 1,000 won and the '세액' (tax amount) as 100 won. At this level, just remember that when you see '액' (aek), it usually means 'amount of money.' If you see '세' (se) before it, it means 'tax money.' It is a formal way to say 'tax money.' You might hear a clerk say '세액 포함입니다' which means 'The tax amount is included.' You don't need to worry about calculating it yet, just recognize that it is the part of the price that goes to the government.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to handle more real-life tasks like shopping, eating out, and looking at basic bills. '세액' becomes more important because it appears on every official invoice (세금계산서) and most detailed receipts. You should understand that '세액' is a noun that means 'the specific amount of tax.' When you are at a store and they ask if you need a tax-free refund, they are talking about returning the '세액' to you. You can use simple sentences like '세액이 얼마예요?' (How much is the tax amount?) or '세액이 포함되어 있어요?' (Is the tax amount included?). You should also be able to distinguish between the '물건 가격' (item price) and the '세액' (tax amount). In Korea, the VAT (Value Added Tax) is usually 10%, so if you see a '세액' of 500 won, the item likely cost 5,000 won. This is a good way to practice your numbers in Korean while understanding basic financial documents.
At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex social and work-related situations. This is where '세액' starts appearing in compound words that you must know. If you live and work in Korea, you will hear about '연말정산' (year-end tax settlement). During this time, everyone talks about '세액공제' (tax credit). You need to know that '세액공제' is an amount of money that is taken directly off your '세액' (tax amount). This is different from '소득공제' (income deduction). A B1 learner should be able to explain, 'I got a tax credit because I spent a lot of money on my credit card.' In Korean, you would say, '신용카드 사용액이 많아서 세액공제를 받았어요.' You should also be able to understand basic news reports about taxes. If the news says '세액이 증가했습니다,' you should understand that the government is collecting more money from people. You are moving beyond simple shopping and into the realm of personal finance and basic administration.
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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '세액' in professional and academic contexts. You should understand the difference between '산출세액' (calculated tax amount) and '결정세액' (determined tax amount). '산출세액' is the initial amount calculated based on your income and the tax rate, while '결정세액' is the final amount you actually owe after all credits and deductions are applied. You might need to use these terms if you are running a small business in Korea or working in an office. You should also be familiar with '부가가치세' (VAT) reporting. Business owners must distinguish between '매출세액' (the tax they collected from customers) and '매입세액' (the tax they paid to suppliers). The difference between these two '세액' values is what they pay to the tax office. At this level, you should be able to argue or discuss tax policies using terms like '과도한 세액' (excessive tax amount) or '세액 감면 혜택' (tax reduction benefits).
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At the C1 level, you possess a deep understanding of the nuances of '세액' within the broader context of Korean law and economics. You can participate in complex discussions about fiscal policy and its impact on '세액' for different social classes. You understand that '세액' is not just a number on a bill but a reflection of a country's economic priorities. You might read articles about '세액 포탈' (tax evasion) and understand the legal distinctions between avoiding tax and illegally hiding it. You can use '세액' in sophisticated sentence structures, such as '정부의 새로운 조세 정책은 고소득층의 세액 부담을 가중시키는 결과를 초래했다' (The government's new tax policy resulted in increasing the tax burden on high-income earners). You are also familiar with historical terms or very specific legal terms like '가산세액' (additional tax amount/penalty tax) which is applied when someone fails to file their taxes on time.
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At the C2 level, you have native-like command of '세액' and can use it in highly specialized fields such as tax law, corporate accounting, or economic research. You can analyze the '세액' implications of international treaties or complex corporate mergers. You understand the subtle differences in how '세액' is used across different types of taxes, such as '종합소득세액' (global income tax amount), '법인세액' (corporate tax amount), and '상속세액' (inheritance tax amount). You can draft formal appeals to the tax office (조세심판원) regarding a '세액' that you believe was calculated incorrectly. Your vocabulary includes highly formal synonyms and related concepts like '조세 부담률' (tax burden ratio) and '실효 세율' (effective tax rate), and you can explain how these relate to the final '세액'. You are capable of reading and interpreting the '세법' (Tax Law) itself, where '세액' is defined and regulated with extreme precision.
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مثال‌ها

세액 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 세액 refers to the specific amount of money owed as tax, distinct from the general concept of taxation.
  • It is a formal term used in accounting, banking, and government documents like tax returns.
  • Commonly paired with '공제' (credit) or '납부' (payment) to describe financial obligations.
  • Essential for understanding the Korean Year-End Tax Settlement (연말정산) and reading receipts.

The Korean word 세액 (稅額) is a precise financial and legal term that refers specifically to the calculated amount of tax that an individual or a business entity is required to pay to the government. While many learners are familiar with the more general term 세금 (tax), 세액 is used when discussing the actual numerical figure resulting from a tax calculation. It is composed of two Hanja characters: 세 (稅) meaning tax, and 액 (額) meaning amount or sum. Therefore, it literally translates to 'tax amount.' Understanding this word is crucial for navigating any bureaucratic or financial situation in South Korea, such as receiving a paycheck, filing annual income taxes, or purchasing high-value items like cars or real estate.

Technical Nuance
Unlike 'tax' in a general sense, 'tax amount' is a quantifiable value. You don't just 'pay tax'; you pay a 'determined tax amount' (결정 세액). This distinction is vital in accounting.

In everyday life, you will encounter this word most frequently during the 'Year-End Tax Settlement' (연말정산) period in Korea, which typically occurs in January and February. During this time, employees submit their spending records to adjust their 세액. If the calculated 세액 is lower than what was withheld from their monthly paychecks, they receive a refund. Conversely, if the 세액 is higher, they must pay the difference. This process is often jokingly referred to as the '13th-month salary' or the '13th-month tax bomb,' depending on whether the final 세액 results in a refund or a payment.

이번 달에 납부해야 할 세액이 생각보다 많네요. (The tax amount I have to pay this month is higher than I thought.)

Furthermore, 세액 is frequently paired with other terms to describe specific parts of the tax process. For instance, 세액공제 (tax credit) refers to an amount that is directly subtracted from the total tax you owe, while 세액감면 (tax reduction) refers to a partial exemption or lowering of the tax amount. These terms are ubiquitous in news reports regarding government fiscal policies, where changes in the 세액 for specific income brackets are discussed. For an English speaker, think of 세액 as the 'bottom line' of a tax return—it is the final number that determines your financial obligation to the state.

Contextual Usage
Used in banking apps, tax invoices (세금계산서), and government notifications (고지서).

부가가치세 별도 금액과 세액을 합산하여 총액을 계산하세요. (Calculate the total amount by adding the amount excluding VAT and the tax amount.)

Using 세액 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun that typically functions as either the subject or the object of a sentence. Because it refers to a specific numerical value, it is often used with verbs related to calculation, payment, reduction, or increase. For example, you 'calculate' (산출하다/계산하다), 'pay' (납부하다), or 'reduce' (감면하다/공제하다) the 세액. In formal documents, you will see it paired with honorary or administrative verbs that emphasize the official nature of the transaction.

Common Verb Pairings
세액을 납부하다 (to pay the tax amount), 세액을 산출하다 (to calculate the tax amount), 세액을 환급받다 (to receive a tax refund amount).

When talking about the size of the tax, Koreans use the adjectives 많다 (to be much/large) or 적다 (to be small/little), but in more formal settings, 과다하다 (to be excessive) or 과소하다 (to be insufficient) are used. For instance, if a tax office determines you paid too little, they might issue a notice stating that the '납부 세액이 과소하다' (the paid tax amount is insufficient). Conversely, if you are complaining about high taxes, you might say '세액이 너무 과도합니다' (the tax amount is too excessive).

정확한 세액을 확인하기 위해 세무사와 상담했습니다. (I consulted with a tax accountant to check the exact tax amount.)

Grammatically, 세액 is often part of compound nouns. One of the most common is 세액공제. In a sentence like '자녀가 있는 경우 세액공제 혜택을 받을 수 있습니다' (If you have children, you can receive tax credit benefits), 세액 is the base of the benefit being discussed. Another important compound is 결정세액 (final determined tax amount), which represents the final amount after all deductions and credits have been applied. Mastering these compounds allows you to speak precisely about financial matters without over-explaining.

납부할 세액이 '0'원인 경우에는 신고를 안 해도 되나요? (If the tax amount to be paid is '0' won, do I still need to file?)

Lastly, consider the particle usage. When 세액 is the subject, use '-이' (세액이). When it is the object, use '-을' (세액을). If you are referring to a change in the amount, you might use '세액의' (of the tax amount). For example, '세액의 증감' (the increase or decrease of the tax amount). These small grammatical markers help clarify whether you are talking about the tax amount itself or its relationship to other financial variables.

You will encounter 세액 in several specific environments in Korea. The most common is the National Tax Service (국세청) website, known as Hometax. Every year, millions of Koreans log into Hometax to check their 세액. The term is prominently displayed on the dashboard, showing the 'estimated tax amount' (예상 세액). If you work for a Korean company, your monthly pay stub (급여명세서) will list various 세액 items, such as income tax (소득세) and local income tax (지방소득세).

News & Media
Economic news broadcasts often feature headlines like '정부, 서민층 세액 공제 확대' (Government expands tax credits for the working class). Here, '세액' is used to discuss macro-economic policy.

In the business world, 세액 is a daily term. Accountants and business owners discuss 매입세액 (input tax) and 매출세액 (output tax) when filing for Value Added Tax (VAT/부가가치세). These terms are essential for calculating the final VAT 세액 to be paid. If you are shopping for a car in Korea, the salesperson will likely break down the '취득세액' (acquisition tax amount) as part of the total purchase price. It is rarely just called 'tax'; it is almost always 'tax amount' to emphasize the specific cost added to the transaction.

홈택스에서 올해 환급받을 세액을 미리 계산해 봤어요. (I pre-calculated the tax amount I will be refunded this year on Hometax.)

You might also hear this word in legal dramas or movies involving financial crimes. Phrases like '세액 포탈' (tax evasion/omission of tax amount) are common when characters are accused of hiding income to reduce their 세액. In these contexts, the word carries a weight of legal responsibility and potential criminal liability. Whether in a mundane office setting or a high-stakes legal battle, 세액 is the standard term for the financial dimension of taxation.

이번 분기 매출이 늘어나서 납부할 세액도 함께 증가했습니다. (As sales increased this quarter, the tax amount to be paid also increased.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using 세액 and 세율 (tax rate) interchangeably. While they are related, they are fundamentally different. 세액 is the result (the dollar or won amount), whereas 세율 is the percentage used to calculate that result. For example, if the tax rate (세율) is 10% on a 1,000,000 won income, the tax amount (세액) is 100,000 won. Saying "The tax rate is 100,000 won" using 세액 would be factually incorrect and confusing in a professional context.

Common Confusion
세액 (Tax Amount) vs. 세율 (Tax Rate) vs. 세금 (Tax in general). Always use '세액' when talking about the specific number on the bill.

Another common error is confusing 세액공제 (tax credit) with 소득공제 (income deduction). While both reduce the final amount you pay, they work differently. 소득공제 reduces the amount of income that is subject to tax, while 세액공제 is subtracted directly from the 세액 itself. Using the wrong term during tax season can lead to significant misunderstandings with your accountant or HR department. If you say you want a '세액공제' when you actually mean a '소득공제', you might be looking for the wrong documents.

잘못된 표현: 세율이 5만 원 나왔어요. (X)
올바른 표현: 세액이 5만 원 나왔어요. (O)

Lastly, learners often forget that 세액 is a very formal word. While it is perfectly correct, using it in a casual conversation with friends about a small purchase might sound overly stiff. For example, if you are buying a coffee and talking about the 10% VAT, saying '이 커피의 세액이 얼마인가요?' (What is the tax amount of this coffee?) sounds like you are conducting a government audit. In such cases, simply saying '세금' (tax) or '부가세' (VAT) is much more natural.

To truly master Korean financial vocabulary, you must distinguish 세액 from its synonyms and related terms. The most common alternative is 세금 (稅金). While 세액 refers to the amount, 세금 is the general word for 'tax' as a concept or a category. You pay '세금' (tax), but the '세액' (tax amount) is 50,000 won. In casual speech, 세금 is used 90% of the time, whereas 세액 is reserved for documents and formal reports.

Comparison: 세액 vs. 세금 vs. 조세
  • 세액: The specific numerical sum (e.g., $100).
  • 세금: The general concept of tax (e.g., income tax).
  • 조세: A formal, academic, or legal term for 'taxation' used in government policy.

Another related term is 공과금 (utility bills/public charges). While not a tax amount per se, people often group 세액 with 공과금 when discussing their monthly fixed expenses. If you are looking at a bill that includes both taxes and service fees, you might see '세액 및 기타 비용' (tax amount and other costs). Additionally, 과세표준 (tax base) is the value upon which the 세액 is calculated. Understanding that the 세액 is the end product of the tax base multiplied by the tax rate is key to financial literacy in Korean.

조세 정책의 변화로 인해 개인이 부담해야 할 세액이 줄어들었습니다. (Due to changes in taxation policy, the tax amount individuals have to bear has decreased.)

In specific contexts like international trade, you might encounter 관세액 (customs duty amount). This is simply 세액 specifically applied to imported goods. Similarly, 취득세액 (acquisition tax amount) is used when buying property. By learning the prefix, you can understand exactly what kind of tax amount is being discussed. Whether it is '소득' (income), '법인' (corporate), or '상속' (inheritance), the word 세액 remains the constant indicator that you are talking about the final money owed.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

영수증에 세액이 적혀 있어요.

The tax amount is written on the receipt.

세액 (noun) + 이 (subject particle) + 적혀 있어요 (is written).

2

이 가격에 세액이 포함입니까?

Is the tax amount included in this price?

포함 (inclusion) + 입니까 (formal question ending).

3

세액은 100원입니다.

The tax amount is 100 won.

세액 (noun) + 은 (topic particle) + 입니다 (is).

4

세액을 확인하세요.

Please check the tax amount.

세액 (noun) + 을 (object particle) + 확인하세요 (please check).

5

여기에 세액을 쓰세요.

Write the tax amount here.

여기 (here) + 에 (location particle) + 쓰세요 (please write).

6

세액이 너무 많아요.

The tax amount is too much.

너무 (too) + 많아요 (is many/much).

7

세액이 얼마예요?

How much is the tax amount?

얼마 (how much) + 예요 (is - polite ending).

8

세액이 없어요.

There is no tax amount.

없어요 (there is not/don't have).

1

세액 공제를 받을 수 있나요?

Can I get a tax credit?

세액 공제 (tax credit) + 을 (object particle) + 받을 수 있나요 (can I receive?).

2

올해는 납부할 세액이 줄었어요.

The tax amount to pay decreased this year.

납부할 (to pay - future modifier) + 세액 (tax amount).

3

정확한 세액을 계산해 주세요.

Please calculate the exact tax amount.

정확한 (exact) + 세액 (tax amount) + 계산해 주세요 (please calculate).

4

세액이 포함된 가격입니다.

It is a price that includes the tax amount.

포함된 (included - passive modifier) + 가격 (price).

5

고지서에서 세액을 확인했어요.

I checked the tax amount on the bill.

고지서 (bill/notice) + 에서 (at/from) + 확인했어요 (checked).

6

세액이 작년보다 비싸요.

The tax amount is more expensive (higher) than last year.

작년 (last year) + 보다 (than) + 비싸요 (is expensive - often used for high amounts).

7

세액을 따로 내야 하나요?

Do I have to pay the tax amount separately?

따로 (separately) + 내야 하나요 (do I have to pay?).

8

이 서류에 세액이 나와 있어요.

The tax amount is shown on this document.

나와 있어요 (is out/is shown).

1

연말정산을 통해 세액을 환급받았습니다.

I received a tax refund through the year-end settlement.

연말정산 (year-end settlement) + 을 통해 (through) + 환급받다 (to be refunded).

2

부가가치세 세액을 잘못 입력했어요.

I entered the VAT tax amount incorrectly.

부가가치세 (VAT) + 세액 (tax amount) + 잘못 (incorrectly) + 입력하다 (to input).

3

세액이 산출되는 과정을 설명해 주세요.

Please explain the process by which the tax amount is calculated.

산출되는 (being calculated - passive modifier) + 과정 (process).

4

세액 공제 혜택이 내년부터 확대됩니다.

Tax credit benefits will expand starting next year.

혜택 (benefit) + 이 (subject particle) + 확대되다 (to be expanded).

5

납부 세액이 100만 원을 넘었습니다.

The tax amount to pay exceeded 1 million won.

넘다 (to exceed) + 었습니다 (past tense).

6

세액을 줄이기 위해 영수증을 모으고 있어요.

I am collecting receipts to reduce the tax amount.

줄이기 위해 (in order to reduce) + 모으고 있어요 (am collecting).

7

세액 고지서가 아직 안 왔어요.

The tax amount notice hasn't arrived yet.

아직 (yet) + 안 (not) + 왔어요 (came).

8

결정 세액이 얼마인지 궁금합니다.

I am curious about what the final determined tax amount is.

결정 세액 (determined tax amount) + 인지 (whether/if) + 궁금합니다 (is curious).

1

법인세 세액 산출 방식이 변경되었습니다.

The method for calculating the corporate tax amount has changed.

법인세 (corporate tax) + 산출 방식 (calculation method) + 변경되다 (to be changed).

2

매출 세액에서 매입 세액을 차감해야 합니다.

The input tax amount must be subtracted from the output tax amount.

매출 세액 (output tax) + 에서 (from) + 차감하다 (to subtract/deduct).

3

세액 감면을 받기 위한 조건을 확인하세요.

Check the conditions to receive a tax reduction.

감면 (reduction/exemption) + 을 받기 위한 (in order to receive - modifier).

4

과도한 세액 부과는 기업에 부담이 됩니다.

Imposing excessive tax amounts is a burden on companies.

부과 (imposition) + 는 (topic particle) + 부담 (burden).

5

세액이 누락되지 않도록 주의해 주십시오.

Please be careful so that the tax amount is not omitted.

누락되다 (to be omitted) + 지 않도록 (so that ... not).

6

종합소득세 세액을 신고하는 기간입니다.

It is the period for filing the global income tax amount.

신고하는 (filing - modifier) + 기간 (period).

7

세액 계산 오류로 인해 가산세가 붙었습니다.

A penalty tax was added due to a tax amount calculation error.

오류 (error) + 로 인해 (due to) + 가산세 (penalty tax).

8

세액의 변동 추이를 분석하고 있습니다.

I am analyzing the trend of changes in the tax amount.

변동 추이 (trend of change) + 분석하다 (to analyze).

1

이번 세법 개정안은 실질적인 세액 절감 효과를 목표로 합니다.

This tax law amendment aims for a substantial tax reduction effect.

개정안 (amendment) + 절감 (reduction/saving) + 목표로 하다 (to aim for).

2

거액의 세액을 포탈한 혐의로 조사를 받고 있습니다.

He is under investigation on charges of evading a large tax amount.

거액 (large sum) + 포탈 (evasion) + 혐의 (charge/suspicion).

3

누진세율이 적용됨에 따라 고소득자의 세액이 급증했습니다.

As the progressive tax rate was applied, the tax amount for high earners surged.

누진세율 (progressive tax rate) + 적용됨에 따라 (as it is applied).

4

외국인 투자 유치를 위해 일정 기간 세액을 면제해 줍니다.

To attract foreign investment, tax amounts are exempted for a certain period.

투자 유치 (attracting investment) + 면제하다 (to exempt).

5

해당 기부금은 세액 공제 대상에 포함되지 않습니다.

The donation in question is not included in the tax credit categories.

대상 (target/category) + 에 (in) + 포함되지 않다 (to not be included).

6

납세자가 신고한 세액의 적정성을 검토하고 있습니다.

We are reviewing the appropriateness of the tax amount reported by the taxpayer.

납세자 (taxpayer) + 적정성 (appropriateness) + 검토하다 (to review).

7

세액 환급 신청 절차가 간소화되어 편리해졌습니다.

The tax refund application process has been simplified and become convenient.

간소화되다 (to be simplified) + 편리해지다 (to become convenient).

8

이중 과세를 방지하기 위해 세액 공제 제도를 운영합니다.

A tax credit system is operated to prevent double taxation.

이중 과세 (double taxation) + 방지하기 위해 (in order to prevent).

1

세액 산출의 투명성을 확보하는 것이 조세 행정의 핵심 과제입니다.

Securing the transparency of tax amount calculation is a core task of tax administration.

투명성 (transparency) + 확보하는 것 (securing/ensuring) + 핵심 과제 (core task).

2

최저한세 제도는 기업이 납부해야 할 최소한의 세액을 규정합니다.

The alternative minimum tax system stipulates the minimum tax amount a company must pay.

최저한세 (alternative minimum tax) + 규정하다 (to stipulate/prescribe).

3

조세 조약에 의거하여 해외 소득에 대한 세액을 감면받았습니다.

In accordance with the tax treaty, the tax amount on foreign income was reduced.

조세 조약 (tax treaty) + 에 의거하여 (based on/in accordance with).

4

세액 산정 방식의 복잡성이 납세자의 순응도를 저해할 우려가 있습니다.

There is a concern that the complexity of the tax amount estimation method might hinder taxpayer compliance.

산정 (estimation/calculation) + 순응도 (compliance) + 저해하다 (to hinder).

5

정부는 세액 증대를 통해 복지 예산을 확보하려 하고 있습니다.

The government is trying to secure a welfare budget through an increase in tax amounts.

증대 (increase/augmentation) + 복지 예산 (welfare budget).

6

해당 법안은 특정 산업군에 대한 세액 공제 일몰 기한을 연장했습니다.

The bill extended the sunset deadline for tax credits for specific industry groups.

산업군 (industry group) + 일몰 기한 (sunset deadline) + 연장하다 (to extend).

7

세액의 귀착 문제가 경제학적 논쟁의 중심이 되고 있습니다.

The issue of tax incidence (to whom the tax amount falls) is becoming the center of economic debate.

귀착 (incidence/falling upon) + 논쟁 (debate/dispute).

8

조세 회피 행위는 법망을 피해 세액을 줄이려는 시도로 간주됩니다.

Tax avoidance behavior is considered an attempt to reduce the tax amount by evading the legal net.

조세 회피 (tax avoidance) + 간주되다 (to be considered/regarded).

ترکیب‌های رایج

세액을 공제하다
세액을 납부하다
세액을 산출하다
세액이 발생하다
산출 세액
결정 세액
세액 감면
세액 환급
납부할 세액
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