碳水化合物 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- A formal noun meaning carbohydrate, composed of 'carbon', 'water', and 'compound'. It is the primary energy source for the human body found in grains and sugars.
- Used in scientific, medical, and fitness contexts to describe macronutrients. On nutrition labels, it is a mandatory field indicating the total carb content in grams.
- Commonly abbreviated to '碳水' (tàn shuǐ) in casual speech and fitness communities, while the full term is reserved for formal writing and professional advice.
- Essential for B2 learners to discuss health, diet, and biology. It contrasts with '主食' (staple food), which refers to the actual food items rather than the nutrient.
The term 碳水化合物 (tàn shuǐ huà hé wù) is the formal Chinese scientific term for 'carbohydrate.' In a literal sense, the word is a fascinating example of how modern scientific terminology was adapted into the Chinese language. It is composed of three distinct parts: 碳 (tàn, meaning carbon), 水 (shuǐ, meaning water), and 化合物 (huà hé wù, meaning compound). This nomenclature perfectly mirrors the chemical structure of carbohydrates, which are organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1, just like in water.
- Scientific Context
- In biology and chemistry, this word describes one of the three main macronutrients that the human body requires. It refers to sugars, starches, and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables, and milk products. When you are reading a nutrition label in China, you will always see this full term used to denote the total carb content.
- Fitness and Diet Culture
- Within the modern fitness community in China, much like in the West, there is a significant focus on 'carbs.' While the full term is used in professional advice, people often shorten it to
碳水(tàn shuǐ) in casual conversation. For instance, a 'low-carb diet' is frequently referred to as低碳饮食(dī tàn yǐn shí).
为了保持健康，我们需要摄入适量的碳水化合物以提供能量。
— Translation: To maintain health, we need to consume an appropriate amount of carbohydrates to provide energy.
The usage of this word has spiked in the last two decades due to the rise of the health and wellness industry. It is no longer just a word found in biology textbooks; it is now a household term. Whether you are discussing a ketogenic diet, marathon preparation (carb-loading), or managing diabetes, 碳水化合物 is the essential term for any serious discussion about nutrition. It carries a neutral to slightly formal tone, making it suitable for medical reports, news articles, and health blogs.
运动员在比赛前通常会进行碳水化合物负荷，以增加肌肉中的糖原储备。
— Translation: Athletes usually perform carbohydrate loading before a competition to increase glycogen stores in their muscles.
Using 碳水化合物 correctly requires an understanding of its role as a noun. It functions as a collective noun for a category of nutrients. You cannot count individual 'carbohydrates' as discrete objects (like 'three carbohydrates'); instead, you refer to the 'amount' or 'type' of carbohydrates. Common verbs that precede it include 摄入 (shè rù - to intake/consume), 分解 (fēn jiě - to break down), and 补充 (bǔ chōng - to replenish).
- As a Subject
- When it is the subject of a sentence, it usually describes a function or a property. For example: '碳水化合物是人体最直接的能量来源。' (Carbohydrates are the most direct source of energy for the human body.)
- As an Object
- It often appears after verbs related to eating or digestion. '你应该减少精制碳水化合物的摄入。' (You should reduce your intake of refined carbohydrates.)
- Modified by Adjectives
- It is frequently modified by adjectives like
复杂的(fù zá de - complex),简单的(jiǎn dān de - simple), or优质的(yōu zhì de - high-quality).
全谷物含有丰富的复杂碳水化合物和纤维。
— Translation: Whole grains are rich in complex carbohydrates and fiber.
When constructing sentences, pay attention to the formal register. In a casual setting, you might say, '我不吃碳水' (I don't eat carbs). However, in a professional or educational context, you must use the full form: '该项研究探讨了碳水化合物对血糖水平的影响' (This study explored the impact of carbohydrates on blood sugar levels). The grammatical structure is straightforward, typically following the SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) pattern common in Mandarin.
长期缺乏碳水化合物可能会导致身体疲劳和注意力不集中。
— Translation: Long-term lack of carbohydrates may lead to physical fatigue and poor concentration.
You will encounter 碳水化合物 in several specific domains of modern Chinese life. Understanding these contexts will help you gauge when to use the formal term versus the colloquial shortening. The most common place is in the healthcare and nutritional sector.
- At the Hospital or Clinic
- Doctors and dietitians use this word when discussing metabolic health. If a patient is diagnosed with diabetes, the doctor will provide a list of foods high in 碳水化合物 to monitor. You will hear it in phrases like '控制碳水化合物的摄入量' (control the intake of carbohydrates).
- In the Gym and Fitness Apps
- Apps like Keep or Mintal (popular fitness apps in China) use this term in their calorie tracking and macro breakdown sections. Personal trainers will use it when explaining why a client needs 'good carbs' like sweet potatoes instead of 'bad carbs' like white bread.
- On Food Packaging
- Every pre-packaged food item in China is required by law to have a nutrition label (营养成分表). The third or fourth line is almost always 碳水化合物, listed in grams (克).
购买食品时，你应该仔细阅读包装上的碳水化合物含量。
— Translation: When buying food, you should carefully read the carbohydrate content on the packaging.
Furthermore, in educational settings—from middle school biology classes to university research—this is the standard term. You will never see '碳水' in a textbook. If you are watching a documentary about human evolution or the history of agriculture on CCTV-9, the narrator will use 碳水化合物 to explain how the cultivation of grains allowed human civilizations to grow by providing a stable energy source.
这本营养学书籍详细介绍了碳水化合物在人体代谢中的作用。
— Translation: This nutrition book introduces in detail the role of carbohydrates in human metabolism.
Even for advanced learners, the word 碳水化合物 can be tricky because of its length and the specific nuances of its synonyms. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid when using this term in Mandarin.
- Confusing with 'Sugar' (糖)
- While all sugars are carbohydrates, not all carbohydrates are sugars (like starch or fiber). Learners often use
糖(táng) when they actually mean the broader category of carbohydrates. If you say '我不吃糖,' people think you are avoiding sweets. If you mean you are avoiding bread and rice, you must use 碳水化合物 or 主食. - Overusing the Full Term in Casual Speech
- Using the five-syllable 碳水化合物 while hanging out with friends at a hotpot restaurant can sound overly 'textbook' or robotic. In these settings, simply saying
碳水is much more natural. It's like saying 'I'm watching my carb intake' versus 'I am monitoring my carbohydrate consumption.' - Mispronouncing the Character '化'
- In the sequence
化合物(huà hé wù), some learners struggle with the tones, particularly the transition from the 4th tone (huà) to the 2nd tone (hé). Practice this as a single unit to ensure it flows smoothly.
错误：这种苹果含有大量的糖化合物。
— Explanation: '糖化合物' is not a standard term. Use the correct scientific name.
正确：这种苹果含有大量的碳水化合物。
Another mistake is forgetting that in Chinese, nouns don't change for plural. You don't need to add anything to 碳水化合物 to make it plural. Whether you're talking about one type of sugar or a variety of starches, the word remains the same. Focus on the quantifiers like 各种 (various) or 大量 (large amount) to provide context.
不要把碳水化合物妖魔化，它是大脑运行的必需品。
— Translation: Don't demonize carbohydrates; they are essential for brain function.
Mandarin has several words that overlap with 碳水化合物. Choosing the right one depends entirely on whether you are in a lab, a kitchen, or a gym. Let's compare them to see the subtle differences in meaning and register.
- 糖类 (táng lèi)
- Usage: Scientific/Biochemical.
Comparison: This is often used interchangeably with 碳水化合物 in biochemistry. '糖类' literally means 'saccharides.' While 碳水化合物 is the more common term on food labels, 糖类 is more common in technical biological descriptions of molecular structures. - 主食 (zhǔ shí)
- Usage: Daily Life/Culinary.
Comparison: Literally 'staple food.' This refers to the main part of a meal that provides energy, usually rice, noodles, bread, or potatoes. It is a functional term rather than a chemical one. You eat your '主食' to get your '碳水化合物.' - 淀粉 (diàn fěn)
- Usage: Cooking/Nutrition.
Comparison: This means 'starch.' Starch is a type of complex carbohydrate. If you are talking specifically about the powdery substance used in cooking or the heavy carbs in potatoes and corn, use 淀粉. 碳水化合物 is the umbrella term that includes both starch and sugar.
虽然米饭和土豆都含有淀粉，但它们的碳水化合物结构略有不同。
— Translation: Although rice and potatoes both contain starch, their carbohydrate structures are slightly different.
When you are trying to be concise in a health-related social media post, you might use 碳水 (tàn shuǐ). This is the standard abbreviation. However, in a formal essay or a medical consultation, always stick to the full five characters. Another related term is 糖原 (táng yuán - glycogen), which is how the body stores carbohydrates in the liver and muscles. Knowing these distinctions will make your Chinese sound much more sophisticated.
很多现代饮食法建议减少糖类和精制碳水化合物的摄入。
— Translation: Many modern diets suggest reducing the intake of sugars and refined carbohydrates.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The character '碳' (Carbon) was specifically created for the periodic table in Chinese by adding the 'stone' (石) radical to the phonetic 'tàn' (炭 - charcoal).
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'huà' as 2nd tone instead of 4th.
- Mumbling the 'hé' (2nd tone) so it sounds like a neutral tone.
- Confusing the 3rd tone in 'shuǐ' with a 2nd tone.
- Speaking the five syllables too slowly, making it sound unnatural.
- Forgetting the 'wù' at the end.
سطح دشواری
The characters are complex but logical if you know 'carbon' and 'water'.
Writing five characters in a row correctly requires practice, especially '化合物'.
Five syllables are a mouthful but the tones are distinct.
Easy to recognize because of its length and the 'tàn shuǐ' start.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Scientific Naming (化合物)
二氧化碳 (Carbon dioxide), 氯化钠 (Sodium chloride).
Measure words for nutrients
克 (Gram), 毫克 (Milligram).
The '的' particle in long noun phrases
复杂的碳水化合物 (Complex carbohydrates).
Verb-Object constructions with '摄入'
摄入热量 (Intake calories), 摄入营养 (Intake nutrition).
Comparing amounts with '多' and '少'
多吃蔬菜，少吃碳水 (Eat more veg, eat less carb).
مثالها بر اساس سطح
米饭有很多碳水化合物。
Rice has a lot of carbohydrates.
Simple SVO structure with '很多' (a lot of).
面包是碳水化合物吗？
Is bread a carbohydrate?
Basic question using '吗'.
我不喜欢吃太多碳水化合物。
I don't like to eat too many carbohydrates.
Negative preference with '太多' (too much).
这是碳水化合物。
This is a carbohydrate.
Basic identification sentence.
水果也有碳水化合物。
Fruit also has carbohydrates.
Use of '也' (also).
碳水化合物给你能量。
Carbohydrates give you energy.
Simple verb '给' (give).
我们要吃碳水化合物。
We need to eat carbohydrates.
Use of '要' (need/must).
面条含有碳水化合物。
Noodles contain carbohydrates.
Formal verb '含有' (contain) introduced early.
这种食物含有很高的碳水化合物。
This food contains a high amount of carbohydrates.
Using '很高的' as an adjective for the noun.
医生说我要少吃碳水化合物。
The doctor said I should eat fewer carbohydrates.
Reported speech with '说'.
运动后需要补充碳水化合物。
You need to replenish carbohydrates after exercise.
Use of '需要' (need) and '补充' (replenish).
碳水化合物是能量的主要来源。
Carbohydrates are the main source of energy.
Using '...是...的来源' structure.
土豆里有很多碳水化合物。
There are many carbohydrates in potatoes.
Location '...里' (inside) used as a subject.
我不吃米饭，因为我想减少碳水化合物。
I don't eat rice because I want to reduce carbohydrates.
Compound sentence with '因为' (because).
这种饮料没有碳水化合物。
This drink has no carbohydrates.
Negative possession '没有'.
所有的谷物都含有碳水化合物。
All grains contain carbohydrates.
Use of '所有的...都' (all...).
复杂的碳水化合物对身体更好。
Complex carbohydrates are better for the body.
Adjective '复杂的' modifying the noun.
如果你想增肌，就必须摄入足够的碳水化合物。
If you want to build muscle, you must consume enough carbohydrates.
Conditional '如果...就...' (if... then...).
我们需要平衡蛋白质和碳水化合物的摄入。
We need to balance the intake of protein and carbohydrates.
Verb '平衡' (balance) used with two objects.
碳水化合物在消化过程中会转化为糖。
Carbohydrates turn into sugar during the digestion process.
Prepositional phrase '在...过程中' (during the process).
为了马拉松比赛，他正在进行碳水化合物负荷。
For the marathon, he is doing carbohydrate loading.
Present continuous '正在进行' (is carrying out).
有些蔬菜的碳水化合物含量非常低。
Some vegetables have a very low carbohydrate content.
Noun phrase '碳水化合物含量' (carb content).
过度摄入碳水化合物可能导致肥胖。
Excessive intake of carbohydrates may lead to obesity.
Formal verb '导致' (lead to/cause).
碳水化合物是维持大脑运作的关键。
Carbohydrates are key to maintaining brain function.
Using '...是...的关键' (is the key to...).
低碳水化合物饮食在年轻人中非常流行。
Low-carbohydrate diets are very popular among young people.
Compound modifier '低碳水化合物' (low-carb).
精制碳水化合物会导致血糖水平迅速上升。
Refined carbohydrates cause blood sugar levels to rise rapidly.
Technical term '精制' (refined) and '迅速' (rapidly).
膳食纤维也是一种特殊的碳水化合物。
Dietary fiber is also a special type of carbohydrate.
Classification '也是一种...' (is also a type of...).
我们需要根据运动强度来调整碳水化合物的摄入量。
We need to adjust carbohydrate intake according to exercise intensity.
Structure '根据...来调整' (adjust according to...).
碳水化合物的分类包括单糖、双糖和多糖。
The classification of carbohydrates includes monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
Formal list using '包括' (includes).
尽管他在减肥，他仍然摄入适量的碳水化合物。
Even though he is losing weight, he still consumes a moderate amount of carbohydrates.
Concession '尽管...仍然...' (even though... still...).
该研究探讨了碳水化合物对睡眠质量的影响。
The study explored the impact of carbohydrates on sleep quality.
Formal research verb '探讨' (explore/investigate).
长期摄入不足的碳水化合物会影响新陈代谢。
Long-term insufficient intake of carbohydrates will affect metabolism.
Complex subject with '长期摄入不足的'.
碳水化合物在体内的代谢过程非常复杂，涉及多种酶的参与。
The metabolic process of carbohydrates in the body is very complex, involving the participation of various enzymes.
Advanced verb '涉及' (involve) and '参与' (participation).
我们需要辩证地看待碳水化合物在健康饮食中的作用。
We need to look at the role of carbohydrates in a healthy diet dialectically.
Advanced adverb '辩证地' (dialectically/analytically).
现代加工食品往往含有大量的隐形碳水化合物。
Modern processed foods often contain large amounts of hidden carbohydrates.
Descriptive term '隐形' (hidden/invisible).
碳水化合物的摄入时机对于运动员的恢复至关重要。
The timing of carbohydrate intake is crucial for an athlete's recovery.
Formal expression '至关重要' (crucial/of vital importance).
该报告分析了全球碳水化合物消耗量的变化趋势。
The report analyzed the changing trends of global carbohydrate consumption.
Academic structure '分析了...的变化趋势'.
某些慢性疾病可能源于长期对碳水化合物的代谢紊乱。
Some chronic diseases may stem from long-term metabolic disorders of carbohydrates.
Formal verb '源于' (originate from/stem from).
为了优化表现，他严格遵循碳水化合物循环饮食法。
To optimize performance, he strictly follows a carbohydrate cycling diet.
Advanced verb '遵循' (follow/adhere to).
碳水化合物的性质决定了它在食品工业中的广泛应用。
The properties of carbohydrates determine their widespread application in the food industry.
Causality structure '...决定了...' (determines).
碳水化合物不仅是生物能的主要载体，也是细胞识别的重要分子。
Carbohydrates are not only the main carriers of bioenergy but also important molecules for cell recognition.
Correlative conjunction '不仅是...也是...' (not only... but also...).
在饥荒时期，碳水化合物的获取直接关系到人口的存续。
During periods of famine, the acquisition of carbohydrates was directly related to the survival of the population.
Formal structure '关系到...的存续' (related to the survival of...).
糖组学是一门专门研究碳水化合物及其在生命系统中功能的学科。
Glycomics is a discipline specifically studying carbohydrates and their functions in living systems.
Definitional sentence structure '...是一门...的学科'.
碳水化合物的过度工业化生产引发了公共卫生领域的广泛辩论。
The over-industrialized production of carbohydrates has sparked widespread debate in the field of public health.
Complex subject and formal verb '引发' (spark/trigger).
这种新型催化剂能有效提高碳水化合物转化为生物燃料的效率。
This new catalyst can effectively improve the efficiency of converting carbohydrates into biofuels.
Technical sentence with '有效提高...的效率'.
碳水化合物在植物光合作用中起着核心的固碳作用。
Carbohydrates play a central role in carbon fixation during plant photosynthesis.
Scientific phrase '起着...的作用' (plays a role of...).
该论著深入剖析了碳水化合物与人类文明演进的内在联系。
This treatise provides an in-depth analysis of the internal connection between carbohydrates and the evolution of human civilization.
Sophisticated verb '剖析' (dissect/analyze in depth).
面对全球肥胖危机，重新审视碳水化合物的摄入标准显得尤为迫切。
In the face of the global obesity crisis, it is particularly urgent to re-examine carbohydrate intake standards.
Structure '显得尤为迫切' (appears particularly urgent).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— Low-carb diet. A popular weight loss method.
很多人通过低碳饮食来保持身材。
— A meal very high in carbohydrates. Often used for 'cheat meals'.
周末我想吃顿碳水大餐，比如披萨。
— Quitting or cutting out carbs entirely. Usually for a short period.
戒断碳水的前几天可能会感到没精神。
— Carb cycling. Alternating high and low carb days.
运动员经常使用碳水循环来减脂。
— A food item extremely high in calories and carbs. A 'carb bomb'.
这种甜甜圈简直是碳水炸弹。
— Hidden carbohydrates. Carbs in sauces or processed foods.
小心酱汁里的隐形碳水。
— Slow carbs. Carbs that digest slowly (low GI).
豆类是典型的慢速碳水。
— Carb loading. Eating lots of carbs before an endurance event.
马拉松选手在赛前会进行碳水负荷。
— High-quality carbs. Unprocessed, nutrient-dense carbs.
红薯是健身餐中常见的优质碳水。
— Empty calorie carbs. High sugar, low nutrient carbs.
汽水里全是空热量碳水。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Sugar. While all sugar is a carb, not all carbs (like starch) are sugar.
Staple food. This refers to the food item itself, while 碳水化合物 is the nutrient inside it.
Starch. Starch is a specific type of complex carbohydrate.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Food is the first necessity of the people. While not about carbs specifically, it underscores the cultural importance of 'staple foods'.
民以食为天，所以我们要关注碳水化合物的质量。
Common Idiom— A bumper harvest of the five grains. Grains are the primary source of carbs.
五谷丰登意味着我们有充足的碳水化合物储备。
Literary— Simple food and drink. Often refers to a diet high in complex carbs and low in meat.
他过着粗茶淡饭的生活，身体依然很健康。
Humble— Careful calculation and strict budgeting. Used nowadays for counting macros/carbs.
为了减肥，她对碳水化合物的摄入精打细算。
General— Varies from person to person. Often used to say how much carb one needs.
碳水化合物的需求量是因人而异的。
Formal— Step by step. Used when advising someone to slowly reduce carbs.
减少碳水化合物应该循序渐进，不能操之过急。
Advice— Stop before going too far. Used for moderation in eating sweets/carbs.
甜食虽然好吃，但摄入碳水化合物也要适可而止。
Proverb— Indispensable. Describing the role of carbs for the brain.
碳水化合物是人体不可或缺的营养素。
Formal— Deep-rooted. Used for the habit of eating rice/noodles in China.
中国人吃主食的习惯根深蒂固。
Formal— Adding flowers to brocade (making something good even better). Used for adding good carbs to a meal.
在沙拉里加点藜麦，简直是锦上添花。
Complimentaryبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both refer to carbohydrates.
糖类 is more common in pure biology and chemistry, whereas 碳水化合物 is the standard term in nutrition and daily life.
生物课上我们学习了糖类的分类。
Carbs provide energy, so they are often linked.
能量 is the abstract concept of energy (calories), while 碳水化合物 is the physical nutrient.
碳水化合物能提供很高的能量。
Both are counted in diets.
卡路里 (Calories) is a unit of energy measurement, not a substance. Carbs have 4 calories per gram.
这碗面条有很多碳水化合物，卡路里也很高。
Fiber is a type of carb.
In nutrition, 碳水化合物 often refers to 'net carbs' or starches, while 纤维 is listed separately because it isn't digested.
蔬菜里的碳水化合物大部分是纤维。
Wheat-based foods are high in carbs.
面食 refers specifically to flour-based foods (bread, noodles), while carbs are in everything from fruit to beans.
北方人喜欢吃面食，所以摄入的碳水化合物很多。
الگوهای جملهسازی
A 有 碳水化合物。
面包有碳水化合物。
A 含有 很多 碳水化合物。
土豆含有很多碳水化合物。
为了...，我减少了碳水化合物的摄入。
为了健康，我减少了碳水化合物的摄入。
碳水化合物是...的主要来源。
碳水化合物是人体能量的主要来源。
过度摄入...碳水化合物可能导致...。
过度摄入精制碳水化合物可能导致肥胖。
碳水化合物不仅是...，也是...。
碳水化合物不仅是能量载体，也是结构成分。
把碳水化合物转化为...
身体把碳水化合物转化为葡萄糖。
控制碳水化合物的...
控制碳水化合物的摄入量。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Very high in health, fitness, and medical domains.
-
Using '糖' for all carbs.
→
Use '碳水化合物' for the category.
Saying '我不吃糖' means you avoid sweets. Saying '我不吃碳水' means you avoid bread/rice.
-
Pronouncing '化' as 1st tone.
→
It is 4th tone (huà).
Tone errors in long scientific words can make them unrecognizable to native speakers.
-
Forgetting '物' in formal writing.
→
Write the full five characters.
Ending with '化合物' is grammatically complete for the term 'compound'.
-
Confusing 主食 with 碳水化合物.
→
Use 碳水化合物 for the nutrient, 主食 for the food.
You can't say '苹果是主食', but you can say '苹果含有碳水化合物'.
-
Adding 's' or plural markers.
→
Leave it as 碳水化合物.
Chinese nouns do not change for plural. Use '各种' (various) if you need to show variety.
نکات
Using '的' properly
When 碳水化合物 modifies another noun, always use '的'. For example, '碳水化合物的比例' (the proportion of carbohydrates). This makes the long phrase easier to parse.
Remember the characters
Break it down: 碳 (Carbon) is 'stone' + 'charcoal'. 水 is 'water'. 化合物 is 'chemical compound'. This logic helps you write it correctly.
Staple Foods
In China, if you want to talk about carbs at a dinner table, use '主食' (zhǔ shí). It sounds much more natural and less like a science experiment.
Carb Abbreviation
If you follow Chinese fitness bloggers on Bilibili, you'll see '控碳' (kòng tàn) which means 'controlling carbs'. '碳' is the shortcut for this entire long word.
Diabetes Context
When discussing diabetes, the focus is often on '糖' (sugar), but medical advice will always use '碳水化合物' to cover starches as well.
Stroke Order
The character '物' (wù) has the 'ox' radical on the left. Make sure to write the vertical stroke of the ox radical last in that component.
Recognizing the Rhythm
The rhythm is DA-DA-DA-DA-DA (tàn-shuǐ-huà-hé-wù). It has a very specific 5-beat cadence that is rare in Chinese, making it stand out.
Nutrition Labels
On a label, 碳水化合物 is usually the third item after 能量 (Energy) and 蛋白质 (Protein). Look for those characters to find it quickly.
Science Roots
Learning '化合物' (compound) will help you with other chemistry words like '有机化合物' (organic compound) or '氧化合物' (oxide).
Hidden Carbs
The term '隐形碳水' (yǐn xíng tàn shuǐ) is great to know for modern diet discussions. It refers to sugars hidden in savory sauces.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a piece of coal (Carbon/碳) getting soaked in a glass of Water (水) to create a Chemical (化) Combined (合) Thing (物).
تداعی تصویری
Visualize a molecule where a black carbon atom is holding hands with two water molecules.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to read five different nutrition labels in a Chinese supermarket and find the word '碳水化合物' on each one.
ریشه کلمه
The term is a calque (loan translation) from the German 'Kohlenhydrate' or English 'Carbohydrate'. It was introduced into Chinese during the late 19th or early 20th century as Western chemistry was translated.
معنای اصلی: Hydrate of carbon, reflecting the chemical formula Cn(H2O)n.
Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese) using scientific nomenclature roots.بافت فرهنگی
Be careful when discussing weight with others in China; while 'low-carb' is a common topic, it can be a sensitive subject for those with different body images.
In the West, 'carbs' often have a negative connotation in diet culture. In China, while health-conscious youths follow this, the elderly still view rice and flour as symbols of prosperity and health.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Nutrition Label Reading
- 碳水化合物含量
- 每100克含有
- 其中糖含量
- 参考摄入量
At the Gym
- 补充碳水
- 碳水循环
- 练后餐
- 增肌期
Doctor's Consultation
- 控制血糖
- 减少精制碳水
- 增加纤维摄入
- 饮食平衡
Cooking/Recipes
- 高淀粉食物
- 替代主食
- 全谷物
- 慢速吸收
Academic Biology
- 光合作用产物
- 能量代谢
- 分子结构
- 有机化合物
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你觉得低碳水化合物饮食真的有效吗？ (Do you think low-carb diets are actually effective?)"
"你最喜欢的碳水化合物来源是什么？ (What is your favorite source of carbohydrates?)"
"在你的国家，人们通常摄入很多碳水化合物吗？ (In your country, do people usually consume many carbohydrates?)"
"如果你不吃碳水化合物，你会觉得没精神吗？ (If you don't eat carbs, do you feel like you have no energy?)"
"你认为精制碳水化合物是现代健康问题的根源吗？ (Do you think refined carbohydrates are the root of modern health problems?)"
موضوعات نگارش
记录你今天摄入的所有碳水化合物，并分析它们的质量。 (Record all the carbohydrates you consumed today and analyze their quality.)
讨论碳水化合物在你的文化饮食中的地位。 (Discuss the status of carbohydrates in your cultural diet.)
如果你必须放弃一种碳水化合物（如米饭或面包），你会选哪种？为什么？ (If you had to give up one type of carbohydrate, which would you choose and why?)
写一段话解释碳水化合物是如何为身体提供能量的。 (Write a paragraph explaining how carbohydrates provide energy to the body.)
描述一次你吃完“碳水大餐”后的感受。 (Describe how you felt after eating a 'carb-heavy meal'.)
سوالات متداول
10 سوال碳水化合物是人体所需的三大营养素之一，主要存在于米、面、水果和糖中。它为我们的身体和大脑提供能量。科学上，它是由碳、氢、氧组成的化合物。
‘碳水’是‘碳水化合物’的缩写，通常在口语、健身房或社交媒体上使用。‘碳水化合物’是正式的科学名称，用于书籍、标签和医疗建议中。
高碳水化合物的食物包括大米、小麦（面条、面包）、土豆、玉米、豆类以及各种甜食和含糖饮料。水果也含有天然碳水化合物。
不一定。虽然减少精制碳水化合物（如白糖、白面）有助于减肥，但身体仍需要复杂的碳水化合物（如全谷物）来维持正常功能。适量摄入是关键。
复杂碳水化合物（如燕麦、糙米、蔬菜）含有长链糖分子，消化速度较慢，能提供持久的能量，且含有更多纤维。它们比简单碳水化合物更健康。
大脑主要依靠葡萄糖运作，而葡萄糖正是碳水化合物分解后的产物。如果摄入不足，可能会感到头晕、注意力不集中或情绪波动。
总碳水化合物通常包括淀粉、糖和膳食纤维。在一些国家的标签上，纤维会被单独列出，但它在化学上仍属于碳水化合物。
非常好。运动前摄入碳水化合物可以增加肌肉糖原储备，提高运动表现。尤其是耐力运动（如跑步），碳水化合物是必不可少的。
糖尿病患者需要监测碳水化合物的摄入量，以控制血糖水平。通常建议选择低升糖指数（Low GI）的碳水化合物，并均匀分配到全天的饮食中。
是的。如果摄入的碳水化合物超过了身体能量消耗和糖原储存的能力，多余的部分会被肝脏转化为脂肪储存起来。
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Explain why athletes need 碳水化合物 in one sentence.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
List three foods that are high in 碳水化合物.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '减少' and '碳水化合物'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Carbohydrates are the main source of energy.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a short dialogue between a doctor and a patient about carbs.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe 'complex carbohydrates' in Chinese.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'I am on a low-carb diet.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain the difference between 碳水 and 主食.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about reading nutrition labels.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Refined carbs cause blood sugar spikes.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
How do you say 'Carb loading' in Chinese?
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about fiber being a carb.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain what 碳水炸弹 means.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '优质碳水'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Carbs are broken down into glucose.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe your favorite carb-heavy meal.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about glycogen storage.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Hidden carbs are in the sauce.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '平衡' and '碳水化合物'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Brain function requires carbs.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Pronounce: 碳水化合物
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Low-carb diet' in Chinese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Complex carbohydrates' in Chinese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I want to reduce my carb intake.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Rice is a staple food.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'This food is a carb bomb.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say ' replenishment of carbohydrates.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Carbs provide energy for the brain.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Refined carbohydrates.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Hidden carbohydrates.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Carbohydrate content.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I am carb cycling.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'High-quality carbs.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Glycogen stores.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Blood sugar level.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Whole grains.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Starch.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Saccharides.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Metabolism.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Balance your diet.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen and write the word: tàn shuǐ huà hé wù
Listen and write the short form: tàn shuǐ
Identify the tone of '碳' in the recording.
Listen to the sentence: '我不吃碳水。' What is the speaker avoiding?
Listen: '碳水化合物含量' - What does it mean?
Listen: '精制碳水' - Is this healthy?
Listen: '补充能量' - What are they doing?
Listen: '血糖升高' - What happened to the blood sugar?
Listen: '主食' - What food category is this?
Listen: '低碳饮食' - What diet is this?
Listen: '碳水循环' - What cycling is this?
Listen: '隐形碳水' - Are these visible?
Listen: '糖原储备' - Where is it stored?
Listen: '复合碳水' - Is it fast or slow?
Listen: '碳水炸弹' - Is it low calorie?
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The word 碳水化合物 (tàn shuǐ huà hé wù) is the standard scientific term for 'carbohydrate.' While long, its literal breakdown (Carbon + Water + Compound) makes it easy to remember. Example: '我们要控制碳水化合物的摄入' (We need to control our carbohydrate intake).
- A formal noun meaning carbohydrate, composed of 'carbon', 'water', and 'compound'. It is the primary energy source for the human body found in grains and sugars.
- Used in scientific, medical, and fitness contexts to describe macronutrients. On nutrition labels, it is a mandatory field indicating the total carb content in grams.
- Commonly abbreviated to '碳水' (tàn shuǐ) in casual speech and fitness communities, while the full term is reserved for formal writing and professional advice.
- Essential for B2 learners to discuss health, diet, and biology. It contrasts with '主食' (staple food), which refers to the actual food items rather than the nutrient.
Using '的' properly
When 碳水化合物 modifies another noun, always use '的'. For example, '碳水化合物的比例' (the proportion of carbohydrates). This makes the long phrase easier to parse.
Remember the characters
Break it down: 碳 (Carbon) is 'stone' + 'charcoal'. 水 is 'water'. 化合物 is 'chemical compound'. This logic helps you write it correctly.
Staple Foods
In China, if you want to talk about carbs at a dinner table, use '主食' (zhǔ shí). It sounds much more natural and less like a science experiment.
Carb Abbreviation
If you follow Chinese fitness bloggers on Bilibili, you'll see '控碳' (kòng tàn) which means 'controlling carbs'. '碳' is the shortcut for this entire long word.
مثال
米饭是主要的碳水化合物来源。
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر health
一粒
A2یک دانه یا یک قرص. برای اشیاء کوچک و گرد مانند برنج یا بذر استفاده میشود. 'یک قرص' میشود '一粒药'.
一片
A2One tablet; a slice (for flat objects like pills).
不正常
A2غیرطبیعی، ناهنجار؛ چیزی که مطابق روال معمول نیست.
以上
A2بالاتر از، بیشتر از (یک عدد). به مقدار یا سطحی اشاره دارد که برابر یا بیشتر از یک نقطه مرجع مشخص است.
酸痛
A2بعد از ورزش تمام بدنم درد میکند.
倒是
A2در عوض؛ در واقع. برای نشان دادن یک تضاد غیرمنتظره استفاده میشود.
针灸
A2Acupuncture; traditional Chinese therapy.
扎针
A2آمپول زدن یا طب سوزنی انجام دادن.
急性
B1حاد (بیماری): به وضعیتی اطلاق میشود که ناگهان شروع شده و معمولاً شدید اما کوتاهمدت است. حاد (بیماری): هنگام صحبت در مورد بیماریها، «حاد» چیزی را توصیف میکند که به سرعت شروع میشود و شدید است، اما مدت زیادی طول نمیکشد.
急性病
B1یک بیماری حاد که ناگهان ظاهر می شود و دوره کوتاهی دارد.
