汗水 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 汗水 (hànshuǐ) is the Chinese noun for 'sweat,' combining the characters for 'sweat' (汗) and 'water' (水). It's used literally and metaphorically.
- In everyday use, it describes perspiration from heat or exercise, commonly paired with verbs like '流' (flow) or '擦' (wipe).
- Metaphorically, it is a very positive term representing 'hard work,' 'dedication,' and 'sacrifice' in achieveing goals or building a nation.
- It is a key cultural concept in China, often linked to the value of manual labor and the rewards of persistent effort.
The Chinese word 汗水 (hànshuǐ) is a noun that literally translates to 'sweat water' or simply 'sweat.' At its most basic level, it refers to the salty liquid that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals, particularly humans, in response to heat, physical exertion, or stress. However, in the Chinese language and culture, the word carries a weight far beyond its biological definition. It is frequently used as a powerful metaphor for hard work, diligence, sacrifice, and the physical effort required to achieve a goal. When you see this word, you should think not just of the moisture on someone's brow after a run, but of the hours of toil a farmer puts into the field or the years of practice an athlete dedicates to their sport.
- Literal Usage
- Used in medical, sports, or daily contexts to describe physical perspiration. For example, 'His clothes were soaked with sweat' (他的衣服被汗水浸透了).
运动员的额头上布满了汗水。(The athlete's forehead was covered with sweat.)
In social contexts, mentioning someone's 汗水 is often a way to show respect for their labor. Unlike the English word 'sweat,' which can sometimes have a slightly negative or unhygienic connotation depending on the context, 汗水 in Chinese is almost always viewed positively when used metaphorically. It represents the 'honest labor' of the working class. You will hear it in political speeches, motivational posters, and educational settings to encourage students and workers to persevere through difficulties. It is the 'fuel' of success.
- Metaphorical Usage
- Used to describe the 'sweat equity' or effort put into a project. For example, 'This book is the crystallization of his sweat' (这本书是他汗水的结晶).
没有汗水，就没有收获。(Without sweat, there is no harvest/gain.)
Historically, China being an agrarian society has deeply influenced the usage of this word. The classic poem 'Mǐn Nóng' (Sympathy for the Farmers) describes sweat dripping into the soil, emphasizing that every grain of rice comes from hard work. This cultural background makes 汗水 a term of high moral value. In modern times, it is used in the workplace to describe the '996' culture or the intense effort of entrepreneurs building startups. It is a word that bridges the gap between the physical body and the spirit of perseverance.
他用汗水换来了今天的成功。(He exchanged sweat for today's success.)
Using 汗水 (hànshuǐ) correctly involves understanding its common collocations with verbs and adjectives. Since it is a noun, it often acts as the object of verbs like 'wipe,' 'shed,' or 'soak,' or as the subject of verbs like 'flow' or 'drip.' Because it represents effort, it is frequently paired with possessive pronouns to indicate whose effort is being discussed.
- Common Verbs with 汗水
- 流 (liú - to flow), 擦 (cā - to wipe), 挥洒 (huīsǎ - to shed/sprinkle), 浸透 (jìntòu - to soak through).
他的衬衫被汗水浸透了。(His shirt was soaked through with sweat.)
When describing the physical act of sweating, you might say 'sweat is flowing down' (汗水流了下来). If you are describing a scene of intense labor, you might use 'dripping with sweat' (大汗淋漓), though 汗水 itself is the noun. In more poetic or formal settings, the verb 挥洒 (huīsǎ) is used to describe 'pouring out' one's sweat for a cause, such as building a city or training for the Olympics. This elevates the act of sweating to something noble and intentional.
一滴滴汗水从他的脸上滑落。(Drops of sweat slid down from his face.)
In the metaphorical sense, 汗水 often appears in the structure '[Person] 的汗水' to mean '[Person]'s hard work.' It is also common in the phrase '汗水和泪水' (sweat and tears) or '汗水和血水' (sweat and blood), emphasizing the comprehensive nature of the struggle. For instance, 'The victory was won with sweat and blood' (胜利是用汗水和鲜血换来的). This structure is very common in historical and military narratives.
- Adjectives for 汗水
- 辛勤的 (xīnqín de - industrious), 咸咸的 (xiánxián de - salty), 冰冷的 (bīnglěng de - cold/nervous sweat).
这些成果凝聚着劳动者的辛勤汗水。(These achievements embody the industrious sweat of the workers.)
他擦了擦脸上的汗水，继续工作。(He wiped the sweat off his face and continued working.)
The word 汗水 (hànshuǐ) is ubiquitous in Chinese society, appearing in diverse environments from the most mundane to the highly formal. Understanding where you will encounter it helps in grasping its cultural nuances. In a modern urban setting, you are most likely to hear it in a gym or fitness center. Personal trainers will often encourage clients by saying, 'Let your sweat witness your transformation' (让汗水见证你的蜕变). In this context, it is associated with health, vitality, and self-improvement.
- Sports and Fitness
- Heard in gyms, sports broadcasts, and during physical education classes. It signifies intensity and dedication.
他在球场上挥洒着汗水。(He is shedding sweat on the ball court.)
Another major arena for this word is the education system. Teachers and parents frequently use 汗水 to remind students that academic success is not just about intelligence, but about 'diligent sweat' (辛勤的汗水). During the 'Gaokao' (National College Entrance Exam) season, motivational banners often feature the word, linking the physical toll of late-night studying to the eventual reward of a good university placement.
In the workplace, particularly in industries involving manual labor like construction, agriculture, or manufacturing, 汗水 is a term of solidarity. It describes the shared reality of the workers. On news broadcasts, reporters might describe the 'sweat of the construction workers' who are building the nation's infrastructure. In these stories, 汗水 is a symbol of the 'Chinese Dream' and national progress. It is also used in corporate culture to describe the 'struggle' (奋斗) of employees.
- News and Media
- Used in documentaries and news reports to humanize workers and emphasize the cost of progress.
劳动者的汗水换来了城市的繁荣。(The workers' sweat exchanged for the city's prosperity.)
Finally, you will find 汗水 in literature and song lyrics. It is a staple of 'inspirational' (励志) songs. Lyrics often talk about 'wiping away sweat and continuing to run' (擦干汗水继续奔跑). This usage targets the emotional resilience of the listener. Whether it is a pop song or a classic poem, 汗水 serves as a universal signifier for the human experience of effort and the physical manifestation of our inner drive.
每一滴汗水都值得被尊重。(Every drop of sweat deserves to be respected.)
While 汗水 (hànshuǐ) is a relatively straightforward word, English speakers often make specific errors when integrating it into their Chinese. The most common mistake is confusing the noun '汗水' with the verb '出汗' (chūhàn - to sweat). In English, 'sweat' can be both a noun and a verb, but in Chinese, they are distinct. You cannot say 'I am sweating' as '我正在汗水' (incorrect); you must say '我正在出汗' or '我流了很多汗'.
- Noun vs. Verb Confusion
- Wrong: 他汗水了 (He sweated). Correct: 他流汗了 (He sweated) or 他满头大汗 (He is covered in sweat).
错误：他在汗水。 (Incorrect: He is sweating.)
正确：他在流汗。 (Correct: He is sweating.)
Another common error is using the wrong measure word. Because 汗水 is a liquid, beginners might try to use '个' (ge), which is incorrect. The appropriate measure words are '滴' (dī) for drops or '层' (céng) for a layer of sweat. Furthermore, students often forget that 汗水 is more formal and 'heavy' than just '汗' (hàn). If you are just complaining about the weather being hot, '汗' is more natural. If you are talking about the 'sweat of your labor,' '汗水' is the required term.
In metaphorical usage, some learners translate English idioms literally, which doesn't always work. For instance, 'No sweat' (meaning 'it's easy') does not translate to '没有汗水.' In Chinese, 'no sweat' in that context is usually '小菜一碟' (a piece of cake) or '没问题' (no problem). Using 汗水 in that context would confuse a native speaker, as they would interpret it as 'no hard work was involved' rather than 'it was easy for me.'
- Idiomatic Mismatch
- English: 'It's no sweat!' (Easy). Chinese: '小意思!' (Xiǎoyìsi!). Using '没有汗水' here would imply a lack of effort rather than ease of execution.
错误：这件工作没有汗水。 (Incorrect: This job is 'no sweat'.)
正确：这件工作很容易。 (Correct: This job is very easy.)
他的努力没有白费，汗水终有回报。(His efforts were not in vain; sweat finally has a reward.)
To truly master 汗水 (hànshuǐ), you must distinguish it from several related terms. The most obvious is 汗 (hàn). While both mean sweat, '汗' is more versatile—it can be part of a verb (出汗), a noun, or an adjective. '汗水' is strictly a noun and carries a more descriptive or symbolic tone. If you are wiping a single drop, you might use '汗.' If you are describing the collective effort of a project, '汗水' is the only choice.
- 汗水 vs. 汗 (hàn)
- 汗 is general and can be a verb component. 汗水 is a specific noun, often used for literary or metaphorical emphasis on labor.
我出了一身汗。(I broke into a sweat - casual.)
成功的背后是辛勤的汗水。(Behind success is industrious sweat - formal/metaphorical.)
Another alternative is 汗液 (hànyè). This is a scientific or medical term. You will find it in biology textbooks or medical reports. It literally means 'sweat fluid.' You would never use '汗液' to describe hard work; it would sound incredibly cold and clinical. Conversely, you wouldn't use '汗水' in a chemical analysis of the components of perspiration.
When talking about 'hard work' without using the word for sweat, you might use 辛劳 (xīnláo) or 付出 (fùchū). '辛劳' focuses on the hardship and fatigue of labor, while '付出' focuses on the act of giving one's time and energy. '汗水' is a more vivid, visual way to describe these concepts. It makes the abstract idea of 'effort' tangible by linking it to a physical substance.
- Synonyms for Effort
- 努力 (nǔlì - effort/strive), 辛勤 (xīnqín - industrious), 耕耘 (gēngyún - to plow and weed/hard work).
一份耕耘，一份收获。(A bit of plowing, a bit of harvest - equivalent to 'no sweat, no gain'.)
他用汗水浇灌着梦想。(He waters his dreams with sweat.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
天气很热，我有很多汗水。
The weather is hot, I have a lot of sweat.
Basic 'Subject + Verb + Object' structure.
他擦了擦脸上的汗水。
He wiped the sweat on his face.
Uses the verb '擦' (to wipe).
运动以后，会有汗水。
After exercise, there will be sweat.
Simple cause and effect.
汗水是咸的。
Sweat is salty.
Basic 'A is B' description.
你的衣服上有汗水。
There is sweat on your clothes.
Using '在...上' for location.
小猫没有汗水吗？
Do kittens not have sweat?
Simple question with '吗'.
医生看他的汗水。
The doctor looks at his sweat.
Basic SVO.
汗水流下来了。
Sweat flowed down.
Directional complement '下来'.
跑步以后，我的汗水浸透了背心。
After running, my sweat soaked my vest.
Uses '浸透' (soaked).
他流了很多汗水，因为球场很热。
He shed a lot of sweat because the court was hot.
Using '因为' to show reason.
这一滴汗水掉在了地上。
This drop of sweat fell on the ground.
Uses measure word '滴'.
农民在田里流汗水。
Farmers are sweating in the fields.
Locational phrase '在田里'.
我不喜欢汗水的感觉。
I don't like the feeling of sweat.
Abstract noun usage '感觉'.
他在用毛巾擦汗水。
He is using a towel to wipe sweat.
Instrumental '用...擦'.
汗水让他眼睛疼。
Sweat made his eyes hurt.
Causative structure '让'.
虽然很累，但他不在乎汗水。
Although tired, he doesn't care about the sweat.
Conjunction '虽然...但'.
成功的背后是无数次的汗水。
Behind success is countless times of sweat.
Metaphorical use for effort.
他在这个项目上挥洒了大量的汗水。
He shed a large amount of sweat on this project.
Formal verb '挥洒'.
我们要用汗水换取美好的未来。
We should use sweat to exchange for a beautiful future.
The '用...换取' pattern.
这本书凝聚了他的汗水和心血。
This book embodies his sweat and painstaking effort.
High-level verb '凝聚'.
每一滴汗水都是进步的见证。
Every drop of sweat is a witness to progress.
N + '是' + N structure.
他擦干汗水，继续向前走。
He wiped dry his sweat and continued walking forward.
Resultative complement '干'.
辛勤的汗水总会得到回报。
Industrious sweat will always get a reward.
Adjective '辛勤' modification.
他满脸汗水地走进了办公室。
He walked into the office with a face full of sweat.
Adverbial phrase with '地'.
这些雄伟的建筑都是工人们用汗水筑成的。
These majestic buildings were all built by workers with their sweat.
Passive-like '用...筑成的'.
在烈日下，汗水顺着他的脸颊流淌。
Under the scorching sun, sweat flowed down his cheeks.
Descriptive verb '流淌'.
他深知，没有汗水，梦想只是空谈。
He knows deeply that without sweat, dreams are just empty talk.
Conditional '没有...只是'.
他的努力并没有白费，汗水终于浇灌出了成功的果实。
His efforts were not in vain; sweat finally watered the fruits of success.
Metaphorical '浇灌'.
这篇文章感叹了劳动者汗水的价值。
This article laments/praises the value of the workers' sweat.
Abstract noun '价值'.
即便汗水湿透了衣衫，他也没有停下脚步。
Even if sweat soaked through his clothes, he did not stop his steps.
Conjunction '即便...也'.
汗水象征着我们对生活的热爱。
Sweat symbolizes our love for life.
Verb '象征' (symbolize).
他把所有的汗水都倾注在了这片土地上。
He poured all his sweat into this piece of land.
Ba-structure '把...倾注在'.
这座城市的每一寸土地都浸透了先行者的汗水。
Every inch of this city's land is soaked with the sweat of the pioneers.
Hyperbolic '每一寸土地'.
他那种不畏艰辛、挥洒汗水的精神值得我们学习。
His spirit of not fearing hardship and shedding sweat is worth our learning.
Complex nominal phrase as subject.
汗水与泪水交织在一起，谱写了一曲奋斗之歌。
Sweat and tears intertwined, composing a song of struggle.
Literary verb '交织'.
面对困难，他选择用汗水去化解，而不是用借口去逃避。
Facing difficulties, he chose to use sweat to resolve them rather than excuses to escape.
Contrastive '而不是'.
这一代人的汗水，为下一代人开辟了平坦的道路。
The sweat of this generation opened a smooth road for the next generation.
Temporal contrast.
在那个动荡的年代，唯有汗水能换来一丝生存的希望。
In that turbulent era, only sweat could exchange for a trace of hope for survival.
Restrictive '唯有'.
汗水是诚实的，它从不欺骗那些真正努力的人。
Sweat is honest; it never deceives those who truly work hard.
Personification of '汗水'.
他笔下的汗水，不仅是生理的排泄，更是灵魂的洗礼。
The sweat in his writings is not just biological excretion, but a baptism of the soul.
Structure '不仅是...更是'.
汗水作为劳动的物化形式，在社会契约中占据着核心地位。
Sweat, as a reified form of labor, occupies a central position in the social contract.
Philosophical/Sociological terminology.
他试图通过文字，将那些被历史尘封的汗水重新召唤回来。
He tried to use words to summon back the sweat that had been sealed by history.
Metaphorical '召唤'.
这种对汗水的崇拜，反映了农耕文化在现代性转型中的残留。
This worship of sweat reflects the remnants of agrarian culture in the transition to modernity.
Critical analysis tone.
汗水的咸涩，是生命最原始、最真实的味道。
The saltiness of sweat is the most primitive and true taste of life.
Existentialist description.
在资本的逻辑下，劳动者的汗水往往被抽象成了冷冰冰的数字。
Under the logic of capital, the workers' sweat is often abstracted into cold numbers.
Political economy context.
他的一生，就是一部由汗水书写的奋斗史。
His whole life is a history of struggle written with sweat.
Appositive structure.
这种汗水背后的尊严，是任何金钱都无法衡量的。
The dignity behind this sweat is something no amount of money can measure.
Incommensurability '无法衡量'.
当汗水滴落在那片贫瘠的土地上，奇迹便开始孕育。
When sweat drips onto that barren land, a miracle begins to gestate.
Poetic '孕育'.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— Dripping with sweat. Used to describe someone after intense exercise.
打完球，他大汗淋漓。
— Sweat and tears. Represents the full spectrum of struggle.
成功的路上充满了汗水和泪水。
— Sweat and blood. Emphasizes extreme sacrifice.
这是先辈们用汗水和血水换来的。
— To bleed and sweat. A common military or revolutionary phrase.
战士们在战场上流血流汗。
— Soaked with sweat. Describes clothes or the body.
他的衬衫被汗水湿透了。
— Wipe dry the sweat. Implies picking oneself up to continue.
擦干汗水，继续战斗。
— To put in sweat/effort. A common way to describe contribution.
只有付出汗水，才能成功。
— Exchange for sweat. Usually 'swea
Summary
汗水 (hànshuǐ) is more than just biological sweat; it is a primary metaphor for human effort. Example: '成功的背后是辛勤的汗水' (Behind success is industrious sweat), showing how it equates physical secretion with moral virtue.
- 汗水 (hànshuǐ) is the Chinese noun for 'sweat,' combining the characters for 'sweat' (汗) and 'water' (水). It's used literally and metaphorically.
- In everyday use, it describes perspiration from heat or exercise, commonly paired with verbs like '流' (flow) or '擦' (wipe).
- Metaphorically, it is a very positive term representing 'hard work,' 'dedication,' and 'sacrifice' in achieveing goals or building a nation.
- It is a key cultural concept in China, often linked to the value of manual labor and the rewards of persistent effort.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر health
一粒
A2یک دانه یا یک قرص. برای اشیاء کوچک و گرد مانند برنج یا بذر استفاده میشود. 'یک قرص' میشود '一粒药'.
一片
A2One tablet; a slice (for flat objects like pills).
不正常
A2غیرطبیعی، ناهنجار؛ چیزی که مطابق روال معمول نیست.
以上
A2بالاتر از، بیشتر از (یک عدد). به مقدار یا سطحی اشاره دارد که برابر یا بیشتر از یک نقطه مرجع مشخص است.
酸痛
A2بعد از ورزش تمام بدنم درد میکند.
倒是
A2در عوض؛ در واقع. برای نشان دادن یک تضاد غیرمنتظره استفاده میشود.
针灸
A2Acupuncture; traditional Chinese therapy.
扎针
A2آمپول زدن یا طب سوزنی انجام دادن.
急性
B1حاد (بیماری): به وضعیتی اطلاق میشود که ناگهان شروع شده و معمولاً شدید اما کوتاهمدت است. حاد (بیماری): هنگام صحبت در مورد بیماریها، «حاد» چیزی را توصیف میکند که به سرعت شروع میشود و شدید است، اما مدت زیادی طول نمیکشد.
急性病
B1یک بیماری حاد که ناگهان ظاهر می شود و دوره کوتاهی دارد.
