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A2 adjective 10 min de lecture

جلدي

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces جلدي en 30 secondes

Explication جلدي in your Level:

At the A1 level, you learn that 'jaldi' comes from the word 'jald' which means skin. You use it to describe simple things like a 'leather bag' (bag jaldi - though usually nouns are used here) or to tell a doctor 'skin problem'. It is one of the first adjectives you learn for describing materials and basic health issues. You should focus on the 'i' sound at the end which makes it an adjective. Think of it as 'skin-like'. It's a very helpful word when you are shopping for souvenirs or explaining a simple itch to a pharmacist. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just remember that it describes the skin or leather.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'jaldi' in full sentences with correct gender agreement. You understand that 'jaldi' is for masculine nouns and 'jaldiyya' is for feminine nouns. You can describe a 'skin rash' (taph jaldi) or a 'skin allergy' (hassasiyya jaldiyya). You also use it in the context of shopping to identify 'leather products'. You are expected to know that adjectives follow the noun in Arabic. This level is about functional communication, so using 'jaldi' correctly in a medical or commercial setting is the main goal. You also start to see it on signs for 'Dermatology' clinics in cities.

At the B1 level, you use 'jaldi' to discuss more complex topics like 'skincare routines' or 'environmental effects on the skin'. You can explain why you need a specific 'dermal cream' (kareem jaldi) and discuss the difference between 'natural leather' and 'synthetic materials'. You understand the Nisba adjective system better and can apply it to other words. You also recognize the word in news reports or health articles. Your sentences are longer, and you can use 'jaldi' to describe the 'integumentary system' in basic biological terms. You are becoming more precise with your vocabulary, choosing 'jaldi' over more general terms.

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At the B2 level, you use 'jaldi' in technical and professional contexts. You can read medical brochures about 'skin cancer' (sartan al-jild) or 'dermal infections' (iltihabat jaldiyya) with ease. You understand the nuances between 'jaldi' and 'bashari' (epidermal). In discussions about the economy, you might talk about the 'leather industry' (sina'at al-jild) and use 'jaldi' to describe the quality of exports. You are comfortable with the grammar of non-human plurals taking feminine singular adjectives, effortlessly saying 'amrad jaldiyya'. You can also use the word metaphorically in literature to describe textures and surfaces.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'jaldi' is sophisticated. You use it in academic writing about biology, chemistry (dermal absorption), and history (leather manuscripts). You understand the etymological roots and how they relate to other words like 'tajleed' (bookbinding). You can engage in deep conversations about the ethics of the leather industry or the science of dermatology. You notice the word in classical poetry where it might describe the toughness of a warrior or the texture of the earth. Your grasp of the word includes its most formal and technical applications, and you can switch between registers perfectly.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of 'jaldi'. You can interpret complex medical diagnoses and legal documents related to the leather trade. You understand the subtle cultural connotations of 'jald' in different Arabic dialects and how 'jaldi' is used in high-level scientific research. You can write professional articles about 'cutaneous' phenomena and use the word in creative writing to evoke specific sensory details. You are aware of the word's historical evolution from early Semitic roots to its modern multifaceted usage. To you, 'jaldi' is not just a word, but a versatile tool for precise expression across all domains of life.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

جلدي en 30 secondes

Jaldi is an Arabic adjective meaning 'dermal' or 'leathery'. It is used to describe skin conditions and leather materials.
It comes from the root J-L-D (skin/leather) and uses the Nisba suffix '-i' to create the adjective form.
The word changes to 'jaldiyya' when describing feminine nouns or non-human plurals, following Arabic grammar rules.
Common contexts include medical clinics (dermatology), pharmacies (ointments), and markets (leather goods like bags and belts).

The Arabic word جلدي (jaldi) is a primary adjective derived from the root noun جلد (jald), which means skin or leather. In the Arabic language, this transformation is achieved through the 'Nisba' suffix, where the addition of the 'ya' (ي) at the end turns a noun into an adjective signifying relatedness or origin. Consequently, جلدي translates most directly to 'dermal' or 'cutaneous' in a medical or biological context, and 'leathery' or 'made of leather' in a material or industrial context. This duality is essential for learners to grasp. When you are at a doctor's office in an Arabic-speaking country, you might hear this word used to describe a rash, an allergy, or a specific type of treatment. Conversely, if you are shopping in a traditional 'souq' (market), the same word might be used to describe the texture of a high-quality bag or the binding of an ancient manuscript.

Medical Application: In healthcare, it describes anything affecting the skin. For example, 'marad jaldi' (skin disease) or 'hassasiyya jaldiyya' (skin allergy). Note that the feminine form 'jaldiyya' is frequently used because many medical nouns like 'hassasiyya' (allergy) are feminine.

يعاني الطفل من طفح جلدي بسيط بعد السباحة.

The child suffers from a simple skin rash after swimming.

Material Description: In the world of fashion and crafts, it refers to items that have the properties of leather. It is used to distinguish natural materials from synthetics, or to describe the finish of a product. If a book has a 'ghilaf jaldi' (leather cover), it implies luxury and durability.

هذا المعطف له ملمس جلدي ناعم جداً.

This coat has a very soft leathery feel.

Scientific Context: In biology, 'jaldi' relates to the integumentary system. It covers everything from the layers of the skin (dermis and epidermis) to the functions of pores and sweat glands. It is a technical term used in textbooks to explain how organisms interact with their environment through their outer covering.

التنفس الجلدي مهم لبعض البرمائيات.

Cutaneous respiration is important for some amphibians.

يستخدم الطبيب دهاناً جلدياً لعلاج الحروق.

The doctor uses a dermal ointment to treat burns.

وجدنا أثراً جلدياً قديماً في الكهف.

We found an old leather trace in the cave.

Understanding 'jaldi' requires recognizing that Arabic roots are versatile. The root J-L-D doesn't just mean the physical skin; it conveys the idea of an outer protective layer. This is why the same word can describe a biological organ and a manufactured material. In the CEFR A2 level, you primarily need to know it for health contexts (describing a rash to a doctor) or shopping contexts (describing a product's material). As you progress, you will see it in scientific literature describing the 'dermis' or in literature describing the 'leathery' texture of a weathered face. The word carries a sense of durability and surface-level interaction. It is not used for internal organs or abstract 'feelings' unless those feelings manifest on the skin, like a 'jaldi' reaction to stress. Mastering this word opens up vocabulary in both the medical and textile industries, making it a highly functional term for any intermediate learner of Arabic.

Using the adjective جلدي (jaldi) requires an understanding of Arabic adjective-noun agreement. In Arabic, adjectives follow the noun they modify and must agree in gender, number, and definiteness. For example, if you are talking about 'a skin disease' (masculine), you say 'marad jaldi'. If you are talking about 'the skin disease' (definite), you say 'al-marad al-jaldi'. This pattern is consistent across all usage scenarios, whether you are in a pharmacy or a clothing store.

The Masculine Form: Used with masculine nouns like 'tariq' (way), 'ghilaf' (cover), or 'taph' (rash). It remains 'jaldi' in its base form.

اشتريت دفتراً بغلاف جلدي.

I bought a notebook with a leather cover.

The Feminine Form: Used with feminine nouns like 'hassasiyya' (allergy) or 'tabaqa' (layer). The word becomes 'jaldiyya' (جلدية).

هذه الطبقة الجلدية تحمي الجسم.

This dermal layer protects the body.

Definite vs. Indefinite: If the noun has 'Al-' (the), the adjective must also have 'Al-'. 'Al-taph al-jaldi' means 'The skin rash'. Without 'Al-', it is just 'a skin rash'.

هل هذا المرض الجلدي معدٍ؟

Is this skin disease contagious?

أحتاج إلى كريم جلدي للترطيب.

I need a skin cream for moisturizing.

ظهرت بقع جلدية حمراء على يدي.

Red skin spots appeared on my hand.

When constructing sentences, remember that 'jaldi' describes the nature of the object. It is not used to say 'I am skin' or 'He is leather'. It is strictly attributive or predicative. For instance, 'Al-hiza' jaldi' (The shoe is leathery/made of leather). This is a very common structure in descriptive writing. In medical settings, 'jaldi' is often part of a compound term that learners should memorize as a single unit, such as 'Tibb al-jild' (Dermatology, literally 'Medicine of the skin'), though the practitioner is a 'Tabeeb Jaldiyya' (Dermatologist). The flexibility of 'jaldi' allows it to span from the texture of a fruit's peel to the specific diagnosis of a medical condition. By focusing on the agreement rules, a learner can accurately use 'jaldi' in hundreds of different contexts without sounding robotic. Always pair it with the noun it describes, and watch out for those feminine nouns!

In daily life in the Arab world, the word جلدي (jaldi) appears in several distinct environments. The most common place is the pharmacy (al-saydaliyya) or the clinic (al-iyada). When patients describe symptoms, they often use 'jaldi' to specify that the problem is external. You will see it on the packaging of ointments, lotions, and medicated soaps. For example, a bottle might be labeled 'Mutaher Jaldi' (Dermal Antiseptic).

At the Dermatologist: The clinic of a dermatologist is usually labeled 'Iyadat al-Amrad al-Jaldiyya' (Clinic of Skin Diseases). This is perhaps the most frequent formal use of the word you will encounter in signage.

أين أجد عيادة الأمراض الجلدية؟

Where can I find the skin diseases clinic?

In the Market (Souq): When browsing for goods, especially in places like Morocco or Egypt known for leatherwork, you will hear 'jaldi' to describe the quality. A vendor might say 'Haza jald tabi'i jaldi' (This is natural skin/leather, leathery quality).

هذا الحزام جلدي أصلي 100%.

This belt is 100% original leather.

Beauty and Skincare: In commercials for skincare products, 'jaldi' is used to talk about 'al-inaya al-jaldiyya' (skin care) or 'al-mashakil al-jaldiyya' (skin problems) like acne or dryness.

نقدم لكم أفضل الحلول للمشاكل الجلدية.

We offer you the best solutions for skin problems.

تجنب التعرض المباشر للشمس لمنع الحروق الجلدية.

Avoid direct sun exposure to prevent skin burns.

هذا المنتج مخصص للاستعمال الجلدي الخارجي فقط.

This product is for external dermal use only.

Beyond these specific places, 'jaldi' is heard in educational settings. Students studying biology or medicine will use it constantly. Interestingly, in the leather industry, 'jaldi' is a mark of authenticity. If you are buying a car with leather seats, the salesperson will emphasize that the seats are 'jaldiyya'. In literature, 'jaldi' can be used metaphorically to describe a person who is 'thick-skinned' or tough, although this is more advanced. For a beginner or intermediate learner, hearing 'jaldi' should immediately trigger thoughts of either health or materials. It is a word that bridges the gap between the biological self and the physical world of objects. Whether you are reading a label on a sunscreen bottle or discussing the texture of a luxury handbag, 'jaldi' is your go-to adjective. Its frequency in both scientific and commercial Arabic makes it an indispensable part of your vocabulary.

Even for advanced learners, the word جلدي (jaldi) can be tricky due to its grammatical requirements and its similarity to other words. The most frequent mistake is failing to apply the correct gender agreement. Since 'jaldi' is an adjective, it must match the noun. Many learners mistakenly use the masculine 'jaldi' for feminine nouns like 'hassasiyya' (allergy) or 'tabaqa' (layer). Always remember to add the 'ah' (ة) sound at the end for feminine nouns.

Gender Mismatch: Saying 'hassasiyya jaldi' is incorrect. It must be 'hassasiyya jaldiyya'. This is because 'hassasiyya' ends in a Taa Marbuta and is feminine.

خطأ: عندي حساسية جلدي. صح: عندي حساسية جلدية.

Error: I have a dermal allergy (masc). Correct: I have a dermal allergy (fem).

Confusing Noun and Adjective: Learners often confuse 'jald' (skin/leather - noun) with 'jaldi' (dermal/leathery - adjective). You cannot use 'jaldi' when you want to say 'my skin hurts'. You must use the noun 'jildi' (my skin).

خطأ: جلدي يؤلمني. صح: جلدي (noun + my) يؤلمني.

Note: In the phrase 'jildi yu'limuni', the 'i' at the end is the possessive pronoun 'my', not the Nisba adjective. This is a common point of confusion!

Plural Agreement: As mentioned, non-human plurals take a feminine singular adjective. 'Amrad' (diseases) is plural, so you must say 'Amrad Jaldiyya'.

الأمراض الجلدية منتشرة في الصيف.

Skin diseases are common in the summer.

هذه الحقائب الجلدية غالية الثمن.

These leather bags are expensive.

هل تستخدم زيوتاً جلدية؟

Do you use dermal oils?

Another mistake is using 'jaldi' to describe something that is simply 'leather' in a casual way where 'jald' (the noun) would be more natural. For example, instead of saying 'hiza' jaldi', many native speakers just say 'hiza' jald' (leather shoe). However, 'jaldi' is never wrong; it's just more formal. Finally, be careful with the pronunciation. The 'j' in 'jaldi' is a firm 'j' sound (like 'jam'), and the 'l' is light. Some dialects might soften the 'j' to a 'zh' sound, but the 'Nisba' ending 'i' is always clear. Avoiding these mistakes will make your Arabic sound much more natural and precise, especially in medical or professional settings where accuracy is paramount.

While جلدي (jaldi) is the standard adjective for skin-related things, Arabic offers several other words depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. Understanding the difference between 'jaldi', 'bashari', and 'adami' is key to advanced fluency.

Jaldi vs. Bashari: 'Jaldi' refers to the physical skin or leather. 'Bashari' (from bashara) refers specifically to the epidermis or the complexion. You use 'jaldi' for a medical rash, but 'bashara' for skincare and beauty.

Jaldi vs. Tibbi: 'Tibbi' means medical. While a skin disease is 'jaldi', the treatment might be described as 'tibbi'. Use 'jaldi' when the focus is on the location (the skin) rather than the nature of the treatment.

نستخدم منظفاً بشرياً للوجه (Skincare context).

We use a skin (epidermal) cleanser for the face.

Sina'i (Synthetic): The opposite of 'jaldi' in the context of materials is 'sina'i' (artificial/synthetic). If a bag is not 'jaldi', it might be 'jald sina'i' (synthetic leather).

هل هذا الجلد طبيعي أم صناعي؟

Is this leather natural or synthetic?

Khariji (External): In medical instructions, 'khariji' is often used as a synonym for 'jaldi' when describing where to apply medicine. 'Isti'mal khariji' means 'external use'.

هذا المرهم للاستعمال الخارجي فقط.

This ointment is for external use only.

البشرة الحساسة تحتاج عناية خاصة.

Sensitive skin (complexion) needs special care.

تعتبر المسام الجلدية منفذاً للعرق.

Skin pores are considered an outlet for sweat.

In summary, 'jaldi' is the most versatile and medically accurate term. If you are talking about beauty, use 'bashari'. If you are talking about medical treatments generally, use 'tibbi'. If you are talking about the location of an application, 'khariji' is a common alternative. For materials, 'jaldi' is the gold standard for 'leather', while 'sina'i' is its artificial counterpart. By learning these distinctions, you can navigate pharmacies, hospitals, and shopping malls with confidence, knowing exactly which word fits the context best. This vocabulary enrichment is what separates a beginner from an intermediate speaker.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The same root J-L-D is used for 'Tajleed' (bookbinding) because early books were exclusively bound in leather.

Guide de prononciation

UK /ˈdʒal.di/

US /ˈdʒæl.di/

The stress is on the first syllable: JAL-di.

Rime avec

Baladi (My country) Waladi (My son) Abadi (Eternal) Jasadi (Physical) Adadi (Numerical) Baladi (Local) Asadi (Lion-like) Wardy (Rosy)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing the 'j' as a 'y' (yaldi).
Shortening the final 'i' sound.
Over-emphasizing the 'l' like an English 'l'.
Confusing it with 'jaldee' (Hindi/Urdu for 'fast').
Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root 'jald'.

Écriture 3/5

Requires attention to the 'ya' and gender agreement.

Expression orale 2/5

Simple pronunciation, but don't confuse with Hindi 'jaldi'.

Écoute 2/5

Clear 'i' sound at the end is easy to hear.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

جلد (Jald) مرض (Marad) حقيبة (Haqiba) حذاء (Hiza') طبيب (Tabeeb)

Apprends ensuite

بشرة (Bashara) علاجي (Ilaji) حساسية (Hassasiyya) التهاب (Iltihab) دباغة (Dabagha)

Avancé

نسيج (Naseej) خلقي (Khulqi) مجهري (Mijhari) تجميلي (Tajmeeli) مناعي (Mana'i)

Grammaire à connaître

Nisba Adjectives

Adding 'ي' to 'Jald' creates 'Jaldi'.

Adjective Agreement

Haqiba (fem) + Jaldiyya (fem).

Definiteness Agreement

Al-Hiza' (def) + Al-Jaldi (def).

Non-Human Plural Rule

Amrad (plural) + Jaldiyya (singular feminine).

Case Endings

Hiza'un jaldi-yun (Nominative), Hiza'an jaldi-yan (Accusative).

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Exemples par niveau

هذا حذاء جلدي.

This is a leather shoe.

Simple noun-adjective pair. Masculine agreement.

عندي مشكلة جلدية.

I have a skin problem.

Feminine agreement because 'mushkila' is feminine.

هل هذا الجلد طبيعي؟

Is this leather natural?

Using the noun 'jald' (leather/skin) for comparison.

أريد حقيبة جلدية.

I want a leather bag.

Feminine agreement with 'haqiba'.

كريم جلدي لليد.

Skin cream for the hand.

Compound phrase used in shopping.

هذا معطف جلدي أسود.

This is a black leather coat.

Two adjectives (jaldi and aswad) following the noun.

البحث عن طبيب جلدي.

Looking for a skin doctor.

Informal way to say dermatologist at A1 level.

غلاف الكتاب جلدي.

The book cover is leather.

Predicative use of the adjective.

أعاني من طفح جلدي.

I suffer from a skin rash.

Common medical phrase 'taph jaldi'.

هذه الحساسية الجلدية مزعجة.

This skin allergy is annoying.

Definite noun and definite feminine adjective.

هل يوجد مرهم جلدي هنا؟

Is there a skin ointment here?

Question format using 'yujad' (there is).

اشتريت حزاماً جلدياً جديداً.

I bought a new leather belt.

Accusative case (tanween fath) on the adjective.

عيادة الأمراض الجلدية مغلقة.

The skin diseases clinic is closed.

Non-human plural 'amrad' takes feminine singular 'jaldiyya'.

اللمس الجلدي مهم للأطفال.

Skin-to-skin touch is important for babies.

Abstract use of 'jaldi' to describe touch.

هذا الكرسي له غطاء جلدي.

This chair has a leather cover.

Possessive 'lahu' (has it).

استخدم صابوناً جلدياً طبياً.

Use a medical skin soap.

Two adjectives modifying 'sabun'.

يجب ترطيب الطبقة الجلدية يومياً.

The skin layer must be moisturized daily.

Passive structure 'yujab' with 'tabaqa jaldiyya'.

تتأثر الخلايا الجلدية بأشعة الشمس.

Skin cells are affected by sunlight.

Plural feminine noun 'khalaya' with feminine adjective.

تتميز هذه المنطقة بصناعة المنتجات الجلدية.

This region is characterized by the leather products industry.

Prepositional phrase 'bi-sina'at'.

هل هذا التورم الجلدي مؤلم؟

Is this skin swelling painful?

Definite masculine agreement.

تعمل المسام الجلدية على تنظيم الحرارة.

Skin pores work on regulating heat.

Subject-verb agreement with plural 'masam'.

يفضل البعض الملابس الجلدية في الشتاء.

Some prefer leather clothes in winter.

Plural non-human 'malabis' with feminine singular 'jaldiyya'.

هناك أنواع كثيرة من الفطريات الجلدية.

There are many types of skin fungi.

Genitive construction 'anwa' min'.

يعتبر الجلد أكبر عضو جلدي في الجسم.

The skin is considered the largest dermal organ in the body.

Superlative 'akbar' with adjective 'jaldi'.

الالتهابات الجلدية قد تكون ناتجة عن التوتر.

Skin inflammations may be caused by stress.

Complex sentence with 'qad' (may) and 'natuja' (resulting).

يتم فحص النسيج الجلدي تحت المجهر.

Skin tissue is examined under the microscope.

Passive 'yatam fahs' (is examined).

تعتمد جودة الحذاء على نوع الدباغة الجلدية.

Shoe quality depends on the type of leather tanning.

Technical term 'dabagha' (tanning).

تظهر الندبات الجلدية بعد التئام الجروح.

Skin scars appear after wounds heal.

Plural noun 'nadbat' (scars).

يستخدم الجراح خيوطاً جلدية خاصة.

The surgeon uses special dermal threads.

Professional context.

الامتصاص الجلدي للأدوية وسيلة فعالة.

Dermal absorption of medications is an effective method.

Verbal noun 'imtisass' (absorption).

تعاني الحيوانات من طفيليات جلدية خارجية.

Animals suffer from external skin parasites.

Two adjectives modifying 'tufayliyyat'.

يتم تصدير المصنوعات الجلدية إلى الخارج.

Leather manufactures are exported abroad.

Economic term 'masnu'at' (manufactures).

تتجلى الشيخوخة في التغيرات الجلدية العميقة.

Aging manifests in deep dermal changes.

Abstract verb 'tatajalla' (manifests).

يعالج الطب الحديث التشوهات الجلدية الخلقية.

Modern medicine treats congenital skin deformities.

Complex medical terminology.

كانت المخطوطات الجلدية تحفظ في أوعية خاصة.

Leather manuscripts were kept in special containers.

Historical context using 'makhtutat'.

يؤثر التلوث البيئي على الحواجز الجلدية الواقية.

Environmental pollution affects the protective skin barriers.

Scientific term 'hawajiz' (barriers).

تتطلب الجراحة التجميلية فهماً دقيقاً للتشريح الجلدي.

Plastic surgery requires an accurate understanding of dermal anatomy.

Technical term 'tashreeh' (anatomy).

تعتبر الصدفية اضطراباً جلدياً مزمناً.

Psoriasis is considered a chronic skin disorder.

Diagnosis term 'iztirab' (disorder).

استخدم القدماء الأصباغ الجلدية المستخلصة من النباتات.

Ancients used skin/leather dyes extracted from plants.

Historical/Industrial context.

تؤدي الحروق الجلدية من الدرجة الثالثة إلى تلف الأعصاب.

Third-degree skin burns lead to nerve damage.

Advanced medical cause-effect sentence.

إن الاستجابة الجلدية الجلفانية تعكس الحالة الانفعالية.

The galvanic skin response reflects the emotional state.

Highly technical psychological term.

تعد المسامية الجلدية عاملاً حاسماً في نفاذية العقاقير.

Dermal porosity is a critical factor in drug permeability.

Academic research context.

تتداخل العوامل الوراثية والبيئية في صياغة النمط الظاهري الجلدي.

Genetic and environmental factors overlap in shaping the dermal phenotype.

Biology/Genetics terminology.

يتم استرجاع التاريخ من خلال فحص البقايا الجلدية في المواقع الأثرية.

History is retrieved through examining leather remains in archaeological sites.

Archaeological context.

إن التفاعل الجلدي المناعي معقد للغاية ويشمل خلايا متعددة.

The immune dermal reaction is extremely complex and involves multiple cells.

Immunology context.

تخضع الدباغة الجلدية لمعايير بيئية صارمة في الدول المتقدمة.

Leather tanning is subject to strict environmental standards in developed countries.

Policy/Industrial context.

تساهم المستشعرات الجلدية القابلة للارتداء في مراقبة الصحة عن بعد.

Wearable dermal sensors contribute to remote health monitoring.

Technology/Innovation context.

يعتبر التقرن الجلدي من العلامات السريرية الهامة في التشخيص.

Dermal keratinization is an important clinical sign in diagnosis.

Clinical medical terminology.

Collocations courantes

طفح جلدي

مرض جلدي

حساسية جلدية

حذاء جلدي

حقيبة جلدية

غلاف جلدي

سرطان جلدي

تفاعل جلدي

نسيج جلدي

منتجات جلدية

Phrases Courantes

طبيب جلدية

— A dermatologist. Literally, a 'skin doctor'.

يجب أن أرى طبيب جلدية.

كريم جلدي

— A skin cream or dermal ointment.

استخدم كريماً جلدياً للترطيب.

بقع جلدية

— Skin spots or patches, often medical.

ظهرت بقع جلدية غريبة.

حروق جلدية

— Skin burns, from sun or heat.

الحروق الجلدية مؤلمة جداً.

مسام جلدية

— Skin pores.

المسام الجلدية تفرز العرق.

طبقة جلدية

— A skin layer or dermal layer.

الطبقة الجلدية تحمي الجسم.

التهاب جلدي

— Dermatitis or skin inflammation.

عنده التهاب جلدي حاد.

ندبة جلدية

— A skin scar.

بقيت ندبة جلدية بعد الجرح.

فحص جلدي

— A skin examination.

أجرى الطبيب فحصاً جلدياً.

معطف جلدي

— A leather coat or jacket.

أحب المعاطف الجلدية.

Souvent confondu avec

جلدي vs جلدي (Jildi)

Means 'my skin' (noun + possessive). 'Jaldi' is the adjective 'dermal'.

جلدي vs بشري (Bashari)

Related to 'bashara' (complexion/epidermis), used more in beauty/cosmetics.

جلدي vs جلدي (Hindi/Urdu)

In Hindi/Urdu, 'jaldi' means 'quick/fast'. Completely unrelated.

Expressions idiomatiques

"جلد سميك"

— Thick-skinned. Refers to someone who is not easily offended.

هو صاحب جلد سميك.

Informal

"بين الجلد والعظم"

— Skin and bones. Refers to being very thin.

صار الرجل بين الجلد والعظم.

Neutral

"نفذ بجلده"

— Escaped with his skin (life). Meaning to barely escape a dangerous situation.

نفذ السائق بجلده من الحادث.

Neutral

"حك جلده"

— Scratch his own skin. Used in the proverb: No one scratches your skin like your own fingernail (self-reliance).

ما حك جلدك مثل ظفرك.

Literary

"تحت الجلد"

— Under the skin. Can refer to medical injections or something that gets on one's nerves.

هذه الحقنة تؤخذ تحت الجلد.

Medical/Informal

"سلخ الجلد"

— Skinning the skin. Metaphorically means to criticize someone harshly.

سلخ النقاد جلده في المراجعات.

Informal

"جلد الذات"

— Self-flagellation. Metaphorically refers to excessive self-criticism.

توقف عن جلد الذات.

Psychological

"في جلد فلان"

— In someone's skin. Similar to 'in someone's shoes'.

لا أريد أن أكون في جلده الآن.

Informal

"باع جلده"

— Sold his skin. Means to betray oneself or one's principles for money.

باع جلده من أجل المال.

Informal

"تغيير الجلد"

— Changing the skin. Refers to a person changing their ways or appearance completely.

حاول السياسي تغيير جلده.

Political

Facile à confondre

جلدي vs بشرة

Both refer to skin.

'Jald' is the whole organ or leather; 'Bashara' is specifically the outer complexion or skin surface used in beauty.

بشرتها ناعمة (Her complexion is soft).

جلدي vs جسدي

Both relate to the body.

'Jasadi' is 'physical/bodily' in general; 'Jaldi' is specifically 'skin-related'.

تمارين جسدية (Physical exercises).

جلدي vs خارجي

Both describe where medicine is applied.

'Khariji' means 'external' (anywhere outside); 'Jaldi' means 'dermal' (specifically the skin).

دواء خارجي (External medicine).

جلدي vs طبيعي

Used to describe leather.

'Tabi'i' means 'natural'; 'Jaldi' means 'leathery/leather'.

جلد طبيعي (Natural leather).

جلدي vs صناعي

Opposite of natural leather.

'Sina'i' is synthetic. A bag can be 'jald sina'i' (synthetic leather) or 'jaldi' (leather-like).

جلد صناعي (Synthetic leather).

Structures de phrases

هذا [Noun] جلدي.

هذا حزام جلدي.

عندي [Medical Noun] جلدي.

عندي طفح جلدي.

أريد شراء [Noun] جلدي من [Place].

أريد شراء حقيبة جلدية من السوق.

تعتبر [Noun] الجلدية مهمة لـ [Purpose].

تعتبر الطبقة الجلدية مهمة للحماية.

يؤدي [Cause] إلى تغيرات جلدية [Adjective].

يؤدي التلوث إلى تغيرات جلدية خطيرة.

إن [Technical Noun] الجلدي يمثل [Concept].

إن التفاعل الجلدي يمثل استجابة مناعية.

Mixed

هل [Noun] الجلدي [Adjective]؟

هل المرض الجلدي معدٍ؟

Mixed

استخدم [Product] جلدياً لـ [Action].

استخدم دهاناً جلدياً للعلاج.

Famille de mots

Noms

جلد (Jald) - Skin/Leather

جلود (Julud) - Skins/Leathers (Plural)

تجليد (Tajleed) - Bookbinding

مجلد (Mujallad) - Volume/Bound book

Verbes

جلد (Jalada) - To lash/whip

جلد (Jallada) - To bind a book

تجلد (Tajallada) - To endure/be patient

Adjectifs

جلدي (Jaldi) - Dermal/Leathery

مجلد (Mujallad) - Bound (book)

Apparenté

بشرة (Bashara) - Complexion

دباغة (Dabagha) - Tanning

مرهم (Marham) - Ointment

حساسية (Hassasiyya) - Allergy

طفح (Taph) - Rash

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in medical, fashion, and industrial domains.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'jaldi' for feminine nouns. → Use 'jaldiyya'.
Arabic adjectives must match the gender of the noun. 'Haqiba' (bag) is feminine, so it must be 'Haqiba jaldiyya'.
Confusing 'jaldi' (adjective) with 'jildi' (my skin). → Understand the context.
'Jildi' (جِلدي) means 'my skin'. 'Jaldi' (جَلدي) means 'dermal'. They look similar but have different vowels on the first letter.
Using 'jaldi' for 'fast'. → Use 'sari'.
'Jaldi' is only for skin/leather. The confusion comes from South Asian languages.
Saying 'Amrad jaldi' for skin diseases. → Say 'Amrad jaldiyya'.
Non-human plurals are treated as feminine singular in Arabic grammar.
Using 'jaldi' for internal pain. → Use 'dakhili' or the specific organ name.
'Jaldi' is strictly for the outer surface (skin). It cannot be used for internal issues.

Astuces

Master the Nisba

Remember that 'jaldi' is a Nisba adjective. This pattern (Noun + 'i') is used for thousands of Arabic adjectives like 'Misri' (Egyptian) or 'Arabi' (Arabic). Learning 'jaldi' helps you understand this whole system.

Medical vs. Material

Don't forget the two sides of 'jaldi'. It's just as useful in a hospital as it is in a shoe store. Context will always tell you if it means 'dermal' or 'leathery'.

The Final 'I'

Make sure to pronounce the final 'i' clearly. If you cut it short, it might sound like the noun 'jald', which could confuse the listener in a sentence.

Plural Agreement

Always pair 'amrad' (diseases) with 'jaldiyya'. This is a very common phrase you will see on every dermatology clinic sign.

Leather Quality

In markets, 'jaldi' is often a sign of quality. If a seller emphasizes 'jaldi', they are telling you it's real leather, not plastic.

Tanween

In formal writing, if 'jaldi' is indefinite and in the accusative case (like 'I bought a leather belt'), it becomes 'jaldiyan' (جلدياً).

Dialect Variations

In some dialects, the 'j' might sound like 'zh' (French 'j'). The meaning remains the same, so focus on the 'l-d-i' part of the word.

The Jacket Link

Associate 'Jaldi' with 'Jacket'. A leather jacket is 'jaldi' and it protects your 'jald' (skin).

Expand the Family

Once you know 'jaldi', learn 'tajleed' (bookbinding). It's a great way to see how the root J-L-D expands into different industries.

Pharmacy Labels

Look for the word 'jaldi' on the back of any cream or lotion bottles you find in an Arabic pharmacy. It's a great real-world reading exercise.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Jaldi' as 'Jell-D'. If you put 'Jelly' on your 'Dermis' (skin), it becomes 'Jaldi'.

Association visuelle

Imagine a leather jacket (Jaldi) with a medical band-aid (Jaldi) on the sleeve to remember both meanings.

Word Web

Jald (Skin) Jaldiyya (Dermatology) Tajleed (Binding) Mujallad (Volume) Dabagha (Tanning) Marham (Ointment) Taph (Rash) Hassasiyya (Allergy)

Défi

Try to find 5 items in your house that are 'jaldi' and describe a 'jaldi' symptom you've had before in Arabic.

Origine du mot

From the Proto-Semitic root G-L-D, which refers to skin or hide. In Arabic, this root is very stable across thousands of years.

Sens originel : The outer covering of an animal or human, or the processed material made from it.

Semitic / Afroasiatic

Contexte culturel

When discussing 'jaldi' in a medical context, be sensitive to personal space and privacy, as skin issues can be private.

English speakers often confuse 'jaldi' with the Hindi word for 'quick'. In Arabic, it has nothing to do with speed.

The Tanneries of Fez (Chouara Tannery) Classical Arabic poetry describing 'Jald' (endurance) Medical textbooks by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) discussing skin conditions.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At the Pharmacy

أريد كريماً جلدياً.
هل هذا للاستعمال الجلدي؟
عندي حساسية جلدية.
هل هذا المرهم الجلدي قوي؟

At the Clothes Shop

هل هذا الحذاء جلدي؟
أبحث عن سترة جلدية.
هل الجلد طبيعي؟
أريد حزاماً جلدياً أسود.

At the Doctor

ظهر طفح جلدي مفاجئ.
أين قسم الجلدية؟
هل المرض الجلدي معدٍ؟
أحتاج فحصاً جلدياً.

In Biology Class

الجلد عضو جلدي واقٍ.
ندرس الطبقات الجلدية.
كيف يعمل التنفس الجلدي؟
المسام الجلدية تفرز العرق.

In the Souq (Market)

هذه صناعة جلدية يدوية.
الحقيبة الجلدية غالية.
هذا جلد طبيعي ممتاز.
توجد محلات جلدية كثيرة.

Amorces de conversation

"هل تفضل الأحذية الجلدية أم الرياضية؟"

"هل سبق لك أن زرت طبيب جلدية من قبل؟"

"ما رأيك في جودة المنتجات الجلدية في هذا السوق؟"

"كيف تحمي نفسك من الحروق الجلدية في الصيف؟"

"هل تعتقد أن الملابس الجلدية مناسبة لهذا الجو؟"

Sujets d'écriture

اكتب عن تجربة اشتريت فيها منتجاً جلدياً وكان ذا جودة عالية.

صف شعورك عندما أصبت بطفح جلدي أو حساسية وكيف عالجتها.

تحدث عن أهمية العناية الجلدية في روتينك اليومي.

قارن بين الجلد الطبيعي والجلد الصناعي من حيث المتانة.

تخيل أنك طبيب جلدية، ما هي النصائح التي ستقدمها لمرضاك؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, 'jaldi' means 'dermal' or 'related to skin/leather' in Arabic. The word for 'fast' in Arabic is 'sari' (سريع). The confusion often comes from the Hindi/Urdu word 'jaldi' which does mean fast.

Use 'jaldiyya' when the noun it describes is feminine (like 'haqiba' - bag) or when describing a non-human plural (like 'amrad' - diseases). For example: 'amrad jaldiyya' (skin diseases).

Usually, 'bashara' is used for skin tone and complexion. 'Jaldi' is more for the physical material or medical conditions. For skin tone, you would say 'lawn al-bashara'.

Yes, 'jaldi' can describe animal hides or products made from them, like a 'jaldi' rug or 'jaldi' drumhead. It is the standard adjective for leather materials.

The most common way is 'Tabeeb Jaldiyya' (طبيب جلدية) or 'Tabeeb Amrad Jaldiyya'. You can also say 'Tabeeb al-Jild'.

Yes, it is very common, especially in medical, fashion, and shopping contexts. You will see it on product labels and clinic signs throughout the Arab world.

The root is J-L-D (ج-ل-د), which is associated with skin, leather, and lashing. It is a very old and foundational root in Semitic languages.

Yes, it can describe something 'leathery' in texture, like old paper or a person's weathered face. It can also relate to 'thickness' of character (thick-skinned).

'Jald' is the noun (skin/leather). 'Jaldi' is the adjective (dermal/leathery). You use 'jald' as the subject and 'jaldi' to describe a subject.

'Jaldi' is neutral to formal. In very informal speech, people might just use the noun 'jald' to describe materials, but 'jaldi' is always correct and more precise.

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