A1 · Débutant Chapitre 2

Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links

6 Règles totales
62 exemples
6 min
Règles dans ce chapitre Pratique rapide

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the basics of counting, scheduling, and connecting your Spanish thoughts with confidence.

  • Count fluently from zero to one hundred.
  • Identify days, months, and tell time accurately.
  • Use connectors to build complex, descriptive sentences.
Connect your world, one number and word at a time.

Ce que tu vas apprendre

Hey friend! Ready to really kickstart your Spanish journey? This chapter is a huge leap forward for you! Don't worry, we'll learn step by step together and have a blast. In this chapter, you'll learn how to count from zero to one hundred in Spanish! Ordering food at a restaurant, asking someone's age, or understanding prices will be easy for you. Once you've learned the first 15 basic numbers, you'll see how easily the rest connect with a simple 'y'. You won't get tired of counting! Next, we'll move on to days and months. How do you say 'Monday' or 'July'? You'll learn that days and months in Spanish are all masculine, written in lowercase, and you'll need to use 'el'. This way, you can easily make plans or say when your birthday is. And now, the stars of this chapter! Essential connectors like 'en', 'de', 'a', 'con', 'para', 'por'. These are like glue that connects words and gives meaning to sentences; for example, how to say where something is or whose it is. Plus, 'a' and 'de' merge with 'el' to become 'al' and 'del', making speech flow more smoothly. Finally, you'll learn how to tell time precisely; using 'a las' for clock hours and 'en' for months and years. When this chapter is finished, you'll be able to: easily count from zero to one hundred, say dates and times, make plans, and use connectors to make your sentences much more beautiful and complete. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: count from 0-100 and use basic prepositions to describe time and location.

Guide du chapitre

Overview

Welcome, future Spanish speaker! You’re about to embark on a truly essential part of your A1 Spanish grammar journey. This chapter,
Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links,
is designed to give you the foundational tools to navigate everyday conversations with confidence.
Learning Spanish numbers from zero to one hundred will unlock a world of possibilities, from discussing prices at a market to sharing your age or understanding quantities. We’ll also dive into the Spanish days of the week and months of the year, enabling you to make plans and talk about important dates.
Beyond simple vocabulary, this chapter introduces you to the crucial Spanish connector words like en, de, a, con, para, and por. These are the glue of the language, helping you form more complex and meaningful sentences. You'll also master the handy Spanish contractions al and del, which make your speech flow more naturally.
Finally, we'll cover Spanish time prepositions so you can tell time and specify when events happen. By the end of this module, you'll not only count to 100 but also be able to express dates, times, and relationships between words, significantly boosting your conversational abilities in A1 Spanish. Let's make this fun and effective!

How This Grammar Works

Let's break down the core grammar elements you'll master in this exciting chapter. We’re building from the ground up, so each piece fits perfectly into your growing Spanish grammar knowledge base.
First up, Spanish Numbers (Los números) from 0 to 100. You'll start with the basics: cero (zero), uno (one), dos (two), and so on, up to quince (fifteen). The magic happens after that!
For numbers 16-29, many combine the tens with the units, often becoming one word, like dieciséis (sixteen) or veintiuno (twenty-one). From 30 onwards, it's simpler: you use the tens word, then y (and), then the unit. For example, treinta y cinco (thirty-five) or ochenta y dos (eighty-two).
And for 100, it's cien.
Next, we tackle Spanish Days of the Week (lunes, martes...) and Months of the Year in Spanish (los meses). A key rule here is that all days and months in Spanish are masculine and written in lowercase. You'll often use el before the day, like el lunes (on Monday) or el martes (on Tuesday).
Similarly, months are lowercase: enero (January), febrero (February), etc. You'll use en to specify a month, like en julio (in July).
Then come the Spanish Connector Words (en, de, a, con, para, por). These prepositions are vital for connecting ideas. En means 'in' or 'on' (en la mesa - on the table).
De means 'of' or 'from' (soy de España - I am from Spain). A means 'to' (voy a la tienda - I go to the store). Con means 'with' (con mis amigos - with my friends).
Para means 'for' (purpose/destination) (para ti - for you). Por means 'for' (reason/duration) (gracias por la ayuda - thanks for the help). These are crucial for forming clear sentences in A1 Spanish.
Finally, we have Spanish Contractions: To the and Of the (al, del) and Spanish Time Prepositions: At & In (a las, en). The contractions are straightforward: a + el always becomes al (voy al cine - I go to the cinema), and de + el always becomes del (el libro del profesor - the teacher's book). For telling time, you use a las for specific hours (a las tres - at three o'clock), while en is used for months or years (en 2024 - in 2024).
Mastering these will make your communication much more precise!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Yo tengo veinte y uno años.
✓ Correct:
Yo tengo veintiún años.
*Explanation:* For numbers 21-29, the tens and units are usually combined into one word, not separated by y. Also, uno changes to un before a masculine noun.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Mi cumpleaños es en Enero.
✓ Correct:
Mi cumpleaños es en enero.
*Explanation:* In Spanish, days of the week and months of the year are not capitalized unless they begin a sentence.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    El libro es de el estudiante.
✓ Correct:
El libro es del estudiante.
*Explanation:* When the preposition de is followed by the masculine definite article el, they must contract to form del. Similarly, a + el contracts to al.

Real Conversations

A

A

¿Cuántos años tienes? (How old are you?)
B

B

Yo tengo treinta y dos años. ¿Y tú? (I am thirty-two years old. And you?)
A

A

¿Cuándo es tu fiesta? (When is your party?)
B

B

Es el sábado, a las ocho de la noche. (It's on Saturday, at eight o'clock at night.)
A

A

¿De dónde eres? (Where are you from?)
B

B

Soy de México, pero vivo en España con mi familia. (I am from Mexico, but I live in Spain with my family.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do you ask

What day is it?
in Spanish?

You can ask

¿Qué día es hoy?
or
¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?
to inquire about the day or date.

Q

Are Spanish days and months always lowercase?

Yes, in A1 Spanish grammar and beyond, days of the week and months of the year are always written in lowercase unless they start a sentence.

Q

What's the main difference between por and para for an A1 learner?

For A1 Spanish, think of para as meaning for a destination or purpose (e.g., para la escuela - for school) and por as meaning for a reason or duration (e.g., por tres horas - for three hours).

Q

How do Spanish speakers typically refer to years?

Years are usually said as individual numbers or two-digit pairs, similar to English, but with mil for thousands. For example, 2024 is dos mil veinticuatro. You'd say «in 2024» as en dos mil veinticuatro.

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, numbers are everywhere – from giving your phone number (mi número de teléfono es...) to discussing prices in a market (¿Cuánto cuesta? - How much does it cost?). Dates are also very important for celebrations, holidays, and making plans with friends. Using el before days of the week, like el viernes (on Friday), is very common and expected.
When making plans, it’s polite to be precise with time using a las. Mastering these essential Spanish connector words like de and a will make your speech sound much more natural and less like you're translating directly from English.

Exemples clés (8)

1

Tengo veintiún años.

J'ai vingt et un ans.

Les nombres espagnols : de 0 à 100
2

La pizza cuesta quince euros.

La pizza coûte quinze euros.

Les nombres espagnols : de 0 à 100
3

Hoy es lunes.

Aujourd'hui, c'est lundi.

Les jours de la semaine en espagnol (lunes, martes...)
4

Tengo una cita el martes.

J'ai un rendez-vous mardi.

Les jours de la semaine en espagnol (lunes, martes...)
5

Mi cumpleaños es el 12 de octubre.

Mon anniversaire est le 12 octobre.

Les mois de l'année en espagnol (los meses)
6

Nos vemos en enero.

On se voit en janvier.

Les mois de l'année en espagnol (los meses)
7

Estoy `en` el bus ahora mismo.

Je suis dans le bus en ce moment.

Mots de liaison en espagnol (en, de, a, con, para, por)
8

Voy `al` concierto `de` Rosalía.

Je vais au concert de Rosalía.

Mots de liaison en espagnol (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Conseils et astuces (4)

🎯

Le 'T' de Soixante-Dix

Tu confonds 60 et 70 ? Pense que setenta a un 'T' comme le mot 'sept'. Sesenta a un 'S' comme 'six'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les nombres espagnols : de 0 à 100
⚠️

Le piège du "en"

Ne dis jamais en avec les jours. En lunes est une erreur que beaucoup font. Utilise toujours el ou los. Voy el lunes.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les jours de la semaine en espagnol (lunes, martes...)
⚠️

Le piège de la Majuscule

Ton correcteur automatique va vouloir mettre une majuscule aux mois. Résiste ! En espagnol, mayo s'écrit en minuscules. Me gusta mayo.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les mois de l'année en espagnol (los meses)
⚠️

Ne sépare jamais !

Tu ne diras jamais a el ou de el. C'est comme le ne...pas en français, tu dois les coller ensemble ! Voy al mercado (Je vais au marché).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Mots de liaison en espagnol (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Vocabulaire clé (6)

cero zero lunes Monday enero January con with al to the hora hour/time

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting for Coffee

Review Summary

  • veinte + y + uno = veintiuno
  • el + [day]
  • a las + [hour]

Erreurs courantes

In Spanish, 'a' + 'el' must combine to form 'al'. It is a mandatory contraction.

Wrong: Voy a el cine.
Correct: Voy al cine.

Days of the week require the article 'el' when used in a sentence context.

Wrong: Es lunes.
Correct: Es el lunes.

For 1:00, use 'la' because it is singular. Use 'las' for all other hours.

Wrong: A las una.
Correct: A la una.

Next Steps

You have done incredible work today! Keep practicing these connectors, and you will be speaking fluidly in no time.

Write your weekly schedule in Spanish

Continue to: Describing Your World

Pratique rapide (10)

Trouve l'erreur dans cette phrase.

Find and fix the mistake:

Estoy a mi casa ahora.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Estoy en mi casa ahora.
Tu utilises en pour une position statique (être 'à' ou 'dans' un lieu).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Mots de liaison en espagnol (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Complète la phrase avec la bonne préposition de mouvement.

Mañana voy ___ la playa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Tu utilises a pour indiquer un mouvement vers une destination.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Mots de liaison en espagnol (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Quelle phrase utilise correctement la contraction ?

Choisis la bonne option :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ella viene del parque.
Puisqu'elle vient DU parc, nous utilisons de + el = del.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contractions espagnoles : (al, del)

Remplis le blanc avec la contraction correcte.

Voy ___ (a + el) supermercado.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: al
En espagnol, a + el doit toujours se contracter en al.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contractions espagnoles : (al, del)

Complète la phrase avec la bonne préposition de temps.

El concierto empieza ___ las nueve.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
On utilise a las pour les heures précises.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prépositions de temps : À & En (a las, en)

Trouve et corrige l'erreur

Find and fix the mistake:

Mi mes favorito es Abril.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi mes favorito es abril.
Les mois ne doivent jamais prendre de majuscule, sauf s'ils commencent une phrase. C'est la règle d'or !

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les mois de l'année en espagnol (los meses)

Complète le blanc avec la forme correcte du nombre 21.

Hay ___ (21) estudiantes en la clase.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: veintiún
Devant un nom masculin comme estudiantes, veintiuno perd le 'o' et devient veintiún.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les nombres espagnols : de 0 à 100

Quelle phrase est correcte grammaticalement ?

Choisis la bonne option :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi cumpleaños es en agosto.
Les mois prennent toujours la préposition en en espagnol.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prépositions de temps : À & En (a las, en)

Trouve et corrige la faute.

Find and fix the mistake:

Trabajo en los martes.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Trabajo los martes.
N'utilise pas en avec les jours de la semaine. Los martes veut dire le mardi (ou on Tuesdays).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les jours de la semaine en espagnol (lunes, martes...)

Trouve et corrige l'erreur dans cette phrase.

Find and fix the mistake:

Te veo en las cinco de la tarde.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Te veo a las cinco de la tarde.
Tu ne peux pas utiliser en pour les heures. Ça doit être a las.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prépositions de temps : À & En (a las, en)

Score: /10

Questions fréquentes (6)

C'est pour que ça sonne mieux ! Devant un nom masculin, on enlève le 'o'. Par exemple :
Necesito veintiún dólares.
Non. En espagnol, on dit ciento cinco. Le 'y' est seulement pour les dizaines et les unités (31-99).
La plupart du temps, oui ! El sert à dire le ou les (comme on en anglais). Mais après le verbe ser (être), comme dans Hoy es lunes, tu n'as pas besoin de el. Hoy es lunes.
En espagnol, si l'accent tonique (l'endroit où tu appuies quand tu parles) est sur la troisième syllabe en partant de la fin (un mot esdrújula), il y a toujours un accent écrit. Mi-ér-co-les suit cette règle.
Non, les mois ne prennent généralement pas de majuscule en espagnol. Tu ne les majuscules que s'ils sont le premier mot d'une phrase, comme
Diciembre es frío
.
Tu utilises la préposition 'en'. Donc, 'En janvier' se dit en enero. Simple et direct !
Chapitre précédent
Naming People and Things
Chapitre suivant
Describing Your World
Retour à la feuille de route