A1 · 入门 章节 2

Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links

6 总规则
62 例句
6 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the basics of counting, scheduling, and connecting your Spanish thoughts with confidence.

  • Count fluently from zero to one hundred.
  • Identify days, months, and tell time accurately.
  • Use connectors to build complex, descriptive sentences.
Connect your world, one number and word at a time.

你将学到什么

Hey friend! Ready to really kickstart your Spanish journey? This chapter is a huge leap forward for you! Don't worry, we'll learn step by step together and have a blast. In this chapter, you'll learn how to count from zero to one hundred in Spanish! Ordering food at a restaurant, asking someone's age, or understanding prices will be easy for you. Once you've learned the first 15 basic numbers, you'll see how easily the rest connect with a simple 'y'. You won't get tired of counting! Next, we'll move on to days and months. How do you say 'Monday' or 'July'? You'll learn that days and months in Spanish are all masculine, written in lowercase, and you'll need to use 'el'. This way, you can easily make plans or say when your birthday is. And now, the stars of this chapter! Essential connectors like 'en', 'de', 'a', 'con', 'para', 'por'. These are like glue that connects words and gives meaning to sentences; for example, how to say where something is or whose it is. Plus, 'a' and 'de' merge with 'el' to become 'al' and 'del', making speech flow more smoothly. Finally, you'll learn how to tell time precisely; using 'a las' for clock hours and 'en' for months and years. When this chapter is finished, you'll be able to: easily count from zero to one hundred, say dates and times, make plans, and use connectors to make your sentences much more beautiful and complete. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: count from 0-100 and use basic prepositions to describe time and location.

章节指南

Overview

Welcome, future Spanish speaker! You’re about to embark on a truly essential part of your A1 Spanish grammar journey. This chapter,
Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links,
is designed to give you the foundational tools to navigate everyday conversations with confidence.
Learning Spanish numbers from zero to one hundred will unlock a world of possibilities, from discussing prices at a market to sharing your age or understanding quantities. We’ll also dive into the Spanish days of the week and months of the year, enabling you to make plans and talk about important dates.
Beyond simple vocabulary, this chapter introduces you to the crucial Spanish connector words like en, de, a, con, para, and por. These are the glue of the language, helping you form more complex and meaningful sentences. You'll also master the handy Spanish contractions al and del, which make your speech flow more naturally.
Finally, we'll cover Spanish time prepositions so you can tell time and specify when events happen. By the end of this module, you'll not only count to 100 but also be able to express dates, times, and relationships between words, significantly boosting your conversational abilities in A1 Spanish. Let's make this fun and effective!

How This Grammar Works

Let's break down the core grammar elements you'll master in this exciting chapter. We’re building from the ground up, so each piece fits perfectly into your growing Spanish grammar knowledge base.
First up, Spanish Numbers (Los números) from 0 to 100. You'll start with the basics: cero (zero), uno (one), dos (two), and so on, up to quince (fifteen). The magic happens after that!
For numbers 16-29, many combine the tens with the units, often becoming one word, like dieciséis (sixteen) or veintiuno (twenty-one). From 30 onwards, it's simpler: you use the tens word, then y (and), then the unit. For example, treinta y cinco (thirty-five) or ochenta y dos (eighty-two).
And for 100, it's cien.
Next, we tackle Spanish Days of the Week (lunes, martes...) and Months of the Year in Spanish (los meses). A key rule here is that all days and months in Spanish are masculine and written in lowercase. You'll often use el before the day, like el lunes (on Monday) or el martes (on Tuesday).
Similarly, months are lowercase: enero (January), febrero (February), etc. You'll use en to specify a month, like en julio (in July).
Then come the Spanish Connector Words (en, de, a, con, para, por). These prepositions are vital for connecting ideas. En means 'in' or 'on' (en la mesa - on the table).
De means 'of' or 'from' (soy de España - I am from Spain). A means 'to' (voy a la tienda - I go to the store). Con means 'with' (con mis amigos - with my friends).
Para means 'for' (purpose/destination) (para ti - for you). Por means 'for' (reason/duration) (gracias por la ayuda - thanks for the help). These are crucial for forming clear sentences in A1 Spanish.
Finally, we have Spanish Contractions: To the and Of the (al, del) and Spanish Time Prepositions: At & In (a las, en). The contractions are straightforward: a + el always becomes al (voy al cine - I go to the cinema), and de + el always becomes del (el libro del profesor - the teacher's book). For telling time, you use a las for specific hours (a las tres - at three o'clock), while en is used for months or years (en 2024 - in 2024).
Mastering these will make your communication much more precise!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Yo tengo veinte y uno años.
✓ Correct:
Yo tengo veintiún años.
*Explanation:* For numbers 21-29, the tens and units are usually combined into one word, not separated by y. Also, uno changes to un before a masculine noun.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Mi cumpleaños es en Enero.
✓ Correct:
Mi cumpleaños es en enero.
*Explanation:* In Spanish, days of the week and months of the year are not capitalized unless they begin a sentence.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    El libro es de el estudiante.
✓ Correct:
El libro es del estudiante.
*Explanation:* When the preposition de is followed by the masculine definite article el, they must contract to form del. Similarly, a + el contracts to al.

Real Conversations

A

A

¿Cuántos años tienes? (How old are you?)
B

B

Yo tengo treinta y dos años. ¿Y tú? (I am thirty-two years old. And you?)
A

A

¿Cuándo es tu fiesta? (When is your party?)
B

B

Es el sábado, a las ocho de la noche. (It's on Saturday, at eight o'clock at night.)
A

A

¿De dónde eres? (Where are you from?)
B

B

Soy de México, pero vivo en España con mi familia. (I am from Mexico, but I live in Spain with my family.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do you ask

What day is it?
in Spanish?

You can ask

¿Qué día es hoy?
or
¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?
to inquire about the day or date.

Q

Are Spanish days and months always lowercase?

Yes, in A1 Spanish grammar and beyond, days of the week and months of the year are always written in lowercase unless they start a sentence.

Q

What's the main difference between por and para for an A1 learner?

For A1 Spanish, think of para as meaning for a destination or purpose (e.g., para la escuela - for school) and por as meaning for a reason or duration (e.g., por tres horas - for three hours).

Q

How do Spanish speakers typically refer to years?

Years are usually said as individual numbers or two-digit pairs, similar to English, but with mil for thousands. For example, 2024 is dos mil veinticuatro. You'd say «in 2024» as en dos mil veinticuatro.

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, numbers are everywhere – from giving your phone number (mi número de teléfono es...) to discussing prices in a market (¿Cuánto cuesta? - How much does it cost?). Dates are also very important for celebrations, holidays, and making plans with friends. Using el before days of the week, like el viernes (on Friday), is very common and expected.
When making plans, it’s polite to be precise with time using a las. Mastering these essential Spanish connector words like de and a will make your speech sound much more natural and less like you're translating directly from English.

关键例句 (8)

1

Tengo veintiún años.

我二十一岁了。

西班牙语数字：0到100
2

La pizza cuesta quince euros.

这块披萨十五欧元。

西班牙语数字：0到100
3

Mi cumpleaños es el 12 de octubre.

My birthday is October 12th.

西班牙语中的月份 (los meses)
4

Nos vemos en enero.

See you in January.

西班牙语中的月份 (los meses)
5

Estoy `en` el bus ahora mismo.

I am on the bus right now.

西班牙语连接词：基本介词 (en, de, a, con, para, por)
6

Voy `al` concierto `de` Rosalía.

I'm going to Rosalía's concert.

西班牙语连接词：基本介词 (en, de, a, con, para, por)
7

Voy al gimnasio después del trabajo.

下班后我去健身房。

西班牙语缩略词：(al, del)
8

Mándame el link al chat de WhatsApp.

把链接发到 WhatsApp 聊天里。

西班牙语缩略词：(al, del)

技巧与窍门 (4)

🎯

用‘T’区分 70

分不清 60 和 70？记住 setenta (70) 里面有个 't'，就像英文的 'seven' 一样。
Mi abuelo tiene setenta años.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语数字：0到100
⚠️

“En”陷阱

千万别用 en 加上星期几！比如 en lunes 是个常见错误。永远用 el 或 los。例如： Voy el lunes.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语星期名称 (lunes, martes...)
💡

Lowercase Rule

Always write months in lowercase. It's the most common mistake.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语中的月份 (los meses)
💡

Contractions are key

Always contract 'a' and 'de' with 'el'. It makes you sound fluent immediately.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语连接词：基本介词 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

核心词汇 (6)

cero zero lunes Monday enero January con with al to the hora hour/time

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting for Coffee

Review Summary

  • veinte + y + uno = veintiuno
  • el + [day]
  • a las + [hour]

常见错误

In Spanish, 'a' + 'el' must combine to form 'al'. It is a mandatory contraction.

Wrong: Voy a el cine.
正确: Voy al cine.

Days of the week require the article 'el' when used in a sentence context.

Wrong: Es lunes.
正确: Es el lunes.

For 1:00, use 'la' because it is singular. Use 'las' for all other hours.

Wrong: A las una.
正确: A la una.

Next Steps

You have done incredible work today! Keep practicing these connectors, and you will be speaking fluidly in no time.

Write your weekly schedule in Spanish

Continue to: Describing Your World

快速练习 (10)

Fill in the blank.

Soy ___ México.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: de
Origin = de.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语连接词：基本介词 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Choose the correct option.

Mi cumpleaños es ___ mayo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: en
Months use 'en'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语时间介词：在……时间 (a las, en)

Choose the correct capitalization.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Months are lowercase.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语中的月份 (los meses)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Llego en las ocho.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Llego a las ocho.
Clock time needs 'a las'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语时间介词：在……时间 (a las, en)

Fill in the blank.

La clase es ___ las tres.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Clock time uses 'a'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语时间介词：在……时间 (a las, en)

找出并改正错误

Find and fix the mistake:

Trabajo en los martes.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Trabajo los martes.
不要用 'en' 加上星期几。'Los martes' 的意思是‘在周二’（复数）。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语星期名称 (lunes, martes...)

选择正确的句子（大小写）

Choose the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi día favorito es el viernes.
西班牙语中，星期几除非在一句话的开头，否则不用大写。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语星期名称 (lunes, martes...)

哪句话在语法上是正确的？

选择西语中 35 的正确写法：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: treinta y cinco
从 31 到 99 的数字都要写成三个独立的单词。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语数字：0到100

用数字 21 的正确形式填空。

Hay ___ (21) estudiantes en la clase.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: veintiún
在像 estudiantes 这样的阳性名词前，veintiuno 要去掉 'o' 变成 veintiún。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语数字：0到100

选择使用缩合词正确的句子。

哪个选项是对的：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ella viene del parque.
既然是“从”公园过来，就要用 de + el = del。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 西班牙语缩略词：(al, del)

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

为了读起来顺口！在阳性名词前，我们要去掉末尾的 'o'。比如：
veintiún dólares
。
不需要。在西语中我们直接说 ciento cinco。y 仅用于 31-99 之间的十位和个位。
大部分情况是的，el 表示“在……（星期几）”。但如果用 ser（是）动词，比如 Hoy es lunes（今天是星期一），就不需要冠词。
在西班牙语中，如果重音落在倒数第三个音节（esdrújula），就必须加重音符号。Mi-ér-co-les 就符合这个规则。
No, they are always lowercase unless they start a sentence.
They are all masculine nouns.
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