A1 · 초급 챕터 2

Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links

6 총 규칙
62 예문
6 분
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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the basics of counting, scheduling, and connecting your Spanish thoughts with confidence.

  • Count fluently from zero to one hundred.
  • Identify days, months, and tell time accurately.
  • Use connectors to build complex, descriptive sentences.
Connect your world, one number and word at a time.

배울 내용

Hey friend! Ready to really kickstart your Spanish journey? This chapter is a huge leap forward for you! Don't worry, we'll learn step by step together and have a blast. In this chapter, you'll learn how to count from zero to one hundred in Spanish! Ordering food at a restaurant, asking someone's age, or understanding prices will be easy for you. Once you've learned the first 15 basic numbers, you'll see how easily the rest connect with a simple 'y'. You won't get tired of counting! Next, we'll move on to days and months. How do you say 'Monday' or 'July'? You'll learn that days and months in Spanish are all masculine, written in lowercase, and you'll need to use 'el'. This way, you can easily make plans or say when your birthday is. And now, the stars of this chapter! Essential connectors like 'en', 'de', 'a', 'con', 'para', 'por'. These are like glue that connects words and gives meaning to sentences; for example, how to say where something is or whose it is. Plus, 'a' and 'de' merge with 'el' to become 'al' and 'del', making speech flow more smoothly. Finally, you'll learn how to tell time precisely; using 'a las' for clock hours and 'en' for months and years. When this chapter is finished, you'll be able to: easily count from zero to one hundred, say dates and times, make plans, and use connectors to make your sentences much more beautiful and complete. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: count from 0-100 and use basic prepositions to describe time and location.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Welcome, future Spanish speaker! You’re about to embark on a truly essential part of your A1 Spanish grammar journey. This chapter,
Numbers, Dates, and Essential Links,
is designed to give you the foundational tools to navigate everyday conversations with confidence.
Learning Spanish numbers from zero to one hundred will unlock a world of possibilities, from discussing prices at a market to sharing your age or understanding quantities. We’ll also dive into the Spanish days of the week and months of the year, enabling you to make plans and talk about important dates.
Beyond simple vocabulary, this chapter introduces you to the crucial Spanish connector words like en, de, a, con, para, and por. These are the glue of the language, helping you form more complex and meaningful sentences. You'll also master the handy Spanish contractions al and del, which make your speech flow more naturally.
Finally, we'll cover Spanish time prepositions so you can tell time and specify when events happen. By the end of this module, you'll not only count to 100 but also be able to express dates, times, and relationships between words, significantly boosting your conversational abilities in A1 Spanish. Let's make this fun and effective!

How This Grammar Works

Let's break down the core grammar elements you'll master in this exciting chapter. We’re building from the ground up, so each piece fits perfectly into your growing Spanish grammar knowledge base.
First up, Spanish Numbers (Los números) from 0 to 100. You'll start with the basics: cero (zero), uno (one), dos (two), and so on, up to quince (fifteen). The magic happens after that!
For numbers 16-29, many combine the tens with the units, often becoming one word, like dieciséis (sixteen) or veintiuno (twenty-one). From 30 onwards, it's simpler: you use the tens word, then y (and), then the unit. For example, treinta y cinco (thirty-five) or ochenta y dos (eighty-two).
And for 100, it's cien.
Next, we tackle Spanish Days of the Week (lunes, martes...) and Months of the Year in Spanish (los meses). A key rule here is that all days and months in Spanish are masculine and written in lowercase. You'll often use el before the day, like el lunes (on Monday) or el martes (on Tuesday).
Similarly, months are lowercase: enero (January), febrero (February), etc. You'll use en to specify a month, like en julio (in July).
Then come the Spanish Connector Words (en, de, a, con, para, por). These prepositions are vital for connecting ideas. En means 'in' or 'on' (en la mesa - on the table).
De means 'of' or 'from' (soy de España - I am from Spain). A means 'to' (voy a la tienda - I go to the store). Con means 'with' (con mis amigos - with my friends).
Para means 'for' (purpose/destination) (para ti - for you). Por means 'for' (reason/duration) (gracias por la ayuda - thanks for the help). These are crucial for forming clear sentences in A1 Spanish.
Finally, we have Spanish Contractions: To the and Of the (al, del) and Spanish Time Prepositions: At & In (a las, en). The contractions are straightforward: a + el always becomes al (voy al cine - I go to the cinema), and de + el always becomes del (el libro del profesor - the teacher's book). For telling time, you use a las for specific hours (a las tres - at three o'clock), while en is used for months or years (en 2024 - in 2024).
Mastering these will make your communication much more precise!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Yo tengo veinte y uno años.
✓ Correct:
Yo tengo veintiún años.
*Explanation:* For numbers 21-29, the tens and units are usually combined into one word, not separated by y. Also, uno changes to un before a masculine noun.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Mi cumpleaños es en Enero.
✓ Correct:
Mi cumpleaños es en enero.
*Explanation:* In Spanish, days of the week and months of the year are not capitalized unless they begin a sentence.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    El libro es de el estudiante.
✓ Correct:
El libro es del estudiante.
*Explanation:* When the preposition de is followed by the masculine definite article el, they must contract to form del. Similarly, a + el contracts to al.

Real Conversations

A

A

¿Cuántos años tienes? (How old are you?)
B

B

Yo tengo treinta y dos años. ¿Y tú? (I am thirty-two years old. And you?)
A

A

¿Cuándo es tu fiesta? (When is your party?)
B

B

Es el sábado, a las ocho de la noche. (It's on Saturday, at eight o'clock at night.)
A

A

¿De dónde eres? (Where are you from?)
B

B

Soy de México, pero vivo en España con mi familia. (I am from Mexico, but I live in Spain with my family.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do you ask

What day is it?
in Spanish?

You can ask

¿Qué día es hoy?
or
¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?
to inquire about the day or date.

Q

Are Spanish days and months always lowercase?

Yes, in A1 Spanish grammar and beyond, days of the week and months of the year are always written in lowercase unless they start a sentence.

Q

What's the main difference between por and para for an A1 learner?

For A1 Spanish, think of para as meaning for a destination or purpose (e.g., para la escuela - for school) and por as meaning for a reason or duration (e.g., por tres horas - for three hours).

Q

How do Spanish speakers typically refer to years?

Years are usually said as individual numbers or two-digit pairs, similar to English, but with mil for thousands. For example, 2024 is dos mil veinticuatro. You'd say «in 2024» as en dos mil veinticuatro.

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, numbers are everywhere – from giving your phone number (mi número de teléfono es...) to discussing prices in a market (¿Cuánto cuesta? - How much does it cost?). Dates are also very important for celebrations, holidays, and making plans with friends. Using el before days of the week, like el viernes (on Friday), is very common and expected.
When making plans, it’s polite to be precise with time using a las. Mastering these essential Spanish connector words like de and a will make your speech sound much more natural and less like you're translating directly from English.

주요 예문 (8)

1

Tengo veintiún años.

저는 스물한 살이에요.

스페인어 숫자: 0부터 100까지
2

La pizza cuesta quince euros.

피자는 15유로입니다.

스페인어 숫자: 0부터 100까지
3

Hoy es lunes.

오늘은 월요일이에요.

스페인어 요일 (lunes, martes...)
4

Tengo una cita el martes.

저는 화요일에 약속이 있어요.

스페인어 요일 (lunes, martes...)
5

Mi cumpleaños es el 12 de octubre.

제 생일은 10월 12일이에요.

스페인어의 달 (los meses)
6

Nos vemos en enero.

1월에 만나요.

스페인어의 달 (los meses)
7

Estoy `en` el bus ahora mismo.

나 지금 버스 안에 있어.

스페인어 연결어: 전치사 (en, de, a, con, para, por)
8

Voy `al` concierto `de` Rosalía.

나 로살리아 콘서트 갈 거야.

스페인어 연결어: 전치사 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

팁과 요령 (4)

🎯

70과 60, 헷갈리지 마세요!

60과 70이 헷갈린다고요? 'setenta'는 'seven'처럼 'ㅌ' 소리가 나고, 'sesenta'는 'six'처럼 'ㅅ' 소리가 난다고 생각하면 쉬워요. Sesenta y seis (66)처럼요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 숫자: 0부터 100까지
⚠️

'en' 함정 조심!

스페인어 요일 앞에는 'en'을 절대 쓰지 마세요. 영어의 'on Monday'처럼 'en lunes'라고 하면 틀려요. 항상 'el'이나 'los'를 써야 해요. Voy el lunes.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 요일 (lunes, martes...)
⚠️

대문자 함정

자동 고침 기능이 월 이름을 대문자로 바꾸려고 할 거예요. 싸우세요! 스페인어에서는 mayo처럼 소문자로 써요.
Mi cumpleaños es en mayo.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어의 달 (los meses)
⚠️

합쳐지는 걸 잊지 마세요!

친구가 a el 이라고 썼을 때, "안 돼! 이건 꼭 합쳐서 써야 해. 영어의 'shouldn't'처럼 말이야.« 하고 알려줄 때: »Nunca digas 'a el', siempre 'al'."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 연결어: 전치사 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

핵심 어휘 (6)

cero zero lunes Monday enero January con with al to the hora hour/time

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting for Coffee

Review Summary

  • veinte + y + uno = veintiuno
  • el + [day]
  • a las + [hour]

자주 하는 실수

In Spanish, 'a' + 'el' must combine to form 'al'. It is a mandatory contraction.

Wrong: Voy a el cine.
정답: Voy al cine.

Days of the week require the article 'el' when used in a sentence context.

Wrong: Es lunes.
정답: Es el lunes.

For 1:00, use 'la' because it is singular. Use 'las' for all other hours.

Wrong: A las una.
정답: A la una.

Next Steps

You have done incredible work today! Keep practicing these connectors, and you will be speaking fluidly in no time.

Write your weekly schedule in Spanish

Continue to: Describing Your World

빠른 연습 (10)

움직임을 나타내는 올바른 전치사를 빈칸에 채우세요.

Mañana voy ___ la playa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
목적지를 향한 움직임에는 a를 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 연결어: 전치사 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

Select the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi cumpleaños es en agosto.
월 앞에는 항상 전치사 'en'을 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 시간 전치사: ~에 (a las, en)

'5월 5일에'에 대한 문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

Choose the grammatically correct sentence for 'On May 5th':

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: El 5 de mayo
스페인어에서는 특정 날짜에 'on'을 말하기 위해 숫자 앞에 관사 'el'을 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어의 달 (los meses)

빈칸에 올바른 시간 전치사를 채우세요.

El concierto empieza ___ las nueve.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
시각(시간)에는 'a las'를 사용해요. 'en'은 월/계절에 쓰여요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 시간 전치사: ~에 (a las, en)

틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Mi mes favorito es Abril.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi mes favorito es abril.
월 이름은 문장 맨 앞에 오지 않는 한 대문자로 쓰면 안 돼요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어의 달 (los meses)

가격에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

La entrada cuesta veinte y cuatro euros.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: veinticuatro
20대 숫자는 항상 한 단어로 쓰여야 하며, 세 단어로 쓰지 않아요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 숫자: 0부터 100까지

빈칸에 올바른 축약형을 채우세요.

Voy ___ (a + el) supermercado.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: al
스페인어에서 a + el은 항상 al로 축약되어야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 축약형: (al, del)

이 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

El libro es de el profesor.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: El libro es del profesor.
de + el은 del로 축약되어야 해요. 분리해서 쓰는 것은 틀린 표현이에요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 축약형: (al, del)

알맞은 관사를 채워 넣으세요.

___ lunes empiezo mi nueva dieta.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: El
요일은 남성 명사이며, '~에'라는 뜻으로 'el'을 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 요일 (lunes, martes...)

어떤 문장이 축약형을 올바르게 사용했나요?

올바른 문장을 고르세요:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: El perro es del vecino.
de + el은 항상 del로 축약되어야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 연결어: 전치사 (en, de, a, con, para, por)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

발음을 부드럽게 하기 위해서예요! 남자 명사 앞에서는 'o'를 빼요. 예를 들어,
veintiún dólares
(21달러)처럼요.
아니요. 스페인어에서는 'ciento cinco'라고 말해요. 'y'는 십의 자리와 일의 자리 (31-99)를 연결할 때만 써요.
대부분은 그렇습니다. 'el'은 '~에'라는 뜻으로 사용해요. 하지만 'Hoy es lunes'처럼 동사 'ser' 뒤에는 관사가 필요 없어요.
스페인어에서 뒤에서 세 번째 음절에 강세가 오는 단어(esdrújula)는 항상 악센트 기호가 필요해요. Mi-ér-co-les가 이 규칙에 해당해요.
아니요, 보통 월 이름은 대문자로 쓰지 않아요. 문장 맨 앞에 올 때만 대문자로 써요. 예를 들어,
Diciembre es frío
처럼요.
전치사 'en'을 사용해요. 그래서 '1월에'는 en enero예요. 간단하죠!
이전 챕터
Naming People and Things
다음 챕터
Describing Your World
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