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A2 noun 10 min de lecture

بوستان

boostan
Exemples بوستان en 30 secondes
Explication بوستان in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'بوستان' (boostan) is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'park.' Learners at this stage should focus on recognizing the word in simple sentences and understanding its primary function as a place people visit. You will likely see it in the context of 'I go to the park' (Man be boostan miravam). The word is useful for practicing basic prepositions like 'dar' (in) and 'be' (to). At this level, don't worry about the literary history or the complex etymology. Just remember that it is a place with trees, grass, and flowers where people relax. You might also learn it alongside colors, such as 'Boostan-e sabz' (Green park). It is one of the essential 'place' nouns, like 'khaneh' (house) or 'madreseh' (school). Simple repetition and associating the word with a picture of a city park is the best strategy here. You should be able to answer basic questions like 'Where are you?' with 'Dar boostan' (In the park).
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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'بوستان' in more descriptive and social contexts. You can start naming specific parks using the Ezafe construction, such as 'Boostan-e Mellat' or 'Boostan-e Laleh.' You will learn to use adjectives to describe the park, such as 'bozorg' (big), 'ziba' (beautiful), or 'sholoogh' (crowded). At this stage, you should also be able to describe activities happening in the park using the present continuous or simple past tense. For example, 'Bacheha dar boostan bazi mikonand' (The children are playing in the park). You will also notice the difference between 'boostan' and 'park' in daily life—hearing 'park' in casual conversation but seeing 'boostan' on signs. This level is about building functional vocabulary around the park: benches (nimkat), trees (derakht), and flowers (gol). You should be able to suggest a trip to the park to a friend using the word 'boostan' and describe what you did there during the weekend.
At the B1 level, 'بوستان' takes on a more formal and structured role. You will encounter it in news articles about city improvements or environmental issues. You should be comfortable using it in more complex sentence structures, including subordinate clauses. For instance, 'Boostani ke dar nazdiki-ye khaneh-ye ma-st, kheyli ziba-st' (The park that is near our house is very beautiful). At this level, you are introduced to the cultural significance of the 'Persian Garden' and how 'boostan' fits into that. You might also start hearing about Saadi's 'Bustan' in a cultural context, even if you haven't read it yet. You will learn more specific vocabulary related to the park's environment, such as 'abyari' (irrigation) or 'mohite zist' (environment). Your ability to distinguish between 'boostan' and 'bagh' (private garden) should become clearer, and you can explain the difference in simple Persian.
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At the B2 level, you explore the nuances of 'بوستان' in professional and literary contexts. You can discuss the importance of 'boostanha' (parks) for urban health and psychological well-being. You will encounter the word in more sophisticated texts, perhaps discussing urban planning or the history of Iranian architecture. At this stage, you should understand the metaphorical use of the word in poetry and prose. For example, a collection of stories might be called a 'boostan' of tales. You can engage in debates about whether a city has enough 'faza-ye sabz' (green space) and use 'boostan' correctly in that discussion. You should also be familiar with compound words and related terms like 'golestan' and 'pardis' and be able to use them with precision. Your pronunciation should be natural, capturing the correct vowel length and stress.
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At the C1 level, 'بوستان' is understood in its full historical and literary glory. You will likely study excerpts from Saadi's 'Bustan,' analyzing the moral and ethical lessons presented in each 'Bāb' (chapter). You understand that the word represents a 'cultivated space'—not just of plants, but of the mind and soul. You can use the word in high-level academic writing or formal speeches. You might explore the etymology deeply, discussing how the 'scent' (bu) in 'boostan' relates to the Persian sensory experience of nature. You can appreciate the word's use in classical music lyrics (Tasnihs) and understand the deep nostalgia or longing often associated with the 'boostan' in Persian art. Your vocabulary is now rich enough to use synonyms and antonyms of 'boostan' to create varied and engaging prose.
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At the C2 level, 'بوستان' is a word you can manipulate with poetic mastery. You understand its deepest philosophical implications in Sufi literature, where the garden is a microcosm of the divine order. You can discuss the evolution of the term from Middle Persian to the modern day and its influence on other languages in the region. You are able to interpret complex metaphors where 'boostan' might represent the heart of the believer or the state of a flourishing kingdom. In a modern context, you can analyze the socio-political implications of naming public spaces 'boostan' and how it connects to national identity. You can speak about the word with the authority of a native scholar, recognizing its echoes in every corner of Persian culture, from the carpets on the floor to the most celebrated books in the library.
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Exemples

بوستان en 30 secondes

  • Boostan means a public park or garden.
  • It comes from 'bu' (scent) and 'stan' (place).
  • It is the formal word for 'park' in Iran.
  • It is also the title of a famous book by the poet Saadi.

The Persian word بوستان (pronounced 'boostān') is a beautiful and evocative term that translates literally to 'the place of fragrance' or 'the place of scents.' In modern, everyday usage, it refers to a public park, a large garden, or an orchard. However, its historical and cultural weight extends far beyond a mere patch of green grass in a city. To understand boostan, one must look at its linguistic roots: 'bu' (بو) meaning scent or smell, and the suffix '-stan' (ستان) meaning place or land. Historically, a boostan was a garden specifically cultivated for its aromatic flowers and fruit-bearing trees, distinguishing it from a 'bagh' (باغ), which might be more focused on utility or general greenery.

Linguistic Composition
The word is a classic example of Persian compounding. By joining 'bu' (scent) with the locative suffix '-stan', the language creates a sensory-spatial noun. It implies that the primary characteristic of this space is its olfactory delight.
Modern Urban Context
In contemporary Iran, you will see this word on official city signage. While the English loanword 'park' (پارک) is extremely common in casual conversation, 'boostan' is the formal, prestigious term used by municipalities. When a new public green space is inaugurated, it is almost always officially named 'Boostan-e [Name].'
Literary Weight
One cannot mention 'boostan' without referring to the 'Bustan of Saadi,' one of the most famous works of Persian literature. In this context, the 'garden' is a metaphor for a place of moral and spiritual cultivation. The word carries an air of refinement and classical beauty that 'park' lacks.

امروز عصر برای پیاده‌روی به بوستان ملت رفتیم.
This evening, we went to Mellat Park for a walk.

In a social sense, the boostan serves as the lungs of the city and the heart of social life. Especially in arid climates like much of the Iranian plateau, the presence of a managed green space with running water (jouy) and shade is a vital sanctuary. Families gather there for picnics, retirees play chess, and young people meet to talk. The word evokes a sense of shared public heritage and aesthetic pleasure. It is not just a facility; it is an experience of nature within the urban sprawl.

این بوستان پر از گل‌های محمدی است.
This garden is full of Damask roses.

Furthermore, the term distinguishes itself from 'Golestan' (place of flowers). While a Golestan is specifically about the blooms, a Boostan implies a broader variety of vegetation, including trees that provide shade and fruit. It is a more comprehensive ecological term. In the history of Persian architecture, the concept of the 'Chahar Bagh' (Four Gardens) often incorporates the elements of a boostan to create a terrestrial paradise.

سعدی در بوستان خود درس‌های اخلاقی می‌دهد.
Saadi gives moral lessons in his Bustan (Book of Orchards).

When using the word in a sentence, it functions as a standard noun. It can be modified by adjectives (e.g., boostan-e bozorg - large park) or used in the plural (boostanha). It is a versatile word that bridges the gap between the ancient poetic past and the modern municipal present. Whether you are discussing 13th-century literature or trying to find a place to jog in modern-day Isfahan, 'boostan' is your essential keyword.

Using بوستان in a sentence is relatively straightforward, but there are nuances regarding formality and prepositional use that can help you sound more native. Primarily, the word is used as a destination or a location. Because it is a formal term, it often appears in written Persian, official news, or polite speech. In very casual Tehran dialect, you might hear 'park' more often, but using 'boostan' is never wrong and often sounds more sophisticated.

As a Destination
When going to a park, use the preposition 'be' (به). For example: 'Man be boostan miravam' (I am going to the park). In spoken Persian, this often becomes 'Miram boostan.'
Describing the Park
To describe the park, use the Ezafe construction (adding a short 'e' sound to the end of the word). 'Boostan-e ziba' (Beautiful park) or 'Boostan-e koochak' (Small park).
Posession and Naming
When naming a specific park, the Ezafe is mandatory. 'Boostan-e Laleh' (Laleh Park). Note that in English, the name comes first, but in Persian, 'Boostan' comes first.

دولت در حال احداث یک بوستان جدید در مرکز شهر است.
The government is constructing a new park in the city center.

One important grammatical note is the pluralization. While 'boostanha' (بوستان‌ها) is the standard plural for parks, in classical literature, you might occasionally see 'boostanan,' though this is rare today. When talking about activities in the park, verbs like 'ghadam zadan' (to walk/stroll), 'neshastan' (to sit), and 'bazikardan' (to play) are your primary companions. For example, 'Bacheha dar boostan bazi mikonand' (The children are playing in the park).

آیا می‌خواهی عصر به بوستان برویم؟
Do you want to go to the park this evening?

In formal writing, 'boostan' is often used in metaphors. You might hear of a 'boostan-e marefat' (a garden of knowledge). This follows the tradition of Saadi and other poets who viewed organized green spaces as symbols of intellectual and spiritual order. When you use the word in this way, you are tapping into centuries of Persian philosophical thought.

این کتاب بوستانی از اشعار زیباست.
This book is a garden of beautiful poems.

Lastly, consider the compound words. 'Boostansara' (rare but exists) or 'Boostankar' (gardener, though 'baghban' is more common). By mastering 'boostan,' you open the door to a more formal and poetic register of the Persian language that is highly respected in social circles.

If you visit Iran, Tajikistan, or Afghanistan, you will encounter the word بوستان in several distinct environments. Its most common physical manifestation is on the large, blue or green municipal signs that mark the entrance to public parks. In cities like Tehran, Isfahan, and Shiraz, these 'boostans' are the primary recreational hubs. You will hear the word in news broadcasts regarding urban development, in weather reports discussing 'green spaces,' and in literature classes.

Public Announcements
Radio and TV announcers use 'boostan' when talking about public events. 'Jashnvareh dar boostan-e Goftegoo bargozar mishavad' (The festival is being held in Goftegoo Park).
Academic and Literary Circles
In schools, students memorize verses from Saadi's Bustan. Here, the word is spoken with reverence. Teachers will discuss the 'Bāb' (chapters) of the Bustan, reinforcing the word as a pillar of Persian identity.
Navigation and GPS
If you use a Persian GPS app like 'Neshan' or 'Balad,' the voice guidance will say 'Be samt-e boostan-e ... bepichid' (Turn towards ... park).

ایستگاه بعدی: بوستان مادر.
Next station: Madar Park. (Commonly heard on buses/metro).

Interestingly, while 'park' is the go-to word for 'let's go hang out,' 'boostan' is the word used when you want to sound precise or when you are referring to the physical location as a landmark. For instance, if you are giving directions to a taxi driver: 'Berid ta boostan-e sa'i' (Go as far as Sa'i Park). The driver understands 'boostan' as a definitive geographic marker.

در این بوستان، ورود حیوانات ممنوع است.
In this park, pets are not allowed. (Common sign text).

You will also hear it in the context of real estate. Real estate agents (Amlak) will list an apartment as having a 'view of the boostan' (cheshm-andaz-e boostan) to increase its value. This highlights the word's association with luxury, fresh air, and a higher quality of life. In summary, 'boostan' is the formal, visual, and literary face of the Persian park.

For English speakers learning Persian, the most common mistake is confusing بوستان with other similar words like bagh, golestan, or the loanword park. While they all relate to green spaces, their usage is context-specific. Another frequent error is related to the grammatical 'Ezafe' connection and the pronunciation of the 'u' sound.

Confusing Boostan with Bagh
A 'bagh' (باغ) is usually a private garden or an orchard for fruit production. If you call a public city park a 'bagh,' people will understand you, but it sounds slightly off. 'Boostan' is the correct term for public, designed recreational gardens.
The 'Park' vs. 'Boostan' Dilemma
Many students only learn 'park' because it's easy. However, if you're reading a map or official documents, 'park' might not appear. The mistake is ignoring 'boostan' and assuming 'park' is the only word. Use 'boostan' for formal writing and 'park' for casual chatting with friends.
Pronunciation of the 'oo'
Some learners pronounce it like 'bostan' (short o). It is a long 'oo' sound, like in 'boot.' Pronouncing it correctly as 'Boo-stān' is crucial for being understood.

اشتباه: من به باغ لاله می‌روم (وقتی منظورتان پارک عمومی است).
Mistake: I am going to Laleh 'Bagh' (When you mean the public park). Correct: Boostan-e Laleh.

Another mistake involves the word 'Golestan.' While Saadi wrote both the 'Bustan' and the 'Golestan,' they are different. A 'Golestan' is specifically a rose garden or flower garden. If you are in a park that is mostly trees and grass, 'boostan' is more accurate. Additionally, don't forget the 'n' at the end; some beginners drop it, making it sound like 'boostā,' which is incorrect.

اشتباه: بوستا خیلی بزرگ است.
Mistake: The 'Boosta' is very big. (Missing the final 'n').

Finally, watch out for the plural. Some learners try to use the Arabic plural 'basatin,' which exists in very old texts but is never used in modern Persian. Stick to 'boostanha.' Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Persian sound much more natural and educated.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms for nature and gardens. While بوستان is the standard for a public park, several other words offer different shades of meaning. Understanding these differences is key to achieving fluency and appreciating Persian poetry and urban design.

پارک (Park)
The most common informal synonym. It is used for everything from a small neighborhood playground to a large national park. If you're talking to a friend about meeting up, 'park' is the natural choice.
باغ (Bagh)
Generally refers to an enclosed, often private, garden or orchard. A 'bagh' often has a house inside it (Bagh-Vila) and is used for fruit production (Bagh-e miveh).
گلستان (Golestan)
Literally 'place of flowers.' It is more specific than boostan. While a boostan has trees and paths, a golestan is specifically focused on flowerbeds and ornamental blooms.
پردیس (Pardis)
An ancient word meaning an enclosed garden (the root of the English word 'Paradise'). Today, it is often used for university campuses or specific large-scale garden projects.

تفاوت بوستان و باغ در عمومی بودن آن است.
The difference between a 'boostan' and a 'bagh' is in its public nature.

When choosing between these words, consider the setting. If you are writing a formal letter or a poem, 'boostan' or 'golestan' adds a layer of beauty. If you are asking for directions to a playground, 'park' is more practical. In historical contexts, 'bagh' is the dominant term for the great royal gardens (like Bagh-e Fin in Kashan).

این گلستان زیباترین بخش این بوستان است.
This flower garden is the most beautiful part of this park.

Another word you might encounter is 'Faza-ye Sabz' (green space), which is a technical term used in urban planning. While a 'boostan' is a specific place, 'faza-ye sabz' refers to the general concept of greenery in a city. By knowing these distinctions, you can navigate both the physical and linguistic landscapes of Iran with ease.

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Exemples par niveau

1

این یک بوستان است.

This is a park.

Simple 'Subject + Noun + Verb' structure.

2

بوستان سبز است.

The park is green.

Adjective 'sabz' follows the noun.

3

من به بوستان می‌روم.

I go to the park.

Use of preposition 'be' (to).

4

بوستان بزرگ است.

The park is big.

Predicate adjective.

5

او در بوستان است.

He/She is in the park.

Use of preposition 'dar' (in).

6

ما بوستان را دوست داریم.

We like the park.

Direct object marker 'ra'.

7

در بوستان درخت هست.

There are trees in the park.

Existential 'hast' (there is).

8

بوستان کجاست؟

Where is the park?

Question word 'koja' (where).

1

امروز هوا در بوستان عالی است.

The weather in the park is excellent today.

Time adverb 'emrooz' at the start.

2

بچه‌ها در بوستان بازی می‌کنند.

The children are playing in the park.

Present continuous action.

3

من هر روز در بوستان قدم می‌زنم.

I walk in the park every day.

Habitual action with 'har rooz'.

4

بوستان لاله خیلی شلوغ است.

Laleh Park is very crowded.

Ezafe construction 'Boostan-e Laleh'.

5

آیا در این بوستان گل رز هست؟

Are there roses in this park?

Interrogative sentence.

6

ما در بوستان بستنی خوردیم.

We ate ice cream in the park.

Simple past tense.

7

این بوستان برای ورزش خوب است.

This park is good for exercise.

Prepositional phrase 'baraye varzesh'.

8

در بوستان نیمکت‌های زیادی وجود دارد.

There are many benches in the park.

Use of 'voojood darad' (exists/there are).

1

شهرداری بوستان جدیدی در این محله ساخت.

The municipality built a new park in this neighborhood.

Formal subject 'Shahrdari'.

2

بوستان‌ها نقش مهمی در کاهش آلودگی هوا دارند.

Parks play an important role in reducing air pollution.

Plural noun as subject.

3

وقتی به بوستان می‌روم، احساس آرامش می‌کنم.

When I go to the park, I feel relaxed.

Complex sentence with 'vaghti' (when).

4

این بوستان به خاطر گل‌های زیبایش معروف است.

This park is famous for its beautiful flowers.

Causal phrase 'be khatere'.

5

بسیاری از مردم آخر هفته را در بوستان می‌گذرانند.

Many people spend the weekend in the park.

Verb 'gozarandan' (to spend time).

6

آیا می‌دانید این بوستان چند سال قدمت دارد؟

Do you know how old this park is?

Indirect question.

7

بوستان سعدی یکی از زیباترین مکان‌های شیراز است.

Saadi Park is one of the most beautiful places in Shiraz.

Superlative 'zibatarin'.

8

در طراحی این بوستان از سبک ایرانی استفاده شده است.

Persian style has been used in the design of this park.

Passive voice construction.

1

توسعه‌ی بوستان‌های شهری باعث بهبود سلامت روان می‌شود.

The development of urban parks leads to improved mental health.

Abstract noun 'tose'e' (development).

2

بوستان نه تنها مکانی برای تفریح، بلکه فضایی برای آموزش است.

A park is not only a place for recreation, but also a space for education.

Correlative conjunction 'na tanha... balke'.

3

در این بوستان، گونه‌های مختلفی از پرندگان زندگی می‌کنند.

Various species of birds live in this park.

Scientific term 'gooneh-ha' (species).

4

معماران در تلاشند تا بوستان را با محیط زیست سازگار کنند.

Architects are trying to make the park compatible with the environment.

Infinitive phrase 'dar talashand ta'.

5

بوستان کتاب محلی برای مطالعه و تبادل اندیشه است.

The 'Book Park' is a place for reading and exchange of ideas.

Compound noun phrase.

6

حفاظت از منابع آبی در بوستان‌های مناطق خشک ضروری است.

Protecting water resources in parks of arid regions is essential.

Formal adjective 'zaroori' (essential).

7

این بوستان نمادی از پیوند انسان و طبیعت در قلب شهر است.

This park is a symbol of the link between man and nature in the heart of the city.

Metaphorical language.

8

جشنواره‌های فرهنگی متعددی در این بوستان برگزار می‌شود.

Numerous cultural festivals are held in this park.

Passive verb 'bargozar mishavad'.

1

سعدی در بوستان، مدینه‌ی فاضله‌ی خود را ترسیم می‌کند.

In the Bustan, Saadi portrays his utopia.

Literary analysis vocabulary.

2

واژه‌ی بوستان در ادبیات فارسی نماد نظم و تربیت اخلاقی است.

The word 'boostan' in Persian literature is a symbol of order and moral training.

Abstract symbolic meaning.

3

بوستان‌های تاریخی ایران، تجلی مفهوم بهشت بر روی زمین هستند.

Iran's historical gardens are the manifestation of the concept of paradise on earth.

High-level vocabulary 'tajalli' (manifestation).

4

ساختار بوستان بر اساس هندسه‌ی دقیق و جریان آب بنا شده است.

The structure of the 'boostan' is built based on precise geometry and water flow.

Technical architectural description.

5

در متون کلاسیک، بوستان محلی برای مکاشفه و خلوت عارفانه است.

In classical texts, the 'boostan' is a place for mystical revelation and solitude.

Sufi/Mystical context.

6

تغییر کاربری باغات به بوستان‌های عمومی، تحولی در حقوق شهروندی بود.

Changing the use of private gardens to public parks was a transformation in citizenship rights.

Socio-political terminology.

7

رایحه‌ی خوش در بوستان، یادآور اصل هستی و زیبایی مطلق است.

The pleasant scent in the garden is a reminder of the essence of existence and absolute beauty.

Philosophical phrasing.

8

بوستان در اندیشه‌ی ایرانی، مرزی میان آشفتگی بیابان و نظم انسانی است.

In Iranian thought, the 'boostan' is a boundary between the chaos of the desert and human order.

Conceptual contrast.

1

ژرفای حکمت سعدی در بوستان، فراتر از اندرزهای ساده‌ی اخلاقی است.

The depth of Saadi's wisdom in the Bustan goes beyond simple moral advice.

Nuanced literary criticism.

2

بوستان به مثابه‌ی یک متن، بازتاب‌دهنده‌ی جهان‌بینی عصر خویش است.

The Bustan, as a text, reflects the worldview of its era.

Academic 'be masabe-ye' (as a/in the role of).

3

واکاوی ریشه‌شناختی بوستان، پیوند ناگسستنی زبان و حس بویایی را فاش می‌کند.

The etymological analysis of 'boostan' reveals the unbreakable link between language and the sense of smell.

Linguistic jargon 'vakavi' (analysis).

4

در پارادایم شهرسازی نوین، بوستان به عنوان فضای حیاتی زیست‌محیطی تلقی می‌شود.

In the paradigm of modern urban planning, the park is considered a vital environmental space.

Advanced terminology 'paradigm'.

5

تقابل میان بوستان و گلستان در آثار سعدی، تفاوت میان عقل و عشق را تداعی می‌کند.

The contrast between Bustan and Golestan in Saadi's works evokes the difference between reason and love.

Deep metaphorical interpretation.

6

استعاره‌ی بوستان در شعر معاصر، گاه به معنای وطنی است که از دست رفته است.

The metaphor of the 'boostan' in contemporary poetry sometimes means a lost homeland.

Modern literary symbolism.

7

حفظ میراث بوستان‌های تاریخی، مستلزم درک عمیق از فلسفه‌ی باغ‌سازی ایرانی است.

Preserving the heritage of historical gardens requires a deep understanding of the philosophy of Iranian gardening.

Formal requirement 'mostalzem-e' (requires).

8

بوستان، در غایت خود، تلاشی برای بازآفرینی بهشت گمشده در کالبد زمین است.

The 'boostan', in its ultimate goal, is an attempt to recreate the lost paradise within the body of the earth.

Existential/Metaphysical conclusion.

Collocations courantes

بوستان شهری
احداث بوستان
نام بوستان
ورودی بوستان
بوستان و گلستان
نگهداری از بوستان
بوستان سرسبز
طراحی بوستان
آبیاری بوستان
بوستان محلی

Phrases Courantes

بوستان و بارگاه

— A grand garden and palace; implies luxury.

پادشاه بوستان و بارگاه بزرگی داشت.

رفتن به بوستان

— Simply going to the park.

بیا عصر بریم به بوستان.

بوستان معنوی

— A spiritual garden or place of inner peace.

نماز بوستان معنوی مؤمن است.

در دل بوستان

— In the heart/middle of the park.

کتابخانه‌ای در دل بوستان قرار دارد.

بوستان میوه

— An orchard (less common than Bagh-e Miveh).

این بوستان میوه پر از سیب است.

قدم زدن در بوستان

— Strolling in the park.

قدم زدن در بوستان لذت‌بخش است.

بوستان بانوان

— Women-only park (common in Iran).

او به بوستان بانوان رفت.

بوستان ساحلی

— A riverside or seaside park.

بوستان ساحلی اهواز بسیار معروف است.

بوستان بازی

— Playground area within a park.

بچه‌ها در بوستان بازی هستند.

نقشه‌ی بوستان

— The park map.

نقشه‌ی بوستان را نگاه کن.

Expressions idiomatiques

"بوستان معرفت"

— The garden of knowledge. Refers to a place or book of great wisdom.

این کلاس درس، بوستان معرفت است.

Literary
"بوستان خیال"

— The garden of imagination. Refers to one's inner thoughts and fantasies.

او در بوستان خیال خود غرق شده بود.

Poetic
"گل از بوستان چید"
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