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A2 noun #2,500 le plus courant 4 min de lecture

تبریک

tabrik
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces تبریک en 30 secondes
Explication تبریک in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'Tabrik' is introduced as a simple exclamation. Learners should treat it like 'Hello' or 'Thank you'. It is a one-word tool to show politeness. You might hear 'Tabrik!' when you tell your teacher you finished your homework. At this stage, don't worry about complex grammar; just know that 'Tabrik' means something good happened and you are happy about it. It is often taught alongside 'Mobarak' in the context of 'Tavalodat Mobarak' (Happy Birthday). The focus is on recognition and basic social etiquette.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'Tabrik' in short sentences. You learn the compound verb 'Tabrik goftan'. You can now say 'Tabrik migam' (I say congratulations). You start to distinguish between formal and informal situations. You learn to use it for specific holidays like Nowruz or Yalda. You also learn the basic preposition 'be' (to), as in 'Be shoma tabrik migam'. This level focuses on the functional use of the word in daily life and basic social interactions.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with the object marker 'ra' in conjunction with 'Tabrik'. You can form complete sentences like 'Mofaghghiyat-e shoma ra tabrik migam'. You also start to recognize the formal version 'Tabrik arz mikonam'. You understand the cultural context of when to use it versus when to use 'Afarin'. You can write a short message on a greeting card using appropriate adjectives like 'samimane' (sincere). Your usage becomes more fluid and grammatically accurate.
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At the B2 level, you explore the nuances between 'Tabrik', 'Tahniat', and 'Shadbash'. You understand that 'Tabrik' is the standard, while 'Tahniat' is for formal writing. You can use the word in professional contexts, such as congratulating a colleague on a promotion or a business partner on a successful deal. You are aware of the 'Ta'arof' involved—how to respond to a 'Tabrik' with humility (e.g., 'Lotf darid'). You can also use it in the plural 'Tabrikat' to express multiple or collective congratulations.
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At the C1 level, you master the idiomatic and literary uses of 'Tabrik'. You can analyze its presence in classical and modern Persian literature. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Arabic root to its current Persian usage. You can use complex sentence structures, such as 'Lazem midanam in pirouzi-ye bozorg ra be tamami-ye dast-andar-karan tabrik va tahniat arz namayam'. You recognize the subtle emotional weight the word carries in different social strata and can adapt your register perfectly.
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At the C2 level, your command of 'Tabrik' is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can engage in deep discussions about the etymology and the sociolinguistic implications of 'Tabrik' in Iranian society. You can use it ironically, poetically, or with extreme formal precision. You understand the nuances of 'Shadbash' in regional dialects and historical contexts. You can craft sophisticated congratulatory speeches that weave 'Tabrik' into a broader tapestry of cultural and spiritual blessings.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

تبریک en 30 secondes

  • Tabrik means 'Congratulations' in Persian.
  • It comes from the Arabic root for 'blessing'.
  • Commonly used as 'Tabrik migam' (I congratulate).
  • Essential for birthdays, weddings, and Nowruz.

The Persian word تبریک (Tabrik) is a cornerstone of social interaction in Iranian culture. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'congratulations' or 'felicitation.' However, its roots dive deep into the concept of 'Barakah' (blessing), implying that by congratulating someone, you are invoking a sense of divine or spiritual increase and prosperity upon their achievement. In the Persian linguistic landscape, it functions primarily as a noun, often paired with the light verb 'goftan' (to say) or 'arz kardan' (to offer/present) to form the act of congratulating.

Etymological Root
Derived from the Arabic root B-R-K (ب-ر-ک), which relates to a camel kneeling down (stability) and a pool of water (abundance). In Persian, it has evolved to signify the formal acknowledgement of success.
Social Function
It serves as a social lubricant, essential for maintaining 'Ta'arof' and showing genuine or formal interest in the progress of others, whether in family, business, or academic circles.
Grammatical Role
Primarily a noun. It cannot stand alone as a verb but requires an auxiliary verb. In informal settings, 'Tabrik!' is used as an interjection.

«با کمال مسرت، موفقیت شما را تبریک می‌گویم.»

— Formal congratulatory phrase used in professional correspondence.

Understanding 'Tabrik' requires recognizing the difference between a simple 'Good job' and a formal 'Congratulation'. While 'Afarin' (Bravo) is used for small tasks, 'Tabrik' is reserved for milestones like weddings (Ezdevaj), births (Tavalod), or graduations (Faregh-ot-tahsili). It is the bridge between personal joy and communal recognition.

«تولدتان را صمیمانه تبریک عرض می‌کنم.»

Register Variance
Informal: Tabrik migam. Formal: Tabrik arz mikonam. Written: Tabrikat-e samimane.

Using تبریک correctly involves mastering the compound verb structures. The most common way to express congratulations is by using the verb goftan (to say). However, the prepositional usage is where many learners stumble. In Persian, you congratulate 'to' someone 'for' something, or you congratulate 'the something' to someone.

  • Standard Structure: [Event] + را + به + [Person] + تبریک گفتن
  • Example: عید را به شما تبریک می‌گویم (I congratulate the Eid to you).

«موفقیت شما در امتحان را تبریک می‌گوییم.»

In highly formal settings, such as diplomatic letters or formal speeches, the verb arz kardan is preferred. This verb literally means 'to petition' or 'to present humbly', which adds a layer of respect (Ehteram) toward the recipient. This is a key part of the 'Ta'arof' system where the speaker lowers their own status to elevate the listener.

Common Collocations
Tabrik-e samimane (Sincere congratulations)
Tabrik-e garm (Warm congratulations)
Tabrik-e vizheh (Special congratulations)

You will encounter تبریک in various spheres of Iranian life. On television, news anchors frequently use it during national holidays like Nowruz or after sports victories. In the digital world, social media platforms like Instagram and Telegram are flooded with 'Tabrik' posts during the Persian New Year or religious festivals.

«قهرمانی تیم ملی را به همه ایرانیان تبریک عرض می‌کنیم.»

— Typical sports broadcast announcement.

In family gatherings, it is the standard response to news of an engagement (Namzadi) or a new job (Kar-e jadid). It is often shouted enthusiastically: 'Tabrik! Tabrik!'. You will also see it on greeting cards (Kart-e Tabrik) and banners hung across streets to celebrate local achievements or religious milestones.

The most frequent mistake for English speakers is the direct translation of 'Congratulations on...'. In English, we use 'on', but in Persian, we use the object marker را (ra) for the event and the preposition به (be) for the person.

  • ❌ تبریک برای تولدت (Tabrik baraye tavalodat) - While understood, it sounds non-native.
  • ✅ تولدت را تبریک می‌گویم (Tavalodat ra tabrik migam) - Correct structure.

Another mistake is confusing تبریک with مبارک (Mobarak). While related, 'Mobarak' is an adjective meaning 'blessed' (e.g., Eid-e shoma mobarak), whereas 'Tabrik' is the noun for the act of congratulating. You say 'Tabrik migam' but you say 'Mobarak bashad'.

«اشتباه رایج: استفاده از تبریک به جای مبارک در جملات کوتاه.»

Persian has several synonyms for 'Tabrik', each with its own nuance and level of formality. Understanding these helps in achieving a more native-like vocabulary.

تهنیت (Tahniat)
A very formal, Arabic-rooted synonym often used in official statements and literature. It is frequently paired with 'Tabrik' as a rhythmic doublet: 'Tabrik va Tahniat'.
شادباش (Shadbash)
A pure Persian (Pahlavi-rooted) word. It feels more poetic and authentic to some speakers. It is also used to refer to the money thrown at dancers during a wedding.
خجسته (Khojasteh)
An adjective meaning 'auspicious' or 'blessed'. Often used to describe the occasion itself rather than the act of congratulating.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Compound Verbs

Object Marker 'Ra'

Preposition 'Be'

Formal vs Informal Verbs

Ezāfe Construction

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Exemples par niveau

1

تبریک!

Congratulations!

Interjection usage.

2

تولدت مبارک، تبریک می‌گویم.

Happy birthday, I congratulate you.

Basic compound verb.

3

تبریک برای خانه جدید.

Congratulations for the new house.

Informal prepositional use.

4

خیلی تبریک!

Many congratulations!

Adverbial intensifier.

5

تبریک، تو برنده شدی!

Congratulations, you won!

Simple sentence structure.

6

یک تبریک بزرگ!

A big congratulations!

Noun with adjective.

7

تبریک به تو.

Congratulations to you.

Preposition 'be'.

8

مامان، تبریک!

Mom, congratulations!

Vocative use.

1

من به شما تبریک می‌گویم.

I congratulate you.

Subject-Object-Verb.

2

عید نوروز را تبریک می‌گویم.

I congratulate the Nowruz holiday.

Use of 'ra' for the event.

3

آیا تبریک گفتی؟

Did you say congratulations?

Simple past question.

4

باید به او تبریک بگوییم.

We must congratulate him/her.

Modal verb 'bayad'.

5

تبریک من را بپذیر.

Accept my congratulations.

Imperative mood.

6

او به من تبریک گفت.

He congratulated me.

Third person singular past.

7

کارت تبریک خریدم.

I bought a greeting card.

Compound noun.

8

تبریک برای موفقیتت.

Congratulations for your success.

Colloquial 'baraye'.

1

موفقیت شما را در این پروژه تبریک می‌گویم.

I congratulate you on your success in this project.

Formal 'ra' usage.

2

صمیمانه به شما تبریک عرض می‌کنم.

I sincerely offer you my congratulations.

Adverb 'samimane' + 'arz kardan'.

3

همه به او تبریک گفتند.

Everyone congratulated him.

Plural subject with singular verb (collective).

4

این پیروزی بزرگ را تبریک می‌گوییم.

We congratulate this great victory.

First person plural.

5

او با خوشحالی تبریک گفت.

He congratulated with happiness.

Adverbial phrase 'ba khosh-hali'.

6

پیام تبریک شما را دریافت کردم.

I received your congratulatory message.

Noun phrase as object.

7

تبریک به مناسبت ازدواجتان.

Congratulations on the occasion of your marriage.

Phrase 'be monasebat-e'.

8

می‌خواهم به برادرم تبریک بگویم.

I want to congratulate my brother.

Infinitive structure.

1

انتصاب شما را به این مقام تبریک عرض می‌نمایم.

I congratulate you on your appointment to this position.

Highly formal 'arz namoodan'.

2

تبریکات صمیمانه مرا پذیرا باشید.

Please accept my sincere congratulations.

Plural 'Tabrikat' and formal imperative.

3

این موفقیت چشمگیر شایسته تبریک است.

This remarkable success is worthy of congratulations.

Adjective 'shayesteh'.

4

او با ارسال گلی، موفقیت مرا تبریک گفت.

He congratulated my success by sending flowers.

Gerund phrase 'ba ersal-e'.

5

تبریک گفتن به او وظیفه ماست.

Congratulating him is our duty.

Gerund as subject.

6

از طرف شرکت، این برد را تبریک می‌گویم.

On behalf of the company, I congratulate this win.

Phrase 'az taraf-e'.

7

او هیچ تبریکی به من نگفت.

He didn't say any congratulations to me.

Negative indefinite noun.

8

تبریکات گرم ما نثار شما باد.

May our warm congratulations be bestowed upon you.

Optative mood 'bad'.

1

مراتب تبریک و تهنیت خود را ابراز می‌دارم.

I express my levels of congratulations and felicitations.

Formal doublet 'tabrik va tahniat'.

2

دستاورد علمی شما مایه تبریک و افتخار است.

Your scientific achievement is a source of congratulation and pride.

Complex noun phrase 'maye-ye...'.

3

با کمال مسرت، این فرخنده میلاد را تبریک می‌گویم.

With utmost joy, I congratulate this auspicious birth.

Formal phrase 'ba kamal-e masarrat'.

4

تبریکات بی‌شائبه خود را تقدیم حضورتان می‌کنم.

I present my unadulterated congratulations to your presence.

Adjective 'bi-sha'ebeh'.

5

او در پیامی کوتاه، این موفقیت را تبریک گفت.

In a short message, he congratulated this success.

Prepositional phrase 'dar payami kootah'.

6

این پیروزی را به ملت شریف ایران تبریک می‌گوییم.

We congratulate the noble nation of Iran on this victory.

Political register.

7

تبریک گفتن در چنین شرایطی دشوار است.

Congratulating in such circumstances is difficult.

Abstract subject.

8

او با لحنی کنایه‌آمیز تبریک گفت.

He congratulated with an ironic tone.

Adverbial 'ba lahni...'.

1

خجسته باد این پیروزی که شایان صد تبریک است.

Blessed be this victory which is worthy of a hundred congratulations.

Archaic/Poetic structure.

2

تبریکات خالصانه ما را به مناسبت این رخداد میمون پذیرا باشید.

Please accept our sincere congratulations on the occasion of this auspicious event.

Formal adjective 'meymoon'.

3

او با طمانینه، مراتب تبریک خود را اعلام کرد.

With composure, he announced his congratulations.

Arabic loanword 'tamanineh'.

4

این موفقیت، تبریکی است بر همت والای شما.

This success is a congratulation upon your high resolve.

Metaphorical usage.

5

تبریکات وافره خود را نثار قدوم شما می‌کنم.

I bestow my abundant congratulations upon your arrival.

Hyper-formal 'nesar-e ghodoom'.

6

هر تبریکی در برابر این عظمت، ناچیز می‌نماید.

Every congratulation seems insignificant before this greatness.

Philosophical comparison.

7

او با قلمی رسا، این فتح را تبریک گفت.

With an eloquent pen, he congratulated this conquest.

Literary metaphor.

8

تبریکات قلبی ما همواره همراه شماست.

Our heartfelt congratulations are always with you.

Abstract possessive.

Collocations courantes

تبریک گفتن
تبریک عرض کردن
کارت تبریک
پیام تبریک
تبریک صمیمانه
تبریک ویژه
تبریک خشک و خالی
تبریک و تهنیت
ارسال تبریک
پذیرش تبریک

Phrases Courantes

تبریک می‌گویم
خیلی تبریک می‌گم
با کمال مسرت تبریک می‌گویم
عیدتان تبریک
موفقیتتان را تبریک می‌گویم
از صمیم قلب تبریک می‌گویم
تبریک عرض می‌کنم
هزاران تبریک
تبریک به شما و خانواده
تبریکات مرا بپذیرید

Souvent confondu avec

تبریک vs مبارک

Mobarak is an adjective (blessed), Tabrik is a noun (congratulation).

تبریک vs تسلیت

Tasliat is for condolences (sad events).

تبریک vs آفرین

Afarin is 'well done' for small tasks.

Expressions idiomatiques

"تبریک خشک و خالی"

— A hollow or perfunctory congratulation without a gift or genuine warmth.

"صد تبریک"

— A hundred congratulations (used for great emphasis).

"تبریکات نثار کردن"

— To shower someone with congratulations.

"جای تبریک دارد"

— It is worthy of congratulations.

"تبریک گفتن به خود"

— To congratulate oneself (often used ironically).

"در باغ تبریک نبودن"

— To not even be in the mood or position to congratulate (rare/slangy).

"تبریک باران کردن"

— To rain down congratulations on someone.

"دهان به تبریک گشودن"

— To open one's mouth to congratulate (literary).

"تبریک از دور"

— Congratulations from afar.

"تبریک به توان دو"

— Double congratulations (modern/slang).

Facile à confondre

تبریک vs

تبریک vs

تبریک vs

تبریک vs

تبریک vs

Structures de phrases

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Comment l'utiliser

note 1

Tabrik is a noun, not a verb.

note 2

Always use 'be' for the person being congratulated.

Erreurs courantes
  • Using 'Tabrik' for condolences.
  • Forgetting the 'ra' marker.
  • Using 'Tabrik' as a standalone verb.
  • Confusing 'Tabrik' with 'Mobarak' in sentences.
  • Using 'Tahniat' in casual conversation.

Astuces

Bring Sweets

When congratulating someone on a big event, bringing sweets is a great gesture.

Verb Pairing

Always pair 'Tabrik' with 'goftan' for a natural sound.

Eye Contact

Make eye contact when offering a 'Tabrik' to show sincerity.

Card Writing

Start a card with 'Tabrikat-e samimane-ye mara bepazirid'.

Use Arz Kardan

Use 'Arz mikonam' with your boss or elders.

Synonyms

Learn 'Shadbash' for a more poetic touch.

The 'R'

The 'r' in Tabrik is a slight tap, not a rolled 'r'.

Emojis

On social media, 'Tabrik' is often paired with 👏 or 🎉.

Intonation

Listen for the stress on the second syllable: tab-RIK.

Avoid 'Baraye'

Try to use 'ra' instead of 'baraye' in formal writing.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Tab' (like a tab in a browser) and 'Rik' (like rich). You open a new 'tab' to tell someone they are 'rich' in success.

Origine du mot

Arabic

Contexte culturel

Religious holidays (Eids) are the most common times for 'Tabrik'.

Always use 'Arz mikonam' with elders.

Congratulating someone is often the first step in a cycle of hospitality.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"شنیدم ازدواج کردی، تبریک می‌گم!"

"برای کار جدیدت تبریک می‌گم، خوشحالی؟"

"عیدت مبارک، به خانواده تبریک بگو."

"تبریک برای موفقیتت، کی شیرینی می‌دی؟"

"واقعاً جای تبریک دارد، چطور انجامش دادی؟"

Sujets d'écriture

آخرین باری که به کسی تبریک گفتی کی بود؟

چه حسی داری وقتی کسی به تو تبریک می‌گوید؟

یک نامه تبریک برای دوستت بنویس.

تفاوت تبریک و آفرین در چیست؟

در فرهنگ تو چگونه تبریک می‌گویند؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

The most common way is 'Tabrik migam'.

Yes, it has an Arabic root but is fully integrated into Persian.

No, never. Use 'Tasliat' for funerals.

The plural is 'Tabrikat'.

You can say 'Mamnoun' or 'Ghorban-e shoma'.

It can be both, depending on the verb you use with it.

It means 'Sincere congratulations'.

Yes, but 'Tavalodat ra tabrik migam' is more native.

No, 'Mobarak' means 'blessed'.

Only in very formal writing or speeches.

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