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A2 verb #650 le plus courant 3 min de lecture

出る

deru Top 650

Entraîne-toi Notes et astuces

§ Understanding 出る (deru)

You've learned that 出る (deru) means 'to exit,' 'to leave,' or 'to appear.' It's a fundamental verb, but Japanese has several words that can seem similar at first glance. Knowing the nuances will help you choose the right word every time.

Japanese Word: 出る (deru)

Definition: to exit, to leave, to appear

CEFR Level: A2

§ 出る (deru) vs. 出かける (dekakeru)

Both of these verbs involve leaving a place, but they have a key difference.

出る (deru): This is a more general verb for exiting or leaving. It can be used for things coming out (like steam or a product being released) or people leaving a specific location. It doesn't necessarily imply a destination or purpose, just the act of exiting.
出かける (dekakeru): This specifically means 'to go out' or 'to set out' with the intention of going somewhere. It implies a destination or a purpose for leaving your current location.

部屋を出る。(Heya o deru.)
Translation hint: I leave the room.

買い物に出かける。(Kaimono ni dekakeru.)
Translation hint: I'm going out to shop.

§ 出る (deru) vs. 始まる (hajimaru) for 'appearing' or 'starting'

While 出る can mean 'to appear' or 'to be released,' especially for things like new products or news, it's not the same as 'to start' an event.

出る (deru): When used for appearance, it implies something coming into view or being made available. For example, a new movie coming out.
始まる (hajimaru): This verb means 'to begin' or 'to start' an event, a class, a meeting, etc. It focuses on the commencement of an activity.

新しい本が出る。(Atarashii hon ga deru.)
Translation hint: A new book is coming out.

会議が3時に始まる。(Kaigi ga san-ji ni hajimaru.)
Translation hint: The meeting starts at 3.

§ Other common uses of 出る (deru)

出る is a versatile verb with many idiomatic uses. Here are a few to be aware of:

声が出る (koe ga deru): 'a voice comes out,' meaning 'to speak' or 'to utter a sound.'
熱が出る (netsu ga deru): 'a fever comes out,' meaning 'to have a fever.'
結果が出る (kekka ga deru): 'results come out,' meaning 'results are announced' or 'results are obtained.'
テレビに出る (terebi ni deru): 'to appear on TV.'

彼の声が大きすぎて、少し出すぎだ。(Kare no koe ga ookisugite, sukoshi desugi da.)
Translation hint: His voice was too loud, a little too much.

By understanding these differences, you can use 出る and its related verbs with greater precision and confidence. Keep practicing, and you'll master them in no time!

Astuces

Basic Meaning

「出る」 (deru) fundamentally means "to exit" or "to leave" a place. Think of it as moving out from somewhere.

Common Use: Exiting Places

You'll often hear it with locations. For example, 「家を出る」 (ie o deru) means "to leave the house".

Directional Particle 「を」

When 「出る」 indicates exiting a specific place, it usually takes the particle 「を」 (o) to mark the place being left. For instance, 「学校を出る」 (gakkō o deru) means "to leave school".

Meaning: To Appear/Emerge

Beyond just exiting, 「出る」 can also mean "to appear" or "to emerge." Imagine something coming into view.

Examples of "Appear"

For example, 「月が出る」 (tsuki ga deru) means "the moon appears" or "the moon comes out." 「答えが出る」 (kotae ga deru) means "the answer comes out" or "is found."

Opposite: 入る (Hairu)

The direct opposite of 「出る」 (to exit) is 「入る」 (hairu), meaning "to enter" or "to go in." Learning opposites helps solidify meaning.

Polite Form: 出ます (Demasu)

Remember the polite form for verbs ending in -ru is -masu. So, 「出る」 becomes 「出ます」 (demasu) in polite conversation. Use this in most everyday interactions.

Transitive vs. Intransitive

「出る」 is an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object (marked by 「を」) for the action of coming out. The thing that is exiting or appearing is the subject.

Past Tense: 出た (Deta)

To say something "exited" or "appeared" in the past, use the past tense form: 「出た」 (deta). For example, 「電車が出た」 (densha ga deta) means "the train left."

Don't confuse with 「出す」 (Dasu)

Be careful not to confuse 「出る」 (deru - to exit/appear, intransitive) with 「出す」 (dasu - to take out/put out, transitive). They look similar but have different roles.