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B1 noun #2,000 le plus courant 7 min de lecture

戦略

senryaku Top 2,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 戦略 en 30 secondes

Explication 戦略 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '戦略' (senryaku) is a very advanced word. You don't need to use it yet, but you might see it in video games. Think of it as a 'big plan' to win. If you play a game like Pokémon or a board game, your 'big plan' is your strategy. For example, 'My strategy is to use water moves.' In Japanese, you can say 'Watashi no senryaku' (My strategy). It is much bigger than a simple 'today's plan.' It is a plan for the whole game. You will mostly hear this word on TV or in games, so just remember it means 'a plan to win.'

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At the A2 level, you can start to understand '戦略' as a word used in business or sports. It is a noun. You might hear people say 'Senryaku o tateru,' which means 'to make a strategy.' It is used when people are serious about winning or succeeding. For example, if you are studying for the JLPT, your 'strategy' might be to study kanji every morning. This is a 'learning strategy.' It is more formal than 'keikaku' (plan). When you see this word, look for the kanji '戦' (war), which tells you it's about a 'battle' or 'competition.'

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '戦略' in professional or academic contexts. You understand that it refers to a long-term, high-level plan. You can distinguish it from 'keikaku' (a general plan) and 'senjutsu' (tactics). You might use it in a sentence like 'We need a new marketing strategy' (Atarashii māketingu senryaku ga hitsuyō da). You should also recognize the adjective 'senryaku-teki' (strategic). This level requires you to know that 'senryaku' involves thinking about the future and managing resources to overcome competitors.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '戦略' fluently in discussions about business, politics, and complex systems. You should know common collocations like 'senryaku o neru' (to refine a strategy) and 'senryaku-teki teikei' (strategic alliance). You understand the nuance that a strategy is a comprehensive framework. You can explain the difference between a 'growth strategy' (seichō senryaku) and a 'survival strategy' (seizon senryaku). You are also comfortable hearing this word in news reports about international relations or corporate mergers without needing a dictionary.

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At the C1 level, you grasp the philosophical and technical depths of '戦略.' You can discuss 'Game Theory' (gēmu riron) and how 'senryaku' is defined as a complete set of actions for every possible scenario. You understand the historical context of the word, including its roots in military classics like Sun Tzu. You can use the word metaphorically in literature or high-level debate. You recognize subtle variations like 'sakuryaku' (often negative) versus 'senryaku' (usually neutral/positive). Your usage is precise, distinguishing between 'macro-strategy' and 'micro-tactics' effortlessly.

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At the C2 level, '戦略' is a tool for sophisticated analysis. You can critique national-level 'senryaku' in areas like energy, defense, or economics. You understand the nuances of 'senryaku' in various schools of thought (e.g., Porter's Five Forces vs. Blue Ocean Strategy) and can discuss these in Japanese. You can use the word to describe complex interpersonal dynamics or psychological positioning. Your command of the word allows you to use it in puns, irony, or highly formal academic papers. You are aware of how the word's meaning has evolved in the Japanese corporate landscape over the decades.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

戦略 en 30 secondes

A long-term, high-level plan for success.
Used in business, sports, and military contexts.
Focuses on the 'big picture' rather than small steps.
Often paired with verbs like 'build' or 'refine'.

The Japanese word 戦略 (せんりゃく - senryaku) is a cornerstone of both historical military thought and modern professional life. At its core, it represents a high-level plan or a comprehensive method designed to achieve a long-term goal. Unlike a simple 'plan' (計画 - keikaku), a 戦略 implies a competitive environment where resources must be allocated efficiently against an opponent or a set of obstacles.

Etymology: The first kanji, 戦 (sen), means 'war' or 'battle.' The second kanji, 略 (ryaku), means 'abbreviation,' 'omission,' or 'plan.' Together, they literally translate to 'battle plan' or 'war scheme.'

企業の成長には、長期的な戦略が不可欠だ。(A long-term strategy is essential for corporate growth.)

In a business context, 戦略 refers to corporate strategy—how a company positions itself in the market. In sports, it refers to the overarching game plan. In personal development, it might refer to a 'learning strategy.' The nuance always points toward the 'big picture' rather than the minute-to-minute actions.

Scope: Macro-level planning, resource management, and competitive positioning.

彼はチェスの戦略に長けている。(He is skilled in chess strategy.)

Historically, the term was popularized through texts like Sun Tzu's 'The Art of War' (孫子の兵法). In modern Japan, you will see this word everywhere: from 'Growth Strategy' (成長戦略) discussed by the Prime Minister to 'Marketing Strategy' (マーケティング戦略) in a startup meeting. It carries a weight of seriousness and deliberate calculation.

Usage Note: It is almost always used as a noun, but can be turned into an adjective as 戦略的 (senryaku-teki) meaning 'strategic.'

これは戦略的な撤退だ。(This is a strategic retreat.)

Using 戦略 correctly requires understanding its collocations. It is not just a 'plan' you make for the weekend; it is a 'system' you develop for success. In Japanese, the verbs you pair with 戦略 change the nuance of the action significantly.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. 戦略を立てる (To make/set a strategy)
2. 戦略を練る (To refine/elaborate a strategy)
3. 戦略を練り直す (To rethink/revise a strategy)
4. 戦略を遂行する (To execute a strategy)

新しい市場に参入するための戦略を練っている。(We are refining a strategy to enter a new market.)

The adjective form 戦略的 (senryaku-teki) is incredibly common in formal writing and news. It describes actions taken not out of impulse, but as part of a larger design. For example, a 'strategic partnership' (戦略的提携) or a 'strategic mistake' (戦略的ミス).

Contextual Nuance: In gaming (especially E-sports or Board Games), players often discuss senryaku. In this context, it refers to the 'meta' or the overall approach to the match.

このゲームは、単なる反射神経よりも戦略が重要だ。(In this game, strategy is more important than mere reflexes.)

When discussing government policy, 戦略 is used to denote national-level goals. For instance, 'Energy Strategy' (エネルギー戦略) or 'Diplomatic Strategy' (外交戦略). It implies a long-term vision that spans years or decades.

Adverbial Use: By adding に (ni), you get 戦略的に (senryaku-teki ni), meaning 'strategically.' Example: Senryaku-teki ni kangaeru (To think strategically).

彼は戦略的に沈黙を守った。(He strategically remained silent.)

You will encounter 戦略 in various high-stakes environments. It is a word of the boardroom, the newsroom, and the locker room. Understanding where it appears helps you grasp its level of formality and its cultural weight.

1. Corporate Environments: Business meetings are the most common place. Terms like Keiei Senryaku (Management Strategy) or Hanbai Senryaku (Sales Strategy) are daily vocabulary for Japanese salarymen.

来期の販売戦略について話し合いましょう。(Let's discuss the sales strategy for the next term.)

In the news, especially on NHK or in the Nikkei Shimbun, 戦略 is used to describe geopolitical moves. You'll hear about 'National Security Strategy' (国家安全保障戦略) or 'Digital Strategy' (デジタル戦略). It signals that the topic is of national importance.

2. Competitive Gaming: Japan has a massive 'Simulation RPG' and 'Strategy Game' culture (often called Senryaku Shimyurēshon Gēmu). Players use this word to discuss character builds and map control.

最強の戦略をYouTubeで検索した。(I searched for the strongest strategy on YouTube.)

In academic settings, specifically in Economics or Political Science departments, 戦略 is used in Game Theory (ゲーム理論). Here, it refers to a complete plan of action for a player in a game, covering every possible contingency.

3. Personal Life: While less common in casual 'chat,' it is used when discussing exams (受験戦略 - exam strategy) or job hunting (就活戦略 - job hunting strategy).

第一志望に受かるための戦略が必要だ。(A strategy is needed to get into my first-choice school.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 戦略 is confusing it with its smaller sibling, Senjutsu (戦術 - Tactics), or the more general Keikaku (計画 - Plan). Understanding these boundaries is key to sounding like a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Strategy vs. Tactics: Using Senryaku for a small, immediate action. If you are talking about how to win a single point in a tennis match, that is Senjutsu. If you are talking about how to win the entire tournament, that is Senryaku.

❌ 今日のランチの戦略は何？ (Too heavy/formal for lunch.)
✅ 今日のランチの予定は何？ (Better: Yotei - Schedule/Plan.)

Another mistake is using 戦略 for something that doesn't involve competition or a clear goal. You wouldn't have a 'strategy' for taking a nap, unless that nap is part of a calculated effort to perform better in an exam later.

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Saku' (策): Saku is a 'measure' or a 'scheme.' It is often used for a single clever idea to solve a problem. Senryaku is the whole system of those ideas.

彼は万策尽きた。(He has exhausted all his measures/schemes.)

Finally, watch out for the pronunciation. Some learners confuse Senryaku with Senryoku (戦力 - Fighting strength/War potential). While related, Senryoku refers to the 'power' (like soldiers or money) you have, while Senryaku is how you 'use' that power.

Checklist: - Is it long-term? (Yes -> Senryaku)
- Is there competition? (Yes -> Senryaku)
- Is it a small step? (Yes -> Senjutsu)

Japanese has several words that overlap with 戦略. Choosing the right one shows a high level of linguistic nuance. Let's compare the most common ones.

1. 戦術 (Senjutsu): Tactics. The specific methods used to achieve a strategic goal. Strategy is the 'war,' tactics are the 'battle.'
2. 計画 (Keikaku): Plan. A general term for any sequence of intended actions. It doesn't necessarily imply competition or high-level resource management.
3. 方策 (Housaku): Policy/Measure. Often used in government or organizational contexts to describe a way to solve a specific problem.

経営戦略の一環として、新しい方策を導入した。(As part of the management strategy, we introduced new measures.)

Another word is Sakusen (作戦). While often translated as 'strategy' in military movies, in daily life it refers to a 'mission' or a 'specific operation.' It is more concrete and short-term than Senryaku.

4. 策略 (Sakuryaku): Scheme/Trickery. This word has a negative connotation. It implies using cunning or deceit to get what you want. Senryaku is usually neutral or positive.

彼は策略を巡らせてライバルを蹴落とした。(He used schemes to kick down his rivals.)

Finally, Kousou (構想) means 'concept' or 'grand design.' It is even more abstract than strategy, often used at the very beginning of a project before the strategy is even built.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

〜ための (For the purpose of)

〜を練る (Collocation)

〜的な (Adjective suffix)

〜に基づいて (Based on)

〜を図る (To aim for)

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Exemples par niveau

これは私の戦略です。

This is my strategy.

Simple Noun + desu structure.

いい戦略ですね。

That's a good strategy, isn't it?

Adjective + Noun + ne.

戦略を教えてください。

Please tell me the strategy.

Object + o + kudasai.

ゲームの戦略を読みます。

I read the game strategy.

Possessive 'no' used with strategy.

新しい戦略があります。

There is a new strategy.

Existence verb 'arimasu'.

戦略は大切です。

Strategy is important.

Topic marker 'wa'.

勝つための戦略です。

It's a strategy for winning.

Verb (dictionary form) + tame no + Noun.

戦略を考えます。

I will think of a strategy.

Object + o + verb.

チームの戦略を立てましょう。

Let's make a team strategy.

Volitional form 'mashō'.

彼は戦略的な人です。

He is a strategic person.

Adjectival form 'senryaku-teki'.

テストの戦略を練る。

To refine a strategy for the test.

Verb 'neru' (to refine).

どんな戦略がいいですか？

What kind of strategy is good?

Interrogative 'donna'.

販売戦略を変えました。

We changed the sales strategy.

Compound noun 'hanbai senryaku'.

戦略がうまくいった。

The strategy went well.

Subject marker 'ga' + adverbial phrase.

もっと強い戦略が必要です。

A stronger strategy is necessary.

Adjective 'tsuyoi' modifying noun.

戦略的に行動する。

To act strategically.

Adverbial form 'teki ni'.

経営戦略を見直す必要がある。

It is necessary to review the management strategy.

Noun + hitsuyō ga aru.

この戦略の目的は何ですか？

What is the purpose of this strategy?

Possessive 'no' + 'mokuteki'.

彼は市場戦略に詳しい。

He is well-versed in market strategy.

Topic + ni kuwashii.

戦略を立てるのに時間がかかる。

It takes time to build a strategy.

Verb + no ni (for the purpose of).

ライバルの戦略を分析する。

Analyze the rival's strategy.

Transitive verb 'bunseki suru'.

これは長期的な戦略だ。

This is a long-term strategy.

Adjective 'chōki-teki'.

戦略が失敗に終わった。

The strategy ended in failure.

Resultative 'ni owatta'.

独自の戦略を打ち出す。

To set forth a unique strategy.

Verb 'uchidasu'.

グローバル戦略を展開している。

We are expanding our global strategy.

Continuous form 'te iru'.

戦略的提携を結ぶことにした。

We decided to form a strategic alliance.

Decisional 'koto ni shita'.

成長戦略の柱となる事業だ。

This business is the pillar of our growth strategy.

Metaphorical 'hashira' (pillar).

相手の戦略を逆手に取る。

To turn the opponent's strategy against them.

Idiom 'sakate ni toru'.

出口戦略を検討している。

We are considering an exit strategy.

Compound 'deguchi senryaku'.

差別化戦略が成功の鍵だ。

Differentiation strategy is the key to success.

Metaphorical 'kagi' (key).

戦略の不備を指摘された。

The flaws in the strategy were pointed out.

Passive form 'shiteki sareta'.

コスト削減は戦略の一部だ。

Cost reduction is part of the strategy.

Part-whole relationship.

国家安全保障戦略を策定する。

To formulate a national security strategy.

Formal verb 'sakutei suru'.

彼の行動は極めて戦略的だ。

His actions are extremely strategic.

Adverb 'kiwamete' (extremely).

戦略的互恵関係を構築する。

Build a strategic relationship of mutual benefit.

Formal diplomatic term.

この決定は戦略的ミスだった。

This decision was a strategic mistake.

Noun modification.

戦略の転換を余儀なくされた。

We were forced to change our strategy.

Passive 'yogi naku sareta'.

多角的な戦略が求められている。

A multi-faceted strategy is required.

Passive 'motomerarete iru'.

経営陣は戦略の再構築を図った。

The management aimed to reconstruct the strategy.

Formal 'hakatta' (aimed/planned).

戦略的優位性を確保する。

To secure a strategic advantage.

Formal 'kakuho suru'.

地政学的な戦略眼が問われている。

Geopolitical strategic vision is being put to the test.

Abstract 'senryaku-gan' (strategic eye).

戦略のパラドックスに陥る。

To fall into a strategic paradox.

Complex conceptual phrase.

資源の最適配分こそが戦略の肝だ。

Optimal resource allocation is the very heart of strategy.

Emphasis 'koso' and 'kimo' (liver/heart).

戦略的曖昧さを維持する。

To maintain strategic ambiguity.

Diplomatic/Political term.

既存の戦略を瓦解させる。

To cause the existing strategy to collapse.

Literary verb 'gakai saseru'.

戦略的思考の欠如が露呈した。

A lack of strategic thinking was exposed.

Formal 'rotei shita'.

覇権を巡る戦略的競争が激化する。

Strategic competition for hegemony is intensifying.

High-level political vocabulary.

戦略的自律性を追求すべきだ。

Strategic autonomy should be pursued.

Formal 'suikyū subeki'.

Synonymes

作戦計略方策プラン策略

Antonymes

無策行き当たりばったり

Collocations courantes

戦略を立てる (Set a strategy)

戦略を練る (Refine a strategy)

戦略的提携 (Strategic alliance)

経営戦略 (Management strategy)

販売戦略 (Sales strategy)

成長戦略 (Growth strategy)

戦略的思考 (Strategic thinking)

国家戦略 (National strategy)

出口戦略 (Exit strategy)

差別化戦略 (Differentiation strategy)

Phrases Courantes

戦略の要 (The pivot of strategy)

戦略を転換する (To shift strategy)

戦略を遂行する (To execute strategy)

戦略が的中する (Strategy hits the mark)

戦略を誤る (To err in strategy)

戦略的ミス (Strategic mistake)

戦略的沈黙 (Strategic silence)

戦略の柱 (Pillar of strategy)

戦略を練り直す (Rethink strategy)

戦略を共有する (Share strategy)

Souvent confondu avec

戦略 vs 戦術 (Tactics)

戦略 vs 計画 (Plan)

戦略 vs 策略 (Scheme)

Expressions idiomatiques

"戦略を練る (To knead/refine a strategy)"

"戦略を立てる (To stand up/build a strategy)"

"戦略的撤退 (Strategic retreat)"

"戦略の肝 (The liver/heart of the strategy)"

"戦略を逆手に取る (Take the opponent's strategy in reverse)"

"戦略を巡らす (To devise/revolve a strategy)"

"戦略の枠組み (Framework of strategy)"

"戦略の要諦 (The secret/essence of strategy)"

"戦略を打ち出す (To launch/strike out a strategy)"

"戦略的優位 (Strategic advantage)"

Facile à confondre

戦略 vs 戦力

戦略 vs 占領

Structures de phrases

Famille de mots

Apparenté

戦術 (Tactics)

作戦 (Operation)

戦略家 (Strategist)

戦略的 (Strategic)

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Comment l'utiliser

nuance

Strategy is macro; tactics are micro.

formality

High. Used in serious contexts.

Erreurs courantes

Using it for non-competitive plans.
Confusing it with 'Senjutsu' (tactics).
Mispronouncing it as 'Senryoku'.
Using it in overly casual settings.
Thinking it's a verb on its own.

Astuces

War Plan

Remember 'Sen' (War) + 'Ryaku' (Plan).

Business

Use it in meetings to sound authoritative.

Adjective

Add 'teki' to make it 'strategic'.

History

Think of Samurai generals.

RPG

Look for it in strategy guides.

Tactics

Don't use it for small, single steps.

Formal

Use 'Sakutei' (formulate) with it.

Pitch

Keep the pitch flat (Heiban).

News

Key word in economic news.

C2 Nuance

Learn 'Senryaku-teki Aimaisa' (Strategic Ambiguity).

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Chinese classical military texts.

Contexte culturel

Sengoku period generals are the ultimate icons of 'Senryaku'.

Japanese companies often have a 'Senryaku-shitsu' (Strategy Office).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"あなたの勉強の戦略は何ですか？"

"このゲームの戦略を教えて。"

"新しいビジネス戦略についてどう思う？"

"勝つための戦略を立てよう。"

"戦略的な休みも必要だよね。"

Sujets d'écriture

今年の目標を達成するための戦略を書いてください。

過去に失敗した戦略は何ですか？

あなたが尊敬する戦略家は誰ですか？

人生における『戦略的』な決断について。

日本語学習の戦略を練り直しましょう。

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Senryaku is a high-level competitive plan; Keikaku is a general plan for any action.

It sounds too formal and cold. Use 'Puran' instead.

Usually neutral or positive. 'Sakuryaku' is the negative version.

Use 'Senryaku-teki'.

Tateru (make) or Neru (refine) are most common.

Yes, very often to describe the manager's game plan.

Deguchi Senryaku.

Yes, usually appears around N2 level.

No, it's a noun. You must add 'suru' or use a collocation.

An 'eye for strategy' or strategic vision.

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