Overview
The Polish word 'mokry' (pronounced MOH-krih) is an adjective meaning 'wet'. It's a fundamental word in Polish vocabulary, used to describe anything that is covered, soaked, or impregnated with liquid, typically water. Like all adjectives in Polish, 'mokry' inflects (changes its ending) to agree in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
**Gender:**
- Masculine: mokry (e.g., 'mokry pies' - a wet dog)
- Feminine: mokra (e.g., 'mokra trawa' - wet grass)
- Neuter: mokre (e.g., 'mokre ubranie' - wet clothing)
**Number:**
- Singular: mokry, mokra, mokre (as above)
- Plural (masculine personal): mokrzy (e.g., 'mokrzy chłopcy' - wet boys)
- Plural (non-masculine personal): mokre (e.g., 'mokre dziewczynki' - wet girls, 'mokre liście' - wet leaves)
**Case:**
The declension of 'mokry' follows the typical adjective patterns in Polish across all seven cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative, vocative). For instance, in the genitive masculine singular, it becomes 'mokrego' (e.g., 'zapach mokrego psa' - the smell of a wet dog). In the instrumental feminine singular, it's 'mokrą' (e.g., 'ręką mokrą od deszczu' - with a hand wet from the rain).
**Usage and Context:**
'Mokry' can be used literally to describe objects, surfaces, or living beings that are damp or saturated with liquid. For example:
- 'Po deszczu wszystko jest mokre.' (After the rain, everything is wet.)
- 'Nie dotykaj, farba jest mokra.' (Don't touch, the paint is wet.)
- 'Mam mokre włosy po prysznicu.' (I have wet hair after the shower.)
It can also be used in more nuanced or idiomatic expressions, though less frequently than in English with 'wet behind the ears'. A common related term is 'wilgotny', which means 'damp' or 'moist', suggesting a lesser degree of wetness than 'mokry'. For example, 'wilgotne powietrze' (humid air) vs. 'mokre powietrze' (air saturated with visible water, like mist).
Understanding the inflection of 'mokry' is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences in Polish, as its form must always harmonize with the noun it describes.
Exemples
Byłem cały mokry, bo zapomniałem parasola.
Describes being soaked by rain.I was all wet, because I forgot my umbrella.
Dziecko miało mokre pieluchy.
Refers to something absorbing liquid.The baby had wet diapers.
Wycierał mokre naczynia.
Describes something covered in water after washing.He was drying wet dishes.
Świeżo pomalowana ściana jest jeszcze mokra.
Refers to paint or other coatings that haven't dried yet.The freshly painted wall is still wet.
Po deszczu trawa była mokra od rosy.
Describes something covered in moisture from the environment.After the rain, the grass was wet with dew.
Collocations courantes
Souvent confondu avec
related to the sea
bark (of a tree)
Modèles grammaticaux
Comment l'utiliser
Notes d'usage
The primary usage of 'mokry' is as an adjective describing something saturated with water or another liquid. For example, 'mokre ubranie' (wet clothes) or 'mokra podłoga' (wet floor). It inflects according to gender and number, like most Polish adjectives: 'mokry' (masculine singular), 'mokra' (feminine singular), ''mokre' (neuter singular), 'mokrzy' (masculine plural animate), 'mokre' (non-masculine plural/masculine plural inanimate). Beyond its literal meaning, 'mokry' appears in several idiomatic expressions. 'Mokry sen' (wet dream) is a widely understood and frequently used phrase for a sexually explicit dream. 'Mokry pocałunek' (wet kiss) describes a kiss with excessive saliva. While not as common, 'mokra robota' (wet work) can, in slang, refer to a violent or bloody job, often associated with criminal activities. The phrase 'być mokrym od potu' means 'to be drenched in sweat.' When describing weather, 'mokry dzień' refers to a rainy day. The correct inflection and contextual understanding are key to using 'mokry' appropriately and naturally in Polish.
Erreurs courantes
Forgetting the masculine ending '-ry' and feminine '-ra', or neuter '-re'. For example, 'mokry pies' (wet dog - masculine), 'mokra chusta' (wet wipe - feminine), 'mokre ubranie' (wet clothing - neuter).
Astuces
Word Gender and Agreement
In Polish, adjectives like 'mokry' (wet) change their endings to agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe. For example, 'mokry pies' (wet dog - masculine), 'mokra suka' (wet bitch - feminine), 'mokre dziecko' (wet child - neuter).
Common Pitfalls with Adjective Endings
A common mistake for learners is not correctly matching the adjective ending to the noun. Pay close attention to the noun's gender and the case being used in the sentence. Using the wrong ending can make your sentence sound unnatural or even change its meaning.
Practice with Diverse Nouns
To master the use of 'mokry', practice forming phrases with nouns of different genders and in various cases. For instance: 'mokre ręczniki' (wet towels - non-masculine plural nominative), 'o mokrej podłodze' (about a wet floor - feminine singular locative), 'z mokrym ubraniem' (with wet clothes - neuter singular instrumental).
Origine du mot
From Proto-Slavic *mokrъ
Contexte culturel
In Poland, the word 'mokry' (wet) generally carries the same literal meaning as in English, referring to something covered or saturated with liquid. However, its usage can extend to more figurative or idiomatic expressions. For instance, 'mokry sen' directly translates to 'wet dream,' implying a dream with sexual content. It's a common, albeit informal, expression. The word 'mokry' can also be used in a slightly humorous or endearing way when referring to a young child who has wet themselves, though more direct and polite phrases are also available. In a more somber context, 'mokry grób' (wet grave) refers to a death at sea, where the body is not recovered for a traditional burial. The concept of 'mokry chleb' (wet bread) can sometimes refer to a life of hardship or poverty, where one's sustenance is meager and perhaps even soaked with tears. Understanding these nuances is crucial for grasping the full spectrum of 'mokry' in Polish culture.
Astuce mémo
Think of 'mokry' sounding a bit like 'mucky' which can be wet. Or, imagine a 'mop' making something 'mokry'.
Questions fréquentes
4 questions'Mokry' is a Polish adjective that directly translates to 'wet' in English. It's used to describe something that is covered or saturated with water or another liquid. For example, a 'mokry ręcznik' means a 'wet towel', and 'mokre włosy' refers to 'wet hair'. The word can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from describing the weather after rain to the state of an object that has come into contact with a liquid. Its usage is quite straightforward and aligns closely with the English equivalent, making it a fundamental word for describing everyday situations involving moisture.
As an adjective, 'mokry' declines according to gender, number, and case in Polish, just like other adjectives. For the masculine singular, it's 'mokry'. For feminine singular, it becomes 'mokra', and for neuter singular, it's 'mokre'. In the plural, the form changes based on the gender of the noun it modifies; for example, 'mokre' for non-masculine personal nouns and 'mokrzy' for masculine personal nouns. The endings will further change depending on the grammatical case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative, vocative). This declension is crucial for ensuring grammatical correctness in Polish sentences and is a standard feature of most adjectives in the language.
Yes, 'mokry' appears in several common Polish phrases and expressions. One notable example is 'mokra robota,' which literally translates to 'wet work' but is an idiom for a 'bloody job' or 'dirty work,' often implying something illegal or violent. Another common use might be in descriptive phrases like 'mokra pogoda' (wet weather) or 'mokry sen' (wet dream). While not as numerous as some other adjectives, its presence in these specific expressions highlights how the concept of 'wetness' can extend beyond a literal description into more figurative meanings within the Polish language, enriching its idiomatic landscape.
When looking for synonyms for 'mokry,' you might consider words like 'wilgotny' (damp, moist), 'zwilżony' (moistened), or 'przemoczony' (soaked, drenched), depending on the degree of wetness you want to convey. 'Wilgotny' suggests a lesser degree of wetness than 'mokry,' while 'przemoczony' implies being completely saturated. For antonyms, the most direct opposite is 'suchy' (dry). Other antonyms could include 'wysuszony' (dried out) or 'odwodniony' (dehydrated), which emphasize the absence of moisture. Understanding these related terms allows for more nuanced descriptions of the state of dryness or wetness in Polish, offering a broader vocabulary for various contexts.
Teste-toi
Deszcz sprawił, że trawa była ____.
Po kąpieli ręcznik był ____.
Dzieci wróciły ze spaceru z ____ butami.
Score : /3
Word Gender and Agreement
In Polish, adjectives like 'mokry' (wet) change their endings to agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe. For example, 'mokry pies' (wet dog - masculine), 'mokra suka' (wet bitch - feminine), 'mokre dziecko' (wet child - neuter).
Common Pitfalls with Adjective Endings
A common mistake for learners is not correctly matching the adjective ending to the noun. Pay close attention to the noun's gender and the case being used in the sentence. Using the wrong ending can make your sentence sound unnatural or even change its meaning.
Practice with Diverse Nouns
To master the use of 'mokry', practice forming phrases with nouns of different genders and in various cases. For instance: 'mokre ręczniki' (wet towels - non-masculine plural nominative), 'o mokrej podłodze' (about a wet floor - feminine singular locative), 'z mokrym ubraniem' (with wet clothes - neuter singular instrumental).
Exemples
5 sur 5Byłem cały mokry, bo zapomniałem parasola.
I was all wet, because I forgot my umbrella.
Dziecko miało mokre pieluchy.
The baby had wet diapers.
Wycierał mokre naczynia.
He was drying wet dishes.
Świeżo pomalowana ściana jest jeszcze mokra.
The freshly painted wall is still wet.
Po deszczu trawa była mokra od rosy.
After the rain, the grass was wet with dew.
