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B2 verb #2,000 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

开展

kaizhan
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 开展 en 30 secondes
Explication 开展 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '开展' (kāizhǎn) might be a bit advanced, but you can think of it as a 'big start.' While you usually use '开始' (kāishǐ) to say 'start,' '开展' is used when a group of people starts something special, like a school sports day or a big party. Imagine opening a big map or a big umbrella—that 'opening up' feeling is what '开展' is about. You won't use it for small things like starting a book, but you might hear it when a teacher says the school is starting a 'Clean the Classroom' week. It's a word for starting something that has many parts and involves many people. Just remember: '开始' is for everything, but '开展' is for big, organized activities.
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At the A2 level, you can start using '开展' (kāizhǎn) to describe organized activities. It is a verb that means 'to launch' or 'to carry out.' You will often see it with the word '活动' (huódòng - activity). For example, '开展活动' means 'to carry out an activity.' It is different from '开始' because it sounds more formal and organized. If you are talking about a company starting a new project or a school starting a competition, '开展' is a great word to use. It shows that the activity is planned. You can also use it with '比赛' (bǐsài - competition). When you use '开展,' people will think your Chinese sounds more professional and precise.
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At the B1 level, '开展' (kāizhǎn) becomes an essential word for describing professional and social processes. It means 'to develop,' 'to launch,' or 'to initiate.' The key at this level is to understand its collocations. You don't just 'start' a survey; you '开展调查' (kāizhǎn diàochá). You don't just 'do' work; you '开展工作' (kāizhǎn gōngzuò). It implies that the action is systematic and will unfold over a period of time. You will often see it in news headlines or hear it in office meetings. It's also used for 'opening up' a conversation or a discussion (开展讨论). At this stage, you should try to replace '开始' with '开展' when the context involves an organized effort or a formal project.
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At the B2 level, you should master the nuance of '开展' (kāizhǎn) as 'unfolding' or 'expanding.' It's not just about the beginning; it's about the execution and the scope. You should be able to use it with adverbs like '广泛' (guǎngfàn - extensively) or '深入' (shēnrù - in-depth). For example, '深入开展研究' (to carry out research in-depth). At this level, you must distinguish it clearly from '发展' (fāzhǎn - to develop/grow). Remember that '开展' is the action of initiating and conducting, while '发展' is the result of growth. You '开展' a campaign to '发展' the economy. You should also be comfortable using it in formal writing, such as reports or essays, to describe the implementation of policies or the rollout of new initiatives.
At the C1 level, '开展' (kāizhǎn) is used with high precision in academic, political, and legal contexts. It denotes the systematic implementation of complex operations. You will encounter it in phrases like '开展专项行动' (launch a special operation) or '开展批评与自我批评' (carry out criticism and self-criticism). At this level, you should understand its rhetorical weight—it signals institutional agency and organized momentum. You should also recognize its use in describing the 'opening up' of a situation or a prospect (e.g., 局面开展). In your own output, use '开展' to structure your descriptions of methodology in research or strategic steps in business. It is a 'power verb' that conveys authority and a methodical approach to complex tasks.
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At the C2 level, '开展' (kāizhǎn) is a tool for nuanced expression in high-level discourse. It can be used to describe the unfolding of historical movements, the implementation of philosophical frameworks, or the strategic expansion of national interests. You should be able to appreciate its use in classical-style modern prose where it might describe the 'unfolding' of a new era or a new social landscape (e.g., 开展新局面). At this level, the distinction between '开展' and its synonyms (进行, 启动, 举行, 推行) must be absolute. You use '开展' to emphasize the dynamic, spreading nature of an initiative. It is often found in high-level policy documents (公文) where every word choice reflects a specific administrative intent. Mastery at this level means using '开展' to not just describe an action, but to frame it as a significant, unfolding process with broad implications.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

开展 en 30 secondes

  • 开展 (kāizhǎn) is a formal verb meaning 'to launch' or 'to carry out' organized activities like projects, campaigns, or investigations.
  • It differs from '开始' (kāishǐ) because it implies a systematic, large-scale, or professional process rather than a simple individual start.
  • Commonly paired with nouns like 活动 (activity), 调查 (investigation), and 工作 (work), it suggests an unfolding or spreading of effort.
  • Used frequently in news, business, and academic contexts to signal institutional initiative and the methodical execution of planned tasks.

The Chinese verb 开展 (kāizhǎn) is a sophisticated term that captures the essence of initiating and then broadly executing a process, activity, or movement. At its core, it is composed of two characters: 开 (kāi), meaning 'to open' or 'to start,' and 展 (zhǎn), meaning 'to unfold' or 'to spread out.' Together, they describe an action that doesn't just begin in a static way but expands in scope and depth as it progresses. Unlike the simple '开始' (kāishǐ - to start), 开展 implies a level of organization, scale, and systematic development. It is most frequently used in professional, social, and political contexts to describe the rollout of campaigns, the execution of research, or the implementation of large-scale projects.

Primary Nuance
Initiating an organized activity with the intent of full-scale implementation.
Scale
Usually refers to collective or institutional actions rather than individual, minor tasks.
Dynamic Quality
Suggests a 'spreading' effect, like a scroll unfolding or a flower blooming.

“学校决定下周开展一次关于环保的讲座活动。”

— The school decided to launch a lecture series on environmental protection next week.

In a linguistic sense, 开展 functions as a transitive verb that typically takes abstract nouns as its object. You don't '开展' a door or a car; you '开展' a movement (运动), a competition (竞赛), or a discussion (讨论). It suggests that the activity is not just a one-off event but a process that will occupy a certain space and time. For example, when a government 开展 an investigation, it implies a thorough, multi-step process involving various departments and stages. This 'unfolding' nature is what separates it from more generic verbs of initiation.

“我们需要在全公司范围内开展技术培训。”

— We need to carry out technical training across the entire company.
Formal Contexts
Used in news reports, official documents, and academic papers to denote systematic action.
Social Contexts
Used for community events, charity drives, and public awareness campaigns.

Furthermore, 开展 can sometimes be used as an adjective or an intransitive verb to describe a situation that is 'opening up' or becoming 'wide-ranging.' However, its primary function remains the active initiation of organized efforts. When you use this word, you are signaling that the activity is significant, planned, and intended to have a broad impact. It is a word of progress and expansion, reflecting a forward-moving momentum in whatever field it is applied to.

Using 开展 correctly requires understanding its specific 'collocation' patterns—which words it likes to hang out with. Because it implies a systematic unfolding, it is almost always paired with nouns that represent organized activities. You will frequently see the structure: [Subject] + [Scope/Location] + 开展 + [Activity]. For instance, '公司 (Subject) 在全球范围内 (Scope) 开展 (Verb) 业务 (Activity).' This structure highlights the organized nature of the action.

“为了提高效率，我们正在开展一项新的研究项目。”

— To improve efficiency, we are currently launching a new research project.

One of the most common mistakes learners make is using 开展 for simple, physical actions. You cannot '开展' a book or '开展' a meeting in the sense of just sitting down to start it. Instead, you '开展' a meeting in the sense of organizing and executing a series of discussions. It carries a 'macro' feel. If you are talking about a small, personal habit, 开展 is likely too heavy. Use '开始' (kāishǐ) for 'I started reading' but use 开展 for 'The library launched a reading month campaign.'

Common Objects for 开展:
活动 (Activities)调查 (Investigations)工作 (Work/Operations)竞赛 (Competitions)批评 (Criticism/Review)

In formal writing, 开展 is often used to show initiative. It sounds much more professional than '做' (zuò - to do) or '办' (bàn - to handle). If you are writing a resume or a business report, saying you '开展了市场调研' (launched market research) sounds significantly more impressive and methodical than '做了市场调研.' It implies you followed a process and saw it through its various stages of development.

Finally, consider the 'scope' of the action. 开展 often pairs with phrases like '广泛' (guǎngfàn - extensively), '深入' (shēnrù - in-depth), or '全面' (quánmiàn - comprehensively). These adverbs reinforce the 'unfolding' (展) aspect of the word. For example, '深入开展教育改革' (deeply carry out educational reform) suggests the reform is not just starting on the surface but is penetrating deep into the system as it unfolds.

If you turn on a Chinese news broadcast like CCTV's 'News Broadcast' (新闻联播), you are almost guaranteed to hear 开展 within the first ten minutes. It is the quintessential 'news verb.' It appears in reports about government initiatives, international cooperation, and social movements. For example, '两国将开展多领域的合作' (The two countries will carry out cooperation in multiple fields). In this context, it conveys a sense of officialdom and serious intent.

“当地政府正在积极开展灾后重建工作。”

— The local government is actively carrying out post-disaster reconstruction work.

In the corporate world, 开展 is the language of the boardroom and the HR department. You will hear it during quarterly reviews, strategy meetings, and training sessions. A manager might say, '我们要开展一次员工满意度调查' (We need to conduct an employee satisfaction survey). Here, it sounds planned and legitimate. It differentiates a formal 'survey' from a casual 'asking around.' It signals that there is a methodology behind the action.

Academic Settings
Found in research proposals: '本研究将开展一系列实验' (This research will carry out a series of experiments).
Community/NGOs
Used for outreach: '志愿者们在社区开展义诊活动' (Volunteers are carrying out free clinic activities in the community).

You will also encounter 开展 in educational settings. Teachers and administrators use it to describe extracurricular programs or new teaching methodologies. '学校将开展第二课堂活动' (The school will launch 'second classroom' [extracurricular] activities). It gives these activities an air of educational purpose. Even in sports, a commentator might mention '开展全民健身运动' (launching a national fitness movement), emphasizing the broad, societal scale of the effort.

Lastly, in legal and investigative contexts, 开展 is used for audits, inspections, and crackdowns. '警方开展了打击电信诈骗的专项行动' (The police launched a special operation to crack down on telecom fraud). In these cases, the word carries a tone of authority and decisive action. It is not just a 'start'; it is a 'mobilization.' Understanding this word allows you to navigate the formal landscape of Chinese society with much greater clarity.

The most frequent error learners make with 开展 is confusing it with its close cousin, 发展 (fāzhǎn - to develop). While both share the character '展' (to unfold), their meanings and usages are distinct. 开展 is about *starting* and *carrying out* an activity (the process of doing), whereas 发展 is about *growth*, *evolution*, or *expansion* of a state or entity. You '开展' a project (launch it), but the project '发展' (grows) over time. You cannot '开展' an economy; you '发展' an economy.

❌ “我们要开展我们的城市。” (We want to 'launch' our city.)

✅ “我们要发展我们的城市。” (We want to 'develop/grow' our city.)

Another common pitfall is using 开展 for simple, non-organized actions. For example, saying '我开展了吃午饭' (I launched eating lunch) is grammatically incorrect and sounds quite absurd in Chinese. 开展 requires a certain level of complexity or collective effort. If the action is individual and simple, stick to '开始' (kāishǐ). 开展 is for 'launching a campaign,' not 'starting a snack.'

Mistake 1: Object Mismatch
Using concrete objects (like 'a book' or 'a car') instead of abstract activities.
Mistake 2: Confusing with '开始'
Using it for simple, momentary starts rather than ongoing, organized processes.
Mistake 3: Confusing with '举行'
'举行' (jǔxíng) is for holding a specific event (like a wedding), while '开展' is for the broader execution of activities.

Learners also sometimes forget that 开展 is primarily a verb. While it can occasionally describe a state (e.g., '工作开展得很好' - the work is progressing well), it is most powerful when used to drive an action. Using it as a noun (like 'The 开展 of the project') is generally incorrect; you would use '开展情况' (the status of the rollout) or '开展过程' (the process of the rollout) instead.

Finally, pay attention to the 'direction' of the word. 开展 is 'outward' and 'forward.' It doesn't work for stopping, reducing, or retreating. You can't '开展' a reduction in staff; you '进行' (jìnxíng - carry out) a reduction. 开展 carries a positive, constructive connotation of building and initiating something new and expansive.

To truly master 开展, you must see how it sits in a family of related verbs. The most common synonym is 进行 (jìnxíng). Both mean 'to carry out' or 'to conduct.' However, 进行 is more neutral and can be used for almost any formal action (e.g., '进行讨论', '进行手术'). 开展, by contrast, emphasizes the *initiation* and the *broad scope* of the activity. If 进行 is 'doing,' 开展 is 'launching and spreading.'

开展 vs. 开始 (kāishǐ)
'开始' is the general 'to start.' '开展' is 'to start an organized, large-scale activity.'
开展 vs. 举行 (jǔxíng)
'举行' is specifically for 'holding' an event like a ceremony, meeting, or match. '开展' is for 'carrying out' a series of activities or a movement.
开展 vs. 启动 (qǐdòng)
'启动' means 'to trigger' or 'to activate' (like a machine or a plan). It focuses on the very first moment of starting. '开展' focuses on the start *and* the subsequent unfolding.

“项目已经启动，我们正准备全面开展工作。”

— The project has been triggered (started), and we are preparing to fully launch (carry out) the work.

Another related word is 发起 (fāqǐ), which means 'to initiate' or 'to sponsor.' 发起 focuses on the person or group who first proposes the idea (the 'initiator'), while 开展 focuses on the actual execution of the activity. You might '发起' a proposal, and then the community '开展' the activity. It's a sequence of events from idea to action.

Finally, consider 推行 (tuīxíng), which means 'to promote' or 'to carry out' (usually a policy or system). 推行 has a sense of 'pushing' something forward, often against resistance or as a top-down mandate. 开展 is more about the 'unfolding' of the activity itself. While a government might '推行' a new law, the schools will '开展' activities to explain that law to students. Understanding these subtle shifts in meaning will help you choose the exact right word for your context.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Verb-Object compounds

Directional complements (起来)

Adverbial modifiers (广泛, 深入)

Passive voice with '被' (rare but possible: 活动被开展了)

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Exemples par niveau

1

学校开展了一个活动。

The school launched an activity.

Subject + 开展 + Object (Activity).

2

我们要开展比赛了。

We are going to start the competition.

Use '了' to show the action is about to happen.

3

大家一起开展工作。

Everyone works together (to carry out the work).

Together (一起) + 开展.

4

开展体育运动很有趣。

Carrying out sports activities is very fun.

开展 + Sports/Physical activities.

5

老师开展了新课。

The teacher started the new lesson (in an organized way).

Formal way to say starting a lesson.

6

我们在班里开展讨论。

We are having a discussion in class.

Location (在班里) + 开展 + Discussion.

7

开展这个活动不难。

It is not hard to launch this activity.

开展 as part of the subject phrase.

8

明天开展大扫除。

Tomorrow we will carry out a big cleaning.

Time (明天) + 开展 + Task.

1

公司决定开展新的业务。

The company decided to launch new business.

决定 (decide) + 开展.

2

这个周末，社区会开展义卖活动。

This weekend, the community will hold a charity sale.

Future marker (会) + 开展.

3

警察正在开展调查。

The police are currently conducting an investigation.

正在 (currently) + 开展.

4

我们应该开展更多的课外活动。

We should carry out more extracurricular activities.

应该 (should) + 开展.

5

为了健康，我们要开展跑步比赛。

For health, we are going to hold a running race.

Purpose (为了...) + 开展.

6

学校每年都开展艺术节。

The school holds an art festival every year.

Frequency (每年都) + 开展.

7

他们在村里开展了医疗服务。

They launched medical services in the village.

Location (在村里) + 开展.

8

开展这项工作需要很多钱。

Carrying out this work requires a lot of money.

开展 as a gerund-like subject.

1

为了保护环境，政府开展了垃圾分类宣传。

To protect the environment, the government launched garbage sorting publicity.

Government + 开展 + Publicity/Campaign.

2

这个项目已经在全国范围内开展起来了。

This project has already been launched nationwide.

开展 + 起来 (directional complement indicating start/continuation).

3

我们需要深入开展市场调研。

We need to carry out in-depth market research.

深入 (in-depth) + 开展.

4

图书馆正在开展“读书月”活动。

The library is currently carrying out 'Reading Month' activities.

Specific named activity in quotes.

5

双方同意开展更广泛的经济合作。

Both sides agreed to carry out more extensive economic cooperation.

广泛 (extensive) + 开展.

6

通过开展竞赛，学生的积极性提高了。

By carrying out competitions, students' enthusiasm increased.

通过 (through/by) + 开展.

7

我们要积极开展批评与自我批评。

We should actively carry out criticism and self-criticism.

A common formal phrase in Chinese organizations.

8

该项研究是去年开始开展的。

This research was started (and carried out) last year.

是...的 construction for emphasis.

1

各部门要密切配合，确保专项行动顺利开展。

All departments must cooperate closely to ensure the special operation is carried out smoothly.

确保 (ensure) + [Subject] + 开展.

2

只有广泛开展国际交流，才能促进科技进步。

Only by extensively carrying out international exchanges can scientific progress be promoted.

只有...才... (Only if... then...) structure.

3

公司计划在下个季度开展员工技能培训。

The company plans to launch employee skills training in the next quarter.

Time (下个季度) + 开展.

4

我们需要在全社会范围内开展诚信教育。

We need to carry out integrity education throughout society.

Scope (在全社会范围内) + 开展.

5

调查工作正在有条不紊地开展中。

The investigation work is being carried out in an orderly manner.

有条不紊 (orderly) + 开展 + 中 (in progress).

6

开展这项实验需要具备极高的技术水平。

Carrying out this experiment requires a very high level of technology.

开展 + Experiment as the subject.

7

他建议开展一次全面的财务审计。

He suggested carrying out a comprehensive financial audit.

建议 (suggest) + 开展.

8

通过开展多种形式的活动，丰富了员工的生活。

By carrying out various forms of activities, the employees' lives were enriched.

多种形式 (various forms) + 开展.

1

为了应对气候变化，各国必须开展实质性的合作。

To address climate change, countries must carry out substantive cooperation.

实质性 (substantive) + 开展.

2

该机构致力于在欠发达地区开展扶贫工作。

The organization is committed to carrying out poverty alleviation work in underdeveloped areas.

致力于 (be committed to) + 开展.

3

我们应当在尊重差异的基础上开展对话。

We should carry out dialogue on the basis of respecting differences.

在...基础上 (on the basis of) + 开展.

4

随着改革的深入，各项工作正全面开展。

As the reform deepens, various tasks are being fully carried out.

随着 (along with) + 开展.

5

有关部门将针对此类问题开展专项整治。

Relevant departments will carry out special rectification targeting such issues.

针对 (targeting) + 开展.

6

开展理论研究必须紧密结合实际情况。

Carrying out theoretical research must be closely integrated with actual conditions.

开展 + Theory as the subject.

7

该项政策的实施，为开展国际贸易创造了有利条件。

The implementation of this policy created favorable conditions for carrying out international trade.

为...创造条件 (create conditions for) + 开展.

8

如何在复杂的国际环境下开展外交工作是一大挑战。

How to carry out diplomatic work in a complex international environment is a major challenge.

Complex clause as the subject of the sentence.

1

在这一历史关头，开展广泛的社会动员至关重要。

At this historical juncture, carrying out extensive social mobilization is crucial.

Historical/Formal tone.

2

通过开展深层次的体制改革，我们才能从根本上解决问题。

Only by carrying out deep-level institutional reforms can we fundamentally solve the problem.

深层次 (deep-level) + 开展.

3

该学说为开展跨学科研究提供了全新的视角。

This theory provides a brand-new perspective for carrying out interdisciplinary research.

跨学科 (interdisciplinary) + 开展.

4

我们必须以高度的责任感开展这项具有里程碑意义的工作。

We must carry out this milestone work with a high sense of responsibility.

里程碑意义 (milestone significance) + 开展.

5

在多元文化背景下，如何开展有效的价值引领值得深思。

In a multicultural context, how to carry out effective value guidance is worth deep reflection.

价值引领 (value guidance) - abstract high-level concept.

6

开展此类大规模的科学协作，需要极强的组织协调能力。

Carrying out such large-scale scientific collaboration requires exceptional organizational and coordination skills.

Scientific/Administrative complexity.

7

他的一生都在为开展民族教育事业而奋斗。

He spent his whole life struggling to carry out the cause of national education.

为...而奋斗 (struggle for) + 开展.

8

这项举措标志着两国关系进入了全面开展务实合作的新阶段。

This move marks a new stage in which the relationship between the two countries has entered into the full-scale implementation of pragmatic cooperation.

务实合作 (pragmatic cooperation) - diplomatic term.

Collocations courantes

开展活动 (kāizhǎn huódòng) - carry out activities
开展调查 (kāizhǎn diàochá) - conduct an investigation
开展工作 (kāizhǎn gōngzuò) - carry out work
开展竞赛 (kāizhǎn jìngsài) - hold a competition
开展讨论 (kāizhǎn tǎolùn) - initiate a discussion
开展合作 (kāizhǎn hézuò) - carry out cooperation
开展业务 (kāizhǎn yèwù) - launch business
开展培训 (kāizhǎn péixùn) - conduct training
广泛开展 (guǎngfàn kāizhǎn) - extensively carry out
深入开展 (shēnrù kāizhǎn) - carry out in-depth

Phrases Courantes

开展批评 (kāizhǎn pīpíng) - carry out criticism
开展研究 (kāizhǎn yánjiū) - conduct research
开展实验 (kāizhǎn shíyàn) - conduct an experiment
开展宣传 (kāizhǎn xuānchuán) - carry out publicity
开展交流 (kāizhǎn jiāoliú) - carry out exchanges
开展整治 (kāizhǎn zhěngzhì) - carry out rectification
开展对话 (kāizhǎn duìhuà) - initiate dialogue
开展贸易 (kāizhǎn màoyì) - carry out trade
开展运动 (kāizhǎn yùndòng) - launch a movement
开展服务 (kāizhǎn fúwù) - provide/launch services

Souvent confondu avec

开展 vs 发展 (fāzhǎn)

发展 is growth/evolution; 开展 is launching/carrying out an activity.

开展 vs 开始 (kāishǐ)

开始 is the general 'to start'; 开展 is for organized, systematic activities.

开展 vs 举行 (jǔxíng)

举行 is for holding a specific event (meeting, ceremony); 开展 is for a process or series of activities.

Expressions idiomatiques

"有条不紊 (yǒu tiáo bù wěn) - in an orderly manner (often used with 开展)"
"如火如荼 (rú huǒ rú tú) - like a raging fire (describing an activity being 开展 extensively)"
"轰轰烈烈 (hōng hōng liè liè) - on a grand scale (describing a movement being 开展)"
"大张旗鼓 (dà zhāng qí gǔ) - with great fanfare (describing how an activity is 开展)"
"深入人心 (shēnrù rénxīn) - to strike a chord (result of a well-开展 campaign)"
"方兴未艾 (fāng xīng wèi ài) - in the ascendant (describing a trend being 开展)"
"势如破竹 (shì rú pò zhú) - with irresistible force (how an activity might 开展)"
"层层深入 (céng céng shēnrù) - deepening layer by layer (how an investigation is 开展)"
"全面开花 (quánmiàn kāihuā) - blooming everywhere (activities 开展 in all areas)"
"推陈出新 (tuī chén chū xīn) - weed out the old to bring forth the new (often a goal when 开展 activities)"

Facile à confondre

开展 vs

开展 vs

开展 vs

开展 vs

开展 vs

Structures de phrases

Famille de mots

Apparenté

展开 (zhǎnkāi) - to unfold; to spread out
发展 (fāzhǎn) - to develop; to grow
展览 (zhǎnlǎn) - exhibition
展示 (zhǎnshì) - to display; to show
展望 (zhǎnwàng) - to look forward to; prospect
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Comment l'utiliser

tone

Formal and professional.

common misuse

Using it for physical objects or simple individual starts.

collocation strength

Very high with '活动', '调查', '工作'.

Erreurs courantes
  • → 我们要提高我们的英语水平。

    You don't 'launch' a level; you 'improve' (提高) it.

  • → 他打开了一本书。 / 他开始读一本书。

    You don't 'launch' a physical book; you 'open' (打开) it or 'start' (开始) reading it.

  • → 公司发展得很快。

    A company 'grows' (发展), it doesn't 'launch' (开展) itself as a state of being.

  • → 我开始吃早饭。

    Eating breakfast is a simple individual act, not an organized campaign.

  • → 会议在进行中。

    While '开展' can be used for activities within a meeting, '进行' is the standard word for a meeting being in progress.

Astuces

Professional Tone

Use 开展 in your emails to colleagues when describing new initiatives. It makes you sound like you have a clear, systematic plan. It's much better than just saying you are 'doing' something.

Object Choice

Always pair 开展 with an abstract noun that represents an activity. Avoid concrete nouns like 'cars' or 'books.' If you can't 'organize' it, you probably can't '开展' it.

News Anchor Key

When listening to Chinese news, 开展 is a 'signal word.' It tells you that the speaker is about to describe a government or institutional action. It helps you categorize the information quickly.

Synonym Nuance

Remember that 开展 is 'start + process.' If you only want to say 'start,' use 开始. If you only want to say 'do,' use 进行. Use 开展 for the whole package.

Collocation Mastery

Memorize the phrase '开展活动.' It is the most common use of the word and will serve as a template for other usages. Once you know this, you can easily swap '活动' for '调查' or '研究'.

Scope Matters

When using 开展, try to mention the scope. Words like '在全校' (in the whole school) or '在公司' (in the company) make the use of 开展 sound more natural and complete.

Headline Helper

In headlines, 开展 is often shortened or used to save space. If you see it, you know the article is about some kind of rollout or implementation. It's a very high-frequency character in media.

Collective Action

Understand that 开展 often implies a group effort. It's a word that fits well with the Chinese cultural emphasis on community and institutional goals. It's rarely about a 'lone wolf' action.

Visualizing '展'

Focus on the '展' character. It looks a bit like a person stretching. Associate this 'stretching out' with the 'spreading' of an activity across a group or area.

HSK/CEFR Tip

For B2 level exams, 开展 is a common 'fill-in-the-blank' word. The trick is usually to distinguish it from 发展. Look for 'activity' words to choose 开展.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Modern Chinese compound.

Contexte culturel

Frequently used in government slogans and policy documents.

Preferred in formal business proposals to sound professional.

Key term for community-wide efforts and public campaigns.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"你们公司最近在开展什么新项目吗？ (Is your company launching any new projects lately?)"

"你觉得在学校开展心理健康教育重要吗？ (Do you think it's important to carry out mental health education in schools?)"

"为了保护环境，我们社区应该开展哪些活动？ (What activities should our community carry out to protect the environment?)"

"你们国家是如何开展垃圾分类的？ (How does your country carry out garbage sorting?)"

"如果我们要开展一次旅行，你有什么建议？ (If we were to launch a trip, what suggestions do you have? - Note: slightly formal usage here)"

Sujets d'écriture

描述一次你参与开展的活动。 (Describe an activity you participated in launching.)

如果你是一家公司的CEO，你会开展什么样的员工福利？ (If you were a CEO, what kind of employee benefits would you launch?)

讨论在现代社会开展传统文化教育的挑战。 (Discuss the challenges of carrying out traditional culture education in modern society.)

写一段关于政府如何开展灾后重建的报道。 (Write a report on how the government carries out post-disaster reconstruction.)

反思开展一项新习惯时最困难的部分。 (Reflect on the hardest part of launching a new habit.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Generally, no. For a personal hobby like 'starting to paint,' use '开始.' 开展 is for organized, collective activities. You might say a club '开展了绘画活动,' but an individual just '开始学画画.' It sounds too formal for personal habits.

They are very close. 开展 is more common for 'carrying out' activities or work. 展开 often describes the physical unfolding of something (like a map) or the 'opening up' of a large-scale scene or discussion. In many cases involving 'activities,' they are interchangeable, but 开展 is the standard choice for 'launching' a campaign.

Usually, yes. It implies constructive action, like research, education, or cooperation. However, it can be used for neutral or even negative-sounding things in a formal way, such as '开展调查' (conducting an investigation) into a crime. Even then, the 'carrying out' itself is a systematic, professional process.

No, that sounds very strange. You '开始新生活' (start a new life) or '过生活' (live life). 开展 requires a specific, organized activity as its object. Life is too broad and non-specific to be 'launched' like a project.

For a website, '上线' (shàngxiàn - go online) or '发布' (fābù - publish/release) is more common. You could use 开展 for the 'marketing campaign' (开展营销活动) for the website, but not for the technical act of putting the site online.

It is used in professional or formal daily conversations, like at work or school. In casual talk with friends about what you did over the weekend, you would rarely use it unless you were joking about how organized your weekend was.

In Chinese, verbs can often function as nouns, but 开展 is rarely used alone as a noun. Usually, it's part of a noun phrase like '活动的开展' (the carrying out of the activity) or '开展情况' (the status of the rollout).

Common adverbs include 积极 (actively), 全面 (comprehensively), 广泛 (extensively), 深入 (in-depth), and 顺利 (smoothly). These all describe the manner or scope of the unfolding activity.

Only in the sense of 'developing a project' or 'developing a campaign.' If you mean 'developing a skill' or 'developing a country,' use '发展' (fāzhǎn) or '培养' (péiyǎng).

Yes, '开展比赛' is very common, especially in schools or companies. It suggests the whole process of organizing and running the competition.

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