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A1 noun #1,650 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

星期五

xingqiwu Top 1,650

At the A1 level, learning the days of the week is one of the most fundamental steps in acquiring Chinese vocabulary. The word 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) translates directly to 'Friday'. It is built on a very logical system that makes it incredibly easy for beginners to memorize. The first part, 星期 (xīng qī), means 'week'. The second part, 五 (wǔ), is the number 'five'. Therefore, 星期五 literally means 'week five' or the fifth day of the week. This numerical system applies to Monday through Saturday (星期一 to 星期六). As an A1 learner, your primary goal is to recognize this word, pronounce it correctly with its tones (first tone, first tone, third tone), and use it in basic sentences. You will use it to state what day it is today, tomorrow, or yesterday. For example, '今天是星期五' (Today is Friday). You will also learn to place it correctly in a sentence when talking about simple actions, remembering the crucial rule that time words in Chinese come before the verb. For instance, '我星期五去学校' (I go to school on Friday). Mastering 星期五 allows you to start making basic plans, understanding simple schedules, and answering the common question '今天星期几？' (What day of the week is it today?). It is a high-frequency word that you will encounter in almost every beginner textbook and early conversation practice. By associating the number five with the end of the traditional school or work week, you can quickly commit this essential vocabulary word to memory and begin using it confidently in your daily Chinese practice.

At the A2 level, your understanding and usage of 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) expand beyond simple identification into practical scheduling and social interactions. You are no longer just stating that today is Friday; you are using it to organize your life and communicate plans with others. At this stage, you will learn to combine 星期五 with other time indicators to be more specific. For example, you will frequently use phrases like 上个星期五 (last Friday), 这个星期五 (this Friday), and 下个星期五 (next Friday). You will also start combining it with times of the day, such as 星期五早上 (Friday morning) or 星期五晚上 (Friday evening). This allows for much more detailed communication. A2 learners will use 星期五 in sentences involving invitations and making appointments. You might ask a friend, '你星期五晚上有空吗？' (Are you free on Friday evening?) or state '我们星期五下午开会' (We have a meeting on Friday afternoon). Furthermore, you will begin to recognize the synonyms 周五 (zhōu wǔ) and 礼拜五 (lǐ bài wǔ) in spoken language, even if you primarily produce 星期五 yourself. Understanding that these terms are interchangeable is crucial for real-world listening comprehension. You will also practice using 星期五 with frequency adverbs, such as '每个星期五' (every Friday), to describe routines and habits. The focus shifts from rote memorization to functional application, making 星期五 a key tool in your conversational toolkit for navigating daily life, social events, and basic logistical planning in a Chinese-speaking environment.

At the B1 level, 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) becomes a gateway to discussing broader cultural and lifestyle topics in Chinese. You are now capable of expressing opinions, feelings, and more complex plans associated with this day. Friday holds a significant cultural weight as the gateway to the weekend, and B1 learners can articulate this anticipation. You might express sentiments like '我最喜欢星期五，因为明天不用上班' (I like Friday the most because I don't have to work tomorrow). You will use 星期五 in compound sentences, linking actions and reasons. In professional contexts, which are often introduced at the B1 level, 星期五 is crucial for discussing deadlines and project timelines. You will comfortably use phrases like '在星期五下班前' (before getting off work on Friday) or '星期五是最后的期限' (Friday is the final deadline). Moreover, your listening skills will be sharp enough to effortlessly distinguish between 星期五, 周五, and 礼拜五 depending on the speaker's regional accent or the formality of the situation. You will actively choose to use 周五 in your written Chinese, such as emails or text messages, recognizing its concise and slightly more formal nature. You will also encounter 星期五 in media, such as understanding broadcast schedules for TV shows or promotional events like '黑色星期五' (Black Friday). At this intermediate stage, the word is fully integrated into your active vocabulary, allowing you to navigate both social and professional scheduling with nuance and cultural awareness, reflecting a deeper engagement with the rhythm of life in Chinese society.

At the B2 level, your engagement with the term 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) involves a high degree of fluency, cultural nuance, and the ability to discuss abstract concepts related to time and work culture. You are expected to use the term flawlessly within complex grammatical structures, such as conditional sentences or hypothetical scenarios. For instance, '如果这个星期五能完成项目，我们周末就去庆祝' (If we can finish the project this Friday, we will go celebrate this weekend). You will deeply understand the sociological implications of Friday in modern Chinese society, particularly in the context of demanding work cultures like '996' (working 9am to 9pm, 6 days a week), where the traditional joy of a Friday might be altered or delayed until Saturday. B2 learners can engage in debates or discussions about work-life balance, using 星期五 as a reference point for the standard workweek. Furthermore, your vocabulary will expand to include idiomatic expressions or slang related to the end of the week. You will be completely comfortable reading formal documents, news articles, or academic texts where 周五 is used exclusively for brevity and professionalism. You might also explore the etymology of the word 星期, understanding its origins in astronomical observation ('star period') and how the seven-day week was historically integrated into the traditional Chinese lunar calendar system. At this upper-intermediate level, 星期五 is not just a vocabulary word; it is a concept that you can manipulate linguistically to express complex thoughts, schedules, and cultural observations with native-like precision and appropriateness.

At the C1 level, the word 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) is utilized with complete mastery, reflecting a deep, near-native understanding of its pragmatic and sociolinguistic applications. You seamlessly navigate the subtle stylistic differences between 星期五, 周五, and 礼拜五, employing them not just correctly, but effectively to establish tone, register, and rapport. In high-level business negotiations or formal correspondence, you will instinctively use 周五 to project professionalism and efficiency. Conversely, in casual, intimate settings, you might use 礼拜五 to build camaraderie, especially with speakers from regions where it is prevalent. C1 learners can analyze and discuss the psychological and economic phenomena associated with Fridays, such as consumer behavior on Friday evenings, the impact of the 'weekend effect' on financial markets, or the cultural shift towards leisure and entertainment industries that peak starting Friday night. You can articulate complex narratives involving intricate timelines, using 星期五 as a precise anchor point within a broader chronological context. Furthermore, you are capable of understanding literary or journalistic texts that might use Friday metaphorically to represent endings, transitions, or the culmination of effort. Your command of the language allows you to play with the concept, perhaps using irony or humor when discussing the often-elusive 'relaxing Friday' in high-pressure corporate environments. At this advanced stage, the word is a fully integrated element of your linguistic repertoire, used with the sophistication and cultural depth expected of a highly proficient speaker.

At the C2 level, your relationship with the term 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) transcends practical usage and enters the realm of profound linguistic and cultural mastery. You possess an encyclopedic understanding of the term's historical evolution, from the ancient Chinese calendrical systems to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar and the standardization of the seven-day week during the Republic of China era. You can discuss how the linguistic shift from traditional terms to 星期 reflects broader themes of modernization and Western influence in Chinese history. In discourse, you manipulate the concept of Friday with absolute rhetorical control. You can craft compelling narratives, persuasive arguments, or poetic reflections where Friday serves as a thematic pivot—symbolizing the dichotomy between labor and liberation, structure and freedom. You are attuned to the most subtle regional variations and historical echoes of 礼拜五, understanding its roots in Christian missionary work and its subsequent secularization. In academic or highly specialized professional writing, you employ 周五 with surgical precision, integrating it into complex syntactical structures without a second thought. You can effortlessly comprehend and critique sociological studies on modern Chinese labor practices, where the boundary of Friday is constantly negotiated in the gig economy or tech industry. At this mastery level, 星期五 is a microscopic lens through which you can examine and articulate the macro-level intricacies of Chinese timekeeping, societal structure, and cultural evolution, demonstrating a fluency that rivals or exceeds that of an educated native speaker.

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

星期五 en 30 secondes

Means 'Friday', the 5th day of the week.
Combines 'week' (星期) and 'five' (五).
Always placed before the verb in sentences.
Synonyms include 周五 and 礼拜五.

The Chinese word for Friday is 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ). Understanding this word is fundamental for anyone beginning their journey into the Chinese language, as it forms the basis of scheduling, planning, and discussing the standard week. The term is composed of three distinct characters. The first two characters, 星期 (xīng qī), literally translate to 'star period' or 'stellar cycle,' which is the standard modern Chinese word for 'week.' The final character, 五 (wǔ), is the number five. Therefore, 星期五 literally means 'week five' or the fifth day of the week. This logical, numerical approach to naming the days of the week makes them incredibly easy to learn once you know the numbers one through six. In Western cultures, Friday is often associated with the end of the traditional workweek and the beginning of the weekend, a sentiment that is equally prevalent in modern Chinese society. The anticipation of the weekend makes 星期五 a highly anticipated day, often discussed in the context of weekend plans, relaxation, and social gatherings.

Etymology: The concept of a seven-day week was introduced to China multiple times throughout history, but the modern term 星期 was solidified in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Cultural Significance: Friday marks the transition from labor to leisure in contemporary Chinese urban culture, often celebrated with dinners or KTV outings.

Usage Context: It is used in both formal and informal contexts, making it the most versatile way to say Friday compared to its alternatives.

今天是星期五，我们去吃火锅吧！(Today is Friday, let's go eat hotpot!)

我星期五有很多工作要做。(I have a lot of work to do on Friday.)

下个星期五是我的生日。(Next Friday is my birthday.)

每个星期五晚上我都看电影。(Every Friday night I watch a movie.)

上个星期五天气很好。(Last Friday the weather was very good.)

Beyond just the literal translation, mastering 星期五 opens the door to understanding how time is structured in Chinese conversation. When planning events, booking tickets, or setting up meetings, this word is indispensable. The simplicity of the numerical system (Monday is one, Tuesday is two, etc.) is a beautiful aspect of the Chinese language that significantly reduces the memorization burden for new learners. As you progress, you will find that 星期五 frequently appears in various collocations and phrases, further cementing its importance in daily communication.

Using 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) in a sentence is straightforward, but it requires an understanding of Chinese sentence structure, particularly regarding time words. In Chinese, time words generally appear at the beginning of the sentence or immediately after the subject, but before the verb. This is a crucial rule that differs from English, where time words often appear at the end of the sentence. For example, to say 'I will go to Beijing on Friday,' you would say 我星期五去北京 (wǒ xīng qī wǔ qù běi jīng) or 星期五我去北京 (xīng qī wǔ wǒ qù běi jīng). You would never place 星期五 at the end of the sentence. This positioning emphasizes the time frame early in the communication, setting the context for the action that follows.

Time Placement: Always place 星期五 before the verb, either before or after the subject. This is a strict grammatical rule in Mandarin.

With Time of Day: When combining Friday with a time of day, Friday comes first: 星期五早上 (Friday morning), 星期五晚上 (Friday night).

Omitting Prepositions: Unlike English which uses 'on' Friday, Chinese does not require a preposition before 星期五.

我们星期五开会。(We have a meeting on Friday.)

他星期五不来上班。(He is not coming to work on Friday.)

你星期五有空吗？(Are you free on Friday?)

派对在星期五晚上。(The party is on Friday night.)

我最喜欢星期五。(I like Friday the most.)

Furthermore, 星期五 can act as both a noun and an adverbial phrase of time. When used to ask 'what day of the week is it?', the question is 今天星期几？ (jīn tiān xīng qī jǐ?), and the answer directly substitutes the question word 几 with the number 五: 今天星期五. This substitution pattern is a core mechanic of Chinese grammar, making question-and-answer exchanges highly symmetrical and predictable. Mastering the use of 星期五 in these various syntactic roles will greatly enhance your conversational fluency and confidence in making plans.

You will encounter 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) in virtually every aspect of daily life in Chinese-speaking environments. From professional settings to casual social interactions, it is a ubiquitous term. In the workplace, Friday is often the deadline for weekly reports, the day for team meetings, or the focal point for discussing weekend shifts. You will hear colleagues saying things like '星期五下班前交给我' (Give it to me before getting off work on Friday). In schools, students eagerly anticipate Friday as the end of the academic week, often discussing their plans for homework and relaxation.

Workplace: Used extensively for scheduling deadlines, meetings, and expressing relief that the work week is concluding.

Social Life: The primary day for making plans for dinner, drinks, or entertainment, often referred to as the start of the weekend vibe.

Media & Broadcasting: Television shows, radio programs, and podcasts frequently announce their broadcast schedules using 星期五.

节目在每个星期五播出。(The program broadcasts every Friday.)

餐厅星期五人很多。(The restaurant is very crowded on Fridays.)

机票星期五最贵。(Flight tickets are most expensive on Fridays.)

我们星期五发工资。(We get paid on Friday.)

黑色星期五有很多打折。(There are many discounts on Black Friday.)

In public transportation, schedules for trains and buses might have special timetables for 星期五 due to increased travel volume as people return home or go on weekend trips. News broadcasts will summarize the week's events on Friday evenings. Even in casual texting, 星期五 is frequently typed out when coordinating plans. The omnipresence of this word means that as a learner, you will have countless opportunities to practice listening for it and reading it in real-world contexts, rapidly reinforcing your comprehension and retention of the term.

While 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ) is a relatively simple concept, learners often make a few predictable mistakes, primarily related to sentence structure and literal translation from their native languages. The most common error is placing the time word incorrectly. English speakers naturally want to say 'I play basketball on Friday' and translate it word-for-word as 我打篮球在星期五 (wǒ dǎ lán qiú zài xīng qī wǔ). This is grammatically incorrect in Chinese. The time must come before the action: 我星期五打篮球. Another frequent mistake is adding unnecessary prepositions. In English, we use 'on' Friday. Learners often try to insert 在 (zài - at/on) before 星期五, saying 在星期五我工作. While occasionally heard in very specific, emphasized contexts, it is generally unnatural and unnecessary; simply saying 星期五我工作 is the correct and natural way.

Word Order: Never put 星期五 at the end of the sentence. Time words must precede the verb.

Extra Prepositions: Do not use 在 (zài) before 星期五 unless specifically emphasizing the exact day in a complex sentence.

Number Confusion: Remember that Sunday is NOT 星期七. It is 星期天 or 星期日. Friday is strictly 星期五.

❌ 我去超市星期五。
✅ 我星期五去超市。

❌ 在星期五我休息。
✅ 我星期五休息。

❌ 星期五的早上好。
✅ 星期五早上好。

❌ 我见你在星期五。
✅ 我们星期五见。

❌ 今天是星期五号。
✅ 今天是星期五。

A third common mistake involves pronunciation, specifically the tones. 星期五 is pronounced xīng (1st tone) qī (1st tone) wǔ (3rd tone). Learners sometimes struggle with the consecutive first tones, dropping the pitch too early, or they fail to fully articulate the dipping third tone of 五. Practicing the phrase as a single rhythmic unit can help smooth out these tonal transitions. Finally, some learners confuse 星期五 with the fifth day of the month (五号). It is crucial to distinguish between the week cycle (星期) and the monthly calendar date (号/日) to avoid significant scheduling misunderstandings.

In Chinese, there are three main ways to say the days of the week, and understanding the differences between them is key to sounding natural in different regions and contexts. The most standard and universally understood term is 星期五 (xīng qī wǔ). However, you will frequently hear 周五 (zhōu wǔ) and 礼拜五 (lǐ bài wǔ). 周五 uses the character 周 (zhōu), which means 'cycle' or 'week.' It is slightly more formal, very concise, and extremely common in written Chinese, news broadcasts, and professional environments. It is a two-syllable word, making it punchy and efficient. 礼拜五 uses 礼拜 (lǐ bài), which literally means 'worship' or 'religious service.' This term has historical roots in the introduction of the seven-day week by Christian missionaries.

周五 (zhōu wǔ): More formal and concise. Highly common in written text, business contexts, and mainland China spoken language.

礼拜五 (lǐ bài wǔ): More colloquial and informal. Very common in southern China, Taiwan, and among older generations.

星期五 (xīng qī wǔ): The standard, neutral term taught in textbooks. Safe to use in any context, anywhere in the Chinese-speaking world.

报告请在周五提交。(Please submit the report on Friday. - Formal)

咱们礼拜五去喝酒吧！(Let's go drinking on Friday! - Casual)

学校星期五放假。(The school has a holiday on Friday. - Standard)

下个周五见。(See you next Friday.)

上个礼拜五我很忙。(I was very busy last Friday.)

While 礼拜五 is very common in spoken language, especially in southern regions and Taiwan, it is rarely used in formal written documents. 周五, on the other hand, is the preferred choice for brevity in texts, emails, and professional communication. As a beginner, sticking to 星期五 is the safest and most universally correct approach. However, developing passive listening skills to instantly recognize 周五 and 礼拜五 as synonyms for Friday is crucial for achieving fluency and understanding native speakers who will seamlessly switch between these terms depending on their background and the context of the conversation.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

Neutre

Informel

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Exemples par niveau

今天是星期五。

Today is Friday.

Basic sentence structure: Subject (今天) + Verb (是) + Object (星期五).

明天不是星期五。

Tomorrow is not Friday.

Negation using 不 (bù) before the verb 是 (shì).

我星期五去学校。

I go to school on Friday.

Time word (星期五) placed before the verb (去).

你星期五工作吗？

Do you work on Friday?

Yes/No question using the particle 吗 (ma) at the end.

星期五见！

See you on Friday!

Common farewell phrase combining time and the verb 见 (to see).

今天是星期几？星期五。

What day is today? Friday.

Using 几 (jǐ) to ask for the day of the week.

我喜欢星期五。

I like Friday.

Simple Subject-Verb-Object structure expressing preference.

星期五很好。

Friday is very good.

Using the adverb 很 (hěn) to link a noun and an adjective.

下个星期五是我的生日。

Next Friday is my birthday.

Using 下个 (xià ge) to indicate 'next'.

我们星期五晚上去看电影吧。

Let's go watch a movie on Friday night.

Combining day (星期五) and time of day (晚上).

上个星期五天气非常冷。

The weather was very cold last Friday.

Using 上个 (shàng ge) to indicate 'last' or 'previous'.

你这个星期五有空吗？

Are you free this Friday?

Using 有空 (yǒu kòng) to ask about availability.

每个星期五我都去游泳。

I go swimming every Friday.

Using 每个 (měi ge) to express routine or frequency.

他星期五下午不在家。

He is not at home on Friday afternoon.

Negating location with 不在 (bú zài).

我们星期五几点见面？

What time are we meeting on Friday?

Asking for specific time using 几点 (jǐ diǎn).

星期五的火车票卖完了。

Friday's train tickets are sold out.

Using 的 (de) to show possession or description.

因为星期五要交报告，所以我今天很忙。

Because I have to submit a report on Friday, I am very busy today.

Using 因为...所以... (because... therefore...) for cause and effect.

只要到了星期五，大家的心情就会变好。

As long as it's Friday, everyone's mood gets better.

Using 只要...就... (as long as... then...) for conditional statements.

虽然今天是星期五，但他还要加班。

Even though today is Friday, he still has to work overtime.

Using 虽然...但... (although... but...) for contrasting ideas.

除了星期五，我每天都去健身房。

Except for Friday, I go to the gym every day.

Using 除了... (except for...) to indicate exclusion.

请在星期五下班前把这份文件发给我。

Please send me this document before getting off work on Friday.

Using 前 (qián) to indicate 'before' a specific time.

比起星期一，我更喜欢星期五。

Compared to Monday, I prefer Friday.

Using 比起...更... (compared to... more...) for comparison.

星期五晚上的交通总是特别拥挤。

Traffic on Friday nights is always especially congested.

Using 总是 (zǒng shì) to express 'always'.

我们打算星期五出发去旅行。

We plan to set off on our trip on Friday.

Using 打算 (dǎ suàn) to express plans or intentions.

无论这个星期五发生什么，我们都要按计划进行。

No matter what happens this Friday, we must proceed according to plan.

Using 无论...都... (no matter... must/all...) for unconditional statements.

如果不是因为星期五的突发事件，项目早就完成了。

If it weren't for the unexpected incident on Friday, the project would have been completed long ago.

Using 如果不是因为 (if it weren't because of) for hypothetical past situations.

即使是星期五，他依然保持着高度的工作热情。

Even though it is Friday, he still maintains a high level of enthusiasm for work.

Using 即使...依然... (even if... still...) for concession.

随着星期五的临近，办公室里的气氛变得轻松起来。

As Friday approaches, the atmosphere in the office becomes more relaxed.

Using 随着... (along with / as...) to show concurrent changes.

这家餐厅星期五的预订通常提前一周就满了。

Reservations for this restaurant on Fridays are usually full a week in advance.

Complex sentence structure detailing specific conditions and timeframes.

与其星期五晚上去挤酒吧，不如在家里看书。

Rather than squeezing into a crowded bar on Friday night, it's better to read a book at home.

Using 与其...不如... (rather than... it's better to...) to express preference.

黑色星期五的促销活动吸引了成千上万的消费者。

The Black Friday promotional events attracted tens of thousands of consumers.

Using 成千上万 (tens of thousands) as an idiomatic expression for large numbers.

为了赶在星期五前发布产品，整个团队连续熬夜。

In order to release the product before Friday, the entire team stayed up late consecutively.

Using 为了 (in order to) to state purpose.

鉴于星期五股市的剧烈波动，投资者应保持谨慎。

Given the severe fluctuations in the stock market on Friday, investors should remain cautious.

Using 鉴于 (given that / in view of) for formal reasoning.

在现代企业文化中，星期五往往被赋予了缓解一周压力的象征意义。

In modern corporate culture, Friday is often endowed with the symbolic meaning of alleviating the week's stress.

Passive voice using 被 (bèi) combined with formal vocabulary (赋予, 象征意义).

尽管面临着巨大的交付压力，项目经理还是决定不在星期五安排加班。

Despite facing immense delivery pressure, the project manager decided not to schedule overtime on Friday.

Using 尽管...还是... (despite... still...) in a professional context.

这项政策的颁布恰逢星期五，引发了社会各界的广泛讨论。

The promulgation of this policy happened to coincide with a Friday, triggering widespread discussion across all sectors of society.

Using 恰逢 (happen to coincide with) for precise timing descriptions.

与其说星期五是工作的结束，不如说是消费主义狂欢的开始。

Rather than saying Friday is the end of work, it is more accurate to say it is the beginning of a consumerist carnival.

Advanced comparative structure 与其说...不如说... (rather than saying... it is better to say...).

报告详细分析了星期五晚高峰期间城市交通拥堵的根本原因。

The report detailedly analyzed the root causes of urban traffic congestion during the Friday evening rush hour.

Formal academic/professional sentence structure with complex noun phrases.

对于那些实行弹性工作制的公司而言，传统的星期五概念正在逐渐模糊。

For those companies implementing flexible working hours, the traditional concept of Friday is gradually blurring.

Using 对于...而言 (as for...) to establish context or perspective.

他习惯在星期五下午进行一周的复盘，以便为下周制定更精确的战略。

He is accustomed to conducting a weekly review on Friday afternoons in order to formulate a more precise strategy for the following week.

Using 以便 (so that / in order to) for formal purpose clauses.

星期五的黄昏，夕阳的余晖给这座疲惫的城市披上了一层金色的外衣。

In the dusk of Friday, the afterglow of the setting sun draped this exhausted city in a golden coat.

Highly literary and descriptive language using metaphor (披上外衣).

从社会学角度审视，星期五不仅是时间维度的刻度，更是劳资双方心理博弈的缓冲地带。

Examined from a sociological perspective, Friday is not merely a marker on the dimension of time, but rather a buffer zone in the psychological game between labor and capital.

Academic discourse using abstract concepts (社会学角度, 心理博弈).

历史学家指出，七日一休的制度以及星期五作为周末前奏的确立，是工业革命重塑人类时间观念的深刻体现。

Historians point out that the system of one day of rest in seven, and the establishment of Friday as the prelude to the weekend, is a profound manifestation of the Industrial Revolution reshaping human concepts of time.

Complex historical analysis with nested clauses and formal terminology.

在那部小说中，星期五被隐喻为一种无法企及的救赎，主人公永远在无尽的星期四中轮回。

In that novel, Friday is metaphorically represented as an unattainable salvation; the protagonist is forever trapped in the reincarnation of an endless Thursday.

Literary critique discussing metaphor (隐喻) and existential themes.

宏观经济数据通常选择在星期五收盘后发布，旨在利用周末的时间窗口消化市场情绪，避免引发剧烈震荡。

Macroeconomic data is typically chosen to be released after the market closes on Friday, aiming to utilize the weekend time window to digest market sentiment and avoid triggering severe volatility.

Financial/economic terminology (宏观经济, 收盘, 市场情绪) used with precision.

他以一种近乎偏执的仪式感，在每个星期五的午夜准时销毁这一周所有的手稿。

With an almost paranoid sense of ritual, he punctually destroys all of the week's manuscripts at midnight every Friday.

Expressing complex psychological states (偏执的仪式感) with vivid imagery.

探讨'996'工作制时，我们不得不反思，当星期五被剥夺了其原有的休闲属性，劳动者的异化便达到了一个新的顶点。

When discussing the '996' work schedule, we must reflect that when Friday is stripped of its original leisure attributes, the alienation of the worker reaches a new apex.

Philosophical/Marxist critique terminology (异化 - alienation).

这首交响乐的终章，其节奏的紧凑与情感的宣泄，宛如一个喧嚣而又充满希冀的星期五夜晚。

The final movement of this symphony, with its compact rhythm and catharsis of emotion, is just like a clamorous yet hope-filled Friday night.

Artistic review using simile (宛如) and sophisticated adjectives (喧嚣, 希冀).

Collocations courantes

下个星期五

上个星期五

这个星期五

星期五早上

星期五晚上

每个星期五

星期五见

星期五下班

黑色星期五

星期五派对

Phrases Courantes

今天星期五

明天星期五

星期五有空吗

星期五去哪儿

星期五的计划

期待星期五

又到星期五

星期五快乐

星期五交报告

星期五开会

Souvent confondu avec

星期五 vs 星期四 (Thursday)

星期五 vs 星期六 (Saturday)

星期五 vs 五号 (the 5th of the month)

Expressions idiomatiques

Facile à confondre

星期五 vs

Structures de phrases

Comment l'utiliser

note 1

Do not use the word 号 (date) after 星期五. It is incorrect to say 星期五号.

note 2

To say 'Friday morning', the day comes first: 星期五早上.

Erreurs courantes

Placing 星期五 at the end of the sentence (e.g., 我去北京星期五).
Using the preposition 在 before 星期五 (e.g., 在星期五我工作).
Adding the word 号 (date) after 星期五 (e.g., 星期五号).
Confusing 星期五 with the 5th day of the month (五号).
Mispronouncing the tones, especially turning the third tone of 五 into a second tone.

Astuces

Time Before Action

Always remember the golden rule of Chinese grammar: Time comes before the verb. Never put 星期五 at the end of your sentence like you might in English.

The Number System

Mastering the days of the week is just about knowing numbers 1-6. Once you know 五 is 5, you instantly know Friday is the 5th day of the week.

Listen for Synonyms

Train your ears to recognize 周五 (zhōu wǔ) and 礼拜五 (lǐ bài wǔ). Native speakers use these interchangeably with 星期五 all the time.

Tone Practice

Practice the tones slowly: high-flat, high-flat, dipping (xīng qī wǔ). Getting the rhythm right makes you sound much more natural.

Use 周五 for Brevity

When writing emails or text messages, use 周五 instead of 星期五. It shows you have a good grasp of written Chinese conventions.

Weekend Anticipation

Use 星期五 to connect with people. Asking about Friday plans is a great, low-pressure way to start a conversation with a Chinese colleague or friend.

Drop the Preposition

Resist the urge to translate 'on' Friday. Do not use 在 (zài) before 星期五. Just state the day directly.

Date Format

When giving a full date, remember the order: Year, Month, Date, Day of Week. Example: 2023年, 5月, 12日, 星期五.

Answering Questions

When someone asks 今天星期几？, you don't need to repeat the whole sentence. Just saying 星期五 is a perfectly polite and natural response.

Visual Association

Associate the character 五 with the end of the workweek. Visualize a high-five (five) to celebrate the start of the weekend!

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of the stars (星) shining for a period (期) of five (五) days before the weekend begins.

Origine du mot

The term 星期 (xīng qī) originally referred to the meeting of the Weaver Girl and Cowherd stars in Chinese mythology, occurring once a year. In the late 19th century, it was adopted to translate the Western concept of a seven-day week, with numbers added to denote specific days.

Contexte culturel

周五 is formal and concise. 星期五 is standard and neutral. 礼拜五 is casual and colloquial.

In mainland China, 星期五 and 周五 are most common. In Taiwan and among older generations, 礼拜五 is frequently used.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"你这个星期五有什么计划？(What are your plans for this Friday?)"

"今天星期几？(What day is it today?)"

"我们星期五晚上去喝酒怎么样？(How about we go drinking on Friday night?)"

"你星期五几点下班？(What time do you get off work on Friday?)"

"上个星期五你去哪儿了？(Where did you go last Friday?)"

Sujets d'écriture

Describe your ideal Friday evening.

Write about what you did last Friday.

Explain why Friday is or isn't your favorite day of the week.

List three things you need to accomplish by this Friday.

Write a short dialogue inviting a friend to dinner on Friday.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, Chinese characters do not have uppercase or lowercase forms. You just write the characters as they are. If you are writing pinyin at the beginning of a sentence, you capitalize the first letter: Xīngqīwǔ.

While technically understandable, it sounds unnatural to native speakers. In English, we say 'on Friday', but in Chinese, you do not need a preposition. Just say 星期五 directly before the verb.

They mean exactly the same thing: Friday. 星期五 is the standard, full term. 周五 is an abbreviation that is slightly more formal and very common in written Chinese or business contexts.

礼拜五 is another synonym for Friday. It originated from Christian missionaries introducing the seven-day week, with 礼拜 meaning 'worship'. It is very common in spoken Chinese, especially in southern China and Taiwan.

You say 这个星期五 (zhè ge xīng qī wǔ). The word 这个 means 'this one'. You can also omit the measure word 个 and just say 这星期五, though the former is more common in speech.

No, this is a very common beginner mistake. Monday through Saturday use numbers 1-6. However, Sunday is 星期天 (xīng qī tiān) or 星期日 (xīng qī rì), using the characters for 'sky/day' or 'sun'.

Time words in Chinese must go before the verb. They can go either before the subject or immediately after the subject. For example: 星期五我去超市 OR 我星期五去超市. Both are correct.

You ask 今天星期几？ (jīn tiān xīng qī jǐ?). The word 几 (jǐ) is the question word for small numbers. To answer, you just replace 几 with the number of the day: 今天星期五.

Yes, native speakers often use 周五 (zhōu wǔ) when texting because it is shorter to type. You might also occasionally see 星五, but 周五 is much more standard and common.

You say 星期五晚上 (xīng qī wǔ wǎn shang). In Chinese, time expressions always go from the largest unit to the smallest unit. So the day (Friday) comes before the time of day (night).