和善 en 30 secondes
- 和善 (héshàn) means kind and good-natured.
- It describes a pleasant and friendly personality.
- Used for people who are gentle and approachable.
- A positive adjective for describing someone's character.
- Definition
- Kind and good-natured; friendly and pleasant.
- Usage
- This adjective describes a person's amiable and kind disposition. It's used to praise someone for their gentle and approachable nature. You might use it to describe a friendly neighbor, a helpful shopkeeper, or a generally pleasant individual.
- Connotation
- The word carries a very positive and warm feeling. It implies a lack of harshness or ill will, suggesting someone who is easy to get along with and who treats others with kindness.
我的邻居是一位非常和善的老太太，总是乐于助人。
The new teacher has a very 和善 demeanor, making students feel comfortable.
- Basic Structure
- In Chinese, 和善 (héshàn) is an adjective. It typically modifies nouns, especially people, or describes a state or manner. It can be used directly before a noun, or after a linking verb like 是 (shì) or 显得 (xiǎnde).
- Modifying Nouns
- When modifying a noun directly, especially a person, it's common to use it with a degree adverb like 很 (hěn - very) or 非常 (fēicháng - extremely) if you want to emphasize the kindness. For example, 和善的人 (héshàn de rén) means 'a kind person'.
- Describing a State
- You can also use it to describe someone's demeanor or attitude. For instance, 他/她显得很和善 (tā/tā xiǎnde hěn héshàn) means 'He/She appears very kind'.
- Common Combinations
- It pairs well with words describing people, such as 老师 (lǎoshī - teacher), 医生 (yīshēng - doctor), 邻居 (línjū - neighbor), 朋友 (péngyǒu - friend), or even animals like 狗狗 (gǒugou - dog).
这位和善的奶奶总是给我讲故事。
The librarian had a 和善 smile and helped me find the book I was looking for.
- Everyday Interactions
- You'll frequently hear 和善 used in everyday conversations when people are describing someone's positive character. For example, someone might say, "我新来的同事很和善" (Wǒ xīn lái de tóngshì hěn héshàn), meaning "My new colleague is very kind." It's a common way to give a simple, positive description of a person.
- Customer Service
- In service-oriented environments, such as shops, restaurants, or hotels, staff are often praised for being 和善. If you have a pleasant experience with a waiter or a shop assistant, you might describe them as 和善. For instance, "这家店的店员很和善，服务态度很好" (Zhè jiā diàn de diànyuán hěn héshàn, fúwù tàidù hěn hǎo), meaning "The staff at this shop are very kind, and their service attitude is excellent."
- Describing Elders
- It's very common to use 和善 when talking about elderly people, especially grandparents or kind older neighbors. This reflects a cultural appreciation for the gentle wisdom and warmth often associated with elders. A sentence like "我的祖母非常和善，总是在我遇到困难时安慰我" (Wǒ de zǔmǔ fēicháng héshàn, zǒng shì zài wǒ yùdào kùnnán shí ānwèi wǒ), meaning "My grandmother is very kind and always comforts me when I face difficulties," is a typical usage.
- Children's Behavior
- While less common than describing adults, 和善 can also be used to describe a child's gentle and good-natured behavior, especially in contrast to being mischievous or difficult. For example, "这个孩子很和善，从来不惹麻烦" (Zhège háizi hěn héshàn, cónglái bù rě máfan), meaning "This child is very kind-natured and never causes trouble."
In a bustling market, I found a stall owner with a 和善 smile who patiently explained his products.
- Confusing with Similar Words
- Learners might confuse 和善 (héshàn) with words like 友好 (yǒuhǎo - friendly) or 善良 (shànliáng - kind-hearted). While related, 和善 specifically emphasizes a gentle, pleasant, and approachable demeanor. 友好 is more about general friendliness, and 善良 focuses on inherent goodness and compassion. For example, you might say someone is 善良 (shànliáng) because they donate to charity, but you'd describe their interaction with you as 和善 (héshàn) if they were polite and pleasant.
- Overuse with Abstract Nouns
- 和善 is primarily used to describe people or their actions/demeanor. It's not typically used for abstract concepts or inanimate objects. Saying "这个想法很和善" (Zhège xiǎngfǎ hěn héshàn - This idea is kind) would sound unnatural. You might describe an idea as 'good' (好 - hǎo) or 'helpful' (有帮助 - yǒu bāngzhù) instead.
- Incorrect Degree Adverbs
- While 很 (hěn) is often used with adjectives, sometimes native speakers might omit it for 和善 if the context is clear, or use other adverbs like 十分 (shífēn - very, extremely) for stronger emphasis. However, using very strong adverbs like 极其 (jíqí - extremely) might sound a bit too formal or intense for the gentle nature of 和善.
Incorrect: 她有一个和善的计划。(This idea is kind.)
- 和善 (héshàn)
- Kind and good-natured; friendly and pleasant. Emphasizes a gentle, approachable, and amiable disposition.
- 善良 (shànliáng)
- Kind-hearted, good, virtuous. Focuses on inner goodness, moral character, and a strong sense of compassion. It's about the inherent quality of being good.
- 友好 (yǒuhǎo)
- Friendly. Describes outward friendliness and amicability in interactions. It's about being approachable and having a positive social attitude.
- 和蔼 (hé'ǎi)
- Amiable, kindly. Very similar to 和善, often used for older people or those in positions of authority. It implies a gentle, benevolent, and somewhat dignified kindness.
- 温和 (wēnhé)
- Gentle, mild, moderate. Can describe personality, temperament, or even climate. When applied to personality, it means calm and not easily angered.
Comparison: My teacher is very 和善 (héshàn), always smiling. She is also 善良 (shànliáng), always helping students in need.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The character 和 (hé) itself is composed of 'rice' (禾) and 'mouth' (口), suggesting that sharing food (rice) brings harmony. This reinforces the idea of peaceful coexistence and pleasant interactions, which is central to the meaning of 和善.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing the 'h' too strongly or too weakly.
- Incorrect vowel sound in the first syllable.
- Not stressing the second syllable sufficiently.
Niveau de difficulté
The character combination is relatively straightforward, and the meaning is common. Most learners at the A2 level will encounter and understand this word easily in context. Its frequent use in everyday descriptions contributes to its accessibility.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Exemples par niveau
他很和善。
He is very kind.
Simple sentence with subject + adjective.
她总是和善地笑。
She always smiles kindly.
Adverb modifying a verb.
这是一个和善的人。
This is a kind person.
Subject + verb + adjective + noun.
他看着很和善。
He looks very kind.
Subject + verb + adjective.
我的老师很和善。
My teacher is very kind.
Possessive pronoun + noun + adjective.
那个奶奶很和善。
That grandmother is very kind.
Demonstrative pronoun + noun + adjective.
他是一个和善的人。
He is a kind person.
Subject + verb + classifier + adjective + noun.
她对我很和善。
She is kind to me.
Subject + prepositional phrase + adjective.
邻居是一位和善的老太太。
The neighbor is a kind old lady.
Noun + verb + classifier + adjective + noun.
他总是用和善的语气和我说话。
He always speaks to me in a kind tone.
Adjective modifying 'tone' (语气).
看到这只可爱的狗狗，我感到很和善。
Seeing this cute dog, I felt very kind-hearted.
Adjective describing a feeling.
这位医生非常和善，病人都不怕他。
This doctor is very kind, and patients are not afraid of him.
Using '非常' for emphasis.
她的笑容很和善，让人感到很舒服。
Her smile is very kind, making people feel comfortable.
Adjective describing a smile.
他对待动物总是很和善。
He is always kind to animals.
Prepositional phrase indicating the object of kindness.
新来的老师有着和善的面孔。
The new teacher has a kind face.
Adjective modifying 'face' (面孔).
孩子们喜欢和和善的成年人玩。
Children like to play with kind adults.
Adjective modifying 'adults' (成年人).
他虽然外表看起来严肃，但内心非常和善。
Although he looks serious on the outside, he is very kind-hearted inside.
Using conjunctions (虽然...但) to contrast appearance and inner nature.
这位老教授以其和善的教学风格而闻名。
This old professor is famous for his kind teaching style.
Adjective modifying 'teaching style' (教学风格).
她用一种和善的方式向我解释了错误。
She explained the mistake to me in a kind manner.
Describing the manner of an action.
在困难时期，他的和善给了我很大的支持。
During difficult times, his kindness gave me great support.
Using the adjective as a noun (implied: his kind nature).
尽管工作很忙，她对待每一位客户都保持着和善的态度。
Despite being busy with work, she maintains a kind attitude towards every customer.
Adjective modifying 'attitude' (态度).
这只导盲犬非常和善，能够很好地帮助主人。
This guide dog is very kind and can help its owner very well.
Describing the temperament of an animal.
他以其和善的言行赢得了大家的尊重。
He won everyone's respect with his kind words and deeds.
Adjective modifying 'words and deeds' (言行).
她的和善并非软弱，而是一种内在的力量。
Her kindness is not weakness, but an inner strength.
Using '并非...而是' for contrast.
这位慈善家以其对弱势群体的和善态度而广受赞誉。
This philanthropist is widely praised for his kind attitude towards vulnerable groups.
More complex sentence structure with a longer descriptive clause.
他对待初学者总是显得格外和善，耐心指导。
He always appears particularly kind to beginners, patiently guiding them.
Using adverbs like '格外' (exceptionally) and '耐心' (patiently).
在处理复杂的人际关系时，保持和善是一种智慧。
When dealing with complex interpersonal relationships, maintaining kindness is a form of wisdom.
Using the adjective in an abstract context related to wisdom.
她和善的微笑能够瞬间融化人们心中的冰冷。
Her kind smile can instantly melt the coldness in people's hearts.
Figurative language and poetic description.
尽管面临巨大压力，他依然保持着和善的姿态。
Despite facing immense pressure, he still maintains a kind posture.
Using '依然' (still) and '姿态' (posture/attitude).
那种不带任何功利色彩的和善，尤为可贵。
That kind of kindness, devoid of any utilitarian motive, is especially precious.
Describing a specific type of kindness with nuanced vocabulary.
他的和善并非刻意为之，而是源于他真诚的内心。
His kindness is not deliberate, but stems from his sincere heart.
Using '并非...而是源于' to explain the origin of the trait.
在与不同文化背景的人交流时，展现出和善的态度至关重要。
When communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds, showing a kind attitude is crucial.
Emphasis on the importance of kindness in cross-cultural communication.
他身上散发出的那股与生俱来的和善，让他在任何社交场合都显得游刃有余。
The innate kindness that emanates from him makes him appear at ease in any social situation.
Complex sentence with idiomatic expressions and advanced vocabulary.
尽管身居高位，他却从未失却那份对普通人的和善与尊重。
Despite holding a high position, he has never lost that kindness and respect for ordinary people.
Using '身居高位' (hold a high position) and '失却' (lose).
她以其近乎宗教般的热忱和对所有生命的无限和善，赢得了世人的尊敬。
With her almost religious fervor and boundless kindness towards all life, she earned the respect of the world.
Figurative language and elevated vocabulary.
在那个充满敌意的环境中，他的和善显得尤为突出，如同一股清流。
In that hostile environment, his kindness stood out particularly, like a refreshing stream.
Metaphorical comparison ('如同一股清流').
理解他行为背后的和善动机，是解开他复杂性格的关键。
Understanding the kind motives behind his actions is key to unlocking his complex personality.
Abstract noun phrase and complex sentence structure.
只有那些真正内心强大的人，才能始终保持与人为善的态度，而不被外界的喧嚣所扰。
Only those who are truly strong inside can consistently maintain a kind attitude towards others without being disturbed by external clamor.
Conditional clause and advanced vocabulary.
她的艺术作品中流淌着一种深刻的和善，触动了无数观众的心灵。
A profound kindness flows through her artwork, touching the souls of countless viewers.
Describing the emotional impact of art.
在人际交往中，刻意表现的和善往往不如发自内心的自然流露。
In interpersonal communication, deliberately displayed kindness is often less effective than natural expressions from the heart.
Contrast between artificial and genuine behavior.
他身上那种与生俱来的、不求回报的和善，是对这个功利社会的一种无声的抗议。
The innate, unrequited kindness emanating from him is a silent protest against this utilitarian society.
Complex sentence with abstract concepts and philosophical undertones.
唯有那些洞悉人性深处的人，才能真正理解并实践这种超越表象的和善。
Only those who have insight into the depths of human nature can truly understand and practice this kindness that transcends appearances.
Sophisticated vocabulary and abstract philosophical concepts.
她的每一次善举，都折射出她那份源远流长、体恤众生的和善情怀。
Each of her benevolent acts reflects her long-standing and compassionate kindness towards all beings.
Elevated language and emphasis on deep-seated qualities.
在历史的长河中，那些伟大的灵魂之所以被铭记，往往是因为他们身上所展现出的非凡和善。
Throughout the long river of history, great souls are remembered often because of the extraordinary kindness they exhibited.
Historical context and abstract reflection.
那种不带任何评判、纯粹的接纳与和善，是治愈心灵创伤的良药。
That kind of non-judgmental, pure acceptance and kindness is a good medicine for healing emotional wounds.
Describing the therapeutic effect of kindness.
他能够以一种近乎神圣的和善，化解最尖锐的矛盾，抚平最深的裂痕。
He can resolve the sharpest conflicts and mend the deepest rifts with an almost divine kindness.
Hyperbole and elevated descriptive language.
理解一个人真正的和善，需要超越其言辞和行为的表象，去感受其内在的意图和情感。
To understand a person's true kindness, one needs to go beyond the surface of their words and actions to feel their inner intentions and emotions.
Emphasis on depth of understanding and perception.
她的和善并非软弱可欺，而是一种不动声色的强大，一种对生命本质的深刻洞察。
Her kindness is not weakness to be bullied, but an unstated strength, a profound insight into the essence of life.
Complex contrast and philosophical interpretation.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— Very kind and good-natured.
我的邻居非常和善，总是乐于助人。(Wǒ de línjū fēicháng héshàn, zǒng shì lèyú zhùrén. - My neighbor is very kind and always happy to help.)
— To be kind and friendly towards others.
她对待每个人都非常和善，所以大家都很喜欢她。(Tā duìdài měi gèrén dōu fēicháng héshàn, suǒyǐ dàjiā dōu hěn xǐhuān tā. - She is very kind to everyone, so everyone likes her very much.)
— A kind and pleasant smile.
他脸上总是挂着和善的笑容，让人感到温暖。(Tā liǎn shàng zǒng shì guàzhe héshàn de xiàoróng, ràng rén gǎndào wēnnuǎn. - He always has a kind smile on his face, which makes people feel warm.)
— A kind and friendly attitude.
这位老师对学生们总是保持着和善的态度。(Zhè wèi lǎoshī duì xuéshēngmen zǒng shì bǎochízhe héshàn de tàidù. - This teacher always maintains a kind attitude towards the students.)
— Kind and gentle eyes.
从他那和善的眼神中，我能看出他是个好人。(Cóng tā nà héshàn de yǎnshén zhōng, wǒ néng kàn chū tā shì gè hǎorén. - From his kind eyes, I can tell he is a good person.)
— A kind and gentle tone of voice.
她用和善的语气安慰了哭泣的孩子。(Tā yòng héshàn de yǔqì ānwèi le kūqì de háizi. - She comforted the crying child in a kind tone.)
— To appear kind and good-natured.
尽管他看起来有点严肃，但他其实显得很和善。(Tā jǐnguǎn tā kàn qǐlái yǒudiǎn yánsù, dàn tā qíshí xiǎnde hěn héshàn. - Although he looks a bit serious, he actually appears very kind.)
— Kind-hearted; having a good nature from within.
他虽然不善言辞，但内心非常和善。(Tā suīrán bù shàn yáncí, dàn nèixīn fēicháng héshàn. - Although he is not eloquent, he is very kind-hearted inside.)
— Kind and approachable; amiable.
那位老奶奶和善可亲，孩子们都喜欢找她玩。(Nà wèi lǎo nǎinai héshàn kěqīn, háizimen dōu xǐhuān zhǎo tā wán. - That old grandmother is kind and approachable, and the children all like to play with her.)
— To be known for one's kindness and good nature.
这位医生以其对病人的和善著称。(Zhè wèi yīshēng yǐ qí duì bìngrén de héshàn zhùchēng. - This doctor is known for his kindness to patients.)
Expressions idiomatiques
— To have a pleasant and amiable expression; to speak in a kind and gentle tone.
他总是对人面带和颜悦色，让人感到亲切。(Tā zǒng shì duì rén miàn dài héyán yuèsè, ràng rén gǎndào qīnqiè. - He always has a pleasant expression towards people, making them feel warm.)
Formal— Kind-looking eyebrows and gentle eyes; describes a person with a benevolent and kind appearance.
这位老爷爷慈眉善目，一看就知道是个好人。(Zhè wèi lǎo yéye cí méi shàn mù, yī kàn jiù zhīdào shì gè hǎorén. - This old grandpa has kind eyebrows and gentle eyes; you know he's a good person at first glance.)
Neutral— Easy to approach; amiable and accessible.
尽管他是大公司的老板，但他非常平易近人。(Jǐnguǎn tā shì dà gōngsī de lǎobǎn, dàn tā fēicháng píngyì jìnrén. - Although he is the boss of a big company, he is very approachable.)
Neutral— To be modest and open-minded; to have a humble and receptive attitude.
他虽然年纪轻轻，却虚怀若谷，乐于听取别人的意见。(Tā suīrán niánjì qīngqīng, què xūhuái ruò gǔ, lèyú tīngqǔ biérén de yìjiàn. - Although he is young, he is very modest and open-minded, and happy to listen to others' opinions.)
Formal— To have an old-fashioned sense of righteousness and warm-heartedness; to be chivalrous and helpful.
他是一位古道热肠的人，总是愿意帮助有需要的人。(Tā shì yī wèi gǔdào rècháng de rén, zǒng shì yuànyì bāngzhù yǒu xūyào de rén. - He is a warm-hearted person with a sense of righteousness, always willing to help those in need.)
Formal— To be kind to others; to treat people with kindness.
我们应该始终与人为善，尊重他人。(Wǒmen yīnggāi shǐzhōng yǔ rén wéi shàn, zūnzhòng tārén. - We should always be kind to others and respect them.)
Neutral— Kind-hearted and soft-hearted; unable to bear seeing others suffer.
她心慈面软，看到小动物受苦就忍不住落泪。(Tā xīn cí miàn ruǎn, kàn dào xiǎo dòngwù shòukǔ jiù rěn bù zhù luò lèi. - She is kind-hearted and soft-hearted; she can't help but shed tears when she sees small animals suffering.)
Informal— Gentle, kind, respectful, frugal, and yielding; a set of traditional virtues.
古人推崇温良恭俭让的美德。(Gǔrén tuīchóng wēn liáng gōng jiǎn ràng de měidé. - The ancients advocated the virtues of gentleness, kindness, respect, frugality, and yielding.)
Formal— Of high moral standing and great prestige; respected elder.
这位老教授德高望重，深受学生爱戴。(Zhè wèi lǎo jiàoshòu dé gāo wàng zhòng, shēn shòu xuéshēng àidài. - This old professor is of high moral standing and great prestige, deeply loved by his students.)
Formal— Benevolent heart and skillful technique; often used to describe doctors who are both compassionate and proficient.
这位医生仁心仁术，是病人的福音。(Zhè wèi yīshēng rén xīn rén shù, shì bìngrén de fúyīn. - This doctor has a benevolent heart and skillful technique, a blessing for patients.)
FormalFamille de mots
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a 'he' (和 - hé) who is 'shan' (善 - shàn) to everyone. He always brings peace and is good to all. This 'he-shan' is a very kind person.
Association visuelle
Picture a gentle breeze (和 - hé for harmony/gentleness) carrying seeds of goodness (善 - shàn for good). This image represents a kind and spreading goodness.
Word Web
Défi
Try to use 和善 (héshàn) to describe three different people you know or have met. Write a short sentence for each, explaining why you think they are 和善 (héshàn).
Origine du mot
The word 和善 (héshàn) is a compound word formed by two characters: 和 (hé) and 善 (shàn). 和 means 'harmony', 'peace', 'gentle', or 'mild'. 善 means 'good', 'virtuous', 'kind', or 'skillful'. Together, they convey the meaning of being harmoniously good or gently kind.
Sens originel : The combination of 'harmony' and 'goodness' directly translates to a disposition that is both peaceful and virtuous, leading to a kind and pleasant nature.
Sino-TibetanContexte culturel
和善 is a universally positive term and does not carry any negative connotations. It's a safe and appreciated compliment in most social situations.
While direct equivalents like 'kind,' 'good-natured,' or 'amiable' exist in English, 和善 often carries a slightly more nuanced implication of gentle pleasantness and approachability, especially when describing demeanor. It's less about deep moral goodness (like 'virtuous') and more about a pleasing social presence.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Describing a person's personality.
- 他很和善。
- 她是个和善的人。
- 他对待人很和善。
Describing someone's demeanor or expression.
- 和善的笑容。
- 和善的态度。
- 和善的眼神。
Praising someone's interaction.
- 他用和善的语气和我说话。
- 她待人很和善。
- 非常和善。
Describing elders or respected individuals.
Summary
和善 (héshàn) is an adjective that describes a person's kind, good-natured, and friendly disposition. It's used to praise someone for being pleasant, approachable, and gentle in their interactions.
- 和善 (héshàn) means kind and good-natured.
- It describes a pleasant and friendly personality.
- Used for people who are gentle and approachable.
- A positive adjective for describing someone's character.
Exemple
这位老奶奶很和善，总是面带微笑。
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