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B1 noun #4,000 le plus courant 8 min de lecture

花样

huāyàng Top 4,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 花样 en 30 secondes

Explication 花样 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know the most basic meaning of 花样 (huāyàng): 'pattern.' Imagine you are looking at a shirt with flowers or stripes on it. That visual design is the 花样. You might say 'I like this pattern' (我喜欢这个花样). At this stage, don't worry about the complex meanings like 'tricks' or 'variety.' Just think of it as a noun for 'design' on clothes or paper. It is a combination of 'flower' (花) and 'shape/sample' (样). Think of it as 'flower-style.' If you go to a market, you can point at different fabrics and use this word. It's a very visual and concrete word for beginners. You can also remember it in the context of simple sports if you like watching the Olympics, as 'figure skating' uses this word. Keep it simple: Pattern = 花样.

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For A2 learners, 花样 (huāyàng) starts to include the idea of 'variety.' You might hear it in a restaurant when the waiter describes a dish that is prepared in many 'styles' or 'variations.' You can use it to describe a breakfast that has many different things to eat: 花样早餐. You should also recognize it as a fixed part of certain sports names like 花样滑冰 (figure skating). At this level, you are moving beyond just 'floral prints' to 'different ways of doing things.' You might also see it in shopping contexts where a shop has 'many patterns' (花样很多) of a certain product. It’s important to start noticing that 花样 isn't just about flowers; it's about any decorative pattern or any diverse set of styles. You can practice by describing the different patterns on your friends' clothes or the different styles of food in a food court.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with both the literal and the more abstract meanings of 花样 (huāyàng). This includes the common usage meaning 'variety' or 'diverse styles.' For example, 花样繁多 (a great variety) is a very useful phrase for describing anything from a menu to a selection of books. You should also be introduced to the metaphorical meaning: 'tricks' or 'gimmicks.' This is often used with the verb 耍 (shuǎ - to play) or 玩 (wán - to play). If someone is being dishonest or trying to confuse you with unnecessary complexity, they are 'playing tricks' (耍花样). You should be able to distinguish 花样 from 样子 (appearance) and 款式 (style/model). B1 learners should use 花样 to describe not just what things look like, but how varied and interesting (or deceptively complex) they are. It’s a word that adds color and nuance to your descriptions of objects and actions.

By B2, you should master the nuance of 花样 (huāyàng) in different registers. In formal writing, you can use it to describe the 'intricate patterns' of a cultural heritage item or the 'diverse forms' of a social phenomenon. In colloquial speech, you should understand the sarcasm when someone says '你花样真多' (you really have a lot of tricks/ways), which could be a playful comment on someone's creativity or a sharp criticism of their manipulative behavior. You should also be familiar with famous cultural references, such as the film '花样年华' (In the Mood for Love), and understand that here, 花样 evokes the beauty and fragility of a flower-like youth. You should be able to use the word in complex sentence structures, such as '尽管他耍尽了花样，最后还是失败了' (Despite using every trick in the book, he failed in the end). At this level, you are expected to understand the emotional weight and the social context behind the word.

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C1 learners should explore the etymological and literary depths of 花样 (huāyàng). Originally referring to the paper cutouts used as templates for embroidery in the Tang and Song dynasties, the word carries a historical weight of craftsmanship. You should be able to use it in discussions about art history, textile evolution, and even psychological manipulation. In professional contexts, 花样 might refer to the 'bells and whistles' of a software product or a marketing campaign that lacks substance. You should be able to distinguish between 花样, 伎俩 (jìliǎng - trick/maneuver), and 策略 (cèlüè - strategy). A C1 speaker knows that 花样 often implies a certain level of superficiality—it’s about the 'surface pattern' rather than the 'inner core.' You should also be able to appreciate how the word is used in modern literature to describe the kaleidoscopic and sometimes deceptive nature of urban life.

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At the C2 level, 花样 (huāyàng) is used with total precision and cultural resonance. You can use it to critique the 'baroque' complexity of a political system or the 'ornamental' nature of a piece of rhetoric. You understand its role in regional dialects and how its meaning might slightly shift in different Chinese-speaking communities. You can use it in high-level literary analysis to discuss themes of appearance vs. reality, or the transience of beauty (as in 花样年华). You are also aware of very specific technical uses, such as in the textile industry or professional sports judging. At this level, you might use the word to describe the 'multifaceted' nature of a complex argument, or to dismiss an opponent's point as mere 'stylistic flourish' (口舌花样). Your mastery allows you to use the word's inherent tension between 'beautiful design' and 'deceptive trickery' to create sophisticated irony in your speech and writing.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

花样 en 30 secondes

花样 primarily means 'pattern' or 'design' on materials like cloth.
It also describes a 'variety' or 'diverse range' of items or activities.
In sports, it designates 'figure' or 'artistic' categories like figure skating.
Informally, it often refers to 'tricks' or 'gimmicks' used to deceive someone.

The Chinese word 花样 (huāyàng) is a versatile noun that primarily refers to a pattern, design, or decorative variety. At its most literal level, it describes the physical motifs found on textiles, paper, or crafts. However, its usage extends far beyond the loom. In modern Mandarin, it encapsulates the concept of variety, novelty, and even metaphorical 'tricks' or 'gimmicks.' Understanding this word requires looking at its two characters: 花 (huā) meaning flower or decorative, and 样 (yàng) meaning shape, style, or sample. Together, they originally described floral patterns on embroidery, which were the height of fashion in ancient China. Today, if you are shopping for a dress in a boutique in Shanghai, you might comment on the 花样 of the silk. If you are at a restaurant with a massive menu, you might be overwhelmed by the 花样繁多 (huge variety) of dishes. In a more cynical context, if someone is trying to deceive you with clever but superficial tactics, you might tell them to stop 'playing tricks' (耍花样).

Textile and Design Context: In the world of fashion and interior design, 花样 refers specifically to the visual arrangement of colors and shapes. It is the 'print' on a fabric. For example, a traditional batik might have intricate geometric 花样, while a modern wallpaper might feature minimalist 花样.

这种绸缎的花样非常复古，深受老年人喜爱。 (The pattern of this silk is very vintage and is well-loved by elderly people.)

Variety and Novelty: When applied to abstract concepts, 花样 suggests a range of different styles or ways of doing something. It implies that something is not monotonous. In marketing, a brand might release 'new varieties' (新花样) to keep consumers interested.

别跟我耍花样，实话实说吧。 (Don't play tricks with me; just tell the truth.)

Artistic Sports: In sports terminology, 花样 is the standard prefix for 'figure' or 'artistic' versions of sports. Examples include 花样滑冰 (figure skating) and 花样游泳 (synchronized swimming), where the 'pattern' or 'style' of movement is the focus of the competition.

厨师把这些点心做出了各种花样。 (The chef made these pastries into various decorative patterns/styles.)

Using 花样 correctly involves identifying whether you are discussing a physical design, a variety of options, or a behavioral trait. As a noun, it often follows adjectives like 新 (xīn - new), 多 (duō - many), or 复杂 (fùzá - complex). It can act as the subject or object of a sentence. When describing the sheer number of variations, the four-character idiom 花样繁多 (huāyàng fánduō) is highly common and formal. This is used when a selection is impressively diverse, such as the inventory of a store or the types of activities at a festival. Conversely, in casual conversation, 出新花样 (chū xīn huāyàng) means to come up with something new and creative, often used in a positive light regarding innovation.

这本杂志介绍了很多编织的花样。 (This magazine introduces many knitting patterns.)

Grammatically, 花样 can be quantified using the measure word 种 (zhǒng - type) or 个 (gè - general). For instance, 'three types of patterns' would be 三种花样. In the context of sports, it functions as a modifier for the noun. It doesn't just mean 'pattern skating'; it defines the category of the sport itself. When you see 花样 preceding a verb-noun sport name, it indicates a focus on aesthetics and technical patterns rather than just speed or distance.

Negative Connotation: Gimmicks: When someone says '别玩花样' (bié wán huāyàng), they are telling you 'don't play games' or 'don't try to be clever to deceive me.' In this sense, 花样 represents a deviation from the simple, honest path. It suggests that the complexity is unnecessary or dishonest.

他为了推销产品，搞出了不少花样。 (He came up with many gimmicks to promote the product.)

In daily life, you will hear 花样 in several distinct environments. First, in the retail and fashion world, it is the go-to word for discussing prints and designs. Salespeople might use it to highlight the variety of their stock. Secondly, in the kitchen or at a restaurant, it describes the diversity of the menu or the elaborate ways food is prepared. A '花样早餐' (huāyàng zǎocān) isn't just a pattern on a pancake; it's a breakfast spread with many different small dishes and creative presentations. You’ll also hear it frequently during the Winter Olympics or international swimming competitions. Commentators will use 花样滑冰 (figure skating) and 花样游泳 (synchronized swimming) constantly. These terms are fixed and never substituted with other words for 'pattern.'

今晚电视上有花样滑冰比赛，你看不看？ (There's a figure skating competition on TV tonight, do you want to watch?)

In the workplace or social interactions, the word takes on its more metaphorical meaning. If a manager says a plan has 'too many gimmicks' (花样太多), they are criticizing it for being over-complicated or focusing on superficial aspects rather than substance. Parents might also use it with children who are trying to avoid a task by coming up with creative excuses: '你哪来这么多花样？' (Where did you get all these tricks/excuses?). This highlights the word's flexibility across formal and informal registers.

Cultural Nuance: In the phrase '花样年华' (huāyàng niánhuá), which is the Chinese title of the famous movie 'In the Mood for Love,' the word 花样 refers to 'years like flowers' or the 'prime of youth.' Here, it evokes beauty, transience, and the intricate patterns of life and emotion.

One of the most frequent errors learners make is confusing 花样 (huāyàng) with 样子 (yàngzi). While both share the character 样, 样子 refers to the general appearance, look, or manner of a person or thing. You would use 样子 to say 'He looks tired,' but you would never use 花样 there. 花样 is specifically about the *internal* design or the *variety* of options, not the overall external appearance. Another common mistake is using 花样 when you mean 图案 (tú'àn). While they are close, 图案 is more technical and strictly refers to a visual design or diagram. You wouldn't use 图案 to mean 'tricks' or 'varieties of food.'

Incorrect: 他的花样很累。 (His pattern is very tired.)
Correct: 他的样子很累。 (He looks very tired.)

Furthermore, learners often struggle with the negative connotation of 耍花样. They might accidentally use it in a positive context, thinking it means 'being creative.' While 'playing with patterns' sounds creative in English, in Chinese, 耍花样 is almost exclusively negative. If you want to praise someone's creativity, use 有创意 (yǒu chuàngyì) or 出新意 (chū xīnyì) instead. Lastly, remember that 花样 is a noun. You cannot use it as an adjective directly (e.g., 'a pattern dress' is not '一个花样连衣裙', but rather '花样繁多的连衣裙' or '有花样的连衣裙').

Distinction Summary

花样: Pattern, design, variety, tricks.
样子: Look, appearance, manner.
图案: Technical design, motif, diagram.
款式: Style, model (usually for clothing or cars).

To master 花样, you must distinguish it from its synonyms. The closest relative is 图案 (tú'àn). While 花样 is used for fabric and general variety, 图案 is the term for a formal design, often decorative or symbolic, found on ancient pottery, flags, or architectural blueprints. It is more static and artistic. Another similar word is 款式 (kuǎnshì), which refers specifically to the 'cut' or 'model' of a product, particularly clothing or electronics. If you like the *print* on a shirt, you like the 花样; if you like the *shape* and *size* of the shirt, you like the 款式.

花样 vs. 种类 (zhǒnglèi): 种类 is a more scientific or formal word for 'category' or 'type.' While 花样繁多 implies a colorful, diverse variety, 种类繁多 is a neutral statement of fact about the number of species or items. Use 花样 when the variety is meant to be attractive or interesting.

比较：
- 这件衣服的花样很特别 (The pattern/print is unique).
- 这件衣服的款式很时髦 (The cut/style is fashionable).

In the context of 'tricks,' 花样 can be replaced by 诡计 (guǐjì) or 手段 (shǒuduàn) in more formal or serious contexts. 诡计 means 'deceptive scheme' or 'plot,' which is much stronger than the somewhat colloquial 花样. 手段 refers to 'means' or 'methods,' often implying they are manipulative. If someone is being tricky in a small way, 花样 is appropriate; if they are orchestrating a major fraud, 诡计 is the better choice.

Summary Table

花样: Focus on visual pattern or variety of styles.
图案: Focus on the artistic/technical design.
款式: Focus on the model/cut/physical style.
招数 (zhāoshù): Focus on moves or 'tricks' in a game or fight.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

During the Song Dynasty, '花样' became so popular that professional pattern-makers existed solely to design new floral motifs for the growing silk industry. This is why the word still carries a connotation of 'novelty' and 'creativity' today.

Guide de prononciation

UK huā yàng

US huā yàng

Primary stress is on the first syllable 'huā', but both syllables are clearly enunciated.

Rime avec

家样 (jiāyàng) 多样 (duōyàng) 榜样 (bǎngyàng) 模样 (múyàng) 同样 (tóngyàng) 这样 (zhèyàng) 那样 (nàyàng) 怎么样 (zěnmeyàng)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'yàng' as 'yáng' (rising tone), which sounds like 'ocean' or 'sheep'.
Making the 'h' too harsh in 'huā'.
Merging the two sounds into one syllable.
Pronouncing 'huā' with a falling tone.
Pronouncing 'yàng' with a flat tone.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

The characters are relatively common, but understanding the context (literal vs. abstract) requires care.

Écriture 4/5

Writing '样' correctly requires attention to the radicals (木 + 羊).

Expression orale 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but using the correct tone for 'yàng' is key for clarity.

Écoute 3/5

Easily confused with '样子' or '海洋' if the listener is not attentive to tones and context.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

花样子颜色漂亮衣服

Apprends ensuite

图案款式繁多欺骗滑冰

Avancé

修辞伎俩诡计刺绣锦绣

Grammaire à connaître

Using '种' to categorize '花样'.

这种花样很罕见。

Positioning '花样' as a modifier in sports terms.

花样滑冰 (Figure skating).

Verb-Object structure with 耍 (shuǎ).

他在耍花样。

Adjective + '的' modifying '花样'.

复杂的花样。

Using '花样繁多' as a predicate.

这里的商品花样繁多。

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Exemples par niveau

这个花样很漂亮。

This pattern is very pretty.

Subject + 很 + Adjective.

我不喜欢这个花样。

I don't like this pattern.

Negative sentence with 不.

衣服上有花样。

There are patterns on the clothes.

Location + 有 + Object.

这是什么花样？

What pattern is this?

Question with 什么.

她喜欢红色的花样。

She likes red patterns.

Subject + Verb + Adjective + 的 + Noun.

这个花样很老。

This pattern is very old.

Using 老 to mean old-fashioned.

我看这个花样。

I am looking at this pattern.

Simple SVO structure.

书里有很多花样。

There are many patterns in the book.

Location + 有 + 很多 + Object.

商店里有很多种花样。

There are many kinds of patterns in the shop.

Using 种 as a measure word.

他会做各种花样的点心。

He can make various styles of pastries.

各种 (various) modifying the noun.

这件衬衫的花样很新颖。

The pattern of this shirt is very novel.

Possessive marker 的 connecting shirt and pattern.

你会花样滑冰吗？

Can you do figure skating?

Fixed term: 花样滑冰.

妈妈买了一块有花样的布。

Mom bought a piece of cloth with patterns.

Using 有...的 to describe the noun.

这些花样太复杂了。

These patterns are too complex.

太...了 structure for excess.

我们换个花样玩吧。

Let's play in a different way/style.

Abstract use of 花样 meaning 'style' or 'way'.

他做菜有很多花样。

He has many ways/styles of cooking.

Describing variety in a skill.

市场上的商品花样繁多。

The goods in the market have a huge variety of styles.

Using the idiom 花样繁多.

别跟我玩花样，快说实话。

Don't play tricks with me, tell the truth quickly.

Negative imperative with 别 and 玩花样.

这种墙纸的花样很适合卧室。

The pattern of this wallpaper is very suitable for the bedroom.

Using 适合 (suitable) in a sentence.

她总是能出一些新花样来吸引顾客。

She can always come up with some new gimmicks to attract customers.

Verb phrase 出新花样.

花样游泳是一项很美的运动。

Synchronized swimming is a very beautiful sport.

Fixed term: 花样游泳.

这块布的花样已经过时了。

The pattern of this cloth is already out of date.

Using 过时 (outdated).

他为了骗钱，搞了许多花样。

He used many tricks to swindle money.

Using 搞 (to do/engage in) with 花样.

这些花样都是机器印上去的。

These patterns are all printed on by machines.

Passive meaning with 是...的.

这部电影展现了那个时代的花样年华。

This movie showcases the prime of youth of that era.

Idiomatic use of 花样年华.

他嘴上说得好听，其实是在耍花样。

He says nice things, but actually he is playing tricks.

Contrast using 其实 (actually).

设计师在花样上花了很多心思。

The designer put a lot of thought into the patterns.

花心思 (to put in effort/thought) regarding the pattern.

这种新型材料可以变出不同的花样。

This new material can transform into different patterns/forms.

Using 变出 (to transform into).

他的表演花样百出，让人目不暇接。

His performance was full of variety/tricks, keeping the audience spellbound.

Using the idiom 花样百出.

不要被那些表面上的花样所迷惑。

Don't be deceived by those superficial gimmicks.

Passive structure with 被...所.

这种刺绣花样具有浓郁的民族特色。

This embroidery pattern has strong ethnic characteristics.

Using 具有 (to possess/have) with abstract nouns.

生活需要一点花样来点缀。

Life needs a little variety to embellish it.

Metaphorical use of 花样 as variety.

作者笔下的文字花样繁复，极具美感。

The writing under the author's pen is intricate and varied, possessing great aesthetic sense.

Literary use for writing style.

这种营销花样虽然暂时有效，但难以持久。

Although this marketing gimmick is temporarily effective, it is hard to sustain.

Using 难以 (hard to) with a verb.

他试图通过玩弄文字花样来掩盖事实真相。

He tried to cover up the truth by playing word games.

玩弄...花样 (to play with/manipulate patterns/tricks).

这套瓷器的花样吸收了西方的艺术元素。

The patterns of this porcelain set have absorbed Western artistic elements.

Describing cultural fusion in design.

在花样滑冰中，技术分和艺术分同样重要。

In figure skating, technical scores and artistic scores are equally important.

Using 同样 (equally) in a comparison.

老艺人手中的剪纸花样千变万化。

The paper-cutting patterns in the old artist's hands are ever-changing.

Using the idiom 千变万化 (ever-changing).

我们需要警惕那些打着创新旗号的耍花样行为。

We need to be vigilant against trickery that happens under the banner of innovation.

打着...旗号 (under the banner of).

这件礼服的花样设计灵感来源于大自然。

The design inspiration for the patterns on this gown comes from nature.

灵感来源于 (inspiration originates from).

其修辞之花样，实则为了粉饰其逻辑之匮乏。

The variety of its rhetoric is, in fact, to gloss over the lack of logic.

Formal literary structure (之...者).

这种繁复的花样在后现代主义建筑中屡见不鲜。

This kind of complex pattern is frequently seen in postmodern architecture.

Using the idiom 屡见不鲜 (common occurrence).

彼时的花样年华已在岁月的磨砺中消逝殆尽。

The flower-like prime of that time has completely vanished in the wear and tear of years.

消逝殆尽 (completely vanished) in formal tone.

外交辞令中的种种花样，往往意在言外。

The various 'patterns' in diplomatic language often have meanings beyond the words.

意在言外 (meaning lies beyond the words).

他那套收买人心的花样早已被识破。

His set of tricks for winning people over has long been seen through.

识破 (to see through/expose).

传统织锦的花样不仅是装饰，更是文化的载体。

Traditional brocade patterns are not just decorations but also carriers of culture.

不仅是...更是... (not only... but even more...).

他在处理危机时耍的花样，反而弄巧成拙。

The tricks he played while handling the crisis ended up backfiring.

弄巧成拙 (to be too clever for one's own good).

这些所谓的新花样，不过是旧瓶装新酒罢了。

These so-called new patterns are nothing more than old wine in new bottles.

不过是...罢了 (nothing more than...).

Collocations courantes

花样繁多

耍花样

花样滑冰

出新花样

花样年华

翻新花样

花样游泳

刺绣花样

花样翻新

玩花样

Phrases Courantes

变花样

— To change the style or method to keep things interesting.

做饭也要经常变花样。

没花样

— Lacking variety or being boringly simple.

这件衣服干巴巴的，没花样。

看花样

— To look at patterns or styles.

我先去店里看个花样。

新花样

— A new trick, gimmick, or creative style.

他又在搞什么新花样？

老花样

— Old tricks or the same old style.

这都是老花样了，没意思。

多种花样

— Multiple types of patterns or styles.

这种壁纸有多种花样可选。

花样设计

— Pattern design or stylistic design.

他负责公司的花样设计。

花样百出

— Full of many different tricks or variations.

他的借口花样百出。

搞花样

— To engage in tricks or create variations.

他在合同里搞了点花样。

换花样

— To switch to a different style or method.

咱们换个花样过周末吧。

Souvent confondu avec

花样 vs 样子

样子 refers to the overall look or appearance, while 花样 refers to the internal pattern or variety.

花样 vs 图案

图案 is more technical and artistic, often used for formal designs, whereas 花样 is more common for fabric and tricks.

花样 vs 款式

款式 refers to the cut or model of a product, while 花样 refers to the print or decorative variety.

Expressions idiomatiques

"花样繁多"

— A vast variety of styles, patterns, or types.

市场上的水果花样繁多。

Neutral/Formal

"花样百出"

— Constantly coming up with new tricks or variations (often negative).

那个骗子花样百出，骗了很多人。

Informal

"花样年华"

— The prime of one's life; the beautiful years of youth.

珍惜你的花样年华吧。

Literary

"耍花样"

— To play tricks or use deceptive maneuvers.

老实点，别给我耍花样！

Informal

"翻新花样"

— To present old things in a new guise or update a style.

这种老歌翻新花样后又红了。

Neutral

"各种花样"

— All sorts of styles or tricks.

他为了逗孩子开心，变出了各种花样。

Neutral

"别出花样"

— To come up with a unique or different style.

这件作品在构思上别出花样。

Formal

"口舌花样"

— Tricks of speech; using clever words to deceive.

他只会玩口舌花样，没有真本事。

Negative/Formal

"玩弄花样"

— To manipulate or play around with styles/tricks.

不要在法律面前玩弄花样。

Negative/Serious

"旧瓶花样"

— Referring to something old that is given a superficial new look.

这只不过是旧瓶装新花样罢了。

Critical

Facile à confondre

花样 vs 样式 (yàngshì)

Both contain '样' and mean style.

样式 focus on the 'type' or 'form' of an object (like a window style), while 花样 focuses on the 'decoration' or 'trick/variety'.

这种窗户的样式很旧，上面的花样也很土。

花样 vs 模式 (móshì)

Both relate to a 'way' of doing things.

模式 is 'model' or 'mode' (like a business model), which is much more formal and structural than 花样.

这种商业模式没有太多的花样。

花样 vs 招式 (zhāoshì)

Both can mean 'moves' in a sport or game.

招式 is specifically for martial arts or combat moves, whereas 花样 is for artistic sports or general 'tricks'.

他的武术招式很正宗，没有花样。

花样 vs 图案 (tú'àn)

Both translate to 'pattern' in English.

图案 is a specific visual design (like a logo), while 花样 is broader, including 'varieties' and 'tricks'.

这个标志的图案很简洁。

花样 vs 品种 (pǐnzhǒng)

Both can mean 'variety'.

品种 is for biological species or specific product types (like rice varieties), while 花样 is for stylistic varieties.

这种苹果的品种很好。

Structures de phrases

这个[Noun]的花样很[Adjective]。

这个布的花样很美。

这里有各种各样的花样。

商店里有各种各样的花样。

别跟[Person]耍花样。

别跟我耍花样。

[Category]的花样繁多。

点心的花样繁多。

把[Something]做出新花样。

把旧衣服做出新花样。

[Abstract Noun]的花样不过是[Criticism]。

这种营销的花样不过是骗人的。

在[Context]中，花样是[Description]。

在刺绣中，花样是艺术的灵魂。

纵使[Person]耍尽花样，也[Result]。

纵使他耍尽花样，也难逃法网。

Famille de mots

Noms

花样

样子

样式

图案

款式

Verbes

耍花样

变花样

搞花样

Adjectifs

花样繁多

花样百出

Apparenté

花纹

样板

样本

样貌

典型

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Highly frequent in daily life, sports, and fashion.

Erreurs courantes

Using '花样' for human appearance. → 他的样子很帅。
花样 is for patterns/tricks, not the physical look of a person. Use 样子 or 长相.
Saying '玩花样' to mean 'having a hobby'. → 他有很多爱好。
玩花样/耍花样 means playing tricks, not having hobbies or being creative in a general sense.
Confusing '花样' with '图案' in technical blueprints. → 这个建筑的图案很精密。
For technical or architectural designs, 图案 is more appropriate than the more colloquial/textile-based 花样.
Using '花样' as an adjective. → 有花样的衣服。
花样 is a noun. You need to use '有...的' or another structure to describe an object.
Using '花样' to mean 'a model of a phone'. → 这个手机的款式很新。
For industrial products like phones or cars, use 款式 or 型号, not 花样.

Astuces

Patterns vs. Styles

Remember that '花样' is for the visual pattern. If you're talking about the functional style of a car or a phone, '款式' or '型号' is better.

Accusatory Tone

Be careful with '耍花样'. It's a strong accusation. Only use it when you are sure someone is being dishonest.

Measure Words

Always use '种' when talking about the variety of patterns. '这三种花样' (These three types of patterns).

Fixed Terms

Memorize '花样滑冰' and '花样游泳' as single units. You will hear them every time there is a major sporting event.

Traditional Art

When visiting a museum, look for '花样' in embroidery or paper-cutting exhibits. It helps you see the word's history.

Idiom Usage

Using '花样繁多' instead of just '很多花样' will significantly improve the quality of your formal writing.

Context Clues

If you hear '花样' in a kitchen, it's about the variety of dishes. If you hear it in a tailor shop, it's about fabric.

The Flower Link

Think of '花' as 'fancy'. Fancy styles = patterns or tricks. This helps bridge the literal and metaphorical meanings.

Tone Accuracy

The fourth tone on 'yàng' is crucial. If you say it with a flat tone, people might not understand you.

Positive Gimmicks

While '耍花样' is negative, '出新花样' can be a compliment for a creative chef or artist.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'Flower' (花) 'Sample' (样). If you have many flower samples, you have a huge 'variety' of 'patterns'. If someone shows you a fake flower sample, they are playing a 'trick'.

Association visuelle

Imagine a colorful roll of silk fabric with intricate floral prints. Then imagine a magician pulling many different colored flowers out of a hat—representing both patterns and variety/tricks.

Word Web

Pattern Design Variety Gimmick Trick Style Motif Figure Skating

Défi

Try to use '花样' in three different sentences today: one about a piece of clothing, one about a menu, and one about someone being 'tricky'.

Origine du mot

The term '花样' dates back to the Tang Dynasty. Originally, it referred to 'flower patterns' (花) that were used as 'samples' or 'templates' (样) for embroidery and textile weaving. Artisans would create paper cutouts of floral designs to guide their needlework.

Sens originel : Paper cutouts of floral patterns used as templates for embroidery.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using '耍花样' with superiors or elders, as it is quite accusatory and can be seen as very rude.

The English equivalent for the negative sense is 'playing games' or 'monkey business.' For the positive sense, it's 'variety' or 'bells and whistles.'

Movie: '花样年华' (In the Mood for Love) Song: '花样' by various Mandopop artists TV Show: '花样姐姐' (Sisters Over Flowers - a travel variety show)

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Clothing Store

这个花样有别的颜色吗？
我不喜欢这种太复杂的花样。
这种花样今年很流行。
请给我看看最新的花样。

Restaurant

这里的菜花样真多。
早餐有什么花样？
厨师把菜做出了新花样。
我们换个花样点菜吧。

Sports Commentary

这是一场精彩的花样滑冰比赛。
选手的动作很有花样。
花样游泳需要团队配合。
他擅长各种花样滑冰技巧。

Social Conflict

你别跟我耍花样。
他总是玩这些小花样。
我看穿了他的花样。
不要搞这些没用的花样。

Interior Design

这种壁纸的花样很温馨。
地板的花样要简单一点。
窗帘的花样要和家具配套。
这个花样太土了。

Amorces de conversation

"你觉得这件衣服的花样怎么样？ (What do you think of the pattern of this dress?)"

"你喜欢看花样滑冰还是花样游泳？ (Do you like watching figure skating or synchronized swimming?)"

"这家餐厅的菜式花样多吗？ (Does this restaurant have a lot of variety in its dishes?)"

"你更喜欢素色的衣服还是有花样的？ (Do you prefer plain clothes or patterned ones?)"

"在你的国家，什么样的花样最受欢迎？ (In your country, what kind of patterns are most popular?)"

Sujets d'écriture

描述一件你最喜欢的有花样的衣服。 (Describe a piece of your favorite patterned clothing.)

你觉得生活中需要很多花样吗？为什么？ (Do you think life needs a lot of variety? Why?)

写一次你发现别人对你'耍花样'的经历。 (Write about a time you discovered someone was 'playing tricks' on you.)

如果你是一名设计师，你会设计什么样的花样？ (If you were a designer, what kind of patterns would you design?)

谈谈你对'花样年华'这个词的理解。 (Talk about your understanding of the term 'prime of youth'.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Yes, absolutely. '花样' is the standard word for patterns on wallpaper, fabric, and even wrapping paper. For example: '这种壁纸的花样很精美' (The pattern of this wallpaper is very exquisite).

Yes, in 99% of cases, '耍花样' (shuǎ huāyàng) is negative. It implies someone is being dishonest, manipulative, or trying to hide something behind a clever facade. If you want to say someone is creative, use '有创意' (yǒu chuàngyì).

Think of '花样' as the print (the flowers, dots, or stripes) and '款式' as the shape (the V-neck, long sleeves, or slim fit). If you like the drawing on the shirt, mention the '花样'; if you like how it's cut, mention the '款式'.

It is '花样滑冰' (huāyàng huábīng). It literally means 'pattern/artistic ice-sliding'. Similarly, synchronized swimming is '花样游泳' (huāyàng yóuyǒng).

No. To describe how someone looks, use '样子' (yàngzi) or '长相' (zhǎngxiàng). '花样' is only used for the patterns on their clothes or their 'tricky' behavior.

It literally means 'years like flowers.' It refers to the prime of one's youth, usually a time of beauty, potential, and intense emotion. It's also the title of a famous movie by Wong Kar-wai.

It is neutral. It can be used in formal contexts (like '花样繁多' in a business report) or very informal contexts (like '别耍花样' in an argument).

The most common measure word is '种' (zhǒng), meaning 'type' or 'kind'. You can also use '个' (gè) for a single specific pattern or trick.

Yes, especially in the phrase '新花样' (xīn huāyàng). It refers to a new way of doing things, which can be positive (innovation) or slightly negative (a new gimmick).

Etymologically, yes, it started with floral patterns. But now it just means 'decorative' or 'complex'. A geometric pattern with no flowers at all is still called a '花样'.

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