فئة
فئة 30秒で
- Group
- Category
- Class
- Denomination
هذه السيارة من فئة السيارات الفاخرة.
- Sociological Usage
- In sociology, it refers to social classes or demographic groups, helping researchers analyze populations.
ينتمي إلى فئة الشباب.
- Economic Usage
- In finance, it refers to currency denominations, such as a 50-dollar bill being a specific denomination.
لدي ورقة نقدية من فئة المائة دولار.
ما هي فئة دمك؟
- Biological Usage
- In biology, it can be used to describe taxonomic ranks or categories of living organisms.
هذا الحيوان من فئة الثدييات.
هذه فئة جديدة من الهواتف.
- Idafa Construction
- When 'فئة' is the first part of an Idafa, it loses its nunation (tanween) and the second noun is in the genitive case.
ينقسم المجتمع إلى فئات مختلفة.
- Plural Agreement
- Non-human plurals like 'فئات' are treated as singular feminine in Arabic grammar, so adjectives modifying them are singular feminine.
هناك فئات كثيرة في المعرض.
هذه هي الفئة الأكثر مبيعاً.
- Professional Contexts
- Using 'فئة' correctly in business or academic writing demonstrates a high level of language proficiency.
نستهدف فئة الدخل المرتفع.
أعلنت الحكومة عن دعم فئة العمال.
- Media Broadcasts
- News reports rely heavily on 'فئة' to segment populations for clear reporting.
نحتاج إلى متبرعين من فئة أو موجب.
- Medical Settings
- Knowing how to state your blood type using 'فئة' is essential for medical emergencies.
هذا المنتج مخصص لـ فئة الأطفال.
المسابقة مفتوحة لـ فئة المبتدئين.
- Educational Contexts
- Schools and universities use the term to organize competitions, classes, and age groups.
حجزت فندقاً من فئة الخمس نجوم.
هذه فئة ممتازة.
- Gender Agreement
- Always ensure that adjectives and pronouns modifying 'فئة' are in the feminine form.
يوجد ثلاث فئات رئيسية.
- Plural Formation
- Stick to the regular '-aat' ending for the plural of this word; there are no exceptions here.
نستهدف الفئة العمرية الشابة.
هذه مجموعة من الناس، لكنهم ليسوا من نفس الفئة.
- Semantic Nuance
- Use 'فئة' when there is a specific classifying criteria, and 'مجموعة' for general gatherings.
نطق كلمة فئة يحتاج إلى همزة واضحة.
هذا صنف ممتاز من التمور.
- صنف vs فئة
- 'صنف' is often used for physical goods, agricultural products, or biological taxonomy, whereas 'فئة' is broader and heavily used for demographics.
ما نوع الموسيقى التي تحبها؟
هناك مجموعة من الطلاب في الساحة.
- مجموعة vs فئة
- A 'مجموعة' is any gathering of items or people, while a 'فئة' implies they share a specific defining characteristic that categorizes them.
ينتمي إلى الطبقة العاملة.
هذا المنتج في قسم الإلكترونيات.
- قسم vs فئة
- 'قسم' refers to a physical or organizational division, while 'فئة' refers to the conceptual category of the items themselves.
How Formal Is It?
"تم استهداف الفئة العمرية بين العشرين والثلاثين في هذه الدراسة."
"هذا المنتج مناسب لفئة الشباب."
"هالسيارة من فئة غالية شوي."
"هذه الألعاب مخصصة لفئة الأطفال."
"هو من فئة الكبار."
豆知識
In the Quran, 'فئة' is famously used in the context of battles, describing a small group overcoming a large one. Over centuries, its meaning evolved from a purely military or tribal 'faction' to the modern, highly administrative and scientific 'category' or 'class'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing it as 'fiya' (rhyming with Mia) by dropping the glottal stop (hamza).
- Making the vowels long (fee-ah) instead of short (fi-a).
- Forgetting the feminine 'ah' ending sound in spoken Arabic.
- Mispronouncing the plural 'fi'aat' as 'fiyat'.
- Stressing the second syllable instead of the first.
難易度
Easy to read, but the hamza on the yaa (ئ) might confuse absolute beginners.
Writing the hamza correctly (ئ) requires knowing spelling rules.
Pronouncing the glottal stop clearly takes a little practice.
Very distinct sound, easy to catch in a sentence.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Feminine Noun Agreement
فئة جديدة (New category) - Adjective must be feminine.
Idafa (Construct State)
فئة الدم (Blood type) - First word loses 'ال' and tanween.
Non-Human Plural Agreement
فئات كثيرة (Many categories) - Plural 'فئات' takes singular feminine adjective.
Hamza Spelling Rules
فِئَة - Hamza is written on a 'yaa' (ئ) because the letter before it has a kasra (i).
Prepositions with Categories
ينتمي إلى فئة (Belongs to the category of) - Use 'إلى' for belonging.
レベル別の例文
هذه فئة جديدة.
This is a new category.
'فئة' is feminine, so 'جديدة' is used.
أحب هذه الفئة.
I like this category.
Direct object with 'ال'.
هناك فئات كثيرة.
There are many categories.
Plural 'فئات' takes singular feminine adjective 'كثيرة'.
هذه فئة السيارات.
This is the car category.
Simple Idafa construction.
ما هذه الفئة؟
What is this category?
Question word 'ما' with demonstrative.
الفئة الأولى هنا.
The first category is here.
Ordinal number matching gender.
أريد فئة أخرى.
I want another category.
'أخرى' is the feminine form of 'آخر'.
هذه فئة جيدة.
This is a good category.
Adjective agreement.
ما هي الفئة العمرية؟
What is the age group?
Common collocation 'الفئة العمرية'.
هذه اللعبة لفئة الأطفال.
This game is for the children's category.
Preposition 'ل' attached to 'فئة'.
ابحث في فئة الملابس.
Search in the clothing category.
Imperative verb with preposition 'في'.
تنقسم المدرسة إلى فئات.
The school is divided into categories/groups.
Verb 'تنقسم' with preposition 'إلى'.
هذا الفندق من فئة خمس نجوم.
This hotel is of the five-star category.
Expression for rating.
اختر الفئة المناسبة لك.
Choose the category suitable for you.
Adjective 'المناسبة' modifying 'الفئة'.
هذه الفئة رخيصة جداً.
This category is very cheap.
Equational sentence (Mubtada and Khabar).
كم عدد الفئات هنا؟
How many categories are here?
'كم' followed by singular or plural depending on structure, here 'عدد' is used.
فئة دمي هي أو موجب.
My blood type is O positive.
'فئة الدم' is the standard medical term.
نحن نستهدف فئة الشباب في هذا الإعلان.
We are targeting the youth demographic in this ad.
'نستهدف' (we target) takes 'فئة' as direct object.
ينتمي هذا الحيوان إلى فئة الثدييات.
This animal belongs to the mammal class.
Scientific classification usage.
تم تقسيم المنتجات إلى ثلاث فئات رئيسية.
The products were divided into three main categories.
Passive structure with 'تم'.
هذه السيارة من الفئة الاقتصادية.
This car is of the economic class.
Adjective 'الاقتصادية' describing the class.
يجب الاهتمام بفئة كبار السن.
Attention must be paid to the elderly group.
Preposition 'ب' attached to 'فئة'.
ما هي الفئة المستهدفة لمشروعك؟
What is the target audience for your project?
'المستهدفة' is a passive participle used as an adjective.
تختلف الأسعار حسب فئة التذكرة.
Prices vary according to the ticket class.
'حسب' (according to) followed by Idafa.
أصدرت الحكومة أوراقاً نقدية من فئة المائة.
The government issued banknotes of the hundred denomination.
Economic context, 'فئة' meaning denomination.
تعاني هذه الفئة الاجتماعية من التهميش.
This social class suffers from marginalization.
Sociological context with abstract nouns.
تم تصنيف المرضى ضمن فئات حسب خطورة الحالة.
Patients were classified into categories according to the severity of the condition.
'ضمن' (within/among) used with plural 'فئات'.
الفئة المثقفة تلعب دوراً هاماً في المجتمع.
The educated class plays an important role in society.
'المثقفة' describing a specific societal group.
هناك زيادة في الضرائب على فئة الدخل المرتفع.
There is a tax increase on the high-income bracket.
'فئة الدخل' meaning income bracket.
تعتبر هذه الرواية من فئة الخيال العلمي.
This novel is considered to be in the science fiction category.
Literary genre classification.
يجب توفير فرص عمل لجميع فئات المجتمع.
Job opportunities must be provided for all segments of society.
'جميع' followed by plural Idafa.
تمثل هذه الفئة نسبة كبيرة من الناخبين.
This demographic represents a large percentage of voters.
Political context.
الخطاب السياسي غالباً ما يستميل فئات معينة لكسب الأصوات.
Political discourse often appeals to specific factions to win votes.
Advanced vocabulary 'يستميل' (appeals to/woos).
التحليل الديموغرافي يظهر تبايناً واضحاً بين الفئات العمرية المختلفة.
Demographic analysis shows a clear disparity between different age groups.
Academic terminology 'التحليل الديموغرافي'.
تسعى السياسات الاقتصادية إلى تقليص الفجوة بين فئات المجتمع.
Economic policies seek to narrow the gap between societal classes.
'تقليص الفجوة' (narrowing the gap).
تصنف هذه الكائنات ضمن فئة نادرة مهددة بالانقراض.
These organisms are classified within a rare, endangered category.
Biological taxonomy context.
تم سحب العملات من فئة الخمسين قرشاً من التداول.
The fifty-piaster denomination coins were withdrawn from circulation.
Financial terminology 'التداول' (circulation).
التمييز ضد أي فئة عرقية يعد انتهاكاً لحقوق الإنسان.
Discrimination against any ethnic group is considered a violation of human rights.
Legal and human rights context.
تتطلب هذه الوظيفة مهارات لا تتوفر إلا في فئة محدودة من الخبراء.
This job requires skills that are only available in a limited class of experts.
Complex restrictive clause 'لا... إلا'.
الضرائب التصاعدية تهدف إلى إعادة توزيع الثروة بين الفئات.
Progressive taxes aim to redistribute wealth among classes.
Economic theory terminology.
كم من فئة قليلة غلبت فئة كثيرة بإذن الله.
How often has a small group overcome a large group by the will of God.
Classical Quranic quotation showing historical usage.
تتجلى الفئوية في أبهى صورها عندما تتغلب المصالح الضيقة على المصلحة الوطنية.
Factionalism manifests in its clearest forms when narrow interests overcome national interest.
Derivative 'الفئوية' (factionalism) used abstractly.
إن تصنيف الظواهر الأدبية ضمن فئات جامدة يحد من الإبداع النقدي.
Categorizing literary phenomena into rigid categories limits critical creativity.
Literary criticism context.
التشريعات الحديثة تسعى لتفكيك الهيمنة التي تمارسها فئات احتكارية على السوق.
Modern legislation seeks to dismantle the dominance exercised by monopolistic factions over the market.
Advanced legal and economic phrasing.
تعتبر السيميائية أن كل علامة تنتمي إلى فئة دلالية محددة سلفاً.
Semiotics considers that every sign belongs to a predetermined semantic category.
Linguistic and philosophical context.
التقسيم الطبقي لا يعتمد فقط على الثروة بل على الانتماء إلى فئات ثقافية مهيمنة.
Class stratification depends not only on wealth but on belonging to dominant cultural categories.
Sociological theory terminology.
في ميكانيكا الكم، لا يمكن تصنيف الجسيمات ضمن فئات كلاسيكية حتمية.
In quantum mechanics, particles cannot be classified into deterministic classical categories.
Scientific and theoretical physics context.
إن استقطاب الجماهير وتحويلهم إلى فئات متناحرة هو تكتيك سياسي قديم.
Polarizing the masses and turning them into warring factions is an old political tactic.
Political science terminology 'استقطاب' (polarization).
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Age group. Used in forms, medical contexts, and marketing.
هذا البرنامج للفئة العمرية الشابة.
— Target audience or demographic. Common in business.
الفئة المستهدفة هي طلاب الجامعات.
— Segments or classes of society. Used in news and sociology.
القرار يخدم جميع فئات المجتمع.
— Low-income bracket. Used in economics and politics.
مشاريع إسكان لفئة الدخل المحدود.
よく混同される語
'مجموعة' means a general group or collection. 'فئة' implies a specific category based on shared traits.
'نوع' means type or kind (e.g., type of food). 'فئة' is more structural (e.g., age bracket).
'قسم' is a physical or organizational section (e.g., a department in a store). 'فئة' is the conceptual category.
慣用句と表現
— A deviant or misguided group. Often used in political or religious contexts to describe extremists.
تم القبض على أفراد من الفئة الضالة.
Formal/Journalistic— Quality over quantity; a small dedicated group can overcome a large one. Originates from the Quran.
لا تيأس، فكم من فئة قليلة غلبت فئة كثيرة.
Classical/Literary— Out of its league or unclassifiable (usually in a positive, exceptional way).
هذا اللاعب خارج الفئة.
Informal— Featherweight class (used literally in sports, metaphorically for something lightweight or insignificant).
هذه المشكلة من فئة وزن الريشة.
Informal/Sports— Cold-blooded category (used metaphorically for ruthless people).
مجرم من فئة الدم البارد.
Literary— Heavyweight class (metaphorically for very important or powerful entities).
شركة من فئة الوزن الثقيل.
Journalistic間違えやすい
Looks and sounds similar (hay'a).
'هيئة' means organization, body, or appearance. 'فئة' means category.
هيئة الأمم المتحدة (United Nations Organization) vs فئة الشباب (Youth category).
Rhymes and has similar spelling (bi'a).
'بيئة' means environment. 'فئة' means category.
حماية البيئة (Protecting the environment) vs حماية فئة معينة (Protecting a specific category).
Rhymes and has similar spelling (mi'a).
'مئة' means one hundred. 'فئة' means category.
مئة دولار (One hundred dollars) vs فئة المئة دولار (The hundred-dollar denomination).
Rhymes and has similar spelling (ri'a).
'رئة' means lung. 'فئة' means category.
سرطان الرئة (Lung cancer) vs فئة الدم (Blood type).
Similar meaning in sociology.
'طبقة' is strictly for hierarchical classes (upper, middle, lower). 'فئة' is neutral categorization.
الطبقة الغنية (The rich class) vs الفئة العمرية (The age group).
文型パターン
هذه فئة + [Adjective]
هذه فئة جديدة.
[Noun] من فئة + [Noun/Adjective]
فندق من فئة خمس نجوم.
ينتمي [Noun] إلى فئة + [Noun]
ينتمي هذا الحيوان إلى فئة الثدييات.
تم تقسيم [Noun] إلى فئات + [Adjective]
تم تقسيم المنتجات إلى فئات مختلفة.
تستهدف [Noun] فئة + [Noun] + [Adjective]
تستهدف الحملة فئة الدخل المحدود.
لا يمكن تصنيف [Noun] ضمن فئة + [Adjective]
لا يمكن تصنيف هذه الظاهرة ضمن فئة محددة.
ما هي الفئة + [Adjective] لـ [Noun]؟
ما هي الفئة المستهدفة للمشروع؟
ابحث في فئة + [Noun]
ابحث في فئة الإلكترونيات.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Top 1000 words in Arabic.
-
Saying 'هذا فئة'
→
هذه فئة
'فئة' is a feminine noun, so it requires the feminine demonstrative pronoun 'هذه'.
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Saying 'الفئة الدم'
→
فئة الدم
In an Idafa (construct state), the first word cannot have the definite article 'ال'.
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Pronouncing it as 'fiya'
→
Pronouncing it as 'fi-a'
The hamza represents a glottal stop, not a 'y' sound. It must be pronounced clearly.
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Writing the plural as 'فئون'
→
فئات
'فئة' takes the regular feminine plural suffix '-aat' (ات).
-
Saying 'فئات كثيرون'
→
فئات كثيرة
Non-human plurals like 'فئات' are treated as singular feminine grammatically, so the adjective must be singular feminine.
ヒント
Feminine Agreement
Always use feminine adjectives and pronouns with 'فئة'. Say 'هذه فئة' not 'هذا فئة'.
Collocation Focus
Memorize 'الفئة العمرية' (age group) and 'فئة الدم' (blood type) as single units of vocabulary.
The Glottal Stop
Practice saying 'fi' then stopping the air briefly before saying 'a'. This is the correct pronunciation of the hamza.
Writing the Hamza
The hamza in 'فئة' sits on a 'yaa' without dots (ئ) because the letter before it (faa) has a kasra (i).
Business Arabic
If you work in marketing, 'الفئة المستهدفة' (target audience) is a must-know phrase.
Plural Adjectives
Remember that the plural 'فئات' takes singular feminine adjectives, e.g., 'فئات مختلفة' (different categories).
Medical Emergencies
Knowing how to say your blood type using 'فئة الدم' could be life-saving in an Arab country.
Category vs Group
Use 'فئة' when there is a system of classification, and 'مجموعة' when it's just a random gathering.
E-commerce Navigation
Look for the word 'فئات' (Categories) in the menu of Arabic online shopping websites.
Social Discourse
Pay attention to how news anchors use 'فئات المجتمع' to discuss different social classes respectfully.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine paying a FEE (فئة - fi'a) to enter a specific CATEGORY or VIP GROUP at a club.
視覚的連想
Visualize a filing cabinet. Each drawer is a different 'فئة' (category). One drawer is for age (الفئة العمرية), one is for money (فئة نقدية), and one is for blood types (فئة الدم).
Word Web
チャレンジ
Next time you go to a supermarket, look at the aisle signs and say 'هذه فئة...' (This is the category of...) and name the item in Arabic (e.g., الخضار - vegetables).
語源
The word 'فئة' comes from the Arabic root ف-أ-ي (f-'-y) or ف-أ-و (f-'-w). The original meaning of the root is associated with splitting, dividing, or returning to a group. In classical Arabic, it was often used to describe a band of people or a military detachment that splits off from a larger army or to which a fleeing soldier returns.
元の意味: A band of people, a detached group, or a faction.
Semitic文化的な背景
When using 'فئة' to describe people, be careful with adjectives. 'الفئة الضالة' (the deviant group) is a highly charged political term. Stick to neutral demographic terms like 'الفئة العمرية' unless you intend to make a strong political statement.
In English, we use many different words (class, category, bracket, denomination, type) depending on the context. In Arabic, 'فئة' covers almost all of these, making it a highly efficient word to learn.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Medical/Hospital
- فئة الدم
- فئة نادرة
- فئة موجبة
- فئة سالبة
Marketing/Business
- الفئة المستهدفة
- فئة الدخل
- فئة المستهلكين
- فئات المنتجات
Demographics/Sociology
- الفئة العمرية
- فئات المجتمع
- فئة الشباب
- فئة كبار السن
Banking/Finance
- فئة نقدية
- فئة الخمسين
- فئات العملة
- فئة الدخل المحدود
Shopping/E-commerce
- تصفح الفئات
- فئة الإلكترونيات
- فئة الملابس
- اختر الفئة
会話のきっかけ
"ما هي فئة دمك؟ (What is your blood type?)"
"هل تعتقد أن هذه السيارة من فئة جيدة؟ (Do you think this car is of a good class?)"
"ما هي الفئة العمرية التي يستهدفها هذا الفيلم؟ (What age group does this movie target?)"
"في أي فئة تضع هذا الكتاب؟ (In which category do you put this book?)"
"هل لديك أوراق نقدية من فئة أصغر؟ (Do you have banknotes of a smaller denomination?)"
日記のテーマ
اكتب عن الفئة العمرية التي تنتمي إليها وما يميزها. (Write about the age group you belong to and what distinguishes it.)
كيف تقسم أهدافك إلى فئات مختلفة؟ (How do you divide your goals into different categories?)
صف فئات المجتمع في مدينتك. (Describe the classes of society in your city.)
ما هي الفئة المستهدفة لعملك أو دراستك؟ (What is the target audience for your work or study?)
تحدث عن أهمية معرفة فئة الدم. (Talk about the importance of knowing one's blood type.)
よくある質問
10 問It is feminine. It ends with a taa marbuta (ة). Therefore, any adjectives describing it must also be feminine, such as 'فئة كبيرة' (a large category).
The plural is 'فئات' (fi'aat). It is a regular feminine plural formed by replacing the taa marbuta with 'ات'.
The standard phrase is 'الفئة العمرية' (al-fi'a al-'umriyya). This is used universally in forms, medical documents, and demographics.
Yes, in economics and banking, 'فئة' refers to the denomination of currency. For example, 'ورقة من فئة الخمسين' means a fifty-denomination bill.
A 'مجموعة' is any group or collection of things. A 'فئة' is a specific category where the items or people share a defining characteristic, like an age bracket or a product class.
The middle letter is a hamza (glottal stop) sitting on a yaa. You pronounce it as a sharp catch in the throat: fi-a. Do not blend it into a 'y' sound.
Blood type is 'فئة الدم' (fi'at ad-dam). This is an Idafa (construct state) phrase, so the first word does not take 'ال'.
It is used in both. You will hear it in highly formal news broadcasts (e.g., demographic reports) and in casual conversations (e.g., talking about car classes).
It translates to 'the target category' or 'target audience'. It is a very common term in marketing and business.
Yes, historically and in modern formal contexts, it can refer to a faction or a specific group of people with a shared agenda, sometimes with negative connotations like 'الفئة الضالة' (the deviant faction).
自分をテスト 200 問
Write a sentence using 'فئة' to describe a car.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence asking someone for their blood type.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about the target audience of a product.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using the plural 'فئات'.
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Write a sentence about social classes using 'فئات المجتمع'.
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Write a sentence about a five-star hotel using 'فئة'.
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Write a sentence about currency denominations.
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Write a sentence using 'الفئة العمرية'.
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Write a sentence about biological classification using 'فئة'.
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Write a sentence using 'الفئة الضالة'.
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Write a sentence comparing two categories.
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Write a sentence using 'ينتمي إلى فئة'.
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Write a sentence using 'تم تقسيم ... إلى فئات'.
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Write a sentence about income brackets.
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Write a sentence using 'الفئة الأولى'.
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Write a sentence using 'فئة الشباب'.
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Write a sentence using 'فئوية'.
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Write a sentence using 'الفئات المهمشة'.
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Write a sentence using 'تصنيف الفئات'.
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Write a sentence using 'شريحة' instead of 'فئة'.
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What did the speaker say?
What is the speaker asking?
Who is the target audience?
What is there a lot of?
What kind of hotel is it?
What is important?
What is the denomination?
What is different?
What does it belong to?
What is dangerous?
What bracket is mentioned?
What groups are mentioned?
What is the problem?
What is the process?
Which category?
'فئة' is feminine, so it needs 'هذه'.
In an Idafa, the first word does not take 'ال'.
The plural of 'فئة' is 'فئات'.
Non-human plurals take singular feminine adjectives.
Idafa rule: no 'ال' on the first word.
Number-noun agreement rules for 3-10.
Use the adjective 'العمرية' instead of the noun 'العمر' here.
Adjective must match the feminine noun.
Adjective must be feminine.
Adjective must be feminine to match 'فئة'.
/ 200 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use 'فئة' (fi'a) whenever you need to categorize people, objects, or concepts, such as age groups (فئة عمرية) or blood types (فئة الدم).
- Group
- Category
- Class
- Denomination
Feminine Agreement
Always use feminine adjectives and pronouns with 'فئة'. Say 'هذه فئة' not 'هذا فئة'.
Collocation Focus
Memorize 'الفئة العمرية' (age group) and 'فئة الدم' (blood type) as single units of vocabulary.
The Glottal Stop
Practice saying 'fi' then stopping the air briefly before saying 'a'. This is the correct pronunciation of the hamza.
Writing the Hamza
The hamza in 'فئة' sits on a 'yaa' without dots (ئ) because the letter before it (faa) has a kasra (i).
例文
هذا البرنامج يستهدف فئة الشباب.
関連コンテンツ
societyの関連語
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عنيف
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عربي
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اعتماد
B1誰かに頼ること、または機関の公式な認定(アクレディテーション)。
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B1個人またはグループのメンバー。家族のメンバーや職員によく使われます。
أجنبي
A1「外国の」または「外国人」を意味します。人、言語、製品などが自国以外のものである場合に使われます。
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B1社会またはその組織に関する。また、他人の仲間を楽しむ人を表す。
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A2アラビア語の「احترام」は「尊敬」を意味し、誰かや何かに対する深い賞賛の気持ちを表します。
الله
A2アッラーはアラビア語で「神」を意味する言葉で、ムスリムやアラブ系のキリスト教徒によって使われます。