Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The Past Simple describes completed actions; add '-ed' to regular verbs and memorize irregular forms.
- Add '-ed' to most regular verbs: walk -> walked.
- Use 'did' + base verb for questions and negatives: Did you walk?
- Irregular verbs change their form completely: go -> went.
Overview
- Most verbs → add -ed: *work → worked*
- Verbs ending in -e → add -d: *live → lived*
- Short verb ending consonant-vowel-consonant → double last letter + -ed: *stop → stopped*
- I walked to school yesterday. (regular)
- She played football on Saturday. (regular)
- We went to the cinema. (irregular)
- He had a sandwich for lunch. (irregular)
Past Simple Conjugation
| Subject | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
worked
|
did not work
|
Did I work?
|
|
You
|
worked
|
did not work
|
Did you work?
|
|
He/She/It
|
worked
|
did not work
|
Did he work?
|
|
We
|
worked
|
did not work
|
Did we work?
|
|
They
|
worked
|
did not work
|
Did they work?
|
Contractions
| Full Form | Short Form |
|---|---|
|
did not
|
didn't
|
Meanings
The Past Simple is used to express actions or states that began and ended in the past.
Completed Action
An action that happened once at a specific time.
“I bought a car.”
“She finished her homework.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + Verb-ed
|
I played.
|
|
Negative
|
Subject + did not + Verb
|
I did not play.
|
|
Question
|
Did + Subject + Verb?
|
Did you play?
|
|
Short Affirmative
|
Yes, Subject + did
|
Yes, I did.
|
|
Short Negative
|
No, Subject + did not
|
No, I didn't.
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
I completed the assignment. (Work)
I finished the work. (Work)
I got it done. (Work)
I wrapped it up. (Work)
Past Simple Concept Map
Regular
- walked walked
Irregular
- went went
レベル別の例文
I walked to school.
I walked to school.
She played tennis.
She played tennis.
He went home.
He went home.
They ate pizza.
They ate pizza.
I didn't see the movie.
I didn't see the movie.
Did you finish the work?
Did you finish the work?
We studied English yesterday.
We studied English yesterday.
She bought a new phone.
She bought a new phone.
I visited London when I was ten.
I visited London when I was ten.
He realized he forgot his keys.
He realized he forgot his keys.
The company launched the product in 2020.
The company launched the product in 2020.
We didn't know about the meeting.
We didn't know about the meeting.
The evidence suggested that the theory was correct.
The evidence suggested that the theory was correct.
He spent his childhood in a small village.
He spent his childhood in a small village.
Did you happen to see the report?
Did you happen to see the report?
I never liked that kind of music.
I never liked that kind of music.
The author depicted the era with great precision.
The author depicted the era with great precision.
It was a decision that changed everything.
It was a decision that changed everything.
They sought to resolve the conflict peacefully.
They sought to resolve the conflict peacefully.
Little did he know what awaited him.
Little did he know what awaited him.
He stood amidst the ruins and pondered the past.
He stood amidst the ruins and pondered the past.
The policy failed to address the underlying issues.
The policy failed to address the underlying issues.
She bore the weight of the responsibility alone.
She bore the weight of the responsibility alone.
The events transpired exactly as predicted.
The events transpired exactly as predicted.
間違えやすい
Learners use Present Perfect when they should use Past Simple.
Learners use Past Continuous for completed actions.
Learners use Present Simple for past events.
よくある間違い
I goed to the store.
I went to the store.
I did not went.
I did not go.
She walk yesterday.
She walked yesterday.
Did you went?
Did you go?
I have bought it yesterday.
I bought it yesterday.
He studyed hard.
He studied hard.
Did he played?
Did he play?
I was go to the park.
I went to the park.
She did not knew.
She did not know.
They was happy.
They were happy.
I have seen him in 1999.
I saw him in 1999.
He did not had time.
He did not have time.
She was went to the store.
She went to the store.
Did you saw that?
Did you see that?
文型パターン
I ___ to the ___ yesterday.
Did you ___ the ___?
I didn't ___ because I was ___.
Although I ___, I still ___.
Real World Usage
Did you get my message?
I managed a team of ten.
I visited the museum yesterday.
I had a blast at the concert!
I ordered the pizza an hour ago.
The study showed significant results.
Regular or irregular?
Same for all subjects
Smart Tips
Use a time marker to make your sentence clear.
Start with 'Did' to immediately signal the past.
Remember 'didn't' + base verb.
Practice the three sounds of -ed.
発音
The -ed ending
Pronounced /t/ after voiceless sounds, /d/ after voiced sounds, and /ɪd/ after t/d.
Yes/No Question
Did you ↗go?
Rising intonation for questions.
暗記しよう
記憶術
The 'ED' is the past's best friend, but irregulars have their own trend.
視覚的連想
Imagine a 'Past' box. You put your action in, close the lid, and tape it shut with an 'ED' sticker.
Rhyme
When the action is done and the time is set, add an ED or change the verb, don't forget!
Story
Yesterday, I walked to the park. I saw a dog. I played with it. Then I went home.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 5 sentences about what you did yesterday in 5 minutes.
文化メモ
Americans use the Past Simple heavily for recent past actions where British English might use the Present Perfect.
British speakers are more likely to use the Present Perfect for recent actions.
The Past Simple is the standard for reporting facts in international business communication.
The Past Simple originates from Germanic weak verbs that added a dental suffix (d/t).
会話のきっかけ
What did you do last weekend?
Where did you go for your last vacation?
What was the last book you read?
How did you start your current career?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
I ___ (go) to the park yesterday.
Find and fix the mistake:
Did you walked to school?
Which is correct?
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Yo comí pizza.
Answer starts with: I a...
What is the past of 'study'?
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
A: Did you like the movie? B: Yes, I ___.
Score: /8
練習問題
8 exercisesI ___ (go) to the park yesterday.
Find and fix the mistake:
Did you walked to school?
Which is correct?
yesterday / I / the / visited / museum
Yo comí pizza.
What is the past of 'study'?
Match 'buy'.
A: Did you like the movie? B: Yes, I ___.
Score: /8
よくある質問 (8)
Regular verbs follow the -ed rule. Irregular verbs are remnants of older English patterns.
No, Past Simple is only for finished actions.
You have to memorize them. There is no rule.
It's neutral. 'Did not' is more formal.
Because 'did' already marks the past.
Yes, Past Simple is the same for I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
'Was' is for states (I was happy), 'did' is for actions (I did work).
Yes, it's perfect for describing your experience.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Pretérito Indefinido
Spanish conjugates for every person, English only changes the verb.
Passé Composé
French requires an auxiliary (avoir/être) for all verbs.
Präteritum
German has a much more complex system of strong verbs.
Ta-form
Japanese does not conjugate for person or number.
Past Tense (Madi)
Arabic verbs are based on a root system.
Le (aspect marker)
Chinese verbs do not change form at all.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
関連動画
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