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A2 adjective #800 よく出る 12分で読める

مُمْكِن

mumkin 上位800

At the A1 level, 'mumkin' is primarily taught as a 'magic word' for making polite requests. Beginners learn it as a substitute for 'Can I have...?' or 'Is it possible...?'. At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar. You simply use 'mumkin' followed by a noun or a simple verb. For example, 'Mumkin qahwa?' (Can I have a coffee?) or 'Mumkin ashouf?' (Can I see?). It is one of the first words learners use to interact with the world around them in an Arabic-speaking environment. It helps you navigate restaurants, shops, and basic social greetings without needing to master full verb conjugations. It is often taught alongside 'min fadlak' (please) to form the basis of polite communication. The focus is on the functional use of the word to get things done.

At the A2 level, learners start to use 'mumkin' in more complete sentences and understand its role in expressing general possibility. You begin to use it with conjugated verbs in the present tense, such as 'Mumkin tisa'idni?' (Can you help me?). You also learn the formal way to negate it using 'ghayr' (ghayr mumkin) to express that something is impossible. A2 learners should be able to distinguish between using 'mumkin' for a request ('Can I?') and using it to state a fact ('It is possible'). You will also encounter it in simple stories and dialogues where characters discuss their plans or ask for permission. The goal at this level is to use 'mumkin' to build more natural-sounding questions and to understand its use in different daily contexts like travel and shopping.

At the B1 level, you move beyond simple requests and start using 'mumkin' to express hypothetical situations and degrees of probability. You will learn the formal MSA structure 'Min al-mumkin an...' followed by the subjunctive mood. This allows you to write more formal emails or participate in discussions about future possibilities. You also start to learn synonyms like 'muhtamal' (probable) and 'ja'iz' (permissible) and begin to understand the subtle differences between them. B1 learners should be able to use 'mumkin' to discuss topics like the weather, travel plans, and social issues. You will also become more aware of how 'mumkin' is used in different dialects, noticing how it might be used as a filler word or a way to soften a 'no.'

At the B2 level, 'mumkin' is used in more complex argumentative and analytical contexts. You will encounter it in news articles, editorials, and academic texts where it is used to frame hypotheses or evaluate the feasibility of different options. You should be comfortable using 'mumkin' in the passive voice or with complex sentence structures. For example, 'Min al-mumkin an yu'tabara...' (It is possible that it is considered...). You also learn to use it in idiomatic expressions and understand its role in formal rhetoric. At this stage, you should be able to use 'mumkin' to express nuance—distinguishing between what is theoretically possible and what is practically feasible. You will also explore the root 'm-k-n' more deeply, seeing how it relates to words like 'imkaniyya' (possibility/potential) and 'tamkin' (empowerment).

At the C1 level, your use of 'mumkin' and its derivatives should be sophisticated and precise. You will encounter the word in classical literature, philosophical texts, and high-level legal or political documents. You will understand the philosophical distinction between 'al-mumkin' (the contingent) and 'al-wajib' (the necessary). You should be able to use the word to construct complex logical arguments and to express subtle shades of doubt or certainty. C1 learners will also be familiar with the use of 'mumkin' in various Arabic dialects at a high level, understanding how it can be used for irony, sarcasm, or extreme politeness. You will be able to analyze the stylistic choices of authors who use 'mumkin' versus its synonyms to create specific effects in their writing.

At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'mumkin' in all its forms and contexts. You can use it effortlessly in spontaneous conversation, formal speeches, and creative writing. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its root in Classical Arabic to its various functions in modern dialects. You can appreciate and use the word in poetry and high-register prose, where its placement and rhythm contribute to the overall aesthetic of the language. You are also aware of the deep cultural and psychological implications of the word, such as its use in avoiding direct confrontation or in expressing hope and resignation. At this level, 'mumkin' is not just a word you know; it is a versatile tool that you use with precision and cultural sensitivity to navigate the most complex linguistic landscapes.

練習する例文メモとヒント

مُمْكِن 30秒で

Mumkin means 'possible' and is used to express that something can happen.
It is the most common word for making polite requests like 'Can I?' in Arabic.
In formal Arabic, it's used in the phrase 'Min al-mumkin an' (It is possible that).
To say 'impossible,' you simply add 'ghayr' before it: 'ghayr mumkin'.

The Arabic word مُمْكِن (mumkin) is one of the most versatile and indispensable terms in the Arabic language, serving as a cornerstone for expressing possibility, permission, and potentiality. At its core, it is an active participle (Ism al-Fa'il) derived from the root م - ك - ن (m-k-n), which relates to being able, having power, or being established in a place. In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and across all major dialects, it functions primarily as an adjective meaning 'possible' or 'feasible.' However, its functional utility extends far beyond a simple descriptive adjective. For an English speaker, it is best understood as a bridge between the concepts of 'it is possible,' 'maybe,' and 'can I?'. When you use this word, you are essentially opening a door to a potential reality. It is used in formal academic discourse to discuss theoretical possibilities, in political news to describe potential outcomes, and most frequently in daily life to navigate social interactions.

Semantic Range: The word covers everything from 'logically possible' to 'socially permissible.' It is the opposite of 'mustahil' (impossible).

كل شيء مُمْكِن بالعمل الجاد.

Everything is possible with hard work.

In the context of social etiquette, مُمْكِن is the magic word for politeness. Instead of using imperative verbs which can sound harsh, Arabic speakers use this word to frame requests as questions of possibility. For example, rather than saying 'Give me the water,' one would say 'Is it possible to have the water?' This softens the request and shows respect for the other person's agency. Furthermore, the word carries a philosophical weight in classical Arabic literature, where 'al-mumkinat' refers to the realm of contingent beings—things that could either exist or not exist, as opposed to the 'wajib al-wujud' (the necessary existent). This depth makes the word a fascinating study in how a single root can span from high-level philosophy to asking for a napkin at a restaurant.

Grammatical Flexibility: It can act as a predicate in a nominal sentence or as a modal-like particle preceding a verb.

هل من المُمْكِن الدخول؟

Is it possible to enter?

Understanding this word is crucial because it is the primary way to express 'can' or 'may' in many Arabic varieties. While there are verbs for 'to be able to' (like 'istata'a'), مُمْكِن is often preferred for its brevity and multi-functional nature. It is a word that adapts to its surroundings, much like a chameleon, taking on the tone and register of the conversation. Whether you are reading a scientific paper about 'possible' solutions to climate change or asking a taxi driver if it is 'possible' to stop here, this word will be your most reliable tool.

Cultural Nuance: In some cultures, 'mumkin' is used to avoid a direct 'no,' serving as a polite way to say 'we will see' or 'it might happen (but don't count on it).'

هذا حل مُمْكِن جداً.

This is a very possible solution.

غير مُمْكِن!

Impossible! (Literally: Not possible!)

Using مُمْكِن correctly requires understanding its syntactic patterns, which vary slightly between formal Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and spoken dialects. In MSA, the most common structure for expressing 'it is possible to [verb]' is من الممكن أن + [verb in subjunctive]. This construction is impersonal, meaning 'mumkin' does not change its form based on who is performing the action; the verb that follows 'an' carries the person, number, and gender information. For example, 'It is possible for me to go' becomes 'Min al-mumkin an adh-haba.' This formal structure is essential for writing essays, news reports, or giving presentations.

Formal Pattern: [Min al-mumkin] + [an] + [Present Verb]. This is the standard way to express possibility in high-register Arabic.

من المُمْكِن أن نصل غداً.

It is possible that we arrive tomorrow.

In contrast, daily spoken Arabic simplifies this significantly. In dialects like Egyptian, Levantine, or Gulf Arabic, 'mumkin' often precedes the verb directly without the particle 'an'. It acts almost like a modal verb like 'can' in English. You might hear 'Mumkin ashouf?' (Can I see?) or 'Mumkin tisa'idni?' (Can you help me?). In these cases, 'mumkin' remains static, and the following verb is conjugated. This is the most practical way for learners to start using the word. Another important usage is the negative form. To say something is impossible, you use the prefix 'ghayr' (non/un) to create غَيْر مُمْكِن. This is very common in both formal and informal settings. You can also use 'laysa' in formal Arabic: 'Laysa mumkinan' (It is not possible).

Negation: Use 'ghayr' (غَيْر) before 'mumkin' for a quick and easy way to say 'impossible' or 'not possible.'

هذا الطلب غَيْر مُمْكِن حالياً.

This request is not possible currently.

Furthermore, 'mumkin' can be used to express probability, similar to 'maybe.' If someone asks you if you are coming to the party, answering with just 'Mumkin' implies a 50/50 chance. To increase the level of certainty, you might say 'Mumkin jiddan' (Very possible/likely). To decrease it, you might say 'Mumkin, lakin la a'rif' (Possible, but I don't know).

Question Structure: Simply placing 'mumkin' at the start of a sentence with a questioning tone turns it into a request or a query about possibility.

مُمْكِن سؤال؟

Possible (to ask) a question? / May I ask a question?

هل مُمْكِن أن نغير الموعد؟

Is it possible that we change the appointment?

Finally, remember that while 'mumkin' is an adjective, it rarely changes for gender when used in these modal-like structures. You don't usually say 'mumkina' unless you are describing a specific feminine noun as being 'possible' (e.g., 'khitwa mumkina' - a possible step). In most conversational requests, 'mumkin' remains in its masculine singular form regardless of the subject.

If you walk through any city in the Arab world, مُمْكِن is a word you will hear dozens of times a day. It is the heartbeat of social negotiation. In the bustling souks (markets) of Marrakesh or Cairo, you will hear customers asking, 'Mumkin ashouf hada?' (Can I see this?) or 'Mumkin tanzil as-si'r?' (Can you lower the price?). It is the polite lubricant of commerce. Shopkeepers use it too, often saying 'Mumkin' when they are checking stock or considering a discount.

In the Market: Used for every stage of a transaction, from asking to see an item to negotiating the final price.

مُمْكِن أجرب هذا القميص؟

Can I try on this shirt?

In the realm of transportation, 'mumkin' is your best friend. When hailing a taxi, you might ask, 'Mumkin l-matar?' (Possible to go to the airport?) or while inside, 'Mumkin huna, lawh samat?' (Possible here, please? - meaning 'Can you stop here?'). It is the standard way to communicate intentions to a driver without sounding demanding. Switch to a formal setting, like a news broadcast on Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, and the word takes on a more analytical tone. News anchors and analysts use it to discuss political developments: 'Min al-mumkin an yajtami'a al-ru'asa' (It is possible that the presidents will meet). Here, it conveys speculative possibility based on evidence. In academic lectures, professors use it to introduce hypotheses or potential interpretations of a text.

In Media & Academia: Used to frame hypotheses, future predictions, and analytical possibilities in a structured way.

ليس من المُمْكِن تجاهل هذه النتائج.

It is not possible to ignore these results.

In a domestic or social setting, 'mumkin' is used for seeking permission among friends and family. A child might ask, 'Mumkin akul halwa?' (Can I eat sweets?) or a guest might ask, 'Mumkin ashrab ma'?' (Can I drink water?). It is the word that signifies a request for consent. You will also hear it in movies and TV shows, especially in romantic or dramatic scenes where a character might say 'Mumkin natakallam?' (Can we talk?).

Social Etiquette: It serves as a polite prefix to almost any request, ensuring you don't sound bossy or entitled.

مُمْكِن نفتح النافذة؟

Can we open the window?

كل شيء مُمْكِن في هذا العالم.

Everything is possible in this world.

Finally, in the digital world, you'll see 'mumkin' in social media comments, where users might reply to a suggestion with 'Mumkin' (Maybe/Could be) or 'Ghayr mumkin!' (No way!). It is a word that has successfully transitioned from classical texts to the shortest of text messages.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with مُمْكِن is trying to conjugate it like a verb. Because it often translates to 'can' or 'may,' learners sometimes try to add verb suffixes to it. It is important to remember that 'mumkin' is an adjective/participle. In most contexts, it remains mumkin regardless of whether you are talking to a man, a woman, or a group. The conjugation happens in the verb that follows it, not in 'mumkin' itself. For example, 'Can you (plural) help?' is 'Mumkin tisa'idu?' not 'Mumkinun tisa'idu?'.

Mistake: Conjugating 'Mumkin': Avoid adding personal endings to 'mumkin.' Keep it static and conjugate the action verb instead.

خطأ: هل مُمْكِنون تذهبون؟ (Incorrect)

Correct: هل مُمْكِن تذهبون؟

Another common error is confusing 'mumkin' with 'qadir' (able). While 'mumkin' refers to the possibility of an event or the permissibility of an action, 'qadir' refers to a person's physical or mental ability. If you say 'I can lift this box,' you should use 'ana qadir' or 'asta'ti,' not 'mumkin.' Using 'mumkin' here would sound like you are asking if it is 'possible' in a theoretical sense, rather than stating your own strength. Word order can also be tricky. In English, we say 'Is it possible...?' but in Arabic, you can simply say 'Mumkin...?' with a rising intonation. Some learners try to force a complex 'Hal huwa mumkin...?' which is grammatically correct but often sounds overly formal or clunky in a casual setting.

Mistake: Over-complicating Questions: In speech, don't feel the need to use 'hal' (the question particle) every time. 'Mumkin' on its own is often enough.

مُمْكِن أساعدك؟

Can I help you? (Simple and natural)

Negation is another area where mistakes happen. Learners sometimes use 'ma' or 'la' directly with 'mumkin' (e.g., 'la mumkin'). While 'la mumkin' might be understood, the standard way to negate it as an adjective is using 'ghayr' (ghayr mumkin) or 'laysa' (laysa mumkinan). In dialects, 'mish mumkin' (Egyptian/Levantine) is the most common way to say 'not possible.'

Mistake: Incorrect Negation: Avoid 'la mumkin.' Use 'ghayr mumkin' (formal) or 'mish mumkin' (dialect).

هذا الأمر غَيْر مُمْكِن بتاتاً.

This matter is not possible at all.

Lastly, be careful with gender agreement when 'mumkin' is used as a true adjective modifying a noun. While it stays masculine in 'It is possible to...', it must agree with the noun it describes if it's acting as a direct attribute. For example, 'a possible solution' is 'hal mumkin' (masculine), but 'a possible idea' is 'fikra mumkina' (feminine). Many learners forget to add the 'ta marbuta' in these specific cases.

While مُمْكِن is the most common word for 'possible,' Arabic offers a rich palette of alternatives that carry different nuances of certainty, formality, and ability. Understanding these will help you move from a basic level to a more sophisticated use of the language. One close relative is the verb يُمْكِن (yumkin), which is the third-person masculine singular present form of 'amkana' (to be possible). While 'mumkin' is an adjective, 'yumkin' is a verb. They are often interchangeable in phrases like 'yumkinu an...' (it is possible that...), but 'yumkin' feels slightly more formal and is more common in written MSA.

Mumkin vs. Yumkin: 'Mumkin' is an adjective (possible); 'Yumkin' is a verb (it is possible). 'Yumkin' is often followed by a direct object pronoun: 'yumkinuni' (it is possible for me / I can).

يُمْكِنُكَ الذهاب الآن.

You can go now. (Literally: It is possible for you to go now.)

Another alternative is مُحْتَمَل (muhtamal), which translates more accurately to 'probable' or 'likely.' While 'mumkin' just means it *can* happen, 'muhtamal' suggests a higher degree of likelihood. If you say 'min al-muhtamal an tamtur,' you are saying it is likely to rain, not just that rain is a theoretical possibility. For matters of legality or religious permissibility, the word جَائِز (ja'iz) is used. This translates to 'permissible' or 'allowed.' While 'mumkin' might ask if it's physically possible to do something, 'ja'iz' asks if it is 'okay' or 'legal' to do it.

Mumkin vs. Ja'iz: 'Mumkin' = Is it possible? 'Ja'iz' = Is it allowed/permissible?

هل هذا التصرّف جَائِز قانوناً؟

Is this behavior legally permissible?

Then there is قَابِل (qabil), which means 'capable of' or '-able.' It is often used in compound phrases like 'qabil lil-niqash' (debatable/open for discussion) or 'qabil lil-ishtial' (flammable). This is more technical than 'mumkin.' Finally, we have the verb يَسْتَطِيع (yastati'), which means 'to be able to.' This is the most direct translation of the English 'can' when referring to personal ability.

Comparison Table: 1. Mumkin: Possible/Can (General). 2. Muhtamal: Probable. 3. Ja'iz: Permissible. 4. Yastati': Is able to (Ability).

لا أَسْتَطِيعُ المجيء اليوم.

I cannot come today. (Personal inability)

من المُحْتَمَل أن يتأخر القطار.

It is probable that the train will be late.

By choosing the right word, you can specify whether you are talking about a physical ability, a legal right, a statistical probability, or a general possibility.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَتَوَصَّلَ إِلَى اتِّفَاق."

ニュートラル

"هَلْ مُمْكِن نُغَيِّر المَوْعِد؟"

カジュアル

"مُمْكِن أَشُوف؟"

Child friendly

"مُمْكِن آكُل حَلْوَى؟"

スラング

"مِش مُمْكِن يا زَلَمَة!"

豆知識

The word for 'place' (makan) comes from the same root. In the Arabic worldview, having a 'place' or being 'established' is intrinsically linked to having the 'possibility' or 'power' to exist or act.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈmʊm.kɪn/

US /ˈmʊm.kɪn/

The stress is on the first syllable: MUM-kin.

韻が合う語

Sakin (Dwelling/Quiet) Lakin (But) Amakin (Places) Maskin (Housing) Tamkin (Empowerment) Maskin (Poor/Miserable - different root but rhymes) Dakin (Dark color) Yumkin (It is possible)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'u' like the 'u' in 'cup' (mam-kin). It should be 'moom-kin'.
Making the 'i' too long (mum-keen). It should be a short 'i' sound.
Adding an extra vowel between 'm' and 'k' (mu-ma-kin).
Softening the 'k' sound. It should be a clear, voiceless velar plosive.
Dropping the final 'n'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize. The root letters are clear and it follows a standard pattern.

ライティング 2/5

Easy to write, but remember the 'm-m-k-n' sequence and the initial 'mim'.

スピーキング 1/5

One of the easiest and most rewarding words to use in daily conversation.

リスニング 1/5

Very distinct sound. Hard to miss once you know it.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

أَنَا (I) هَلْ (Question particle) نَعَم (Yes) لَا (No) شُكْراً (Thank you)

次に学ぶ

مُسْتَحِيل (Impossible) يَسْتَطِيع (To be able to) رُبَّمَا (Perhaps) إِنْ شَاءَ الله (God willing) مُحْتَمَل (Probable)

上級

إِمْكَانِيَّة (Possibility) تَمْكِين (Empowerment) مُتَمَكِّن (Proficient) الِاحْتِمَالَات (Probabilities) الكَائِنَات المُمْكِنَة (Contingent beings)

知っておくべき文法

The Subjunctive Mood (Al-Mansub)

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَذْهَبَ (The verb 'nadhab' ends in a fatha because of 'an').

Impersonal Predicates

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ... (The phrase acts as a predicate for the following clause).

Active Participle (Ism al-Fa'il)

مُمْكِن (Follows the pattern of Form IV active participle 'muf'il').

Negation with 'Ghayr'

غَيْر مُمْكِن (Ghayr acts as a prefix to negate adjectives).

Modal Verbs in Dialect

مُمْكِن أَرُوح؟ (Mumkin acts as a modal without 'an' in dialects).

レベル別の例文

مُمْكِن قَهْوَة؟

Possible coffee?

Basic request using 'mumkin' + noun.

مُمْكِن أَدْخُل؟

Possible I enter?

Request using 'mumkin' + first person verb.

هَلْ هَذَا مُمْكِن؟

Is this possible?

Simple question using 'hal' and 'mumkin' as an adjective.

مُمْكِن الحِسَاب؟

Possible the bill?

Standard way to ask for the bill in a restaurant.

مُمْكِن سُؤَال؟

Possible a question?

Polite way to interrupt and ask something.

مُمْكِن تِذْكِرَة؟

Possible a ticket?

Short request for an item.

غَيْر مُمْكِن.

Not possible.

Simple negation using 'ghayr'.

مُمْكِن مَاء؟

Possible water?

Basic request for a necessity.

مُمْكِن تُسَاعِدُنِي؟

Possible you help me?

Request using 'mumkin' + second person verb.

هَلْ مُمْكِن أَنْ نَذْهَبَ الآن؟

Is it possible that we go now?

Formal structure with 'an' + subjunctive verb.

كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مُمْكِن.

Everything is possible.

Using 'mumkin' as a predicate for 'kull shay'.

مُمْكِن أَشُوف المَنِيُو؟

Can I see the menu?

Dialectal use of 'mumkin' + verb without 'an'.

هَذَا غَيْر مُمْكِن اليَوْم.

This is not possible today.

Negation in a full sentence.

مُمْكِن نَتَكَلَّم بَعْدَيْن؟

Can we talk later?

Proposing a future action politely.

مُمْكِن تَعْطِينِي رَقَمَك؟

Can you give me your number?

Polite request for information.

مُمْكِن أَجْلِس هُنَا؟

Can I sit here?

Asking for permission in a social setting.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ تُمْطِرَ غَداً.

It is possible that it rains tomorrow.

Expressing probability in MSA.

هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ تَغْيِيرُ المَوْعِد؟

Is it possible to change the appointment?

Using 'min al-mumkin' + masdar (verbal noun).

أَبْحَثُ عَنْ حَلٍّ مُمْكِنٍ لِهَذِهِ المُشْكِلَة.

I am looking for a possible solution to this problem.

Using 'mumkin' as an adjective modifying 'hal'.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ نَسِيَ.

It is possible that he has forgotten.

Speculating about a past action.

هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مُمْكِنٌ حَقّاً؟

Do you think that is really possible?

Asking for an opinion on feasibility.

سَأُحَاوِلُ بِقَدْرِ مَا هُوَ مُمْكِن.

I will try as much as is possible.

Idiomatic expression 'bi-qadr ma huwa mumkin'.

لَيْسَ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ الِاسْتِمْرَارُ هَكَذَا.

It is not possible to continue like this.

Formal negation with 'laysa'.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَصِلَ فِي الوَقْتِ المُحَدَّد.

It is possible that we arrive at the specified time.

Expressing a potential outcome.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ تَحْقِيقُ نُمُوٍّ اقْتِصَادِيٍّ هَذَا العَام.

It is possible to achieve economic growth this year.

Formal academic/journalistic usage.

يَجِبُ دِرَاسَةُ كُلِّ الِاحْتِمَالَاتِ المُمْكِنَة.

All possible possibilities must be studied.

Using 'mumkina' (feminine plural) to match 'ihtimalat'.

لَمْ يَعُدْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ السُّكُوتُ عَنْ هَذِهِ التَّجَاوُزَات.

It is no longer possible to remain silent about these violations.

Using 'lam ya'ud' (no longer) with 'min al-mumkin'.

هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ تُوَضِّحَ لَنَا هَذِهِ النُّقْطَة؟

Is it possible for you to clarify this point for us?

Polite request for clarification in a formal setting.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ تُؤَدِّيَ هَذِهِ الخُطْوَةُ إِلَى نَتَائِجَ إِيجَابِيَّة.

It is possible that this step leads to positive results.

Predicting the outcome of a specific action.

غَيْرُ مُمْكِنٍ عَمَلِيّاً رَغْمَ أَنَّهُ مُمْكِنٌ نَظَرِيّاً.

Not possible practically although it is possible theoretically.

Distinguishing between practical and theoretical possibility.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلْقَرَارِ تَبَعَاتٌ خَطِيرَة.

It is possible that the decision has serious consequences.

Warning about potential negative outcomes.

سَنَبْذُلُ كُلَّ جُهْدٍ مُمْكِنٍ لِحَلِّ الأَزْمَة.

We will exert every possible effort to solve the crisis.

Using 'mumkin' to emphasize the extent of effort.

يُعَدُّ هَذَا الِاكْتِشَافُ نُقْطَةَ تَحَوُّلٍ فِي فَهْمِ العَوَالِمِ المُمْكِنَة.

This discovery is considered a turning point in understanding possible worlds.

Philosophical/Scientific concept of 'possible worlds'.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ جِدّاً أَنْ تُعِيدَ الدَّوْلَةُ نَظَرَهَا فِي هَذِهِ الِاتِّفَاقِيَّة.

It is very possible that the state reconsiders this agreement.

Using 'mumkin jiddan' in a high-level political context.

هَذَا الطَّرْحُ يَفْتَقِرُ إِلَى الإِمْكَانِيَّةِ المَنْطِقِيَّة.

This proposition lacks logical possibility.

Using the noun form 'imkaniyya' (possibility).

مِنْ غَيْرِ المُمْكِنِ تَجَاوُزُ هَذِهِ العَقَبَةِ دُونَ تَعَاوُنٍ دُوَلِيٍّ.

It is not possible to overcome this obstacle without international cooperation.

Formal negation 'min ghayr al-mumkin'.

مَا هُوَ مُمْكِنٌ اليَوْمَ قَدْ يُصْبِحُ ضَرُورِيّاً غَداً.

What is possible today may become necessary tomorrow.

Philosophical reflection on the nature of possibility and necessity.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَسْتَشِفَّ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ نِيَّةً مُبَيَّتَة.

It is possible to infer from his words a premeditated intention.

Using 'mumkin' for sophisticated textual analysis.

هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ حَقّاً التَّوْفِيقُ بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الرَّأْيَيْنِ المُتَنَاقِضَيْن؟

Is it really possible to reconcile these two contradictory opinions?

Questioning the feasibility of a complex intellectual task.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ اعْتِبَارُ هَذِهِ الظَّاهِرَةِ نَتِيجَةً لِلتَّغَيُّرَاتِ المُنَاخِيَّة.

It is possible to consider this phenomenon a result of climate changes.

Using 'mumkin' to frame a scientific hypothesis.

يَتَأَرْجَحُ النَّصُّ بَيْنَ المُمْكِنِ وَالمُسْتَحِيلِ فِي صِيَاغَةِ رُؤْيَتِهِ الشِّعْرِيَّة.

The text oscillates between the possible and the impossible in formulating its poetic vision.

Literary criticism using 'al-mumkin' as a conceptual noun.

مِنْ نَافِلَةِ القَوْلِ إِنَّ كُلَّ مَا هُوَ مُمْكِنٌ لَيْسَ بِالضَّرُورَةِ مَرْغُوبٌ فِيه.

It goes without saying that everything that is possible is not necessarily desirable.

Sophisticated rhetorical structure using 'nafilat al-qawl'.

تَجَلَّتْ عَبْقَرِيَّتُهُ فِي قُدْرَتِهِ عَلَى تَطْوِيعِ المُمْكِنِ لِخِدْمَةِ الغَايَةِ المَنْشُودَة.

His genius manifested in his ability to bend the possible to serve the desired goal.

Using 'al-mumkin' in a highly metaphorical and laudatory sense.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَقْرَأَ هَذَا التَّارِيخَ بِوَصْفِهِ سِلْسِلَةً مِنَ الفُرَصِ الضَّائِعَة.

It is possible to read this history as a series of lost opportunities.

Offering a nuanced historiographical interpretation.

هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ الِانْعِتَاقُ مِنْ سُلْطَةِ المَاضِي دُونَ قَطِيعَةٍ مَعْرِفِيَّة؟

Is it possible to break free from the authority of the past without an epistemological rupture?

High-level philosophical inquiry using specialized terminology.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ يَكُونَ الصَّمْتُ فِي هَذِهِ الحَالَةِ أَبْلَغَ مِنْ كُلِّ كَلَام.

It is possible that silence in this case is more eloquent than any words.

Using 'mumkin' to express a profound rhetorical truth.

مَا زَالَ البَحْثُ جَارِيّاً عَنْ سُبُلٍ مُمْكِنَةٍ لِلِاتِّحَادِ بَيْنَ القُوَى المُتَنَافِسَة.

The search is still ongoing for possible ways of union between competing forces.

Using 'subul mumkina' in a complex political context.

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نَجِدَ فِي هَذِهِ الأُسْطُورَةِ صَدًى لِوَاقِعٍ مَنْسِيّ.

It is possible to find in this myth an echo of a forgotten reality.

Using 'mumkin' for deep mythological and historical analysis.

よく使う組み合わせ

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ

غَيْر مُمْكِن

مُمْكِن جِدّاً

كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مُمْكِن

بِقَدْرِ الإِمْكَان

حَلٌّ مُمْكِن

مَوْعِد مُمْكِن

هَلْ مُمْكِن...؟

إِذَا كَانَ مُمْكِناً

أَقْصَى حَدٍّ مُمْكِن

よく使うフレーズ

مُمْكِن لَحْظَة؟

مُمْكِن نُشُوف؟

مُمْكِن تِعِيد؟

مُمْكِن أَعْرِف لِيش؟

مُمْكِن نِتْفَاهَم

مُمْكِن تِتْفَضَّل؟

مُمْكِن بَسّ كَلِمَة؟

مُمْكِن نِتْقَابَل؟

مُمْكِن تِكْتِب لِي؟

مُمْكِن نِجَرِّب؟

よく混同される語

مُمْكِن vs أَسْتَطِيع (I can)

Use 'asta'ti' for personal physical or mental ability, and 'mumkin' for general possibility or permission.

مُمْكِن vs رُبَّمَا (Perhaps)

'Rubbama' is an adverb used for uncertainty, while 'mumkin' is an adjective used for possibility.

مُمْكِن vs جَائِز (Permissible)

'Ja'iz' is specifically about rules and laws, while 'mumkin' is about feasibility.

慣用句と表現

"بِقَدْرِ الإِمْكَان"

As much as possible. Used to express doing one's best.

سَأُنْهِي العَمَلَ بِقَدْرِ الإِمْكَان.

Neutral

"مِنْ سَابِعِ المُسْتَحِيلَات"

One of the seven impossibilities. An idiom used to say something is absolutely impossible (the opposite of mumkin).

نَجَاحُهُ مِنْ سَابِعِ المُسْتَحِيلَات.

Informal/Expressive

"مُمْكِن وَمُش مُمْكِن"

Possible and not possible. Used to describe a situation that is uncertain or ambiguous.

العَلَاقَة بَيْنَهُم مُمْكِن وَمُش مُمْكِن.

Informal (Egyptian)

"فِي حُدُودِ المُمْكِن"

Within the limits of the possible. Doing what is feasible.

سَنُسَاعِدُكُم فِي حُدُودِ المُمْكِن.

Formal

"مَا أَمْكَن"

Whatever is possible. Often added to the end of a sentence.

حَاوِلْ أَنْ تَهْدَأَ مَا أَمْكَن.

Formal

"مُسْتَحِيل مُمْكِن"

An oxymoron used to describe something that seems impossible but might happen.

هَذَا التَّحَدِّي هُوَ مُسْتَحِيل مُمْكِن.

Literary

"لَيْسَ فِي الإِمْكَانِ أَبْدَعُ مِمَّا كَان"

Nothing better was possible than what happened. A famous philosophical/theological idiom suggesting everything is as it should be.

قَالَ الغَزَالِي: لَيْسَ فِي الإِمْكَانِ أَبْدَعُ مِمَّا كَان.

Classical/Academic

"بِأَسْرَعِ وَقْتٍ مُمْكِن"

As soon as possible (ASAP).

أَحْتَاجُ الرَّدَّ بِأَسْرَعِ وَقْتٍ مُمْكِن.

Neutral

"أَقَلُّ مَا يُمْكِن"

The least possible. Often used to describe minimal effort or requirements.

هَذَا أَقَلُّ مَا يُمْكِنُ فِعْلُه.

Neutral

"عَلَى قَدْرِ الإِمْكَان"

To the extent possible. Similar to 'bi-qadr al-imkan'.

سَنُوَفِّرُ الدَّعْمَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الإِمْكَان.

Formal

間違えやすい

مُمْكِن vs مَكَان

Same root (M-K-N).

Makan is a noun meaning 'place'. Mumkin is an adjective meaning 'possible'.

هَذَا المَكَان مُمْكِن. (This place is possible/available.)

مُمْكِن vs مَكِينَة

Phonetic similarity.

Makina means 'machine'. It is a loanword or derived from a different sense of the root.

المَكِينَة تَعْمَل. (The machine is working.)

مُمْكِن vs مُتَمَكِّن

Same root.

Mutamakkin means 'proficient' or 'masterful' in a skill.

هُوَ مُتَمَكِّن مِنَ اللُّغَة. (He is proficient in the language.)

مُمْكِن vs مُسْتَحِيل

Opposite meaning.

Mustahil means 'impossible'.

هَذَا مُسْتَحِيل! (This is impossible!)

مُمْكِن vs يُمْكِن

Verb vs Adjective.

Yumkin is the verb form 'it is possible'. Mumkin is the adjective.

يُمْكِنُكَ ذَلِك. (You can do that.)

文型パターン

مُمْكِن + [Noun]؟

مُمْكِن مَاء؟

مُمْكِن + [Present Verb]؟

مُمْكِن أَشْرَب؟

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ + [Subjunctive Verb]

مِنَ المُمْكِنِ أَنْ نُسَافِرَ.

لَيْسَ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ + [Masdar]

لَيْسَ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ الِانْتِظَار.

مَا هُوَ مُمْكِنٌ هُوَ...

مَا هُوَ مُمْكِنٌ هُوَ التَّغْيِير.

يَقَعُ ضِمْنَ دَائِرَةِ المُمْكِن

هَذَا يَقَعُ ضِمْنَ دَائِرَةِ المُمْكِن.

هَذَا غَيْر مُمْكِن.

هَذَا غَيْر مُمْكِن الآن.

بِقَدْرِ مَا هُوَ مُمْكِن

سَأَعْمَلُ بِقَدْرِ مَا هُوَ مُمْكِن.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Extremely high. It is among the top 100 most used words in spoken Arabic.

よくある間違い

Using 'la mumkin' for impossible. → ghayr mumkin (غَيْر مُمْكِن)
'La' is used with verbs; 'ghayr' is used to negate adjectives like 'mumkin'.
Conjugating 'mumkin' (e.g., mumkinin). → mumkin (stays the same)
'Mumkin' is an adjective/particle and doesn't take verb endings.
Confusing 'mumkin' with 'asta'ti'. → Use 'asta'ti' for personal ability.
'Mumkin' is for possibility/permission; 'asta'ti' is for 'I am able to'.
Forgetting 'an' in formal MSA. → min al-mumkin an adh-haba
In formal writing, 'an' is required between 'mumkin' and the verb.
Using 'mumkin' for 'must'. → yajib (يَجِب)
'Mumkin' is about possibility, not obligation.

ヒント

The Magic Word

Always start your requests with 'Mumkin' to sound polite. 'Mumkin maysa'idni?' is much better than 'Sa'idni!' (Help me!).

Static Form

Don't worry about conjugating 'mumkin' in daily speech. It stays the same whether you're talking to a man, woman, or group.

Drop the 'An'

In casual conversation, don't use 'an' after 'mumkin'. Just say 'Mumkin' + the verb. 'Mumkin ashouf?'

Negation

Learn 'ghayr mumkin' early. it's the most useful way to say 'no' or 'impossible' politely.

Tone Matters

Pay attention to the intonation. A flat 'Mumkin' might mean 'maybe,' while a rising 'Mumkin?' is a request.

Formal Structure

In essays, use 'Min al-mumkin an...' to sound more professional and academic.

The Polite No

Be aware that sometimes 'Mumkin' is used to avoid saying a harsh 'No'. Look for other cues in the conversation.

Mum Makes it Possible

Remember: 'MUM' + 'KIN' = Mum can. A Mum can make anything possible!

Root Power

Connect 'mumkin' to 'makan' (place). If something has a 'place' in reality, it is 'possible'.

Daily Use

Try to use 'Mumkin' at least once every time you speak Arabic. It's that common!

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the 'MUM' in 'MUMkin'. A 'MUM' (mom) makes everything 'possible' for her children. When you need something to be possible, think of a helpful Mum!

視覚的連想

Imagine a green traffic light. Green means 'go' and 'it is possible.' Visualize the word مُمْكِن written inside the green light of a traffic signal.

Word Web

Makan (Place) Imkan (Possibility) Tamkin (Empowerment) Makin (Strong) Mustahil (Impossible) Muhtamal (Probable) Ja'iz (Allowed) Yumkin (Can)

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Mumkin' five times today: once to ask for water, once to ask for a favor, once to say 'maybe,' once to say 'it's possible,' and once to negate something (ghayr mumkin).

語源

The word comes from the Arabic root M-K-N (م ك ن). In Classical Arabic, this root primarily conveys the idea of 'being strong,' 'being established,' or 'having a place.' The verb 'amkana' (to be possible) literally means 'to give someone the power or place to do something.'

元の意味： Being established in a place or having the power/ability to act.

Semitic (Afroasiatic)

文化的な背景

Be aware that 'Mumkin' can sometimes be used as a 'polite maybe' that actually means 'no.' Don't always take it as a 100% confirmation.

English speakers often use 'Can I?' or 'Is it okay?'. 'Mumkin' covers both, but it's even more common in Arabic daily life than 'possible' is in English.

The philosophical works of Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina (Avicenna) on 'Al-Mumkin'. The song 'Mumkin' by various modern Arab pop artists (it's a very common song title). The famous quote by Al-Ghazali regarding the 'best of all possible worlds'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Restaurant

مُمْكِن المَنِيُو؟ (Can I have the menu?)
مُمْكِن مَاء؟ (Can I have water?)
مُمْكِن الحِسَاب؟ (Can I have the bill?)
مُمْكِن طَاوِلَة لِشَخْصَيْن؟ (Possible a table for two?)

Taxi/Travel

مُمْكِن المَطَار؟ (Possible to the airport?)
مُمْكِن هُنَا؟ (Possible here? - to stop)
مُمْكِن تُسْرِع شُوَي؟ (Can you hurry a bit?)
مُمْكِن نُوقَف عِنْد الصَّيْدَلِيَّة؟ (Can we stop at the pharmacy?)

Shopping

مُمْكِن أَشُوف هَذَا؟ (Can I see this?)
مُمْكِن أَجَرِّب؟ (Can I try it on?)
مُمْكِن سِعْر أَقَل؟ (Possible a lower price?)
مُمْكِن كِيس؟ (Can I have a bag?)

Office/Work

مُمْكِن سُؤَال؟ (Can I ask a question?)
مُمْكِن نِتْكَلَّم؟ (Can we talk?)
مُمْكِن تُعِيد هَذِهِ النُّقْطَة؟ (Can you repeat this point?)
هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِن تَأْجِيل الِاجْتِمَاع؟ (Is it possible to delay the meeting?)

Social Interaction

مُمْكِن نَتَعَرَّف؟ (Can we get to know each other?)
مُمْكِن رَقَمَك؟ (Can I have your number?)
مُمْكِن أَدْخُل؟ (Can I come in?)
مُمْكِن نِتْقَابَل غَداً؟ (Can we meet tomorrow?)

会話のきっかけ

"هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ السَّفَرَ إِلَى المَرِّيخِ مُمْكِنٌ قَرِيباً؟ (Do you think traveling to Mars is possible soon?)"

"مُمْكِن نِتْكَلَّم عَنْ هِوَايَاتَك؟ (Can we talk about your hobbies?)"

"هَلْ مِنَ المُمْكِنِ تَعَلُّمُ العَرَبِيَّةِ فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَة؟ (Is it possible to learn Arabic in one year?)"

"مُمْكِن تِقُول لِي رَأْيَك فِي هَذَا المَوْضُوع؟ (Can you tell me your opinion on this subject?)"

"هَلْ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مُمْكِن بِالنِّسْبَةِ لَك؟ (Is everything possible for you?)"

日記のテーマ

اُكْتُبْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ كُنْتَ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُمْكِنٍ ثُمَّ حَقَّقْتَه. (Write about something you thought was impossible then you achieved it.)

مَا هِيَ الإِمْكَانِيَّاتُ الجَدِيدَةُ الَّتِي فَتَحَهَا لَكَ تَعَلُّمُ اللُّغَةِ العَرَبِيَّة؟ (What are the new possibilities that learning Arabic has opened for you?)

هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ السَّلَامَ العَالَمِيَّ مُمْكِن؟ لِمَاذَا؟ (Do you think world peace is possible? Why?)

صِفْ يَوْماً مِثَالِيّاً مُمْكِناً فِي حَيَاتِك. (Describe a possible ideal day in your life.)

مَا هِيَ الخُطُوَاتُ المُمْكِنَةُ لِتَحْسِينِ بِيئَتِنَا؟ (What are the possible steps to improve our environment?)

よくある質問

10 問

When used as a modal particle like 'Can I...?', it usually stays masculine singular. However, if it's used as a direct adjective for a feminine noun, like 'a possible solution' (fikra mumkina), you must add the ta marbuta. In 90% of daily requests, just use 'mumkin'.

'Mumkin' is an adjective (possible), while 'yumkin' is a verb (it is possible). In many contexts, they are interchangeable, but 'yumkin' is slightly more formal and is often used with object pronouns like 'yumkinuni' (it is possible for me).

You can say 'Hal mumkin?' or just 'Mumkin?' with a questioning tone. In formal Arabic, use 'Hal min al-mumkin?'.

Yes, especially in dialects. If someone asks you a question and you reply 'Mumkin,' it means 'Maybe' or 'Possibly'.

Extremely! It is the standard way to make requests polite in Arabic. Using it instead of an imperative verb makes you sound much more respectful.

The easiest way is 'ghayr mumkin'. You can also use the word 'mustahil' for something that is completely out of the question.

Yes, but usually with 'an yakuna qad'. For example: 'Min al-mumkin an yakuna qad dhahaba' (It is possible that he has gone).

The root is M-K-N (م ك ن), which relates to power, ability, and place. This is why 'makan' (place) and 'mumkin' (possible) are related.

Yes, it is one of the few words that is universally understood and used across all Arabic dialects from Morocco to Iraq.

You say 'bi-asra' waqt mumkin' (بِأَسْرَعِ وَقْتٍ مُمْكِن).