Since and As: Expressing Reasons (بِما أَنَّ)
بِما أَنَّ (Since) to start sentences with a reason and lead to a logical result.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'بِما أَنَّ' (bima anna) to explain a reason, similar to 'since' or 'as' in English.
- Place 'بِما أَنَّ' at the start of the clause explaining the reason.
- Follow 'بِما أَنَّ' with a nominal or verbal sentence.
- Use it to connect a known fact to a consequence.
Overview
In the intricate landscape of Arabic grammar, expressing causality and logical consequence is fundamental. While لِأَنَّ (li-anna), meaning “because,” serves to explain the reason after a statement, بِما أَنَّ (bima anna) operates differently. It functions as a sophisticated compound conjunction, best translated as “since,” “as,” or “inasmuch as,” used to introduce a premise or a pre-existing condition from which a logical conclusion or action follows.
This structure typically initiates a sentence, setting the stage by presenting the known fact or situation first.
Linguistically, بِما أَنَّ is composed of three distinct elements: the preposition بِـ (bi-), meaning “with” or “by”; the relative pronoun ما (mā), meaning “that which” or “what”; and the particle أَنَّ (anna), meaning “that.” Together, these components form a powerful unit that signals to the listener or reader that the subsequent main clause is a direct consequence of the preceding statement. Understanding بِما أَنَّ is crucial for B1 learners, enabling you to articulate complex reasoning and engage in more nuanced discourse, moving beyond simple cause-and-effect explanations.
Its utility extends across various registers of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), from formal academic texts and journalistic reports to semi-formal professional communications and even structured social media posts. Mastering بِما أَنَّ allows you to construct sentences where the reason is foregrounded, often because it is a shared understanding or an established fact. This not only enhances the clarity of your communication but also lends an authoritative and logical tone to your expressions, mirroring how native speakers articulate complex thoughts.
How This Grammar Works
لِأَنَّ, which explains why a previously stated action or situation occurred. With بِما أَنَّ, the reason is presented as a known or accepted fact, often one that requires no further justification, making the following action or conclusion a natural, logical deduction.أَنَّ (anna) is a key component of this construction. As one of the إنّ وأخواتها (inna wa-akhawātuha, 'Inna and her sisters'), أَنَّ requires a nominal sentence (جُمْلَة اِسْمِيَّة, jumlat ismiyya) to follow it. This means the word immediately succeeding أَنَّ must be a noun or a pronoun, which acts as the subject of the clause and is always in the accusative case (مَنْصُوب, manṣūb).بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ جَمِيلٌ، فَسَنَذْهَبُ لِلتَّنَزُّهِ. (Since the weather is beautiful, we will go for a picnic.) Here, الجَوَّ (al-jaww) is the subject of أَنَّ, in the accusative case, and جَمِيلٌ (jamīlun) is its predicate. The beauty of the weather is presented as the established fact, leading logically to the action of picnicking. The particle فَـ (fa-, meaning 'so' or 'then') often precedes the main clause, smoothly connecting the consequence to the premise, although its inclusion is often optional and can vary based on emphasis and stylistic preference.بِما أَنَّ lies in its ability to frame an argument or explanation by prioritizing the causal element. It subtly shifts the emphasis from a mere explanation to a logical deduction. When you state بِما أَنَّكَ تَعْرِفُ المَدِينَةَ جَيِّدًا، دُلَّنَا عَلَى أَفْضَلِ المَطَاعِمِ. (Since you know the city well, guide us to the best restaurants.), you are not just giving a reason for your request; you are basing your request on an undeniable and relevant fact about the listener, making the request inherently logical and almost expected.دُلَّنَا عَلَى أَفْضَلِ المَطَاعِمِ لِأَنَّكَ تَعْرِفُ المَدِينَةَ جَيِّدًا. (Guide us to the best restaurants because you know the city well.), where the primary focus is on the request, and the reason follows as an explanation.Formation Pattern
جملة اسمية) that contains the causal premise, followed by a comma (in writing) and then the main clause detailing the consequence. The core structure is: بِما أَنَّ + Subject of أَنَّ (accusative) + Predicate of أَنَّ) + , + Main Clause (often introduced by فَـ).
أَنَّ and Case Marking
إنّ وأخواتها group, أَنَّ fundamentally alters the grammatical case of the noun that immediately follows it, making it accusative (مَنْصُوب). If the subject is a stand-alone noun, it will carry the appropriate accusative ending, typically a ـَ (fatḥa) for singular nouns. For instance, الوَقْتُ (the time, nominative) becomes الوَقْتَ (accusative) when it is the subject of أَنَّ, as in بِما أَنَّ الوَقْتَ ضَيِّقٌ... (Since the time is short...).
أَنَّ is a pronoun, it must be attached directly to أَنَّ as a suffix. You will never see بِما أَنَّ أَنْتَ or بِما أَنَّ هُوَ; instead, the pronoun will be in its attached form. The particle ن (nūn) is added before the first person singular pronoun ـي (-ī) for euphonic reasons, resulting in أَنَّنِي.
أَنَّ:
أَنَّ | Example with بِما أَنَّ Clause | Meaning (of clause) |
anā, I) | أَنَّنِي (annanī) | بِما أَنَّنِي مُتْعَبٌ | Since I am tired |
anta, you m.) | أَنَّكَ (annaka) | بِما أَنَّكَ مَشْغُولٌ | Since you are busy |
anti, you f.) | أَنَّكِ (annaki) | بِما أَنَّكِ ذَكِيَّةٌ | Since you are smart |
huwa, he) | أَنَّهُ (annahu) | بِما أَنَّهُ مَرِيضٌ | Since he is sick |
hiya, she) | أَنَّهَا (annahā) | بِما أَنَّهَا مُسَافِرَةٌ | Since she is traveling |
naḥnu, we) | أَنَّنَا (annanā) | بِما أَنَّنَا جُعَانُونَ | Since we are hungry |
antumā, you dual) | أَنَّكُما (annakumā) | بِما أَنَّكُما طَالِبَانِ | Since you (both) are students |
hum, they m.) | أَنَّهُمْ (annahum) | بِما أَنَّهُمْ غَائِبُونَ | Since they are absent |
hunna, they f.) | أَنَّهُنَّ (annahunna) | بِما أَنَّهُنَّ نَاجِحَاتٌ | Since they are successful |
antum, you pl. m.) | أَنَّكُمْ (annakum) | بِما أَنَّكُمْ مُتَأَخِّرُونَ | Since you (all) are late |
antunna, you pl. f.) | أَنَّكُنَّ (annakunna) | بِما أَنَّكُنَّ حَاضِرَاتٌ | Since you (all) are present |
بِما أَنَّ المَطَرَ غَزِيرٌ، لَنْ نَخْرُجَ اليَوْمَ.
المَطَرَ (al-maṭara, the rain) is accusative, the subject of أَنَّ.
بِما أَنَّكَ تَفْهَمُ العَرَبِيَّةَ، سَأَتَحَدَّثُ مَعَكَ بِهَا.
كَ is the attached pronoun, the subject of أَنَّ. Note that تَفْهَمُ العَرَبِيَّةَ forms the verbal predicate of the nominal sentence introduced by أَنَّكَ.
فَـ particle:
بِما أَنَّ الوَقْتَ ضَيِّقٌ، فَعَلَيْنَا الإسْرَاعُ.
فَـ (fa-) here emphasizes the direct and immediate consequence of the premise.
When To Use It
- Establishing Known Facts: Use
بِما أَنَّwhen the causal element is not a new piece of information but rather a shared understanding. For instance,بِما أَنَّ النَّتَائِجَ قَدْ ظَهَرَتْ، يُمْكِنُنا التَّقَدُّمُ لِلْخُطْوَةِ التَّالِيَةِ.(Since the results have appeared, we can proceed to the next step.) Here, the appearance of results is a known event, forming the basis for the next action.
- Formal and Academic Discourse: In academic papers, formal reports, and official communications,
بِما أَنَّlends a sophisticated and analytical tone. It’s frequently found in scientific explanations, legal arguments, and political statements. For example, in a policy brief, you might write:بِما أَنَّ الدِّرَاسَاتِ تُشِيرُ إِلَى زِيَادَةٍ فِي التَّلَوُّثِ، فَيَجِبُ اتِّخَاذُ إِجْرَاءَاتٍ فَاعِلَةٍ.(Since studies indicate an increase in pollution, effective measures must be taken.)
- Logical Justification and Deduction: When you are making a deduction or justifying an action based on clear evidence or circumstances,
بِما أَنَّis the appropriate choice.بِما أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُرْسِلِ البَرِيدَ الإلِكْتُرُونِيَّ، لَمْ يَتَلَقَّوْا المَعْلُومَاتِ.(Since you did not send the email, they did not receive the information.) This sentence clearly links the absence of an action to its direct, logical consequence.
- Professional Communication: In emails to colleagues, clients, or superiors, it helps to frame requests or updates with a clear, logical foundation.
بِما أَنَّ المَوْعِدَ النِّهَائِيَّ يَقْتَرِبُ، نَرْجُو مِنْكُمْ إِرْسَالَ التَّقْرِيرِ فِي أَقْرَبِ وَقْتٍ مُمْكِنٍ.(Since the deadline is approaching, we kindly ask you to send the report as soon as possible.) This usage conveys professionalism and clear reasoning.
- Subtle Contrast with
لِأَنَّ: Whileلِأَنَّexplains why something is,بِما أَنَّprecedes what follows from something. If you want to emphasize the reason first, then the result, useبِما أَنَّ. If you state the result first, then explain why, useلِأَنَّ. For example,سَأَبْقَى فِي المَنْزِلِ لِأَنَّ الجَوَّ يُمْطِرُ.(I will stay home because it is raining.) vs.بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ يُمْطِرُ، سَأَبْقَى فِي المَنْزِلِ.(Since it is raining, I will stay home.) The choice often depends on which piece of information you want to foreground.
Common Mistakes
أَنَّأَنَّ, using only بِما. The construction بِما أَنَّ is an indivisible unit for expressing this particular causal relationship. Removing أَنَّ renders the phrase grammatically incomplete and alters its meaning or makes it nonsensical in this context.- Incorrect:
بِما الجَوُّ حَارٌّ، سَنَذْهَبُ إِلَى الشَّاطِئِ.(By what the weather is hot...) - Correct:
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ حَارٌّ، سَنَذْهَبُ إِلَى الشَّاطِئِ.(Since the weather is hot, we will go to the beach.)
لِأَنَّ at the Beginning of a SentenceStructure of Bima anna Clauses
| Particle | Subject (Accusative) | Predicate | Result Clause |
|---|---|---|---|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
الطَّقسَ
|
حارّ
|
سَأَبقى في المَنزِل
|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
أَنتَ
|
مُتْعَب
|
يَجِبُ أَن تَنام
|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
المُديرَ
|
مَشغول
|
سَنُؤَجِّلُ الاجتماع
|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
الوَقتَ
|
مُتَأَخِّر
|
سَنَذهَبُ الآن
|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
الحِسابَ
|
صَحيح
|
سَنَبدَأُ العَمَل
|
|
بِما أَنَّ
|
الفُرصَةَ
|
مُتاحَة
|
يَجِبُ استِغلالُها
|
Meanings
A subordinating conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or justification for the main clause.
Causal explanation
Establishing a logical link where the reason is shared knowledge.
“بِما أَنَّكَ مَريض، يَجِبُ أَن تَستَريح.”
“بِما أَنَّنا نَعرِفُ الحَقيقَة، لا داعي لِلكَذِب.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Bima anna + Subject + Predicate
|
بِما أَنَّكَ هُنا، سَنَبدَأ.
|
|
Negative
|
Bima anna + Subject + la/laysa + Predicate
|
بِما أَنَّهُ لَيسَ مَوجوداً، سَنَنتَظِر.
|
|
Question
|
Bima anna + Subject + Predicate + Question?
|
بِما أَنَّكَ تَعْرِفُ الحَقيقَة، لِماذا صَمَتَّ؟
|
|
Past Tense
|
Bima anna + Subject + Verb (Past)
|
بِما أَنَّهُ دَرَسَ، نَجَحَ.
|
|
Future Tense
|
Bima anna + Subject + sa/sawfa + Verb
|
بِما أَنَّنا سَنُسافِر، سَنُجَهِّزُ الحَقائِب.
|
|
Nominal
|
Bima anna + Subject + Noun/Adjective
|
بِما أَنَّهُ خَبِيرٌ، نَثِقُ بِهِ.
|
Formality Spectrum
بِما أَنَّ الأَحوالَ الجَوِّيَّةَ سَيِّئَة، سَنَبقى في المَنزِل. (Weather report/Planning)
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ سَيِّئ، سَنَبقى في المَنزِل. (Weather report/Planning)
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ مِش حِلو، خَلّينا بِالبيت. (Weather report/Planning)
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ زِفْت، خَلّينا مَحَلّنا. (Weather report/Planning)
Causal Logic Map
Function
- تَعليل Reasoning
- تَمهيد Framing
Usage
- رَسمِيّ Formal
- مَنطِقِيّ Logical
Bima anna vs Li-anna
Examples by Level
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ حارّ، سَأَشرَبُ الماء.
Since the weather is hot, I will drink water.
بِما أَنَّ اليَومَ جُمُعَة، لا عَمَل.
Since today is Friday, there is no work.
بِما أَنَّكَ هُنا، سَأَتَحَدَّثُ مَعَكَ.
Since you are here, I will talk to you.
بِما أَنَّ الطَّعامَ جاهِز، هَيّا نَأكُل.
Since the food is ready, let's eat.
بِما أَنَّ الحافِلَةَ تَأَخَّرَت، سَأَذهَبُ بِالتّاكسي.
Since the bus was late, I will go by taxi.
بِما أَنَّكَ تُحِبُّ القِراءَة، هَذا الكِتابُ لَكَ.
Since you like reading, this book is for you.
بِما أَنَّنا نَعرِفُ بَعضَنا، لا داعي لِلتَّكَلُّف.
Since we know each other, there is no need for formality.
بِما أَنَّ المَحَلَّ مُغلَق، سَنَعودُ غَداً.
Since the shop is closed, we will return tomorrow.
بِما أَنَّ المَشروعَ مُعَقَّد، يَجِبُ أَن نَعمَلَ مَعاً.
Since the project is complex, we must work together.
بِما أَنَّكَ خَبِيرٌ في هَذا المَجال، ما رَأيُكَ؟
Since you are an expert in this field, what is your opinion?
بِما أَنَّ القَرارَ نِهائي، لا فائِدَةَ مِنَ النِّقاش.
Since the decision is final, there is no point in arguing.
بِما أَنَّ التَّكْنولوجيا تَتَطَوَّر، يَجِبُ أَن نَتَعَلَّمَ.
Since technology is evolving, we must learn.
بِما أَنَّ الأَدِلَّةَ غَيرُ كافِيَة، تَمَّ تَأجيلُ القَضِيَّة.
Since the evidence is insufficient, the case was postponed.
بِما أَنَّ السُّوقَ مُتَقَلِّب، نَنصَحُ بِالحَذَرِ في الاستِثمار.
Since the market is volatile, we advise caution in investing.
بِما أَنَّ التَّغييرَ حَتْميّ، يَجِبُ عَلَينا التَّكَيُّف.
Since change is inevitable, we must adapt.
بِما أَنَّ الميزانِيَّةَ مَحدودَة، سَنُقَلِّصُ النَّفَقات.
Since the budget is limited, we will cut expenses.
بِما أَنَّ السِّياقَ التّاريخِيَّ يُشيرُ لِخِلافٍ قَديم، فَلا عَجَبَ في هَذا التَّوَتُّر.
Since the historical context points to an old conflict, this tension is not surprising.
بِما أَنَّ النَّظَرِيَّةَ تَقومُ عَلى فَرَضِيّاتٍ واهِيَة، فَهِيَ مَرفوضَةٌ عِلمِيّاً.
Since the theory is based on flimsy hypotheses, it is scientifically rejected.
بِما أَنَّ الإجماعَ الدَّولِيَّ غائِب، فَالحَلُّ سَيَكونُ صَعْباً.
Since international consensus is absent, the solution will be difficult.
بِما أَنَّ القَصيدَةَ تَعكِسُ مَشاعِرَ الشّاعِر، فَهِيَ تَجربَةٌ ذاتِيَّة.
Since the poem reflects the poet's feelings, it is a subjective experience.
بِما أَنَّ البُنْيَةَ اللُّغَوِيَّةَ تَتَغَيَّرُ بِتَغَيُّرِ المُجتَمَع، فَلَا غَرابَةَ في تَطَوُّرِ اللَّهَجات.
Since linguistic structure changes with society, it is no wonder dialects evolve.
بِما أَنَّ القَوانينَ الطَّبيعِيَّةَ ثابِتَة، فَالتَّنَبُّؤُ بِالمُستَقبَلِ مُمكِنٌ نِسْبِيّاً.
Since natural laws are constant, predicting the future is relatively possible.
بِما أَنَّ الفِكْرَ الإنسانيَّ في حَرَكَةٍ دائِمَة، فَلا يُمكِنُ حَصْرُهُ في إطارٍ واحِد.
Since human thought is in constant motion, it cannot be confined to one framework.
بِما أَنَّ التَّراثَ هُوَ هُوِيَّتُنا، يَجِبُ الحِفاظُ عَلَيهِ بِكُلِّ قُوَّة.
Since heritage is our identity, it must be preserved with all strength.
Easily Confused
Both mean 'because' or 'since' in English, leading to misuse.
Both are used in formal writing to explain reasons.
Both mean 'due to the fact that'.
Common Mistakes
سَأَنام بِما أَنَّني مُتْعَب.
بِما أَنَّني مُتْعَب، سَأَنام.
لِماذا تَأَخَّرت؟ بِما أَنَّ الطَّريقَ مُزدَحِم.
لِماذا تَأَخَّرت؟ لِأَنَّ الطَّريقَ مُزدَحِم.
بِما أَنَّ الطَّقسَ حارّ.
بِما أَنَّ الطَّقسَ حارّ، سَأَشرَبُ الماء.
بِما أَنَّني ذَهَبْتُ.
بِما أَنَّني ذَهَبْتُ، سَأَعودُ.
بِما أَنَّ هُوَ مَريض.
بِما أَنَّهُ مَريض.
بِما أَنَّ كُنتُ هُنا.
بِما أَنَّني كُنتُ هُنا.
بِما أَنَّ الشَّمسُ ساطِعَة.
بِما أَنَّ الشَّمسَ ساطِعَة.
بِما أَنَّ لَيسَ عِندي وَقت.
بِما أَنَّهُ لَيسَ عِندي وَقت.
بِما أَنَّ سَأَذهَبُ.
بِما أَنَّني سَأَذهَبُ.
بِما أَنَّ هَذا صَحيح، لِماذا تَكذِب؟
بِما أَنَّ هَذا صَحيح، لِماذا تَكذِب؟ (Correct, but check tone)
بِما أَنَّهُ يَبدو أَنَّهُ مَريض.
بِما أَنَّهُ يَبدو مَريضاً.
بِما أَنَّ حَيثُ أَنَّهُ...
بِما أَنَّهُ...
بِما أَنَّهُ قَد كانَ ذَهَبَ.
بِما أَنَّهُ ذَهَبَ.
Sentence Patterns
بِما أَنَّ ___ ، سَأَقومُ بِـ ___ .
بِما أَنَّ ___ ، لا داعي لِـ ___ .
بِما أَنَّ ___ ، فَمِنَ الضَّرورِيِّ ___ .
بِما أَنَّ ___ ، فَلا عَجَبَ في ___ .
Real World Usage
بِما أَنَّني أَمْلِكُ خِبرَةً طَويلَة، أُرَشِّحُ نَفسي لِهَذا المَنصِب.
بِما أَنَّنا في المَنزِل، لِنُشاهِد فيلماً.
بِما أَنَّ الأَزمَةَ تَفاقَمَت، أَعْلَنَت الحُكومَةُ حالَةَ الطَّوارِئ.
بِما أَنَّ المَطْعَمَ مُزدَحِم، سَيَتَأَخَّرُ الطَّلَبُ قَليلاً.
بِما أَنَّ النَّتائِجَ تُؤَكِّدُ الفَرَضِيَّة، فَلا شَكَّ في صِحَّتِها.
بِما أَنَّ الرِّحلَةَ أُلغِيَت، أُريدُ استِردادَ المَبلَغ.
The 'Known Fact' Rule
Avoid 'Why' Questions
Formal Writing
Dialect Variations
Smart Tips
Use Bima anna to frame your arguments instead of starting with 'Because'.
Use Bima anna to introduce established facts before your analysis.
Use the dialectal 'Bima inno' to sound natural.
Ask: 'Am I answering a question?' If yes, use Li-anna.
Pronunciation
Emphasis
Stress the 'بِـ' (bi) slightly to emphasize the causal link.
Linking
The 'أَنَّ' should be linked to the following word if it starts with a vowel.
Rising-Falling
بِما أَنَّ الجَوَّ حارّ (rise) -> سَأَشرَبُ الماء (fall)
Signals the transition from premise to conclusion.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Bima-anna is like a 'Because' that already knows the answer.
Visual Association
Imagine a bridge. 'Bima anna' is the sturdy foundation on the left, and the result is the path leading to the right.
Rhyme
Bima anna, start the line, reason clear, logic fine.
Story
Ahmed arrives late. He doesn't say 'I am late because of traffic' (li-anna). He says 'Since the traffic was bad (bima anna), I am late.' He frames the known fact first to gain sympathy.
Word Web
Challenge
Write three sentences today using 'Bima anna' to explain your current situation (e.g., 'Since it is raining, I am staying in').
Cultural Notes
Often shortened to 'بِما إنّو' (bima inno) in casual speech.
Commonly used with 'عشان' (ashan) for 'because', but 'بِما أَنَّ' remains for formal framing.
Highly preferred in news and formal debates to maintain logical flow.
Derived from the preposition 'bi' (in/by), the relative pronoun 'ma' (that which), and the particle 'anna' (that).
Conversation Starters
بِما أَنَّ اليَومَ عُطلَة، ماذا سَتَفْعَل؟
بِما أَنَّكَ تَعَلَّمتَ العَرَبِيَّة، ما هُوَ أَصعَبُ شَيء؟
بِما أَنَّ التَّكْنولوجيا غَيَّرَت حَياتَنا، هَل تَرى ذَلِكَ إيجابِيّاً؟
بِما أَنَّ العالَمَ يَتَغَيَّرُ بِسُرعَة، كَيفَ نُحافِظُ عَلى هُوِيَّتِنا؟
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
___ الجَوَّ بارد، سَأَرتَدي مِعطَفاً.
بِما أَنَّكَ ___ ، سَأُساعِدُكَ.
Find and fix the mistake:
سَأَذهَبُ لِلسُّوق بِما أَنَّني مُحتاجٌ لِلطَّعام.
سَأَنام / بِما أَنَّني / مُتْعَب
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
أ: لِماذا تَأَخَّرت؟ ب: ___ الطَّريقَ مُزدَحِم.
الطَّقسُ حارّ، لِذَلِكَ سَأَشرَبُ الماء.
Bima anna is used for new information.
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercises___ الجَوَّ بارد، سَأَرتَدي مِعطَفاً.
بِما أَنَّكَ ___ ، سَأُساعِدُكَ.
Find and fix the mistake:
سَأَذهَبُ لِلسُّوق بِما أَنَّني مُحتاجٌ لِلطَّعام.
سَأَنام / بِما أَنَّني / مُتْعَب
1. بِما أَنَّ الطَّقسَ حارّ / 2. بِما أَنَّكَ خَبِير / 3. بِما أَنَّ الوقتَ مُتَأَخِّر
أ: لِماذا تَأَخَّرت؟ ب: ___ الطَّريقَ مُزدَحِم.
الطَّقسُ حارّ، لِذَلِكَ سَأَشرَبُ الماء.
Bima anna is used for new information.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesبِما ___ في لَنْدَن، سَنَزورُ المَتْحَف.
المَسَلْسَل بِما أَنَّ جَميل، سَأُشاهِدُهُ.
طَبيبَة / بِما / أَنَّكِ / أُريدُ / سُؤالاً
Since I am busy, I will call later.
Since she is happy...
Match the pairs:
بِما أَنَّ القَهْوَةَ ___، لَنْ أَشْرَبَها.
بِما أَنا في المَطار، أَنا سَعيد.
Since they are late...
Choose the most professional starting sentence:
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
It is possible but rare and often sounds awkward. It is best to keep it at the start of the causal clause.
It is neutral to formal. It is perfectly acceptable in daily conversation but also appropriate for academic writing.
Li-anna is for new information (answers 'Why?'). Bima anna is for shared premises (frames the context).
A comma is not strictly required in Arabic grammar, but it is highly recommended for clarity in longer sentences.
Yes, it can be followed by a nominal or verbal sentence.
Yes, often as 'Bima inno' or 'Bima inn'.
Generally no. Use 'Li-anna' for answers.
No, the structure is very consistent. The main challenge is the nuance of usage.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Puesto que
Bima anna is more versatile in spoken Arabic than 'puesto que' is in spoken Spanish.
Puisque
None; they are functionally identical.
Da
German syntax requires the verb at the end of the clause, unlike Arabic.
Node
Japanese particles are suffixes, while Arabic particles are prefixes/starters.
Jiran
Chinese word order is SVO and rigid; Arabic allows more flexibility.
Li-anna
The focus of the information (new vs. known).
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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