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B1 noun 10分で読める

ميعاد

例文 ميعاد 30秒で
解説 ميعاد in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn 'mīʿād' as a basic word for 'appointment.' You will mostly use it in very simple sentences like 'I have an appointment' (ʿindī mīʿād). At this stage, don't worry too much about the difference between 'mīʿād' and 'mawʿid.' Just focus on recognizing the word when you hear it in a doctor's office or when someone is talking about a time to meet. You will often see it on signs or in calendars. Think of it as a specific 'spot' in your day that is reserved for something. It is one of the essential nouns for survival Arabic, helping you navigate basic logistics. You might use it with numbers, like 'mīʿād as-sāʿa khamsa' (appointment at five o'clock). Learning this word early helps you move beyond just saying 'time' (waqt) for everything. It shows you are beginning to understand that Arabic has specific words for specific types of time. Try to practice saying 'ʿindī mīʿād' to your teacher or a friend to get comfortable with the pronunciation, especially the 'ʿayn' sound in the middle, which can be tricky for beginners.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'mīʿād' in more descriptive sentences. You will begin to add adjectives to it, such as 'mīʿād muhim' (important appointment) or 'mīʿād jadīd' (new appointment). You should also learn the plural form 'mawāʿīd' because you will start hearing it in phrases like 'mawāʿīd al-ʿamal' (work hours). At this level, you are expected to understand that 'mīʿād' is used for things that are planned. You might use it to talk about your daily routine or to make simple plans with others. For example, 'hal ladayka mīʿād?' (Do you have an appointment?). You are also starting to see it in the context of transportation, like the 'mīʿād' of a bus or a train. It is important to distinguish this from 'waqt' (general time). You are now building a small 'logistics' vocabulary. You should be able to ask for an appointment and understand when someone gives you one. Practice using the word with different possessive pronouns: 'mīʿādī' (my appointment), 'mīʿāduka' (your appointment), etc. This will help you integrate the word into your personal speaking style.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'mīʿād' in professional and semi-formal contexts. You understand the nuance that 'mīʿād' refers to a scheduled commitment and can use it with a variety of verbs like 'ḥaddada' (to set), 'ajjala' (to postpone), and 'alghā' (to cancel). You can now handle more complex structures, such as the Idafa construction: 'mīʿād ijtimaʿ al-muwaẓẓafīn' (the time of the employees' meeting). You are also becoming aware of the cultural significance of 'mīʿād' in the Arab world, where punctuality and the 'promise' root of the word interact. You can use the word to discuss your schedule in detail and navigate professional settings like offices or clinics without confusion. You should also be able to understand the word when used in news reports or official announcements. At this stage, you are expected to know the broken plural 'mawāʿīd' and use it correctly in sentences about schedules. You are also starting to recognize the word in literature or media, where it might have a slightly more formal or poetic tone compared to the everyday 'mawʿid.'
At the B2 level, you have a firm grasp of 'mīʿād' and its place within the Arabic lexical system. You can use it fluently in business negotiations, academic discussions, and social settings. You understand the subtle differences between 'mīʿād,' 'mawʿid,' 'liqā',' and 'ijtimaʿ' and can choose the most appropriate term for the situation. You can use idiomatic expressions involving 'mīʿād,' such as 'fī mīʿādihi' (on time) and 'ḍabṭ al-mawāʿīd' (time management/scheduling). Your understanding of the word's root (w-ʿ-d) allows you to see the connection between an appointment and a promise, which enriches your cultural and linguistic competence. You can write formal emails requesting or changing appointments using sophisticated vocabulary. You are also capable of understanding fast-paced native speech where 'mīʿād' might be used in various dialects. You can discuss the concept of 'mīʿād' in a broader sense, such as the importance of respecting appointments in different cultures. Your usage is precise, and you rarely confuse it with 'waqt' or other related terms.
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At the C1 level, your use of 'mīʿād' is near-native. You are sensitive to the stylistic choices between 'mīʿād' and its synonyms. You can use the word in highly formal contexts, such as legal documents, high-level diplomatic correspondence, or classical literature analysis. You understand the historical and religious connotations of the word, including its use in the Quran or classical poetry to refer to the 'Appointed Day.' You can use 'mīʿād' to create specific rhetorical effects in your writing and speaking. You are also aware of how the word's meaning might be slightly shaded in different Arabic dialects (e.g., Egyptian vs. Gulf) and can adapt your usage accordingly. You can engage in deep discussions about time, destiny, and social contracts, using 'mīʿād' as a central concept. Your ability to use the word in complex grammatical structures, including advanced Idafa chains and conditional sentences, is flawless. You can also appreciate and use the word in its most abstract forms, representing the concept of an inevitable meeting or a fulfilled prophecy.
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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of 'mīʿād.' You use it with the same ease and nuance as a highly educated native speaker. You can navigate the most subtle linguistic environments, from the intricacies of classical Arabic philology to the most modern business jargon. You understand the word's full etymological history and its evolution within the Arabic language. You can use 'mīʿād' in creative writing, poetry, or high-level oratory to convey deep meaning and evoke emotional responses. You are fully aware of all regional variations and can code-switch between formal MSA and various dialects with ease. Your understanding of 'mīʿād' is not just linguistic but also deeply cultural and philosophical. You can interpret and use the word in any context, whether it's a casual remark about a lunch date or a profound statement on the nature of time and human existence. You are a master of the 'wa'ada' root and all its derivatives, using them to express a wide range of meanings related to promises, threats, and appointments.
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例文

ميعاد 30秒で

  • Mīʿād means an appointment or a scheduled time for a meeting.
  • It comes from the Arabic root for 'promise,' implying a commitment.
  • The plural form is 'mawāʿīd,' commonly used for schedules and work hours.
  • It is more formal and specific than the general word for time, 'waqt'.

The Arabic word ميعاد (Mīʿād) is a noun derived from the root w-ʿ-d (و-ع-د), which fundamentally relates to the concept of promising, pledging, or designating a specific time or place. In modern standard Arabic and many dialects, ميعاد primarily refers to a scheduled meeting, an appointment, or a specific time set for an event. Unlike the general word for 'time' (waqt), ميعاد carries the weight of a commitment or a prior arrangement. It is the framework upon which professional and social interactions are built in the Arab world.

Professional Context
In a business setting, this word is used to denote formal appointments with clients, colleagues, or supervisors. It implies a level of punctuality and mutual agreement. For example, 'I have a mīʿād with the manager' suggests a pre-arranged slot in the schedule.

هل يمكننا تحديد ميعاد للمقابلة القادمة؟ (Can we set an appointment for the next interview?)

Beyond the boardroom, ميعاد is ubiquitous in daily life. From doctor's appointments to meeting a friend for coffee, the word encapsulates the 'when' of human connection. It is important to note the nuance between mīʿād and mawʿid. While often used interchangeably, mīʿād can sometimes feel slightly more formal or emphatic regarding the specific time point, whereas mawʿid is the most common term for 'date' or 'appointment' in general conversation.

Social Nuance
Socially, missing a mīʿād can be seen as a breach of a promise, reflecting the root meaning of 'wa'ada' (to promise). This cultural layer adds a sense of obligation to the word that 'appointment' might lack in a purely clinical English sense.

Historically, the term has also been used in religious and poetic contexts to refer to the 'Appointed Day' or the 'Day of Promise.' This gives the word a profound depth, suggesting that a mīʿād is not just a slot on a calendar, but a significant moment in time that has been destined or agreed upon by two parties. When you use this word, you are invoking a tradition of reliability and social contract that has existed for centuries in the Arabic language.

لقد تأخرت عن ميعاد الطائرة. (I was late for the flight time/appointment.)

Grammatical Note
The plural form is 'mawāʿīd' (مواعيد). This is frequently heard in the phrase 'ḍabṭ al-mawāʿīd' (setting/adjusting schedules), which is vital for organizational management.

Using ميعاد correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that can function as the subject, object, or part of a possessive construction (Idafa). It is most commonly paired with verbs like 'to have' (ʿinda), 'to set' (ḥaddada), or 'to change' (ghayyara). Because it refers to a specific point in time, it is often followed by a prepositional phrase or another noun to clarify what the appointment is for.

Possession and Existence
To say 'I have an appointment,' you use the preposition 'ʿinda' (at/with) followed by the pronoun suffix. For example: 'ʿindī mīʿād' (I have an appointment). This is the most basic and frequent construction for learners to master.

عندي ميعاد مهم في الساعة العاشرة صباحاً. (I have an important appointment at ten o'clock in the morning.)

When you want to specify the *type* of appointment, you use the Idafa construction (the possessive link). For instance, 'mīʿād al-ghadā'' means 'lunch appointment.' Here, mīʿād is the first part (mudaf) and al-ghadā' is the second part (mudaf ilayhi). This structure is essential for professional communication where you need to distinguish between a 'mīʿād ʿamal' (work appointment) and a 'mīʿād ṭabīb' (doctor's appointment).

Action Verbs
Verbs like 'to cancel' (alghā), 'to postpone' (ajjala), or 'to respect' (iḥtarama) are commonly used with this word. 'Iḥtarama al-mīʿād' (He respected the appointment/time) is a high compliment in professional circles, denoting reliability.

يجب علينا تأجيل ميعاد الاجتماع بسبب الظروف الجوية. (We must postpone the meeting time due to weather conditions.)

In more advanced usage, ميعاد can appear in idiomatic expressions regarding the passage of time. Phrases like 'fī mīʿādihi' (on time / in its appointed time) are used to describe something happening exactly when it was supposed to. This is often used for trains, planes, and official ceremonies. If a train arrives 'fī mīʿādihi,' it is perfectly on schedule.

Plural Usage
The plural 'mawāʿīd' is used when discussing schedules or multiple appointments. 'Jadwal al-mawāʿīd' (the schedule of appointments) is a term you will see on many office doors and websites.

هل يمكنك مراجعة جدول المواعيد؟ (Can you check the appointments schedule?)

The word ميعاد is a staple of both Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and various regional dialects, though its frequency and specific usage might shift slightly. In the workplace, it is the standard term for any structured time commitment. If you are working in an office in Dubai, Cairo, or Riyadh, you will hear this word daily from receptionists, secretaries, and managers. It is the language of the 'Outlook Calendar' in the Arab world.

In the News and Media
News broadcasts frequently use 'mīʿād' when discussing the timing of diplomatic summits, elections, or the launch of national projects. 'Mīʿād al-intikhābāt' (the time of elections) is a common headline. In this context, it carries a sense of officiality and national importance.

تم الإعلان عن ميعاد انطلاق المؤتمر الدولي. (The scheduled time for the start of the international conference was announced.)

In public transportation hubs, such as airports and train stations, ميعاد is used to refer to departure and arrival times. While 'waqt' might be used, 'mīʿād' is more precise for the 'scheduled' time as opposed to the 'actual' time. You might hear an announcement saying 'al-mīʿād al-muḥaddad' (the specified/scheduled time) followed by a delay notice.

Daily Social Life
In casual conversation, especially in Egypt and the Levant, 'mīʿād' is used for meeting friends. 'Khallīnā nithaddid mīʿād' (Let's set a time/appointment) is a very common phrase. It bridges the gap between the formal and the informal, making it a versatile tool for any speaker.

نسيت ميعاد المسلسل المفضل لدي. (I forgot the scheduled time of my favorite TV series.)

Furthermore, the word appears in literature and song lyrics, often symbolizing a long-awaited reunion or a fateful encounter. The famous Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum and others have used the word 'mīʿād' to describe the agony of waiting for a loved one. In this poetic sense, the 'mīʿād' is not just a time on a clock, but a destination for the heart. This emotional resonance is why the word remains so powerful across all levels of Arabic discourse.

Learning to use ميعاد correctly involves navigating a few linguistic pitfalls. The most common error for English speakers is confusing it with the general word for 'time,' which is waqt. While in English we might say 'What time is the meeting?', in Arabic, it is more precise to ask 'What is the mīʿād of the meeting?'. Using 'waqt' in place of 'mīʿād' is not grammatically wrong, but it sounds less professional and slightly vague.

The 'Mawʿid' vs. 'Mīʿād' Confusion
Many students struggle with the difference between 'mawʿid' (موعد) and 'mīʿād' (ميعاد). Both come from the same root and mean similar things. However, 'mawʿid' is much more common in daily speech for general appointments. 'Mīʿād' often implies a more fixed, formal, or significant scheduled time. Using 'mīʿād' for a casual 'hangout' might sound a bit too stiff in some dialects, while using 'mawʿid' in a legal contract might feel slightly less formal than 'mīʿād'.

Mistake: متى وقت الطبيب؟ (When is the doctor's time?)
Correct: متى ميعاد الطبيب؟ (When is the doctor's appointment?)

Another frequent mistake involves the plural. The plural of mīʿād is mawāʿīd. Learners often try to pluralize it as 'mīʿādāt' or 'mīʿādin,' which are incorrect. Mastering the broken plural 'mawāʿīd' is essential because it is used in the very common phrase 'mawāʿīd al-ʿamal' (working hours/schedule). If you mispronounce or misspell the plural, you may fail to communicate basic logistical information.

Gender Agreement
Since 'mīʿād' is a masculine noun, learners sometimes mistakenly use feminine adjectives with it, especially if they are thinking of the English word 'appointment' or 'meeting' (which might translate to the feminine 'muqābala'). Always ensure adjectives like 'thābit' (fixed) or 'mutaghayyir' (changing) are in the masculine form.

Finally, beware of literal translations of English idioms. For instance, 'to make time' for someone doesn't use 'mīʿād'. Instead, you would say 'khallaṣa waqtan' or 'farraagha waqtan'. 'Mīʿād' is strictly for the *scheduled point* in time, not the *duration* or the *availability* of time. Understanding this distinction is key to achieving a B1/B2 level of proficiency in Arabic.

Incorrect: أنا أحتاج ميعاد للدراسة. (I need an appointment to study - meaning 'time').
Correct: أنا أحتاج وقتاً للدراسة. (I need time to study.)

Arabic is a language rich in synonyms, and ميعاد has several 'cousins' that are used depending on the specific context of the encounter. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to choose the word with the exact 'flavor' you need for your sentence.

موعد (Mawʿid)
This is the closest synonym. It is used for appointments, dates, and deadlines. While 'mīʿād' feels slightly more formal or 'fixed,' 'mawʿid' is the standard word used in 90% of everyday situations. If you are going on a date or meeting a friend, use 'mawʿid'.

Comparison: ميعاد القطار (Train schedule) vs. موعد الغداء (Lunch date).

Another alternative is اجتماع (Ijtimaʿ), which specifically means a 'meeting.' While a 'mīʿād' is the *time* of the meeting, 'ijtimaʿ' is the *event* itself. You would say 'I have an ijtimaʿ (meeting) at ten o'clock,' but you would say 'The mīʿād (scheduled time) of the ijtimaʿ is ten o'clock.' Confusing these two is a common learner error.

لقاء (Liqā')
This word means 'encounter' or 'meeting' in a more general or social sense. It is often used for interviews (liqā' ṣuḥufī) or romantic meetings. It emphasizes the act of seeing someone rather than the logistical scheduling of the time.

كان اللقاء ممتعاً جداً. (The meeting/encounter was very enjoyable.)

For the concept of a 'deadline,' you might use موعد نهائي (Mawʿid nihā'ī) or أجل (Ajal). While 'mīʿād' refers to when something *starts* or *happens*, 'ajal' refers to the *limit* of when something must be finished. Finally, توقيت (Tawqīt) is used for 'timing' or 'time zone.' You would hear 'tawqīt al-Qāhira' (Cairo time). Choosing between 'mīʿād,' 'tawqīt,' and 'waqt' is a hallmark of an advanced Arabic speaker.

Summary Table
- Mīʿād: Scheduled time/Appointment (Formal/Fixed).
- Mawʿid: Appointment/Date (General).
- Ijtimaʿ: The meeting event itself.
- Waqt: General time/duration.
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レベル別の例文

1

عندي ميعاد مع الطبيب.

I have an appointment with the doctor.

Uses 'ʿindī' (I have) followed by the noun.

2

متى الميعاد؟

When is the appointment?

A simple question using 'matā' (when).

3

الميعاد في الساعة الخامسة.

The appointment is at five o'clock.

Uses the preposition 'fī' to indicate time.

4

هذا ميعاد مهم.

This is an important appointment.

Adjective 'muhim' follows the noun.

5

أين ميعادنا؟

Where is our appointment/meeting?

Uses the suffix '-nā' for 'our'.

6

الميعاد غداً.

The appointment is tomorrow.

Uses the adverb 'ghadan' (tomorrow).

7

ليس عندي ميعاد اليوم.

I don't have an appointment today.

Uses 'laysa' for negation.

8

ميعاد الدرس الآن.

The lesson's time is now.

Idafa construction: 'mīʿād al-dars'.

1

أريد تغيير ميعاد المقابلة.

I want to change the interview appointment.

Verb 'urīdu' (I want) followed by 'taghyīr' (changing).

2

هل الميعاد مناسب لك؟

Is the time suitable for you?

Adjective 'munāsib' (suitable) agrees with 'mīʿād'.

3

نسيت ميعاد الحافلة.

I forgot the bus schedule/time.

Past tense verb 'nasītu' (I forgot).

4

مواعيد العمل تبدأ في الثامنة.

Work hours start at eight.

Uses the plural 'mawāʿīd'.

5

سأحضر في الميعاد المحدد.

I will come at the specified time.

Future 'sa-' prefix with 'aḥḍura'.

6

الميعاد بعيد جداً.

The appointment is very far (in the future).

Adjective 'baʿīd' (far) describes the time.

7

اتصلت لتأكيد الميعاد.

I called to confirm the appointment.

Preposition 'li-' (for/to) + masdar 'ta'kīd'.

8

شكراً على هذا الميعاد.

Thank you for this appointment.

Preposition 'ʿalā' used for 'for' in thanks.

1

يجب علينا احترام مواعيدنا المهنية.

We must respect our professional appointments.

Verb 'iḥtarama' (to respect) with plural 'mawāʿīd'.

2

تم تحديد ميعاد جديد للاجتماع السنوي.

A new time has been set for the annual meeting.

Passive voice 'tumma taḥdīd' (was set).

3

هل يمكننا تقديم الميعاد ساعة واحدة؟

Can we move the appointment forward by one hour?

Verb 'taqdīm' means to bring forward/advance.

4

اعتذر المدير عن الميعاد بسبب انشغاله.

The manager apologized for the appointment due to being busy.

Verb 'iʿtadhara' followed by 'ʿan'.

5

الميعاد النهائي لتسليم المشروع هو الأحد.

The deadline (final time) for project delivery is Sunday.

Compound phrase 'al-mīʿād al-nihā'ī'.

6

لا أستطيع الالتزام بهذا الميعاد.

I cannot commit to this appointment.

Verb 'iltizām' (commitment) with preposition 'bi-'.

7

سأرسل لك ميعاد الرحلة عبر البريد.

I will send you the flight time via email.

Future tense 'sa-' with 'arsala'.

8

كان الميعاد فرصة جيدة للتعارف.

The appointment was a good opportunity to get to know each other.

Past tense 'kāna' with noun 'furṣa' (opportunity).

1

تأخرت الطائرة عن ميعادها المحدد بساعتين.

The plane was delayed from its scheduled time by two hours.

Preposition 'ʿan' used to show deviation from time.

2

يؤثر اضطراب المواعيد على إنتاجية الشركة.

The disruption of schedules affects the company's productivity.

Verb 'yu'athiru' (affects) with 'ʿalā'.

3

علينا أن نكون دقيقين في مواعيدنا.

We must be punctual (precise) in our appointments.

Adjective 'daqīq' means precise/punctual.

4

تم إلغاء الميعاد دون إشعار مسبق.

The appointment was cancelled without prior notice.

Phrase 'dūna ishʿār musbaq' is formal.

5

يرجى إبلاغنا في حال رغبتكم في تغيير الميعاد.

Please inform us if you wish to change the appointment.

Formal request using 'yurjā'.

6

يتطلب هذا العمل تنظيماً دقيقاً للمواعيد.

This work requires careful organization of schedules.

Masdar 'tanẓīm' (organization) in Idafa.

7

لم يكن الميعاد مناسباً لجميع الأطراف.

The time was not suitable for all parties.

Negation 'lam yakun' (was not).

8

سأقوم بتثبيت الميعاد في تقويمي الخاص.

I will fix/confirm the appointment in my private calendar.

Verb 'tathbīt' (fixing/confirming).

1

إن الوفاء بالميعاد جزء لا يتجزأ من أخلاقيات العمل.

Fulfilling appointments is an integral part of work ethics.

Phrase 'juz' lā yutajazza'' means integral part.

2

تتضارب المواعيد أحياناً مما يستدعي إعادة الجدولة.

Appointments sometimes conflict, necessitating rescheduling.

Verb 'tataḍārabu' (to conflict/clash).

3

كان ميعادنا مع القدر في تلك الليلة الحزينة.

Our appointment was with fate on that sad night.

Metaphorical use of 'mīʿād' with 'al-qadar' (fate).

4

يجب مراعاة فروق التوقيت عند تحديد ميعاد الاجتماع الدولي.

Time zone differences must be considered when setting the international meeting time.

Masdar 'murāʿāt' (considering/observing).

5

ظلت تنتظر الميعاد بشوق وحنين طوال السنين.

She kept waiting for the appointment with longing and nostalgia throughout the years.

Verb 'ẓallat' indicates continuity.

6

أدى سوء تنظيم المواعيد إلى خسائر مالية كبيرة.

Poor organization of schedules led to significant financial losses.

Compound subject 'sū' tanẓīm'.

7

الميعاد الذي قطعته على نفسك يجب أن تحترمه.

The promise/appointment you made to yourself must be respected.

Relative clause 'alladhī qaṭa'tahu'.

8

لا يخلف الله ميعاده أبداً.

God never breaks His promise/appointed time.

Religious context, verb 'yukhliifu' (to break a promise).

1

تجلى إخلاص الموظف في انضباطه الصارم بمواعيده.

The employee's sincerity was evident in his strict discipline with appointments.

Verb 'tajallā' (to manifest/be evident).

2

إن الميعاد المضروب للنهضة الاقتصادية يتطلب تضافر الجهود.

The set time for economic revival requires concerted efforts.

Passive participle 'al-maḍrūb' used for 'set/fixed'.

3

استحال الميعاد إلى ذكرى عابرة في سجلات التاريخ.

The appointed time turned into a fleeting memory in the records of history.

Verb 'istaḥāla' (to transform/turn into).

4

تتحكم المواعيد الفلكية في حركة المد والجزر.

Astronomical timings control the movement of tides.

Adjective 'falakiyya' (astronomical).

5

كان الميعاد بمثابة نقطة تحول جوهرية في مسيرته.

The appointment served as a fundamental turning point in his career.

Phrase 'bi-mathābat' (equivalent to/serving as).

6

لم يكن بوسعه التنصل من الميعاد الذي أبرمه.

He could not evade the appointment/agreement he had concluded.

Verb 'tanuṣṣul' (to evade/shirk).

7

يعكس احترام المواعيد رقي المجتمعات وتحضرها.

Respecting appointments reflects the sophistication and civilization of societies.

Verb 'ya'kisu' (reflects).

8

في ميعاد الغروب، تهدأ النفوس وتستكين.

At the time of sunset, souls calm down and find peace.

Poetic use of 'mīʿād' for natural cycles.

よく使う組み合わせ

تحديد ميعاد
تأجيل الميعاد
احترام المواعيد
جدول المواعيد
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