Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use this to give direct instructions or advice based on a specific future possibility: 'If [condition], [do this]!'
- Use Present Simple after 'if' for the condition: 'If you see him...'
- Use the base verb (Imperative) for the result: '...tell him to call me.'
- For negative commands, use 'don't': 'If it rains, don't go out.'
Overview
First Conditional のバリエーションだ。普通、First Conditional は will と won't がすべてだと習うよね。例えば、If it rains, I will stay home.（もし雨が降ったら、私は家にいるつもりだ）。これは予測には最適だ。でも、代わりに命令やアドバイスをしたい場合はどうする？「もし雨が降ったら、家にいなさい！」と言いたい場合は？それがまさに今日見るものだ。これは、起こりうる未来の条件と、誰かが取るべき直接的な行動を結びつけるんだ。ビデオゲームで論理ゲートを設定するようなものだね。「If [条件A] が満たされたら、[アクションB] をトリガーする」。状況が実際に発生したときにのみ行動を求めるから、指示を出す最も実用的な方法の一つだ。will や複雑な動詞の形について心配する必要はない。必要なのは present simple（現在形）と動詞の原形だけ。シンプルで効果的、そしてカジュアルな会話でずっと自然に聞こえるよ。もし英語のアドバイスをマスターしたいなら、今すぐこのルールを学びなさい！...ほら、今僕が何をしたかわかった？How This Grammar Works
if-clause（if節）。これが場面を設定する。将来起こるかもしれない状況を説明するんだ。保証はないけど、現実的な可能性があることだね。ここでは未来のことを考えていても、present simple を使う。2つ目の部分は result clause（結果節）。何が起こるか（*will*）を言う代わりに、imperative（命令形）を使って誰かに何を*する*かを伝えるんだ。imperative は動詞の原形（call, go, eat など）そのままだ。you のような主語はない。なぜなら命令形では、you は常に了解されているからだ。バイラルなTikTokレシピの隠し味みたいに隠れているんだ。これらを組み合わせると、明確な指示になる。順番を逆にしても意味は同じだけど、カンマは消えるよ。If you get lost, call me は Call me if you get lost になる。どちらも完全にOKだけど、if で始めると通常、条件自体により重点が置かれる。パンチラインを言う前に契約条件を設定するようなものだね。
Formation Pattern
If で始める。
Present Simple を使って条件を加える。（例：you need help）
Imperative 形を使って結果を加える。（例：send me a message）
If you need help, send me a message.
Conjugation Table
| Condition (If + Present Simple) | Result (Imperative) | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| --- | --- | --- |
| If you arrive early | wait for me | もし早く着いたら、待っていて |
| If it is too expensive | don't buy it | もし高すぎたら、買わないで |
| If you see Sarah | tell her hi | もしサラに会ったら、よろしく言って |
| If the app crashes | restart your phone | もしアプリがクラッシュしたら、スマホを再起動して |
Politeness Levels
- カジュアル
If you're bored, watch Netflix.（友達に：暇ならNetflixでも見なよ。）
- 標準
If you have questions, please ask.（教室で：質問があれば、聞いてください。）
- フォーマル
If you require assistance, kindly contact the help desk.（仕事のメールで：支援が必要な場合は、ヘルプデスクにご連絡ください。）
Memory Trick
「条件付きリモコン」を思い浮かべてみて。If 節は君がボタンを押すこと。Imperative はテレビがチャンネルを変えることだ。テレビは「チャンネルを変えるつもりです（will）」とは言わない、ただやるだけだ。ボタンなら、アクション！
When To Use It
If you feel stressed, take a break.（ストレスを感じたら、休憩して）。指示やマニュアルにも使える：If the red light blinks, replace the battery.（赤いランプが点滅したら、電池を交換してください）。警告や脅し（ピリ辛なやつ）にも最適だ：If you touch my fries, prepare for war.（私のポテトに触ったら、戦争だと思え）。ソーシャルメディアのキャプションでも常に見かけるだろう：If you like this post, hit the follow button!（この投稿が気に入ったら、フォローボタンを押してね！）。旅行にも素晴らしい：If you go to London, bring an umbrella.（ロンドンに行くなら、傘を持って行って）。基本的には、特定の状況で特定のリアクションが必要なときはいつでも、これが頼りになる手だ。should や will を使うよりもずっと直接的だ。自信があるように響く。何が起こる必要があるかを正確に知っているように聞こえるんだ。ネットショッピングの世界では、こう見るかもしれない：If the item is damaged, return it within 30 days.（商品が破損している場合は、30日以内に返品してください）。明確で、機能的で、みんなの時間を大幅に節約できる。
Common Mistakes
will を足してしまうことだ。If it rains, will take an umbrella は大きな間違い。imperative に will は要らない。もう一つの典型的なミスは、if-clause で間違った時制を使うこと。If you will be hungry... と言いたくなるかもしれないけど、If you are hungry を守ろう。未来の意味でも、現在は現在形（Simple present）。単純なことだ。あと、If で始めるならカンマを忘れないで。これは読者にとっての小さな息継ぎのスペースとして機能する。If you're happy and you know it clap your hands は it の後にカンマが必要だ。それがないと、文が長く息切れするような一続きの文に感じられてしまう。最後に、結果節の主語に注意しよう。If you see him, you tell him. と言う必要はない。単に If you see him, tell him. と言おう。you を足すと、命令ではなく事実の陳述のように聞こえてしまう。私たちが求めている「ボスの」エネルギーが失われてしまうんだ。Contrast With Similar Patterns
will バージョンとどう違うの？それはすべて意図次第だ。If you go to the party, you will see Mark.（これは予測だ。何が起こるかを伝えている。）If you go to the party, say hi to Mark!（これは命令/依頼だ。何をしてほしいかを伝えている。）
should はどうだろう？If you are tired, you should sleep.（これは柔らかい提案だ。丁寧だね。）If you are tired, sleep!（これはもっと強い。直接的な指示だ。）
imperative を使おう。単に未来を予測しているときは will を使おう。すごく穏やかに、鬼軍曹のように聞こえるのを避けたいときは should を使おう。Quick FAQ
imperative と一緒に please を使ってもいい？
もちろん！それはずっと丁寧になるよ。If you're late, please call me.
否定の命令に don't を使っても大丈夫？
イエス！If the water is hot, don't touch it. 完璧に機能するよ。
imperative を先に持ってきてもいい？
確実にあってもいいよ。Don't eat that if it smells weird. カンマをなくすのを忘れずに。
これは過去の状況にも使える？
いや。これは今、もしくは将来起こりうることに対してのみだ。
就職面接では偉そうすぎる？
かもしれないね。あなたが本当にハイレベルな交渉人でない限り、If you hire me, pay me well!（私を雇うなら、給料を弾んでください！）と言うよりは、If I am hired, I will work hard（もし採用されたら、一生懸命働きます）にしておこう。
Real Conversations
Alex
Sam
Sarah
Leo
Progressive Practice
条件を特定する: If you are cold... (結果: ジャケットを着なさい / put on a jacket)
否定の指示を練習する: If the link looks suspicious, don't click it. (リンクが怪しそうなら、クリックしないで)
完全なシナリオを作る: あなたが留守の間、猫の世話をする友達に3つの指示を与えよう。If the cat meows, give him a treat. (猫が鳴いたら、おやつをあげて)
Structure of Conditional Imperatives
| Clause Type | Grammar Rule | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
If-Clause (Condition)
|
If + Present Simple
|
If you see a fire...
|
|
Main Clause (Command)
|
Imperative (Base Verb)
|
...call 911.
|
|
Negative If-Clause
|
If + don't/doesn't + Verb
|
If you don't like it...
|
|
Negative Command
|
Don't + Base Verb
|
...don't buy it.
|
|
Polite Command
|
Please + Base Verb
|
...please let me know.
|
Contractions in Conditional Imperatives
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
If you are
|
If you're
|
Common in speech
|
|
Do not (Command)
|
Don't
|
Standard for commands
|
|
If it is
|
If it's
|
Common in speech
|
Meanings
A variation of the first conditional where the result clause is a command or piece of advice rather than a prediction.
Giving Advice
Suggesting a helpful action if a certain condition is met.
“If you want to lose weight, eat more vegetables.”
“If you're tired, take a short nap.”
Giving Instructions
Step-by-step directions for a process.
“If the light turns red, stop the car.”
“If the water boils, add the pasta.”
Warnings and Prohibitions
Telling someone what NOT to do in a specific situation.
“If the alarm sounds, don't use the elevator.”
“If you are driving, don't use your phone.”
Reference Table
| 条件（`If`節） | 行動（命令形） | 例文 | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
If + Present Simple
|
Base verb (command)
|
If you're late, text me.
|
|
|
If + Present Simple
|
Base verb (advice)
|
If you're tired, take a break.
|
|
|
If + Present Simple
|
Don't + Base verb (negative command)
|
If you don't know, don't guess.
|
|
|
If the weather is good
|
Go for a walk
|
If the weather is good, go for a walk.
|
|
|
If you need help
|
Ask your teacher
|
If you need help
|
ask your teacher.
|
|
If she calls
|
Tell her I'm busy
|
If she calls, tell her I'm busy.
|
|
|
If the alarm rings
|
Evacuate immediately
|
If the alarm rings, evacuate immediately.
|
|
|
If he visits
|
Show him around
|
If he visits, show him around.
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
Should you encounter any difficulties, please contact me. (Support/Help)
If you have any problems, call me. (Support/Help)
If you get stuck, give me a shout. (Support/Help)
If it goes south, hit me up. (Support/Help)
レベル別の例文
If you are hot, open the window.
If you are sad, call me.
If it is 8:00, wake up.
If you see a dog, don't run.
If you go to the supermarket, buy some milk.
If the phone rings, don't answer it.
If you feel lost, look at the map.
If you want to pass, study hard.
If you have any trouble with the software, check the manual.
If the weather is nice tomorrow, let's have a picnic.
If you don't hear from me by five, give me a call.
If you find my keys, please put them on the table.
If you encounter any resistance from the client, refer them to me.
If the symptoms persist for more than three days, consult a specialist.
If you decide to accept the offer, sign the document and return it.
If you're looking for a quiet place to work, try the library on the third floor.
If you should find yourself in need of assistance, do not hesitate to reach out.
If the data appears corrupted, halt the process immediately.
If you ever happen to be in the neighborhood, stop by for a coffee.
If the witness refuses to testify, seek a court order.
If the aforementioned conditions are not met, consider this contract null and void.
If you would be so kind as to wait a moment, follow me to the drawing room.
If the engine begins to overheat, pull over and kill the ignition at once.
If you find your resolve wavering, remember the stakes of this mission.
間違えやすい
Both use the Present Simple in the if-clause. Learners mix up general facts with specific commands.
Learners use 'will' when they should use a command.
Learners use the past tense in the if-clause for advice.
よくある間違い
If you are hungry, you eat.
If you are hungry, eat.
If it will rain, take an umbrella.
If it rains, take an umbrella.
If you see him tell him hello.
If you see him, tell him hello.
If you are tired, to sleep.
If you are tired, sleep.
If he call, tell me.
If he calls, tell me.
If you don't like it, no eat it.
If you don't like it, don't eat it.
If you are late, please you call me.
If you are late, please call me.
If you would like to go, let me to know.
If you would like to go, let me know.
If the machine will stop, press the button.
If the machine stops, press the button.
If you see a mistake, correcting it.
If you see a mistake, correct it.
If you should see him, you will tell him.
If you should see him, tell him.
文型パターン
If you ___, don't ___.
If the ___ ___, ___ it.
Please ___ if you ___.
If you want to ___, you must ___.
Real World Usage
If you're running late, just text me.
If the sauce is too thick, add a splash of water.
If you have any further questions, please feel free to ask.
If the alarm sounds, exit the building immediately.
If the app crashes, try reinstalling it.
If you like this post, share it with your friends!
命令形で「直接的」に伝えよう
カンマの位置、大事だよ！
「はっきりした指示」にピッタリ！
言い方で「柔らかく」なるよ
否定の命令形も「簡単」！
Smart Tips
Add 'please' or 'why don't you' to the command.
Use the imperative to be clear and concise.
Check if the 'will' is in the if-clause. If it is, delete it!
Try starting with the command to sound more encouraging.
発音
The Comma Pause
When the 'if' clause is first, there is a slight rising intonation at the end of the clause, followed by a brief pause.
Imperative Stress
The verb in the imperative clause usually carries the primary stress of the sentence because it is the most important action.
Condition-Command
If it rains ↗, stay inside ↘.
The rising tone shows the condition is pending; the falling tone shows the command is final.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Remember: 'If' starts the race (Present Simple), and the 'Command' crosses the finish line (Base Verb).
視覚的連想
Imagine a traffic light. If the light is red (Condition), STOP (Imperative). The action is immediate and direct.
Rhyme
If you see a chance, take it! If you make a mess, bake it!
Story
A boss tells an employee: 'If the phone rings, answer it. If the client complains, apologize. If the boss enters, stand up.' Every situation has a specific action.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 3 'If' rules for your house (e.g., 'If you use a cup, wash it').
文化メモ
British speakers often add 'do' before the imperative to make it sound more like a warm invitation or a polite suggestion.
American English tends to be very direct with conditional imperatives, especially in service and safety contexts.
In corporate environments, 'please' is almost always added to soften the command, even if the speaker has authority.
The imperative mood is one of the oldest features of Indo-European languages, used for direct survival instructions. The conditional 'if' (Old English 'gif') was later paired with it to create logical contingencies.
会話のきっかけ
If you win the lottery tomorrow, what is the first thing you do? (Answer with a command to yourself!)
If a tourist feels lost in your city, what advice do you give them?
If you see a fire in a building, what are the steps to take?
If you want to make the perfect sandwich, what do you do?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
`If you see a good movie playing, ___ me about it!`
`If you are tired, you will go to bed.`
これらの単語を並べ替えて文章を作りましょう:
Score: /3
練習問題
8 exercisesIf it ___ (rain), don't forget your umbrella.
Which sentence is a correct instruction?
Find and fix the mistake:
If the phone will ring, answer it immediately.
If you see John, you will tell him to call me.
1. If you're cold... 2. If you're hungry... 3. If you're lost...
You should use a comma if the 'if' clause comes at the end of the sentence.
A: I'm so stressed about the exam! B: If you're stressed, ___.
don't / if / late / it / is / drive
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercises`If you need fresh air, ___ outside for a bit.`
`If it will rain, take an umbrella.`
正しい文章を選びましょう:
英語に翻訳しましょう: 'Si tienes un problema, dime.'
これらの単語を並べ替えて文章を作りましょう:
条件とアドバイスを合わせましょう:
`If you want good grades, ___ regularly.`
`If she will call, I will tell her.`
正しい文章を選びましょう:
英語に翻訳しましょう: 'Si él llega, dile que me espere.'
単語を並べ替えましょう:
節を組み合わせましょう:
Score: /12
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, `If you are tired, you should sleep` is correct and slightly softer than `If you are tired, sleep`. Both are common.
Yes, `If you're finished, you can go` is a common variation. It's a permission rather than a command.
In English, the `if` word already implies a future possibility, so adding `will` is redundant and grammatically incorrect.
It's neutral. It depends on the verb. `If you're hungry, eat` is informal. `If the alarm sounds, evacuate` is formal.
Yes! `Unless you're busy, help me` means `If you aren't busy, help me`.
The imperative is only for 'you'. For others, use `let`: `If he arrives, let him in.`
Only if the `if` clause is at the beginning. `If it rains, stay home` (Yes). `Stay home if it rains` (No).
No, that would make it a Second Conditional, which is for imaginary situations. For real commands, use the Present Simple.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Si + Presente + Imperativo
English has only one imperative form; Spanish has many.
Si + Présent + Impératif
French requires choosing between 'tu' and 'vous' imperative forms.
Wenn + Präsens + Imperativ
German word order moves the verb to the end of the if-clause.
~tara / ~ba + kudasai
Japanese uses verb suffixes instead of a separate word for 'if'.
Idha + Present + Imperative
Arabic imperatives conjugate for gender (male/female command).
Ruguo... jiu...
Chinese often adds a 'then' particle (jiu) which is optional in English.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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