B2 Verb Moods 11 min read ふつう

Suppose & Supposing: もしものゲーム

「Suppose」と「Supposing」をマスターして、仮定の話や「もし〜なら」の状況をスムーズに話せるようになりましょう!「Hypotheticals」「What If」「Speculation」

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'Suppose' or 'Supposing' to invite someone to imagine a situation, acting like a more creative version of 'If'.

  • Use 'Suppose' + Present Tense for likely future events: 'Suppose it rains?'
  • Use 'Suppose' + Past Tense for unlikely/imaginary events: 'Suppose you won?'
  • Use 'Suppose' + Past Perfect for impossible past events: 'Suppose you hadn't gone?'
Suppose/Supposing + Clause (Subject + Verb) + ?

Overview

### Overview
英語の文法において、supposesupposing は、聞き手を思考実験に誘い込むための特別な仮定法接続詞として機能します。これらはしばしば if と似たように使われますが、より能動的な目的を持っています。つまり、仮説を提示し、その結果を探求することを促すのです。これらを使用することは、「この前提を一時的に真実として受け入れ、それがどこへ導くかを見てみましょう」と言うのに似ています。これにより、推測、提案、問題解決のための強力なツールとなります。
B2レベルでは、supposesupposing を習得することで、単純な条件文を超えた表現が可能になります。可能性を中立的な事実としてではなく、共有された考察のための命題として組み立てることを学びます。これらは文法的に多様であり、カジュアルなテキストメッセージからフォーマルな学術的議論まで、さまざまな文脈で使用され、多くの場合、互換性があります。ただし、supposing の方がわずかにフォーマルまたは思索的な響きを持つことがあります。
### How This Grammar Works
supposesupposing の中心的な機能は、仮定的な距離(hypothetical distance) を作り出すことです。これは英語文法において重要な概念であり、動詞の時制が、話し手の心理的または時間的な距離感を伝えるために使用されます。非現実的なシナリオに対して suppose または supposing を使用する場合、過去の時制は過去の時間を示すのではなく、状況が想像上のものである、ありそうもない、または事実に反することを示すために用いられます。これは仮定法(subjunctive mood) の機能です。
if と比較した場合の根本的な意味合いの違いを見てみましょう。
| Clause | Example | Implication |
| :----------------- | :---------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| if (中立) | If you get the job... | 中立的で開かれた可能性を示します。単に条件を設定するだけです。 |
| suppose | Suppose you got the job... | その仕事を得たという現実を、積極的に想像するように促します。精神的な関与を促すものです。 |
| supposing | Supposing you were the CEO... | 仮定をさらに推し進め、現在の事実とは明らかに異なる状況について、より深い推測を促します。 |
この文法構造は、本質的に聞き手に、一時的な、想像上の現実に参加するように求めています。suppose 節内の動詞の時制は、その想像上の現実がどれほど現実的かを示します。現在形は、もっともらしい未来を示唆しますが、過去形(won, were, had)は、想像上、ありそうもない、または過去に反する領域への移行を示します。
### Formation Pattern
supposesupposing はどちらも条件節を導入します。この節内の動詞の時制は重要であり、標準的な英語の条件文の論理に従います。オプションとして that という単語を suppose または supposing の後に置くことができますが、現代ではより自然な流れのために省略されることが一般的です。
基本構造: Suppose/Supposing (+ that) + [条件節], [主節/疑問文]
主節は、提案された条件から生じる結果、帰結、または疑問を概説します。
主なパターンを以下に示します。
1. 現実的または可能性のある未来/現在の条件(一次条件文に類似)
現在形単純(Present Simple) を使用して、もっともらしい、または現実的と考えられる未来の出来事について話します。
| Structure | Suppose/Supposing Clause | Main Clause (結果/疑問文) |
| :-------------------------------- | :------------------------------ | :----------------------------------------- |
| Suppose + Present Simple | Suppose the client agrees to our terms | , we will send the contract immediately. |
| Supposing + Present Simple | Supposing she asks for my opinion | , what should I say? |
  • Suppose the traffic is bad, we can take the subway instead. (もし交通渋滞がひどいなら、代わりに地下鉄に乗ることができます。)
  • Supposing you don't get the promotion, what's your next move? (もし昇進できなかったら、次の一手は何ですか?)
2. 非現実的またはありそうもない現在の/未来の条件(二次条件文に類似)
過去形単純(Past Simple)(仮定法として機能)を使用して、想像上の、ありそうもない、または現在の事実と矛盾する状況について話します。動詞 to be の場合、伝統的にすべての主語(I, he, she, it)に対して were が使用されますが、インフォーマルな会話では was も一般的です。
| Structure | Suppose/Supposing Clause | Main Clause (結果/疑問文) |
| :-------------------------------- | :------------------------------ | :------------------------------------------- |
| Suppose + Past Simple | Suppose you had wings | , where would you fly first? |
| Supposing + Past Simple | Supposing I were you | , I would accept the offer. |
  • Suppose we all worked four-day weeks, how would that change society? (もし私たち全員が週4日勤務したら、社会はどう変わるでしょうか?)
  • Supposing he didn't recognize you, what would you do? (もし彼があなたに気づかなかったら、どうしますか?)
3. 非現実的な過去の条件(三次条件文に類似)
過去完了形(Past Perfect)had + 過去分詞)を使用して、起こらなかった過去の出来事とその想像上の結果について推測します。
| Structure | Suppose/Supposing Clause | Main Clause (結果/疑問文) |
| :-------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------- |
| Suppose + Past Perfect | Suppose she had missed her flight | , she would have missed the entire conference. |
| Supposing + Past Perfect | Supposing you hadn't helped me | , I might never have finished on time. |
  • Suppose we had invested in that company ten years ago, we'd be rich now. (もし10年前にその会社に投資していたら、今頃私たちは裕福だったでしょう。)
  • Supposing they had listened to our warnings, the accident could have been avoided. (もし彼らが私たちの警告に耳を傾けていたら、事故は避けられたかもしれませんでした。)
4. 提案をする場合
一般的な、区別されるパターンとして、suppose と動詞の原形を組み合わせて、共同での提案を行います。この形式は直接的でありながら丁寧です。
  • Suppose we try a different strategy. (別の戦略を試してみませんか?) (意味:別の戦略を試すことを提案します。)
  • Suppose you take a short break? You look tired. (少し休憩しませんか?疲れているように見えます。)
### When To Use It
supposesupposing は、単純な if 文を超えた特定のコミュニケーション目標を達成するために展開すべきです。相手の思考を積極的に導きたい場合に選択してください。
1. 思考実験を開始するため
これは最も古典的な使い方で、知的、創造的、または哲学的な探求に最適です。結論を導き出すためだけに、仮定の前提を設定しています。
  • Suppose time travel were possible, but only to the past. What paradox would be the most dangerous? (もしタイムトラベルが可能だとしたら、ただし過去へのみ。最も危険なパラドックスは何でしょうか?)
  • Supposing AI develops consciousness, what rights should it be granted? (もしAIが意識を発達させたら、どのような権利が与えられるべきでしょうか?)
2. 共同での提案や提言を行うため
プロフェッショナルな、または個人的な状況において、これらのフレーズは命令を提案に和らげます。命令ではなく合意を求めるため、チームワークや交渉に優れています。
  • Suppose we table this discussion until we have the quarterly data. (四半期データが得られるまで、この議論を保留しませんか。)
  • Supposing you call the supplier, and I'll start drafting the report. (あなたがサプライヤーに電話し、私がレポートの草案を作成しましょう。)
3. 懸念を提起し、不測の事態を探るため
これは予防的な問題解決の一形態です。仮定のシナリオを使用して懸念を表明したり、潜在的なネガティブな結果のための計画を促したりします。
  • Suppose the main sponsor pulls out, do we have a backup source of funding? (もし主要スポンサーが撤退したら、代替の資金源はありますか?)
  • This is a great plan, but supposing the network fails during the launch event? What is our offline protocol? (これは素晴らしい計画ですが、もしローンチイベント中にネットワークが故障したらどうなりますか?オフラインでの手順は何ですか?)
4. 修辞疑問(Rhetorical Questions)のため
suppose または supposing を使った修辞疑問は、聞き手に自ら明白な結論に達させることによって、論点を強調したり、結果を強調したり、説得したりするために使用されます。
  • Suppose everyone decided not to pay taxes. How would the government fund hospitals and schools? (もし全員が税金を払わないと決めたらどうなるでしょう。政府はどうやって病院や学校に資金を提供するのでしょう?)
  • You say you don't have time to study. Supposing you had failed the exam, would you have had time for the retake? (勉強する時間がないと言いますが、もし試験に落ちていたら、再試験のための時間はあったでしょうか?)
### Common Mistakes
B2レベルでは、supposesupposing に関する誤りは、通常、動詞のパターンの誤りや、それらの修辞的な機能の誤解に関連しています。これらを避けることで、表現の精度が大幅に向上します。
1. Suppose 節で will または would を使用する
これが最も頻繁な誤りです。助動詞(will, would, can, could)は、主節(結果)に属し、条件節(前提)である suppose 節には属しません。
  • 誤り: Suppose the weather will be bad tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
  • 正解: Suppose the weather is bad tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
  • 誤り: Supposing you would have a superpower, which one would you choose?
  • 正解: Supposing you had a superpower, which one would you choose?
2. 節間の時制の不一致
正しい条件文のパターンに従わないと、文が混乱します。suppose 節の時制が、主節の時制を決定します。
  • 誤り: Suppose I won the lottery, I will quit my job.
  • 正解: Suppose I won the lottery, I would quit my job. (非現実的な現在 past simplewould + 動詞)
  • 誤り: Supposing she had known, she would tell us.
  • 正解: Supposing she had known, she would have told us. (非現実的な過去 past perfectwould have + 過去分詞)
3. 仮定法 were と直説法 was の混同
フォーマルな文章やスピーチでは、仮定法 were が非現実的な条件におけるすべての人物に対して正しい選択です。インフォーマルな場面では was も広く使われますが、were をマスターすることは、より高度な文法制御を示します。
  • インフォーマルだが一般的: Suppose he was the president, what would be his first decree? (もし彼が大統領だったら、最初の大統領令は何になるでしょうか?)
  • フォーマルで正しい: Suppose he were the president, what would be his first decree? (もし彼が大統領だったら、最初の大統領令は何になるでしょうか?)
4. 条件法接続詞と動詞「to suppose」の混同
動詞 to suppose は「~と仮定する」「~だと信じる」という意味です。結果を探る節が続かない限り、それ自体では条件構造を作り出しません。
  • 「仮定する」の意味: I suppose you're ready to leave. (これは信念の表明です。) (君は出発する準備ができていると仮定します。)
  • 「もし~だったら」の意味: Suppose you're ready to leave, should you double-check the reservation? (これは条件を提示しています。) (もし出発する準備ができているなら、予約を再確認すべきですか?)
### Real Conversations
Supposesupposing は現代のコミュニケーションの必需品であり、フォーマルな状況から非常にインフォーマルな状況まで容易に適応します。
1. テキストメッセージやソーシャルメディアで
ここでは、遊び心のある仮定、迅速な提案、魅力的な質問に使用されます。文法はしばしばよりリラックスしています。
  • supposing we ditch this party and go find some real food? (このパーティーを抜け出して、ちゃんとした食事を探しに行かない?)
  • On my flight. Suppose the pilot just announced we're all going to Fiji instead, what's your reaction? 😂 #whatif (飛行機の中。もしパイロットが代わりに皆フィジーに行くことになったと発表したら、君の反応は?😂 #もし~だったら)
2. プロフェッショナルな環境(メール/Slack)で
職場では、外交的にアイデアを提案したり、コミットせずにビジネスシナリオを検討したりするために使用されます。
  • メール: “Team, suppose we shift our Q3 marketing budget towards video content. What would be the expected impact on engagement metrics?” (チームの皆さん、もし第3四半期のマーケティング予算をビデオコンテンツにシフトしたらどうなるでしょう。エンゲージメント指標への期待される影響は何でしょうか?)
  • Slack: “@dev-team Supposing the API rate limit is the bottleneck, could we implement caching to mitigate it?” (@devチーム APIレート制限がボトルネックだと仮定した場合、それを緩和するためにキャッシングを実装できますか?)
3. 学術的および知的な議論で
これらの用語は、議論を形成し、テキストを分析し、構造化された方法で理論的な可能性を探求するために不可欠です。
  • Let's analyze this from another angle. Suppose the author's intent was purely satirical. How does that change our reading of the main character? (別の角度から分析しましょう。もし著者の意図が純粋に風刺的だったとしたら、主人公の解釈がどう変わるでしょうか?)
  • Supposing that the study's data were correct, the conclusion they draw does not logically follow. The flaw is in their interpretation. (もしその研究のデータが正しかったと仮定しても、彼らが導き出す結論は論理的に従っていません。欠陥は彼らの解釈にあります。)
4. 日常会話(居酒屋、カフェなど)で
友人との会話で、未来の計画について推測したり、過去の出来事について「もし~だったら」と話したりするのに使われます。
  • Suppose it rains tomorrow, should we postpone our picnic to Sunday? (もし明日雨が降ったら、ピクニックを日曜に延期すべきかな?)
  • I was so nervous before the interview. Supposing I had said something completely different in that last question, I might have failed. (面接前はとても緊張したよ。もし最後の質問で全く違うことを言っていたら、落ちていたかもしれない。)
### Contrast With Similar Patterns
supposesupposingif と似ていますが、ニュアンスが異なります。また、動詞 suppose (~と考える)とも区別が必要です。
| Feature | if | suppose/supposing (as conjunction) | suppose (as verb) |
| :------------------- | :----------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------- |
| Function | Introduces a neutral condition | Proposes a hypothesis for consideration | Expresses belief or assumption |
| Implication | Open possibility | Invites imagination, active engagement | States an opinion or guess |
| Typical Tense | Present Simple (1st cond.), Past Simple (2nd cond.), Past Perfect (3rd cond.) | Present Simple, Past Simple, Past Perfect (same as if) | Present Simple, Past Simple |
| Example 1 | If you go, I will go. | Suppose you go, what will you do there? | I suppose you will go. |
| Example 2 | If I were rich, I would buy a house. | Suppose you were rich, what would you buy? | I suppose he is rich. |
| Example 3 | If I had known, I would have helped. | Supposing you had known, would you have helped? | I suppose they knew. |
| Suggestion Pattern | Not directly used | Suppose we try this. (Yes) | Not directly used |
if vs. suppose:
  • if は、可能性のある条件を提示するだけです。例えば If I have time, I will call you. は、時間があるかどうかはまだ分からないが、もしあれば電話するという意味です。
  • suppose は、相手にその条件を想像させ、その結果について考えさせます。Suppose you have time, will you call me? は、相手に「もし時間があったら、私に電話してくれる?」と、より積極的に問いかけています。
動詞 suppose vs. 接続詞 suppose:
  • 動詞の suppose は「~だと考える」「~と推測する」という意味で、単なる意見表明です。I suppose it's going to rain. (雨が降るだろうと思います。)
  • 接続詞の suppose は「もし~だったら」という仮定法を導きます。Suppose it rains, what shall we do? (もし雨が降ったら、どうしましょうか?)
### Quick FAQ
Q1: supposingif の代わりに使えますか?
A1: はい、多くの場合使えますが、supposing の方が仮説を提示し、それについて考えるよう促すニュアンスが強くなります。例えば、Supposing it rains tomorrow, we'll stay home.If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay home. とほぼ同じ意味ですが、前者の方が「もし雨が降ったら」という状況をより積極的に想像させる感じです。
Q2: supposesupposing に意味の違いはありますか?
A2: ほとんどの場合、互換性があります。しかし、supposing は時として、よりフォーマルな響きや、より深い思索を促すニュアンスを持つことがあります。また、supposing は、文頭に置かれて「~という仮定で」という意味で使われることが多いです。例えば Supposing that is true, then... (それが真実だと仮定すると、それから…)。
Q3: Suppose we goSuppose we went の違いは何ですか?
A3: 時制が重要です。Suppose we go (現在形) は、現実的または可能性のある未来の提案や仮定を表します。「行きましょうか?」という提案に近いニュアンスです。一方、Suppose we went (過去形) は、現在の状況とは異なる、非現実的またはありそうもない仮定を表します。「もし行ったとしたら(実際は行っていない、または行く可能性が低い)」というニュアンスです。
Q4: 日本語の「~と仮定して」や「もし~だったら」を英語で表現したいとき、常に suppose を使えばいいですか?
A4: いいえ、状況によります。単に条件を示すだけなら if が最も一般的で自然です。supposesupposing は、相手にその仮定について一緒に考えてほしい想像してほしいという意図がある場合に使うと効果的です。また、提案の場面では suppose + 動詞原形が便利です。例えば、「もし時間があったら、手伝ってくれますか?」は、If you have time, can you help me? でも良いですが、Suppose you have time, could you help me? とすると、相手に「もし時間があるという状況を想像して、手伝ってもらえませんか?」と、より丁寧に、そして相手の都合を伺うニュアンスが強くなります。
---
これらの表現を使いこなすことで、あなたの英語はより豊かで、ニュアンスに富んだものになるでしょう。ぜひ、実際の会話や文章で試してみてください!

Tense Usage with Suppose/Supposing

Scenario Type Tense Used Example Structure Meaning
Real Possibility
Present Simple
Suppose + Subject + Present Verb
It might actually happen.
Imaginary/Unlikely
Past Simple
Suppose + Subject + Past Verb
It is unlikely or not true now.
Impossible Past
Past Perfect
Suppose + Subject + Had + Past Participle
It didn't happen, but imagine if it did.

Meanings

Used at the beginning of a sentence to ask someone to imagine a situation and its consequences, often as a suggestion or a challenge.

1

Making Suggestions

A polite or indirect way to propose a plan or an idea.

“Suppose we go to the cinema instead of the park?”

“Supposing we ask for a discount?”

2

Imagining the Unlikely

Exploring hypothetical situations that are not currently true or are improbable.

“Suppose you were the president, what would you change?”

“Supposing you found a million dollars, would you keep it?”

3

Challenging an Argument

Using a hypothesis to point out a potential problem or flaw in someone's logic.

“Supposing they don't agree to our terms, what's our backup plan?”

“Suppose the engine fails mid-flight?”

Reference Table

Reference table for Suppose & Supposing: もしものゲーム
種類 構造 意味
仮定(非現実)
Suppose/Supposing + Past Simple
想像上/ありそうもない出来事
`Suppose you flew?`
仮定(現実的/起こりうる)
Suppose/Supposing + Present Simple
起こりうる未来の出来事
`Supposing she calls?`
提案
Suppose/Supposing + Present Simple
アイデアの提示
`Suppose we go out?`
懸念/心配
Suppose/Supposing + Present Simple
潜在的な不安の表明
`Supposing it fails?`
過去の仮定
Suppose/Supposing + Past Perfect
異なる過去を想像
`Suppose he had known?`
交換可能な使い方
Suppose = Supposing
通常、意味に違いなし
`Suppose/Supposing it rains.`

フォーマル度スペクトル

フォーマル
Supposing we were to reschedule the meeting for Tuesday?

Supposing we were to reschedule the meeting for Tuesday? (Workplace scheduling)

ニュートラル
Suppose we move the meeting to Tuesday?

Suppose we move the meeting to Tuesday? (Workplace scheduling)

カジュアル
Suppose we do Tuesday instead?

Suppose we do Tuesday instead? (Workplace scheduling)

スラング
Suppose we just bail 'til Tuesday?

Suppose we just bail 'til Tuesday? (Workplace scheduling)

Suppose & Supposing: 「もし〜なら」ゲーム

仮定の状況

主な使い方

  • 質問 好奇心を刺激する
  • 提案 アイデアを提示する
  • 懸念 心配を表明する
  • 条件 条件を設定する

構造

  • Suppose/Supposing 導入フレーズ
  • Past Simple 非現実的/ありそうもない場合
  • Present Simple 現実的/起こりうる場合
  • Past Perfect 非現実的な過去の場合

雰囲気

  • 推測的 何が起こるかもしれないか
  • 想像的 ごっこ遊び
  • 柔軟性 フォーマルとインフォーマル両方

Suppose/Supposing vs. If (条件文)

Suppose / Supposing
Suppose you won the lottery? より推測的で、想像を促す
Supposing we leave early. しばしば提案や穏やかな命令
Verb tense follows 'if' rules. 「if」のルールに従う時制
If
If you win the lottery... 中立的で、条件を述べる
If we leave early... 中立的な条件文
Common for all conditional types. 全ての条件文タイプで一般的

Suppose/Supposing で正しい時制を選ぶフローチャート

1

非現実的またはありそうもない状況(現在/未来)を想像していますか?

YES
Suppose/Supposing の後に過去形を使います。(例: Suppose you had...)
NO
次のステップに進みます。
2

現実的または起こりうる未来の可能性について話していますか?

YES
Suppose/Supposing の後に現在形を使います。(例: Supposing it rains...)
NO
次のステップに進みます。
3

過去の非現実的な状況(後悔/事実に反する)を想像していますか?

YES
Suppose/Supposing の後に過去完了形を使います。(例: Suppose he had known...)
NO
おそらく「suppose」を「〜と仮定する」という意味の通常の動詞として使っています。

Suppose & Supposing を使う時

🤔

仮定

  • もし〜ならの質問
  • 想像上のシナリオ
  • 問題解決の議論
🤝

提案

  • 提案をする
  • 代替案を提示する
  • 協力的なアイデア
😟

懸念

  • 心配を表明する
  • 問題を予測する
  • 最悪のシナリオ

条件

  • 条件を設定する
  • 前提条件を定義する
  • 「if」節のように

レベル別の例文

1

Suppose it is cold?

Imagine if it is cold.

2

Suppose we eat now?

What if we eat now?

3

Suppose he is late?

What if he is late?

4

Suppose I help you?

What if I help you?

1

Suppose we buy a pizza?

What if we buy a pizza?

2

Suppose you lose your phone?

What if you lose your phone?

3

Suppose they don't come?

What if they don't come?

4

Suppose I call you later?

What if I call you later?

1

Suppose we went to Italy this summer?

What if we went to Italy this summer?

2

Supposing you had a car, where would you go?

If you had a car, where would you go?

3

Suppose she says no to your offer?

What if she says no to your offer?

4

Suppose we didn't have to work tomorrow?

Imagine if we didn't have to work tomorrow?

1

Suppose you were offered the job, would you take it?

If you were offered the job, would you take it?

2

Supposing the experiment fails, what is the next step?

If the experiment fails, what is the next step?

3

Suppose we hadn't taken that shortcut, we'd be lost now.

If we hadn't taken that shortcut, we'd be lost now.

4

Suppose they were to find out the truth?

What if they were to find out the truth?

1

Supposing, for a moment, that your theory holds water.

Let's assume your theory is correct for a moment.

2

Suppose we should find ourselves in a position of debt?

What if we found ourselves in debt?

3

Supposing he were to decline, the entire project would collapse.

If he were to decline, the project would fail.

4

Suppose you had been born in a different century?

Imagine if you had been born in a different century?

1

Suppose the unthinkable were to occur; are we prepared?

If the worst happened, are we ready?

2

Supposing as much, we must proceed with extreme caution.

Assuming that is true, we must be careful.

3

Suppose he had not the wit to see the trap?

What if he wasn't smart enough to see the trap?

4

Supposing the contrary to be true, the logic still fails.

Even if the opposite were true, the logic is bad.

間違えやすい

Suppose & Supposing: The 'What If' Game Suppose vs. Supposed to

Learners confuse the hypothetical 'Suppose' with the obligation 'be supposed to'. They sound similar but have zero grammatical relation.

Suppose & Supposing: The 'What If' Game Suppose vs. If

Learners use 'Suppose' in the middle of a sentence like 'If'.

Suppose & Supposing: The 'What If' Game Suppose vs. Assuming

Both set up a premise, but 'Assuming' is more certain.

よくある間違い

Suppose I am go?

Suppose I go?

Don't use 'am' with a main verb in this structure.

I am suppose to go.

I am supposed to go.

This is a different rule (obligation). 'Suppose' without 'd' is for imagining.

Suppose it will rain?

Suppose it rains?

Don't use 'will' in the hypothetical clause.

Suppose you happy?

Suppose you are happy?

Every clause needs a verb.

Suppose we to go?

Suppose we go?

Don't use the infinitive 'to go' after the subject.

Supposing he come?

Supposing he comes?

Remember the third-person 's' in the present tense.

Suppose you won?

Suppose you win?

If it's a real possibility, use the present tense.

Suppose you are a bird?

Suppose you were a bird?

Use the past tense for impossible/imaginary things.

Supposing he didn't saw us?

Supposing he didn't see us?

After 'didn't', use the base form of the verb.

Suppose we would go?

Suppose we went?

Don't use 'would' in the 'Suppose' clause.

Suppose he has been there yesterday?

Suppose he had been there yesterday?

Use Past Perfect for past hypotheses.

Supposing him to be right...

Supposing he is right...

In modern English, a full clause is usually preferred over an accusative + infinitive.

Suppose they were find out?

Suppose they were to find out?

Need 'to' in the 'were to' hypothetical structure.

文型パターン

Suppose we ___ (present verb)?

Suppose you ___ (past verb), what would you do?

Supposing it ___ (present verb), will you still go?

Suppose you had ___ (past participle)...

Real World Usage

Texting friends very common

Suppose we just meet at the bar instead?

Business Brainstorming constant

Suppose our competitors lower their prices, how do we react?

Job Interview common

Suppose you had a conflict with a coworker, how would you handle it?

Travel Planning very common

Supposing the ferry is cancelled, is there a bus?

Legal/Contracts occasional

Supposing the tenant fails to pay, the landlord may terminate the lease.

Social Media Debates common

Suppose everyone had a universal basic income, would people still work?

💡

「もし〜なら」と考えてみよう

いつも「もし〜なら」という疑問と結びつけて考えてみてください。そうすると、仮定のシナリオや可能性を導入する機能が頭に入りやすいですよ。「What if we tried a new restaurant?」
⚠️

動詞の時制に注意!

「suppose/supposing」の後の動詞の時制には注意が必要です。ありそうもない、または非現実的な状況を話す場合は、過去形を使います。「Suppose you won」。現実的または起こりうる未来の出来事については、現在形を使います。「Supposing it rains」。
🎯

共同作業のアイデアに活用

大学のプロジェクトやチームミーティングで、みんなでアイデアを出し合う時にとても便利です。提案が「話し合いの余地がある」というニュアンスになるので、より協力的な雰囲気を作れますよ。「Suppose we combine these two ideas?」
🌍

提案を柔らかくする表現

英語圏の文化では、直接的な命令や提案は時にぶっきらぼうに聞こえることがあります。「suppose」や「supposing」を使うと、依頼や提案が柔らかくなり、特に仕事の場面や初対面の人との会話で丁寧な印象を与えられます。「Supposing you could help me with this report?」
💡

交換可能な友達

ほとんどの条件を表す使い方では、「suppose」と「supposing」は交換可能です。どちらを使うかあまり悩まず、その時に一番自然に感じる方を使ってみてくださいね!「Suppose/Supposing it's true, then what?」

Smart Tips

Start your sentence with 'Suppose we...' instead of 'We should...'.

We should try the other restaurant. Suppose we try the other restaurant?

Always jump one tense back. Present becomes Past.

Suppose I am rich? Suppose I were rich?

Check if there is a 'be' verb. If not, it's a hypothesis, not an obligation.

I suppose to go. Suppose I go?

Use 'Supposing' to introduce a potential problem.

If they say no, what then? Supposing they say no, what's our next move?

発音

/səˈpəʊz/

The 'Suppose' Stress

The stress is on the second syllable: su-PPOSE. The first syllable is a weak schwa /sə/.

Suppose it RAINS? (upward arrow)

Rising Intonation

Because these are often questions, the voice usually rises at the end of the clause.

Hypothetical Rise

Suppose you were RICH? ↗

Conveys curiosity and imagination.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Suppose starts the 'What If' show, use the past to let the dreaming grow!

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant question mark made of clouds. Inside the question mark is a small person looking at two different paths. One path is 'Real' (Present Tense) and the other is 'Dream' (Past Tense).

Rhyme

Suppose it's true, what will you do? Supposing it's not, give it a thought!

Story

Imagine you are a detective. You enter a room and say, 'Suppose the thief came through the window?' You use 'Suppose' to build a theory. Then you say, 'Supposing he had a key?' to build another. The word helps you build a world of possibilities.

Word Web

ImagineHypothesizeWhat ifAssumeSuggestSpeculate

チャレンジ

Look at three objects near you. For each, create a 'Suppose' sentence. (e.g., 'Suppose this pen was made of gold?')

文化メモ

British speakers use 'Supposing' slightly more often than Americans in casual speech to introduce a hypothetical.

In academic writing, 'Suppose' is used to set up a premise for a logical proof or thought experiment.

Using 'Suppose' is considered a 'hedging' technique. It makes a suggestion sound less like an order, which is valued in UK and Canadian politeness.

From the Old French 'supposer', which comes from the Latin 'supponere' (sub- 'under' + ponere 'to place').

会話のきっかけ

Suppose you could have dinner with any historical figure, who would it be?

Suppose you were given a one-way ticket to Mars, would you go?

Suppose we all stopped using social media tomorrow, how would the world change?

Suppose you had been born in a different country, how would your life be different?

日記のテーマ

Suppose you woke up tomorrow with a superpower. Describe your first day.
Supposing you were the CEO of a major tech company, what three changes would you implement?
Suppose you had the chance to change one event in history. What would it be and why?
Suppose money didn't exist. How would society function?

よくある間違い

Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解

Test Yourself

文を完成させる正しい形を選びましょう。

Suppose we ____ more time, we could visit another museum.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: had
現在の非現実的または仮定的な状況では、「suppose」の後に動詞の過去形を使います。
文中の間違いを見つけて修正しましょう。 Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Supposing she arrives late, what will you do?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Supposing she arrives late, what will you do?
これは未来の現実的な可能性を示す第一条件文のようなものです。したがって、「supposing」節には現在形「arrives」が正しいです。
以下の英語の文を英語に翻訳し、「supposing」節を完成させましょう。 翻訳

Translate into English: 'Suponiendo que el clima sea bueno, iremos a la playa.' (Supposing the weather...)

Answer starts with: ["S...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["Supposing the weather is good, we will go to the beach."]
起こりうる未来の条件には、「supposing」の後に現在形を使います。

Score: /3

練習問題

8 exercises
Choose the correct tense for a hypothetical (unlikely) situation. 選択問題

Suppose you ___ (meet) a famous actor tomorrow, what would you say?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: met
We use the past tense 'met' for unlikely or imaginary future situations.
Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'suppose'.

I am ___ to be at the meeting by 9 AM.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: supposed
This sentence requires 'be supposed to' for obligation.
Correct the error in the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Suppose it will snow tomorrow, will the school close?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose it snows
We do not use 'will' in the clause following 'Suppose'.
Change the 'If' sentence to a 'Suppose' sentence. Sentence Transformation

If we miss the flight, what happens?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose we miss the flight?
For a real possibility, keep the present tense.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: I'm worried about the presentation. B: ___ the projector breaks, we can just use handouts.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose
'Suppose' introduces the hypothetical problem.
Which sentence is a suggestion? Grammar Sorting

Identify the suggestion.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose we go for a walk?
Using 'we' + present tense is a common way to suggest a plan.
Match the scenario to the correct tense. Match Pairs

Match: 1. Real possibility, 2. Imaginary, 3. Past counterfactual

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-Present, 2-Past, 3-Past Perfect
This is the standard tense backshifting rule for conditionals.
Choose the best option for a past impossible situation. 選択問題

Suppose you ___ (not/take) that job ten years ago?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hadn't taken
Use Past Perfect for things that happened in the past but you are imagining differently.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

12 exercises
正しい形を選びましょう。 穴埋め問題

Suppose you ____ unlimited money, what would be your first purchase?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: had
間違いを見つけて修正しましょう。 Error Correction

Supposing they did not call, should I worry?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Supposing they do not call, should I worry?
正しい文はどれですか? 選択問題

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose he arrived late, we should start without him.
正しい英語の文を入力しましょう。 翻訳

Translate into English: 'Imagina que tuvieras un superpoder, ¿cuál elegirías?' (Suppose you...)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["Suppose you had a superpower, which one would you choose?"]
単語を並べ替えて文を作りましょう。 Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Supposing we don't have the money, what then?
各仮定の状況を正しい動詞の時制と一致させましょう。 Match Pairs

Match the clauses with the correct verb tense for `suppose/supposing`:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched
正しい形を選びましょう。 穴埋め問題

Supposing she ____ the message, she didn't respond.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: received
間違いを見つけて修正しましょう。 Error Correction

Suppose you were going to move, where you will live?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose you were going to move, where would you live?
正しい文はどれですか? 選択問題

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Supposing the exam is cancelled, what will happen?
単語を並べ替えて文を作りましょう。 Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Suppose he missed the bus, what if?
正しい形を選びましょう。 穴埋め問題

Supposing she ____ the job, she'd move to another city.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: got
文の始まりと正しい終わりを一致させましょう。 Match Pairs

Match the sentence halves:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched

Score: /12

よくある質問 (8)

They are almost identical. 'Suppose' is more common as a verb/imperative, while 'Supposing' is a participle. In most sentences, you can swap them without changing the meaning.

It's rare. Usually, 'Suppose' starts the sentence. If you need a word for the middle, use `if` or `provided that`.

Not always, but it usually implies a question. You can say 'Suppose we go.' as a statement, but it's often punctuated as a question: 'Suppose we go?'

No. You use 'would' in the *other* part of the sentence (the result). For example: 'Suppose you won (clause), what *would* you do (result)?'

This is called the 'Hypothetical Past'. It shows that the situation is 'distant' from reality.

It's neutral. It's used in both casual conversation and formal business meetings.

Just make the clause negative: 'Suppose it *doesn't* rain?' or 'Suppose you *hadn't* seen him?'

Yes, you can say 'Suppose that we go...', but in modern English, 'that' is usually omitted.

Scaffolded Practice

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Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Supongamos que / En el caso de que

Spanish requires the subjunctive; English uses the indicative past for hypotheticals.

French high

Supposons que / À supposer que

French almost always requires the subjunctive mood after this phrase.

German moderate

Angenommen / Gesetzt den Fall

German structure often requires a specific word order (Verb second) in the following clause.

Japanese partial

もしも (Moshimo) / 仮に (Karini)

Japanese relies on verb endings (like -tara) rather than just a starting word to show it's a hypothesis.

Arabic moderate

افترض أن (Iftirid anna)

The tense of the following verb in Arabic follows different rules for possibility vs. impossibility.

Chinese moderate

假设 (Jiǎshè) / 要是 (Yàoshi)

Chinese does not have verb tenses, so it relies entirely on context and time markers to show if the situation is real or imaginary.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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