Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'go' followed by an '-ing' verb to talk about hobbies, sports, and activities that involve moving around.
- Use 'go' + gerund for sports without balls like 'go swimming' (not 'go to swim').
- Use it for recreational shopping or errands like 'go window-shopping'.
- The verb 'go' changes tense (went, gone, going), but the gerund stays the same.
Overview
I am going swimming や We went shopping といった表現は、日常会話で頻繁に使われます。この go + gerund は、単なる移動（go）と、その先で行う活動（gerund）を直接結びつける非常に効率的で自然な表現です。日本語では「泳ぎに行く」「買い物に行く」と言いますが、英語でも同様に、その活動自体を目的として移動することを強調します。go to swim とは言わず、go swimming と言います。この違いを理解していないと、不自然な英語になってしまいます。この構造は、趣味、スポーツ、または日常的な用事（errands）を表現する際に不可欠です。特にB1レベルの学習者にとって、このパターンを習得することは、よりこなれた、ネイティブに近い表現力を身につけるための重要なステップです。日本語の「～に行く」という概念をそのまま英語に当てはめるのではなく、英語特有の「活動を名詞化（動名詞化）してgoとつなげる」という論理を学ぶことで、よりスムーズに英語が出てくるようになるでしょう。go + gerund の仕組みは、動詞 go の直後に、活動を表す動名詞（-ing形）を置くというものです。ここで重要なのは、この -ing 形が「〜している」という現在進行形の一部ではなく、その活動そのものを表す「名詞的な役割」を果たしているという点です。日本語の文法で言うと、動詞を名詞化する「こと」や「もの」に近い感覚ですが、英語ではそれを -ing だけで表現します。go fishing を見てみましょう。これは「釣り（という行為）に行く」という意味です。日本語では「釣り」という名詞がありますが、英語では動詞 fish を fishing とすることで、「釣りという活動」という名詞的な概念を作り出し、それを go の目的語的な位置に置いています。go to fish と言わないのは、to が「目的地の方向」や「不定詞の目的」を示すために使われることが多いため、go と fishing を直接結びつけることで「その活動自体が移動の目的である」という一体感を出すためです。go + gerund は、対象となる活動が「継続的で、ある程度の時間がかかるもの」であるというニュアンスを含んでいます。日本語の「行く」という動詞は移動そのものに焦点がありますが、go + gerund は「移動して、その活動に従事する」という一連のプロセス全体を指しています。この論理を理解すれば、なぜ go eating や go reading とは言わないのか（これらは移動を伴う継続的な活動ではないため）という疑問も氷解するはずです。go + gerund の形は非常にシンプルです。go を文脈に合わせて活用させ、その直後に動名詞を置くだけです。間に to や for などの前置詞は一切入りません。これが最も重要なポイントです。go running in the morning. | 習慣的な活動 |is going shopping now. | 今している活動 |went hiking last weekend. | 過去の活動 |will go skiing next winter. | 未来の予定 |have gone camping many times. | 経験 |go の部分は時制に応じて変化しますが、後ろの running, shopping, hiking などの動名詞は常に同じ形を保ちます。日本語の「泳ぎに行く」の「泳ぎ」が変化しないのと同様に、英語の動名詞も独立した名詞的な塊として扱われます。- 1レクリエーション・趣味:
go camping,go birdwatching,go dancingなど。例えば、I want to go dancing this weekend.（今週末はダンスに行きたいな）。 - 2スポーツ:
go swimming,go cycling,go skiingなど。健康のために運動をする時、My friend goes cycling every Sunday.（友達は毎週日曜にサイクリングに行く）のように使います。 - 3買い物や用事:
go shopping,go grocery shoppingなど。I need to go grocery shopping at the convenience store.（コンビニに食料品の買い出しに行かなきゃ）といった表現は、日本での生活でも非常によく使いますね。
- 1
toを挟んでしまう:I go to swimming.と言ってしまう間違いです。日本語の「泳ぎ『に』行く」という助詞「に」をtoと直訳してしまうのが原因です。英語ではgoと活動が直接結びつくことを覚えましょう。 - 2目的語としての活動の誤用:
I go eating a sandwich.と言ってしまう間違いです。これは、go + gerundが「ある場所へ移動して行う活動」という限定的なニュアンスを持つことを忘れているためです。食べることは移動の目的というよりは、行為そのものなので、I am going to eat a sandwich.と言うのが自然です。 - 3
go to + infinitiveとの混同:I go to fish.と言うと、「魚を捕まえるために（どこかへ）行く」という目的のニュアンスが強くなり、趣味としての「釣りに行く」というgo fishingの自然さが失われます。go fishingは一つの「イベント」として捉えるのがコツです。
go + gerund と似た表現との比較表です。go + gerund | 活動そのものに焦点 | Let's go hiking. |go to + place + to + verb | 目的地と目的を明確にする | Let's go to the mountain to hike. |be going to + verb | 未来の予定・意志 | I am going to hike tomorrow. |go + gerund は最もカジュアルで、活動の内容を強調します。一方、go to... to... は、「どこへ行くか」という場所が重要な場合に適しています。使い分けを意識しましょう。go swimming と go to swim はどう違うのですか？go swimming は「泳ぎに行く」という趣味や習慣を表す慣用句です。一方 go to swim は文法的に不自然で、通常は go to the pool to swim のように場所と目的を分けるのが一般的です。go + -ing にできますか？go reading や go sleeping は不自然です。go shopping は買い物に行くことですが、do shopping とは違いますか？do the shopping は「買い物という家事・用事をする」という作業に近いニュアンスです。go shopping はレジャーや外出としての買い物を指すことが多いです。2. Negative Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
do not go
|
don't go
|
I don't go running.
|
|
does not go
|
doesn't go
|
He doesn't go skating.
|
|
did not go
|
didn't go
|
We didn't go bowling.
|
|
have not gone
|
haven't gone
|
They haven't gone skiing.
|
Conjugating 'Go' with a Gerund
| Tense | Subject | Go Form | Gerund (Activity) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
I / You / We / They
|
go
|
swimming
|
|
Present Simple
|
He / She / It
|
goes
|
shopping
|
|
Past Simple
|
All subjects
|
went
|
hiking
|
|
Present Continuous
|
I
|
am going
|
camping
|
|
Present Perfect
|
He / She
|
has gone
|
fishing
|
|
Future (Will)
|
All subjects
|
will go
|
sailing
|
|
Gerund/Infinitive
|
All subjects
|
to go / going
|
dancing
|
Meanings
A specific grammatical structure used to describe recreational activities, sports, or chores that involve movement or being outdoors.
Recreational Sports
Used for physical activities that don't typically involve a team or a ball.
“I go running every morning.”
“They went skiing in the Alps.”
Shopping and Errands
Used for activities related to buying things or performing tasks outside.
“Let's go shopping for shoes.”
“I need to go grocery-shopping.”
Social Outings
Used for leisure activities done with others.
“We went dancing last night.”
“Do you want to go clubbing?”
Sightseeing and Travel
Used when exploring new places or being a tourist.
“We went sightseeing in Rome.”
“They went bird-watching in the forest.”
Reference Table
| 構造 | 意味 | Example | よくある間違い |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Go + Gerund
|
活動のための移動
|
I `go running`.
|
I `go to running`.
|
|
Go + Gerund
|
レクリエーションとしての趣味
|
Let's `go dancing`.
|
Let's `go to dance`.
|
|
Go + Gerund
|
活動的な用事
|
She `went shopping`.
|
She `went to shop`.
|
|
Go + Gerund
|
定期的な趣味
|
He `goes fishing`.
|
He `goes for fishing`.
|
|
Go + Gerund
|
過去の出来事
|
We `went hiking`.
|
We `were hiking` (意味が違う)。
|
|
Go + Gerund
|
将来の計画
|
They'll `go swimming`.
|
They'll `go for a swim` (似ているが違う意味)。
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
We shall engage in some shopping this afternoon. (Daily life)
We are going shopping this afternoon. (Daily life)
Let's go shopping! (Daily life)
Wanna hit the shops? (Daily life)
「Go + 動名詞」の活動
スポーツ
- swimming Swim
- running Run
- skiing Ski
趣味
- fishing Fish
- hiking Hike
- camping Camp
用事
- shopping Shop
- browsing Browse
- grocery shopping Shop for groceries
探検
- sightseeing See sights
- exploring Explore
- birdwatching Watch birds
Go + 動名詞 vs. Go + 不定詞
「Go + 動名詞」を使うかどうかの判断
活動をするために出かけることについて話していますか？
その活動はスポーツ、趣味、または特定の用事ですか？
その活動は継続的な動きやレクリエーションを意味しますか？
「Go + 動名詞」を使う活動
アウトドアの楽しみ
- • Go hiking
- • Go camping
- • Go fishing
- • Go skiing
- • Go sailing
都会での気分転換
- • Go shopping
- • Go dancing
- • Go sightseeing
- • Go browsing
- • Go exploring
スポーツとフィットネス
- • Go running
- • Go swimming
- • Go jogging
- • Go cycling
- • Go bowling
日常のタスク
- • Go grocery shopping
- • Go window shopping
- • Go marketing
レベル別の例文
I go swimming on Saturdays.
I do the activity of swimming every Saturday.
Do you go shopping?
Do you do the activity of buying things?
We go running in the park.
We run for exercise in the park.
They go dancing.
They dance at a club or party.
We went camping in the mountains last week.
We stayed in a tent in the mountains.
She didn't go skiing because it was too warm.
She stayed home instead of skiing.
Are you going hiking tomorrow?
Do you plan to walk in nature tomorrow?
I love to go window-shopping with my friends.
I like looking at shop windows without buying.
Whenever I visit a new city, I always go sightseeing.
I visit famous places as a tourist.
He has gone fishing every weekend since he retired.
He regularly fishes now that he doesn't work.
We should go clubbing to celebrate your birthday!
Let's go to dance clubs for your birthday.
I'm thinking of going skydiving next month.
I am considering the activity of jumping from a plane.
The locals often go mushroom-picking in the autumn.
Local people search for mushrooms in the woods.
I've never gone scuba-diving, but I'd love to try it.
I have no experience with underwater diving.
They decided to go sailing despite the choppy waters.
They went out on a boat even though the sea was rough.
If you go bird-watching, you need to be very quiet.
Quietness is required for observing birds.
We spent the afternoon going gallery-hopping in Chelsea.
We visited many art galleries one after another.
He's gone mountain-climbing in some of the world's most treacherous ranges.
He has climbed very dangerous mountains.
The documentary showed them going ice-fishing in the Arctic.
They were shown fishing through holes in the ice.
I find that going beachcombing is the best way to clear my head.
Searching the beach for items helps me relax.
The protagonist's penchant for going carousing led to his eventual downfall.
His habit of drinking and partying caused his ruin.
They went storm-chasing across the Great Plains for three weeks.
They followed severe weather for research or thrill.
Going antiquing requires a discerning eye and a great deal of patience.
Shopping for antiques is a skilled activity.
The nomadic tribes still go falconing in the remote steppes.
They hunt with falcons in isolated areas.
間違えやすい
Learners often confuse the activity with the place.
Both are used for activities, but the structure is different.
Learners use 'play' or 'do' for -ing activities.
よくある間違い
I go to swimming.
I go swimming.
He go shopping.
He goes shopping.
We went to camping.
We went camping.
I go for shopping.
I go shopping.
I play swimming.
I go swimming.
They go to hiking.
They go hiking.
Do you go to dancing?
Do you go dancing?
I went to sightseeing.
I went sightseeing.
We go to bowling.
We go bowling.
He has gone to fishing.
He has gone fishing.
Let's go to carousing.
Let's go carousing.
I went to antiquing.
I went antiquing.
文型パターン
I usually go ___ on the weekends.
We went ___ last summer in ___.
Have you ever gone ___?
I'm not really into going ___, I prefer ___.
Real World Usage
Just went hiking! The view was amazing. #nature
We should go sightseeing on the first day of our trip.
Wanna go shopping later?
In my spare time, I enjoy going running to stay active.
You went running for 5.2 miles today!
I'm looking for someone who likes to go camping.
「活動」をまず考える
動名詞と一緒に「to」は避ける
go shopping, not go to shopping. The –ing already makes it a noun-like activity.」「Go」以外の動詞も試してみる
come dancing)」や「get (e.g., get going)」も似たように使えますよ。あまり一般的ではないけれど、「get going」は出発するときに使う素晴らしいイディオムです。「Try going exploring and coming visiting!」世界共通の娯楽
go swimming in Bali or go hiking in the Rockies, the grammar is the same!」定期的な活動に使う
go jogging every morning」と言うと、趣味としてのジョギングを強調できて、より自然に聞こえますよ。「I go jogging every morning` sounds much more natural than 'I run every morning'.」Smart Tips
Stop! If the activity ends in -ing, delete the 'to'.
Check for a ball. If there's no ball and it ends in -ing, use 'go'.
Always use 'go sightseeing'. It's much more natural than 'visit sights'.
Add a noun before 'shopping' like 'window-shopping' or 'grocery-shopping'.
発音
The '-ing' Ending
In casual speech, the 'g' at the end of '-ing' is often soft or almost silent (e.g., 'swimmin').
Linking 'Go' and 'Ing'
When 'go' ends in a vowel and the gerund starts with a consonant, there is a smooth transition. If the gerund starts with a vowel (rare), a small 'w' sound might appear.
Emphasis on the Activity
I'm going SHOPping. (Stress on 'shop')
Focuses on what you are doing rather than the fact that you are going.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Remember: 'Go for the -ing!' If it ends in -ing and you have to move, 'Go' is the word to choose.
視覚的連想
Imagine a green 'GO' traffic light. Next to it, a person is running, swimming, and carrying shopping bags. All these moving people have '-ING' written on their shirts.
Rhyme
When you're active and on the wing, use the verb GO with -ING!
Story
Last summer, I decided to be active. I went swimming in the lake, then I went hiking up the mountain. After that, I went shopping for a new tent so I could go camping. It was a very 'Go-ing' summer!
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write down 3 things you 'went' doing last month and 3 things you want to 'go' doing next month.
文化メモ
Going 'window-shopping' is a very common weekend pastime in the US, especially in large malls, even if people don't intend to buy anything.
The term 'go clubbing' is very common among young people in the UK to describe a night out at various dance venues.
Due to the climate, 'go surfing' and 'go swimming' are deeply embedded in the daily lifestyle and identity of many Australians.
The use of 'go' with a gerund dates back to Middle English, where it was often used with the prefix 'a-' (e.g., 'go a-fishing').
会話のきっかけ
What do you usually go doing on the weekends?
Have you ever gone skydiving or bungee jumping?
If you could go sightseeing anywhere in the world, where would you go?
Do you prefer going camping in the woods or staying in a hotel?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
My family often _____ fishing on weekends.
Find and fix the mistake:
They went to shopping at the new mall yesterday.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
練習問題
8 exercisesWhich of these is correct?
Last weekend, we ___ (go) camping in the forest.
Find and fix the mistake:
She loves to go to shopping on Fridays.
hiking / they / did / yesterday / go / ?
Match Go, Play, and Do.
When we were in Paris, we went ___.
I've never ___ skiing before.
Find and fix the mistake:
He is go swimmimg.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesHe _____ skiing every winter in Canada.
Did you go to hiking last weekend?
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella va de compras todos los sábados.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct verb form for 'swimming':
Let's _____ dancing tonight!
He likes to go for surfing every summer.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: '¿Quieres ir a escalar rocas conmigo?'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the activity to the 'go + -ing' phrase:
Score: /12
よくある質問 (8)
It is grammatically possible if 'to swim' is an infinitive of purpose, but it sounds very unnatural. 'Go swimming' is the standard way to describe the activity.
We only use 'go + gerund' for activities that involve movement or leaving the house. Since reading is stationary, we just say 'I like reading'.
'Go shopping' focuses on the activity/hobby. 'Go to the shop' focuses on the destination/place.
It is 'go bowling' because it ends in -ing. We don't use 'play' for bowling.
Yes! You can say 'go grocery-shopping' or 'go clothes-shopping'.
Yes, they are very similar. 'Go running' is the general activity, while 'go for a run' usually refers to one specific instance.
Yes, 'go fishing' is the most common way to describe that hobby.
Yes, you can use the present continuous form of 'go' to talk about future plans.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
ir a + infinitive
English uses the gerund (-ing) while Spanish uses the infinitive.
faire du/de la + noun
French uses 'do' + noun, whereas English uses 'go' + gerund.
verb + gehen
In German, the activity verb is in the infinitive, not a gerund.
verb-stem + ni iku
Japanese requires the purpose particle 'ni', which English does not.
dhahaba li- + masdar
Arabic requires a preposition ('for'), which English avoids in this structure.
qù + verb
Chinese has no gerund form, so it just uses the base verb.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
関連動画
09:10 Gingerbread Basque Cheesecake with Royal Icing Snowflakes | Food Wishes
05:20 Would you eat a ghost pepper for a prize? - Dan Kwartler
English Grammar | GERUNDS in 5 simple steps
Arnel's Everyday English
Gerunds & Infinitives – English Grammar Lessons
Ellii (formerly ESL Library)
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