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B1 noun #3,000 よく出る 6分で読める

مؤهلات

mu'ahhilat
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解説 مؤهلات in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'مؤهلات' (mu'ahhilāt) as a big word for 'school things' or 'job things' you have. Even though it's a long word, you might see it on a simple form or a job poster. It basically means the things that say 'I can do this.' For example, if you have a certificate from a language school, that is one of your 'مؤهلات'. At this stage, just remember it means 'qualifications' and it is usually used when talking about jobs or schools. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, just recognize it when you see it on a website or a CV template. It's like saying 'I have the papers to show I am good at this.' It is a plural word, so it refers to many things together, like your degree and your skills.
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At the A2 level, you should start recognizing 'مؤهلات' in the context of personal introductions and simple work-related discussions. You can use it in basic sentences like 'I have good qualifications' (عندي مؤهلات جيدة). You will notice that it is often used with the word 'academic' (علمية) or 'professional' (مهنية). When you are filling out a basic application in Arabic, look for this word to know where to list your school history. It is a formal word, so using it makes you sound more serious about your studies or your job search. Remember that the root of the word is about being 'fit' for something. So, your 'مؤهلات' are the things that make you a 'fit' for a job. It is a feminine plural word, so if you describe it with an adjective, use the feminine singular form, like 'مؤهلات واسعة' (wide/extensive qualifications).
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At the B1 level, 'مؤهلات' becomes a key vocabulary item for discussing your career path and education in detail. You should be able to distinguish between 'مؤهلات علمية' (academic degrees) and 'خبرة عملية' (practical experience). You will encounter this word in job descriptions (وصف وظيفي) where it lists the 'required qualifications' (المؤهلات المطلوبة). You can now use it in more complex structures, such as 'Despite my qualifications, I didn't get the job' (بالرغم من مؤهلاتي، لم أحصل على الوظيفة). You should also understand that this word covers not just degrees, but also the skills and qualities that make you suitable for a role. It is the standard term used in professional environments across the Arab world, from Dubai to Cairo. It's a bridge between your education and your professional identity.
At the B2 level, you should use 'مؤهلات' with precision and understand its nuances compared to synonyms like 'كفاءات' (competencies) or 'جدارات' (merits). You should be able to discuss the 'labor market' (سوق العمل) and how 'مؤهلات' need to be updated to match modern technology. You will see it in newspaper articles discussing 'the gap between education and qualifications' (الفجوة بين التعليم والمؤهلات). You should also be comfortable using it in the passive sense, such as 'He is qualified for the position' (هو مؤهل للمنصب), and understand how the noun 'مؤهلات' relates to the verb 'أهّل' (to qualify/prepare). At this level, you can use the word to argue for or against a candidate's suitability for a complex role, citing specific 'مؤهلات تقنية' (technical) or 'مؤهلات قيادية' (leadership) qualifications.
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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the socio-economic implications of 'مؤهلات'. You can use the term in academic essays or high-level business reports. You might discuss 'تضخم المؤهلات' (credential inflation) or the 'اعتراف بالمؤهلات' (recognition of qualifications) across international borders. You should be able to use the word in sophisticated rhetorical contexts, such as 'His qualifications are not merely academic; they are forged in the fire of experience.' You will also understand its use in legal and constitutional contexts, such as the 'qualifications for candidacy' (مؤهلات الترشح) for high office. You can navigate the subtle differences between 'مؤهلات' and 'استحقاقات' (entitlements) or 'أهلية' (eligibility/legal capacity). Your usage should reflect an awareness of the word's formal register and its power in professional discourse.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'مؤهلات' involves an effortless command of its etymological roots and its most abstract applications. You can analyze how the concept of 'fitness' (أهلية) embedded in the word reflects broader cultural values of belonging and meritocracy in Arabic-speaking societies. You might use it in philosophical discussions about what 'qualifies' a human being for certain moral or existential responsibilities. You are comfortable with archaic or highly specialized uses of the root A-H-L and can appreciate the word's presence in classical and modern literature. You can critique professional standards and educational systems using the term with the nuance of a native expert, discussing the 'standardization of qualifications' (توحيد المؤهلات) in a globalized context with ease and stylistic flair.
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مؤهلات 30秒で

  • مؤهلات means qualifications, covering degrees, skills, and experiences needed for a job or role.
  • It is a formal plural noun derived from the root A-H-L, meaning to be fit or worthy.
  • Commonly used in professional contexts like CVs, job interviews, and academic admissions.
  • Grammatically, it is a non-human plural and usually takes feminine singular adjectives.

The word مؤهلات (Mu'ahhilāt) is a vital noun in the Arabic language, particularly within the realms of professional development, education, and social standing. At its core, it refers to the set of skills, academic degrees, professional certifications, and personal attributes that render an individual 'fit' or 'worthy' of a specific role or status. The word is the plural form of مؤهل (Mu'ahhil), which literally means 'that which makes one fit.' Rooted in the triliteral root أ-ه-ل (A-H-L), it shares a linguistic lineage with the word أهل (Ahl), meaning family or people. This connection suggests a deep-seated cultural concept: just as being part of a family makes you 'belong' to a home, your مؤهلات make you 'belong' or 'fit' into a professional or social environment.

Academic Context
Refers specifically to degrees like a BA, MA, or PhD (مؤهلات علمية).
Professional Context
Includes years of experience, technical skills, and licenses (مؤهلات مهنية).
Social/Legal Context
Refers to the eligibility or requirements to hold office or enter a contract.

يجب على المتقدم للوظيفة تقديم قائمة بكافة مؤهلاته الأكاديمية والخبرات السابقة لضمان مراجعة طلبه بدقة.

In modern usage, the term has expanded beyond just paper certificates. While in the mid-20th century it almost exclusively meant a university degree, today's globalized economy includes 'soft skills' and 'digital literacy' under this umbrella. When an employer asks about your مؤهلات, they are looking for a holistic picture of your capability. It is not merely about what you studied, but how those studies have 'qualified' you to handle the pressures and technicalities of the job. The term implies a transformation; you were a student, and through study, you became 'qualified' (مؤهَّل).

تعتبر اللغة الإنجليزية من أهم المؤهلات المطلوبة في سوق العمل الدولي حالياً.

Root Analysis
The root A-H-L relates to 'fitness' and 'welcome'. To 'welcome' someone (أهلاً) is to treat them as family/fit.
Morphology
It is a sound feminine plural (جمع مؤنث سالم) ending in 'at'.

هل تمتلك المؤهلات اللازمة لقيادة هذا المشروع الضخم؟

Using مؤهلات correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior and its common collocations. As a plural noun, it is treated as a non-human plural, which in Arabic grammar means it often takes feminine singular adjectives (e.g., مؤهلات ممتازة - excellent qualifications). However, because it refers to abstract concepts or achievements, it is frequently paired with specific descriptors to narrow down its meaning. You will rarely see it alone in a professional document; it is almost always 'qualifications for [something]' or '[type of] qualifications'.

Possessive Forms
مؤهلاتي (my qualifications), مؤهلاتك (your qualifications), مؤهلاته (his qualifications).
Adjective Pairing
مؤهلات عالية (high qualifications), مؤهلات كافية (sufficient qualifications).

تم رفض الطلب لأن مؤهلات المترشح لا تتناسب مع متطلبات الوظيفة الشاغرة.

When writing a CV (سيرة ذاتية), the section heading is usually 'المؤهلات العلمية' (Educational Qualifications) or 'المؤهلات والخبرات' (Qualifications and Experiences). In a sentence, it often acts as the subject of verbs like 'تتفق' (to match), 'تتجاوز' (to exceed), or 'تفتقر' (to lack). For example, 'تفتقر سيرته الذاتية إلى المؤهلات التقنية' (His CV lacks technical qualifications). It is also common in the construction 'بناءً على مؤهلاته' (Based on his qualifications).

يسعى الشباب دائماً لتطوير مؤهلاتهم من خلال الدورات التدريبية المستمرة.

Verb Associations
حصل على مؤهلات (Obtained qualifications), عزز مؤهلاته (Boosted his qualifications).
Prepositional Usage
مؤهلات لـ... (Qualifications for...), مؤهلات في مجال... (Qualifications in the field of...).

The word مؤهلات is a staple of formal Arabic environments. You will encounter it most frequently in news reports concerning the labor market, educational reform, or political appointments. In the corporate world, HR managers use it daily during recruitment processes. If you are watching a news broadcast on Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya about unemployment, the anchor might discuss how 'the youth possess high مؤهلات but cannot find suitable work.' It is a word that carries a certain weight of formality and respect; it implies that the person has worked hard to earn their status.

أعلنت الوزارة عن حاجتها لموظفين ذوي مؤهلات تربوية متخصصة للعمل في المدارس الحكومية.

In academic settings, university registrars use it to describe admission requirements. A student might ask, 'ما هي المؤهلات المطلوبة للالتحاق بكلية الطب؟' (What are the qualifications required to join the Faculty of Medicine?). In legal contexts, it appears in laws regarding the 'eligibility' of candidates for parliament or the presidency, where the law stipulates certain 'مؤهلات سياسية وقانونية'. Even in literature, a character might be described as having 'مؤهلات قيادية' (leadership qualities) to signify their natural charisma and skill.

يتطلب هذا المنصب الدبلوماسي مؤهلات لغوية وثقافية واسعة جداً.

TV/Media
Used in economic segments and talk shows about the job market.
Official Documents
Found in job descriptions, laws, and university catalogs.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing مؤهلات with مهارات (skills). While they are related, مهارات refers to the practical ability to do something (like coding or public speaking), whereas مؤهلات usually implies a formal recognition or a broader set of credentials including degrees. You can have the 'skills' to fix a car without having the 'qualifications' (like a mechanical engineering degree). Another mistake is using the singular 'مؤهل' when referring to a general set of credentials. In Arabic, when talking about a person's background, the plural 'مؤهلات' is almost always preferred.

Confusing with 'Experience'
Don't use 'مؤهلات' to mean 'years of work'. Use 'خبرة' (experience) for that.
Grammar Error
Using masculine plural adjectives. Correct: مؤهلات علمية (Fem. Sing). Incorrect: مؤهلات علميون.

خطأ: لديه مؤهلات كثير في البرمجة. (Wrong gender/number agreement)

Another nuance is the difference between مؤهلات and إنجازات (achievements). Achievements are things you have done (like winning an award), while qualifications are things you *possess* that allow you to do a job. Learners also sometimes struggle with the preposition. It is better to say 'مؤهلات لـ' (qualifications for) rather than 'مؤهلات في' when referring to a specific job title. Lastly, ensure you don't confuse it with 'متطلبات' (requirements). Requirements are what the job *asks for*, while qualifications are what the candidate *has*.

صح: يمتلك الموظف مؤهلات أكاديمية قوية جداً.

To truly master مؤهلات, you must understand its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. The most common similar word is كفاءات (Kafā'āt), which translates to 'competencies' or 'efficiencies'. While مؤهلات focuses on the credentials and fitness, كفاءات focuses on the high level of skill and mastery. A person might have the مؤهلات (degrees) but lack the كفاءة (actual competence) to perform the task effectively. Another related term is شهادات (Shahādāt), meaning 'certificates' or 'degrees'. This is more specific and literal; it refers to the physical documents you receive from an institution.

قدرات (Qudarāt)
Abilities or capacities. More innate or general than formal qualifications.
خبرات (Khibrāt)
Experiences. What you have learned through time and practice.

نحن نبحث عن كفاءات وطنية شابة تمتلك أفضل المؤهلات العالمية.

There is also سمات (Simāt), which means 'traits' or 'characteristics'. This is used when the 'qualifications' are personal rather than professional, such as 'leadership traits' (سمات قيادية). In legal or formal contexts, you might see شروط (Shurūt), meaning 'conditions' or 'requirements'. While a job has شروط, the candidate brings مؤهلات. Understanding these distinctions allows for more precise communication in professional Arabic.

الجمع بين المؤهلات النظرية والخبرات العملية هو مفتاح النجاح.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Sound Feminine Plural rules

Non-human plural adjective agreement

Idafa construction

Passive participle formation (Form II)

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レベル別の例文

1

عندي مؤهلات جيدة.

I have good qualifications.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

2

ما هي مؤهلاتك؟

What are your qualifications?

Question with a possessive suffix.

3

هذه مؤهلاتي العلمية.

These are my academic qualifications.

Demonstrative pronoun with plural noun.

4

أنا أبحث عن مؤهلات.

I am looking for qualifications.

Present tense verb with object.

5

المؤهلات مهمة للعمل.

Qualifications are important for work.

Noun-adjective sentence.

6

هل عندك مؤهل جامعي؟

Do you have a university qualification?

Singular form of the word.

7

مؤهلاتي في الكمبيوتر.

My qualifications are in computer.

Possessive with prepositional phrase.

8

شكراً على مؤهلاتك.

Thank you for your qualifications.

Simple prepositional phrase.

1

يجب أن تمتلك مؤهلات عالية.

You must possess high qualifications.

Modal verb 'must' with adjective agreement.

2

كتبت مؤهلاتي في السيرة الذاتية.

I wrote my qualifications in the CV.

Past tense verb with location.

3

المؤهلات العلمية ضرورية جداً.

Academic qualifications are very necessary.

Feminine singular adjective for non-human plural.

4

هل هذه المؤهلات كافية؟

Are these qualifications sufficient?

Interrogative with adjective.

5

أريد تحسين مؤهلاتي المهنية.

I want to improve my professional qualifications.

Infinitive structure with possessive.

6

المؤهلات تفتح أبواب العمل.

Qualifications open work doors.

Metaphorical usage.

7

ليس لديه أي مؤهلات.

He doesn't have any qualifications.

Negative 'ليس' with 'أي'.

8

نحن نراجع مؤهلات المتقدمين.

We are reviewing the applicants' qualifications.

Idafa (possessive) construction.

1

تتطلب الوظيفة مؤهلات خاصة في الإدارة.

The job requires special qualifications in management.

Verb 'تتطلب' (requires) with specific object.

2

بالرغم من مؤهلاته، لم ينجح في المقابلة.

Despite his qualifications, he didn't succeed in the interview.

Contrastive phrase 'بالرغم من'.

3

تعتبر مؤهلاتك ممتازة لهذا المنصب.

Your qualifications are considered excellent for this position.

Passive verb 'تعتبر' (is considered).

4

عليك إبراز مؤهلاتك التقنية بوضوح.

You should highlight your technical qualifications clearly.

Imperative-like structure with 'عليك'.

5

هل تتناسب مؤهلاتي مع هذا العمل؟

Do my qualifications match this work?

Verb 'تتناسب' (to match/suit).

6

تم قبولها بسبب مؤهلاتها اللغوية.

She was accepted because of her linguistic qualifications.

Causal phrase 'بسبب'.

7

المؤهلات وحدها لا تكفي للنجاح.

Qualifications alone are not enough for success.

Use of 'وحدها' (alone).

8

نسعى لتوظيف ذوي المؤهلات العالية.

We seek to employ those with high qualifications.

Use of 'ذوي' (possessors of).

1

يجب مواءمة المؤهلات التعليمية مع احتياجات السوق.

Educational qualifications must be aligned with market needs.

Masdar 'مواءمة' (alignment).

2

تفتقر المنطقة إلى الكوادر ذات المؤهلات المتخصصة.

The region lacks cadres with specialized qualifications.

Verb 'تفتقر' (to lack) with 'إلى'.

3

تجاوزت مؤهلاته كل التوقعات المطلوبة.

His qualifications exceeded all the required expectations.

Verb 'تجاوزت' (exceeded).

4

يتم تقييم الموظفين بناءً على مؤهلاتهم وأدائهم.

Employees are evaluated based on their qualifications and performance.

Passive voice 'يتم تقييم'.

5

المؤهلات الأكاديمية هي مجرد بداية للطريق المهني.

Academic qualifications are just the beginning of the professional path.

Complex nominal sentence.

6

تعتمد الترقيات في شركتنا على المؤهلات والخبرة.

Promotions in our company depend on qualifications and experience.

Verb 'تعتمد على' (depends on).

7

هل تمتلك المؤهلات القانونية للترشح؟

Do you possess the legal qualifications for candidacy?

Specific legal adjective.

8

نحن بحاجة إلى تحديث مؤهلاتنا باستمرار.

We need to update our qualifications constantly.

Masdar 'تحديث' (updating).

1

أدى تضخم المؤهلات إلى صعوبة الحصول على وظائف مرموقة.

Credential inflation has led to difficulty in obtaining prestigious jobs.

Abstract economic concept.

2

تعتبر هذه الشهادة من أرقى المؤهلات المعترف بها دولياً.

This certificate is considered one of the most prestigious internationally recognized qualifications.

Superlative 'أرقى' with passive participle.

3

لا يمكن إغفال أهمية المؤهلات الشخصية في القيادة.

The importance of personal qualifications in leadership cannot be overlooked.

Formal negation 'لا يمكن إغفال'.

4

تخضع مؤهلات المتقدمين لعملية فحص دقيقة وصارمة.

Applicants' qualifications undergo a thorough and rigorous screening process.

Verb 'تخضع لـ' (to be subject to).

5

هناك تفاوت كبير في المؤهلات بين الخريجين الجدد.

There is a significant disparity in qualifications among new graduates.

Noun 'تفاوت' (disparity).

6

يجب أن تعكس المؤهلات القدرة الحقيقية على الإبداع.

Qualifications must reflect the true ability for creativity.

Subjunctive mood with 'أن'.

7

تعد المؤهلات التقنية حجر الزاوية في هذا القطاع.

Technical qualifications are the cornerstone of this sector.

Idiomatic 'حجر الزاوية'.

8

إن امتلاك المؤهلات اللازمة هو شرط أساسي للنجاح.

Possessing the necessary qualifications is a fundamental condition for success.

Emphatic 'إن' with Masdar.

1

تتجلى عبقرية المرشح في تكامل مؤهلاته النظرية مع رؤيته الاستراتيجية.

The candidate's genius is manifested in the integration of his theoretical qualifications with his strategic vision.

Sophisticated verb 'تتجلى' (manifests).

2

أصبحت المؤهلات التقليدية غير كافية في ظل التحولات الرقمية المتسارعة.

Traditional qualifications have become insufficient in light of rapid digital transformations.

Complex prepositional phrase 'في ظل'.

3

يثير هذا النظام التعليمي تساؤلات حول جدوى المؤهلات الأكاديمية البحتة.

This educational system raises questions about the feasibility of purely academic qualifications.

Abstract noun 'جدوى' (feasibility).

4

إن صقل المؤهلات البشرية هو الاستثمار الأمثل لأي أمة.

Refining human qualifications is the optimal investment for any nation.

Metaphorical use of 'صقل' (polishing/refining).

5

تتجاوز هذه المؤهلات النطاق الضيق للشهادات الورقية لتشمل الخبرة الحياتية.

These qualifications transcend the narrow scope of paper certificates to include life experience.

Verb 'تتجاوز' with abstract objects.

6

يجب إعادة صياغة مفهوم المؤهلات ليتواكب مع متطلبات العصر.

The concept of qualifications must be reformulated to keep pace with the requirements of the age.

Passive Masdar 'إعادة صياغة'.

7

تعتبر المؤهلات الثقافية ركيزة أساسية في بناء الحوار بين الشعوب.

Cultural qualifications are a fundamental pillar in building dialogue between peoples.

Sociological context.

8

تنبثق أهمية المؤهلات من قدرتها على تمكين الفرد في المجتمع.

The importance of qualifications stems from their ability to empower the individual in society.

Verb 'تنبثق من' (stems from).

類義語

قدرات شهادات جدارة إمكانيات

よく使う組み合わせ

مؤهلات علمية
مؤهلات أكاديمية
مؤهلات مهنية
مؤهلات عالية
مؤهلات كافية
مؤهلات مطلوبة
مؤهلات تقنية
مؤهلات قيادية
سوق المؤهلات
تطوير المؤهلات

よく使うフレーズ

حسب مؤهلاته
ذوي المؤهلات
قائمة المؤهلات
مؤهلات وخبرات
تطابق المؤهلات
نقص في المؤهلات
مؤهلات معترف بها
مؤهلات إضافية
مؤهلات تربوية
مؤهلات قانونية

よく混同される語

مؤهلات vs مهارات

Skills (practical) vs Qualifications (formal/credentials).

مؤهلات vs خبرات

Experience (time spent) vs Qualifications (degrees/fitness).

مؤهلات vs إنجازات

Achievements (things done) vs Qualifications (things possessed).

慣用句と表現

"مؤهلات على الورق فقط (Qualifications only on paper)"
"سلاح المؤهلات (The weapon of qualifications - meaning education is power)"
"مؤهلات لا غبار عليها (Flawless qualifications)"
"بحر من المؤهلات (A sea of qualifications - very highly qualified)"
"مؤهلات تفتح الأبواب المغلقة (Qualifications that open closed doors)"
"حجر الزاوية في المؤهلات (The cornerstone of qualifications)"
"مؤهلات من ذهب (Golden qualifications)"
"فجوة المؤهلات (The qualification gap)"
"مؤهلات العصر (Qualifications of the age/modern era)"
"مؤهلات القيادة (Leadership credentials)"

間違えやすい

مؤهلات vs

مؤهلات vs

مؤهلات vs

مؤهلات vs

مؤهلات vs

文型パターン

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使い方

formality

It is much more formal than 'شهادات' (certificates).

plurality

The singular 'مؤهل' is rarely used alone to describe a person's background.

よくある間違い
  • Using masculine plural adjectives with it.
  • Confusing it with 'مهارات' (skills) in formal writing.
  • Pronouncing it without the shadda on the 'h'.
  • Using it to mean 'experience' (years of work).
  • Using the singular 'مؤهل' to describe a set of credentials.

ヒント

Adjective Agreement

Remember that 'مؤهلات' is a non-human plural. Use feminine singular adjectives like 'ممتازة' or 'كافية' to describe it.

CV Writing

Use the heading 'المؤهلات العلمية' for your education section to sound professional.

Broad Meaning

Don't limit 'مؤهلات' to just school. It can include 'مؤهلات شخصية' (personal qualities) like leadership.

The Shadda

Pay attention to the shadda on the 'h' (مؤهّلات). It changes the meaning from 'family' to 'qualified'.

Formal Settings

Use this word in interviews and official emails. It shows a high level of Arabic proficiency.

A-H-L Connection

Connecting it to 'Ahl' (family) helps you remember it's about 'fitting in' or 'belonging' to a role.

Kafa'at vs Mu'ahhilat

Use 'كفاءات' when you want to emphasize high skill level and 'مؤهلات' for formal credentials.

Avoid Singular

Avoid saying 'عندي مؤهل' unless you are talking about one specific degree. Use the plural for your general background.

News Watching

Listen for this word in economic news. It's very common when discussing unemployment or labor laws.

Politeness

Asking about someone's 'مؤهلات' is a polite way to ask about their professional background.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Ahl' (family). Your 'Mu-ahhilat' make you part of the professional 'family' or 'fit' for the job home.

語源

Arabic root A-H-L (أ-ه-ل)

文化的な背景

Qualifications often lead to formal titles like 'Doctor' or 'Engineer' used in daily life.

Degrees are often seen as a matter of family honor.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"ما هي أهم المؤهلات المطلوبة في بلدك؟"

"هل تعتقد أن المؤهلات أهم من الخبرة؟"

"كيف يمكننا تطوير مؤهلاتنا في عصر الذكاء الاصطناعي؟"

"حدثني عن مؤهلاتك العلمية."

"هل هناك مؤهلات معينة تجعل الشخص قائداً ناجحاً؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن المؤهلات التي تأمل في الحصول عليها مستقبلاً.

قارن بين المؤهلات الأكاديمية والمهارات العملية.

صف وظيفة أحلامك والمؤهلات اللازمة لها.

هل واجهت يوماً موقفاً كانت فيه مؤهلاتك غير كافية؟

كيف تغيرت قيمة المؤهلات في السنوات العشر الأخيرة؟

よくある質問

10 問

No, it includes degrees, professional certifications, and even specific skills or traits required for a role.

No, you use 'مؤهل' (mu'ahhal) for a person. 'مؤهلات' is the noun for the qualifications they have.

Qualifications (مؤهلات) are often formal credentials, while skills (مهارات) are practical abilities.

It is mostly used in professional or formal conversations, like job interviews or school talk.

You say 'مؤهلات عالية' (mu'ahhilāt 'āliyah).

It is a feminine plural noun.

The root is A-H-L (أ-ه-ل), which relates to being fit or belonging.

Yes, for example, 'مؤهلات بدنية' (physical qualifications/fitness).

Yes, but 'شهادات' specifically means certificates/diplomas, while 'مؤهلات' is broader.

You say 'مؤهلاتي' (mu'ahhilātī).

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