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B1 verb 9分で読める

يُعفي

yu'fi

練習する例文メモとヒント يُعفي 30秒で

解説 يُعفي in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'Yu'fi' as a way to say 'no need to do.' Imagine a teacher telling a student they don't have to do their homework because they did a great job in class. In simple Arabic, you might say 'Anta mu'fa' (You are exempt). It is a helpful word for basic classroom or home situations where someone is given a break from a chore or a task. You will mostly see it in very short sentences with the word 'min' (from). For example: 'Exempt from the lesson' or 'Exempt from the game.' It is a word that brings a smile because it means less work!

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At the A2 level, you start using 'Yu'fi' in more practical contexts like travel and daily chores. You might hear it at the airport when someone says 'Yu'fi min al-rusum' (Exempt from fees). You should learn the basic present tense conjugation: 'Ana u'fi' (I exempt), 'Huwa yu'fi' (He exempts). You can use it to talk about your daily life, like when your boss lets you go home early or when a doctor says you don't have to exercise. It is important to start pairing it with the preposition 'min' consistently at this stage.

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At the B1 level, 'Yu'fi' becomes an essential part of your professional and social vocabulary. You should be able to understand news headlines about officials being 'relieved' of their duties and understand the difference between Form I (forgiving a mistake) and Form IV (exempting from a duty). You will use it to discuss policies, such as tax exemptions for small businesses or students being exempt from certain university requirements. You should also be comfortable using the verbal noun 'I'fa' (exemption) in formal requests and applications.

At the B2 level, you should master the nuances of 'Yu'fi' in legal and formal writing. You will encounter it in contracts, where it describes 'limitation of liability' or 'exemption from responsibility.' You should be able to use it in the passive voice ('Yū'fā') fluently and understand how it functions in complex sentences with multiple clauses. You will also begin to see its connection to other words in the same family, like 'Mu'afa' (healthy/healed), and understand the cultural weight of 'I'fa' in the context of national military service in various Arab countries.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'Yu'fi' with precision in academic and high-level professional settings. You will analyze its use in classical texts and modern legal codes. You should be able to discuss the philosophical and religious implications of 'Afw' (pardon) versus 'I'fa' (administrative relief). Your usage should include idiomatic expressions and the ability to distinguish it from highly specific synonyms like 'Yubarri'' (acquit) or 'Yuqil' (dismiss). You will also understand its use in diplomatic immunity and international law contexts.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'Yu'fi' and its entire semantic field. You can appreciate the subtle rhetorical choices made by a writer who chooses 'A'fahu min' over 'Aqalahu' to soften the blow of a dismissal. You can navigate the most complex legal documents regarding tax havens and diplomatic protocols where exemptions are central. You understand the historical evolution of the root from 'erasing footprints' to 'modern administrative exemption' and can use this knowledge to interpret nuanced literary works or high-level political speeches.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

يُعفي 30秒で

Yu'fi is a Form IV Arabic verb meaning to exempt or relieve someone from a duty.
It requires the preposition 'min' (from) to specify the obligation being removed.
It is widely used in legal, military, medical, and educational contexts across the Arab world.
The noun form is 'I'fa', often referring to official exemptions like military or tax relief.

The Arabic verb يُعفي (yu'fī), stemming from the root ع-ف-و (ʿ-f-w), is a cornerstone of administrative, legal, and social discourse in the Arabic-speaking world. At its heart, it conveys the act of releasing someone from a burden, an obligation, or a duty that they would otherwise be required to fulfill. In the linguistic evolution of Arabic, the root originally referred to the wind erasing tracks in the sand—a beautiful metaphor for 'wiping away' a debt or a requirement. When you use this verb in Form IV (أعفى/يُعفي), you are describing a formal or informal act of exemption.

Legal Context: In legal terminology, it refers to granting immunity or removing a statutory obligation. For example, a government might exempt a certain class of citizens from taxes.

القانون الجديد يُعفي الشركات الناشئة من الضرائب لمدة ثلاث سنوات.

The new law exempts startups from taxes for three years.

Socially, the word is used when a person in authority—be it a teacher, a parent, or a manager—decides to let someone off the hook. If a student is ill, the teacher might 'exempt' them from an exam. It carries a tone of grace and relief. It is not just about 'skipping' something; it is about the formal recognition that the person is no longer bound by that specific expectation. This nuances it differently from 'forgiving' (which is the Form I version, عفا), as يُعفي focuses specifically on the removal of a task or liability.

Military Usage: In many Arab countries with mandatory conscription, the term 'I'fa' (the noun form) is a highly significant word, referring to the official document that exempts a young man from military service.

هل يمكن للطبيب أن يُعفيني من التدريب الرياضي؟

Furthermore, the word appears frequently in religious and ethical contexts. While 'Afw' (pardon) is a name of God, the verb 'Yu'fi' is used in Hadith and Fiqh (jurisprudence) regarding the removal of hardships. It is a word that balances authority with mercy. Whether it is a customs officer exempting a traveler from fees or a manager exempting an employee from a late shift, the word 'Yu'fi' signals a moment where the rules are bent or lifted for a specific reason, usually health, status, or merit.

Administrative Dismissal: Interestingly, when a high-ranking official is 'relieved' of their duties (a polite way of saying they were fired or reassigned), the press uses the phrase 'A'fahu min mansibihi' (He exempted/relieved him from his position).

تم إعفاء الوزير من مهامه رسمياً اليوم.

Using يُعفي correctly requires understanding its transitive nature and its reliance on the preposition من (min). The sentence structure typically follows: [Subject] + [Verb] + [Object/Person] + [من] + [The Obligation]. This structure is rigid across formal Arabic (MSA). If you forget the 'min', the sentence might sound like you are 'pardoning' the person in a moral sense rather than 'exempting' them from a task.

The Preposition 'Min': The word 'min' functions as the separator between the beneficiary of the exemption and the burden being lifted. Without it, the verb's meaning shifts slightly toward its Form I root of absolute pardon.

المدير يُعفي الموظفين المتميزين من الدوام الإضافي.

The manager exempts outstanding employees from overtime.

When conjugating 'Yu'fi', remember it is a 'Naqis' (defective) verb because it ends in a weak letter (Ya). In the present tense, the 'Ya' remains for 'he' (يُعفي), but changes or drops in other forms. For example, 'I exempt' is أُعفي (u'fī), and 'they exempt' is يُعفون (yu'fūn). Mastery of these conjugations is essential for B1 learners who are moving into professional and legal vocabulary.

Passive Voice Usage: The passive form 'Yū'fā' (يُعفى) is extremely common in news and official announcements where the person doing the exempting is less important than the person receiving it.

يُعفى المسافرون من الرسوم الجمركية للهدايا الشخصية.

Travelers are exempted from customs duties for personal gifts.

Another common pattern is using the Masdar (verbal noun) إعفاء (i'fā'). You will see this on signs in hospitals, airports, and government offices. Phrases like 'طلب إعفاء' (Exemption request) are standard bureaucratic fare. If you are writing a formal letter to a university asking to skip a prerequisite course, you would use this verb to state your case clearly and professionally.

Conditional Sentences: It is often used with 'In' (if) or 'Idha' (when) to describe policies. 'If you score high, we will exempt you.'

إذا حصلت على درجة كاملة، سأعفيك من الاختبار النهائي.

To hear يُعفي in its natural habitat, you need to look at three specific domains: the news, the legal/bureaucratic office, and the educational environment. In the news, particularly on channels like Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, 'Yu'fi' is the standard verb for political reshuffling. When a king or president issues a royal decree to remove a minister, the headline almost always uses this verb. It is considered more dignified than saying 'dismissed' or 'fired,' as it implies 'relieving' the person of their heavy responsibility.

The Airport and Customs: Upon landing in an Arabic-speaking country, you might see signs regarding 'Al-I'fa'at al-Jumrukiyya' (Customs Exemptions). Understanding this word helps you navigate what items you can bring in without paying tax.

هل هناك قانون يُعفي السياح من ضريبة القيمة المضافة؟

Is there a law that exempts tourists from VAT?

In schools and universities, 'Yu'fi' is the word every student hopes to hear. It applies to 'I'fa' min al-Rusum' (Exemption from fees) for those with scholarships, or 'I'fa' min al-Madda' (Exemption from a subject) for those who have already studied it elsewhere. If you are an expat living in the Gulf or the Levant, you will encounter this word when dealing with residency permits (Iqama). Sometimes, children of certain age groups are 'exempted' from specific medical tests or fees.

Medical Certificates: A doctor might write a note to 'relieve' a patient from work. The verb used here is 'Yu'fi' to show the patient is medically unfit to perform duties.

أعطاني الطبيب تقريراً يُعفيني من الصيام لأسباب صحية.

Finally, in religious discussions during Ramadan, scholars often discuss who is 'exempt' from fasting. The verb 'Yu'fi' is used to explain that the elderly, the sick, and travelers are relieved of the obligation. This highlights the word's versatility—from the highest levels of government decree to the most personal aspects of religious practice. Whenever there is a rule and a legitimate reason to not follow it, 'Yu'fi' is the word that bridges the two.

Contractual Clauses: In business contracts, look for clauses that 'exempt' a party from liability in case of 'Force Majeure' (القوة القاهرة).

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning Arabic is confusing the Form IV verb يُعفي (to exempt) with the Form I verb يَعفو (to forgive). While they share the same root, their usage is distinct. يَعفو (ya'fū) is about moral pardon—like God forgiving a sin or a person forgiving an insult. يُعفي (yu'fī) is about administrative or physical relief from a task. Using 'ya'fū' in a tax context would sound like the government is 'forgiving' the tax as if it were a sin, which is semantically awkward.

The Missing Preposition: As mentioned before, forgetting 'min' (من) is a major mistake. In English, we say 'exempt someone,' but in Arabic, you must say 'exempt someone FROM.' Without 'min', the sentence logic collapses.

أعفاني المدير العمل.
أعفاني المدير من العمل.

Correct: The manager exempted me FROM work.

Another common pitfall is the conjugation of the weak ending. Because the verb ends in a 'Ya', learners often struggle with the Jussive (Majzum) case. For example, when saying 'He did not exempt,' you must drop the 'Ya': لم يُعفِ (lam yu'fi). Many students mistakenly keep the 'Ya' (لم يُعفي), which is a grammatical slip. Similarly, in the feminine plural, the 'Ya' remains, which can be confusing compared to other verb types.

Confusing with 'Yasta'ni': Learners often use 'Yasta'ni' (to exclude) when they mean 'Yu'fi'. While related, 'Yu'fi' implies a burden is lifted, whereas 'Yasta'ni' simply means someone is not included in a group or rule.

لا يمكن إعفاء أي شخص من تطبيق القانون.

No one can be exempted from applying the law.

Lastly, be careful with the passive voice. In English, we often say 'He is exempt,' using an adjective. In Arabic, you usually use the passive verb 'Yū'fā' or the passive participle 'Mu'fā' (معفى). Students often try to translate 'is exempt' literally using 'yakun' plus an adjective, which is less natural than simply using the passive verb form.

Arabic is rich with synonyms for 'exempting' or 'relieving,' each with its own flavor. Understanding the nuances between يُعفي and its alternatives will elevate your Arabic from functional to sophisticated. The most common alternative is يستثني (yastathnī), which means 'to exclude.' While 'Yu'fi' focuses on the relief from a burden, 'Yastathni' focuses on the fact that the person is an exception to a general rule. Use 'Yastathni' for lists and 'Yu'fi' for duties.

Yu'fi vs. Yasta'ni: 'Yu'fi' is about the burden (taxes, work); 'Yasta'ni' is about the logic (exclusion from a group).

المدير يستثني السكرتيرة من الاجتماع، لكنه يُعفيها من كتابة التقرير.

The manager excludes the secretary from the meeting, but exempts her from writing the report.

Another close relative is يُقيل (yuqīl), which specifically means to relieve someone of a position or post. While 'Yu'fi' can be used for this in a polite sense, 'Yuqil' is more direct and often implies a dismissal due to a change in leadership or policy. Then there is يُسامح (yusāmiḥ), which is 'to forgive.' Use this only in interpersonal conflicts, never for taxes or military service.

Yu'fi vs. Yusariḥ: 'Yusariḥ' (يُسرّح) means to lay off or discharge (like from the army after service is done), whereas 'Yu'fi' means you don't have to serve at all.

تم تسريح الجنود بعد الحرب، لكن تم إعفاء الوحيد من الخدمة تماماً.

For legal exoneration, you might hear يُبرّئ (yubarri'), meaning 'to acquit' or 'to clear' of charges. While 'Yu'fi' might remove the penalty, 'Yubarri'' removes the guilt itself. Finally, in financial contexts, يُسقط (yusqiṭ) is used for 'dropping' a debt. 'The bank dropped the debt' (أصقط البنك الدين) is more common for money than 'Yu'fi', though 'Yu'fi min al-dayn' is also understood. Choosing the right word depends entirely on whether you are dealing with a task, a rule, a sin, or a debt.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

The common Arabic greeting 'Bil-tawfiq wal-afiyah' (with success and health) uses a word from the same root as 'Yu'fi', because health is seen as being 'exempt' from disease.

発音ガイド

UK /juː.fiː/

US /ju.fi/

Primary stress is on the first syllable 'Yu'.

韻が合う語

يكفي (Yakfi - to suffice) يشفي (Yashfi - to heal) يخفي (Yakhfi - to hide) ينفي (Yanfi - to deny) يوفي (Yufi - to fulfill) صفي (Safi - pure) خفي (Khafi - hidden) ذكي (Dhaki - smart)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'Yaf-ee' (confusing it with Form I).
Pronouncing the 'f' as a 'v' (not present in Arabic).
Shortening the final 'ee' sound too much.
Confusing the 'u' sound with an 'a' sound.
Missing the glottal stop if preceded by 'Alif' in Form IV past tense 'A'fa'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in news and formal documents once the root is known.

ライティング 4/5

Challenging due to the weak ending (Ya) and the mandatory 'min' preposition.

スピーキング 3/5

Common in professional settings; requires correct vowel on the 'Ya'.

リスニング 4/5

Can be confused with 'Ya'fu' (forgive) or 'Yufti' (give fatwa) in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

من (from) عمل (work) قانون (law) مدير (manager) واجب (duty)

次に学ぶ

استثناء (exception) مسؤولية (responsibility) ضريبة (tax) حصانة (immunity) التزام (obligation)

上級

القوة القاهرة (force majeure) براءة ذمة (clearance) حصانة دبلوماسية (diplomatic immunity)

知っておくべき文法

Form IV Verbs (Af'ala)

أعفى (Past), يُعفي (Present), إعفاء (Masdar).

Defective Verbs (Naqis)

The final 'Ya' drops in the Jussive: لم يُعفِ.

Transitive with Prepositions

Requires 'min' to connect to the object of exemption.

Passive Voice Formation

Changing 'Yu'fi' to 'Yū'fā' for 'is exempted'.

Pronominal Suffixes

أعفاني (He exempted me), أعفاك (He exempted you).

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レベル別の例文

الأستاذ يُعفي الطالب من الواجب.

The teacher exempts the student from homework.

Subject (Professor) + Verb (Exempts) + Object (Student) + min (from) + Duty (Homework).

أمي تُعفيني من غسل الأطباق.

My mother exempts me from washing dishes.

Notice the 'ni' suffix on the verb meaning 'me'.

هو يُعفي صديقه من الدفع.

He exempts his friend from paying.

Present tense third person singular.

هل تُعفيني من هذا العمل؟

Will you exempt me from this work?

Question form with 'hal'.

أنا أُعفيك من السؤال.

I exempt you from the question.

First person singular 'u'fi'.

يُعفى الأطفال من التذاكر.

Children are exempted from tickets.

Passive voice 'Yū'fā'.

المعلم يُعفينا من الامتحان.

The teacher exempts us from the exam.

'na' suffix means 'us'.

لا يُعفي القانون أحداً.

The law exempts no one.

Negative 'la' before the verb.

الطبيب يُعفي المريض من الصيام.

The doctor exempts the patient from fasting.

Used in a medical context.

الشركة تُعفي الموظف من السفر.

The company exempts the employee from traveling.

Feminine subject 'Sharika' requires 'tu'fi'.

هل يمكن أن تُعفيني من الرسوم؟

Can you exempt me from the fees?

Using 'yumkin' (can/possible).

المدير يُعفينا من الاجتماع اليوم.

The manager exempts us from the meeting today.

Temporal adverb 'al-yawm'.

أعفاني والدي من تنظيف الحديقة.

My father exempted me from cleaning the garden.

Past tense 'A'fā'.

يُعفى كبار السن من الانتظار.

The elderly are exempted from waiting.

Passive voice with a plural subject.

المطار يُعفي المسافرين من الضريبة.

The airport exempts travelers from tax.

Noun 'dariba' (tax).

سأعفيك من هذه المهمة الصعبة.

I will exempt you from this difficult task.

Future prefix 'sa-'.

القانون يُعفي المستثمرين من الضرائب.

The law exempts investors from taxes.

Plural object 'mustathmirin'.

تم إعفاء الوزير من منصبه بقرار ملكي.

The minister was relieved of his post by royal decree.

Using the verbal noun 'I'fa'.

الجامعة تُعفي المتفوقين من المصاريف.

The university exempts top students from expenses.

Focus on merit-based exemption.

لا يُعفيك جهلك بالقانون من العقوبة.

Your ignorance of the law does not exempt you from punishment.

A famous legal maxim.

حصل أخي على إعفاء من الخدمة العسكرية.

My brother got an exemption from military service.

Common social context in the Arab world.

هل يُعفي هذا التصريح من التفتيش؟

Does this permit exempt from inspection?

Verb followed by 'min' + Masdar.

أعفت الحكومة الفقراء من فواتير الكهرباء.

The government exempted the poor from electricity bills.

Past tense feminine 'A'fat'.

يُعفى الرياضيون من بعض الدروس.

Athletes are exempted from some lessons.

Passive voice plural.

الاتفاقية تُعفي الطرفين من أي مسؤولية قانونية.

The agreement exempts both parties from any legal liability.

Dual object 'al-tarfayn'.

يُعفى الدبلوماسيون من إجراءات التفتيش العادية.

Diplomats are exempted from regular inspection procedures.

Professional/Political context.

المرض المزمن يُعفي صاحبه من ممارسة الرياضة الشاقة.

Chronic illness exempts its sufferer from strenuous exercise.

Abstract subject (illness).

لا يمكن إعفاء أي شركة من معايير السلامة.

No company can be exempted from safety standards.

Modal 'la yumkin'.

أعفت المحكمة المتهم من الغرامة المالية.

The court exempted the defendant from the financial fine.

Legal terminology.

يُعفى المواطنون فوق الستين من رسوم النقل.

Citizens over sixty are exempted from transport fees.

Age-based policy.

هل يُعفيني هذا العذر من التأخير؟

Does this excuse exempt me from being late?

Abstract concept as subject.

تم إعفاء البضائع الوطنية من الرسوم الجمركية.

National goods were exempted from customs duties.

Economic context.

الحصانة البرلمانية تُعفي النائب من الملاحقة القضائية.

Parliamentary immunity exempts the deputy from judicial prosecution.

High-level political term 'Hasana'.

يُعفى المبدعون من القيود التقليدية في الفن.

Creators are exempted from traditional constraints in art.

Metaphorical usage.

الظروف القهرية تُعفي المقاول من غرامة التأخير.

Force majeure circumstances exempt the contractor from delay fines.

Legal/Contractual term 'Zuruf Qahriya'.

أعفى الإسلام المسافر من إتمام الصلاة الرباعية.

Islam exempted the traveler from completing the four-rak'ah prayer.

Religious jurisprudence context.

هل يُعفي النجاح الأكاديمي المرء من التحلي بالأخلاق؟

Does academic success exempt one from having morals?

Philosophical question.

يُعفى الأسرى من بعض الواجبات بموجب القانون الدولي.

Prisoners of war are exempted from certain duties under international law.

Humanitarian law context.

أعفت الدولة المنظمات غير الربحية من الضرائب العقارية.

The state exempted non-profits from real estate taxes.

Administrative law.

تم إعفاء المدير التنفيذي من مهامه لتضارب المصالح.

The CEO was relieved of his duties due to conflict of interest.

Business ethics context.

إن مبدأ السيادة لا يُعفي الدول من الالتزامات البيئية.

The principle of sovereignty does not exempt states from environmental obligations.

International relations discourse.

يُعفى النص الأدبي من معايير المنطق الصارمة.

Literary text is exempted from strict standards of logic.

Literary criticism.

أعفت الفلسفة الوجودية الفرد من التبعية للتقاليد.

Existential philosophy exempted the individual from subservience to tradition.

Philosophical discourse.

لا يُعفى التاريخ من مسؤولية إنصاف المظلومين.

History is not exempted from the responsibility of doing justice to the oppressed.

Historiographical context.

يُعفى العقل من التفكير في الغيبيات التي لا يدركها.

The mind is exempted from thinking about the metaphysical things it cannot perceive.

Theological philosophy.

أعفى القانون الروماني القديم بعض الفئات من الخدمة العامة.

Ancient Roman law exempted certain classes from public service.

Historical legal context.

هل يُعفي التطور التكنولوجي البشر من ممارسة مهاراتهم اليدوية؟

Does technological development exempt humans from practicing their manual skills?

Sociological inquiry.

تم إعفاء المنطقة من الرسوم لتعزيز التنمية الاقتصادية.

The region was exempted from fees to promote economic development.

Macroeconomic policy.

よく使う組み合わせ

يُعفي من الضرائب

يُعفي من الخدمة العسكرية

يُعفي من الرسوم

يُعفي من منصبه

يُعفي من المسؤولية

يُعفي من العقوبة

يُعفي من الدوام

يُعفي من الامتحان

يُعفي من الصيام

يُعفي من الرقابة

よく使うフレーズ

إعفاء ضريبي

— Tax exemption. Used in financial news and law.

تسعى الشركة للحصول على إعفاء ضريبي.

شهادة إعفاء

— Exemption certificate. Usually for military or medical reasons.

قدم شهادة إعفاء للموظف.

إعفاء جمركي

— Customs exemption. Heard at borders and airports.

هل هذا المنتج يخضع للإعفاء الجمركي؟

بقرار إعفاء

— By an exemption decree. Used in government announcements.

صدر قرار إعفاء لجميع الغارمين.

طلب إعفاء

— Exemption request. A common bureaucratic form.

كتبت طلب إعفاء من الرسوم الجامعية.

إعفاء كلي

— Full exemption. Meaning 100% relief from a duty.

حصل المشروع على إعفاء كلي من الضرائب.

إعفاء جزئي

— Partial exemption. Meaning some relief but not all.

هناك إعفاء جزئي للمستوردين.

إعفاء طبي

— Medical exemption. Relieving someone based on health.

لديه إعفاء طبي من حصة الرياضة.

إعفاء من المهام

— Relief from duties. Often a polite way to say dismissal.

تم إعفاء الموظف من مهامه مؤقتاً.

إعفاء مشروط

— Conditional exemption. Relief granted under certain terms.

هذا إعفاء مشروط بتحقيق الأهداف.

よく混同される語

يُعفي vs عفا

Form I, means to forgive a person for a mistake, while Form IV (Yu'fi) means to exempt from a task.

يُعفي vs استثنى

Means to exclude from a group; Yu'fi is specifically about removing a burden.

يُعفي vs أقال

Specifically means to dismiss from a job, whereas Yu'fi is broader.

慣用句と表現

"عفا عليه الزمن"

— Literally 'Time has passed it over/erased it.' Used for things that are obsolete or out of date.

هذه الأفكار عفا عليها الزمن.

Literary/Common

"صفحة جديدة"

— Not using 'Yu'fi' directly but related to the concept of 'pardon' and starting fresh.

لنفتح صفحة جديدة ونعفو عما سلف.

Social

"عفا الله عما سلف"

— May God forgive what is past. Used to settle disputes and move forward.

تصالحنا وقلنا عفا الله عما سلف.

Religious/Social

"براءة ذمة"

— A 'clearance' or 'exemption' from financial liability after finishing a job.

حصلت على براءة ذمة من الشركة.

Professional

"رفع الحرج"

— To remove the hardship or embarrassment. Closely related to the purpose of 'Yu'fi'.

جاء هذا القانون لرفع الحرج عن الفقراء.

Formal

"خارج الحسابات"

— To be out of the calculations/exempted from consideration.

هو خارج الحسابات في هذا المشروع.

Neutral

"سقط عنه الواجب"

— The duty fell away from him. A passive way to express exemption.

سقط عنه واجب الحج لعدم الاستطاعة.

Religious

"أعطاه الضوء الأخضر"

— To give the green light (implicitly exempting them from the usual restrictions).

أعطاه المدير الضوء الأخضر للبدء.

Informal

"في حل من أمره"

— To be free/exempted from an obligation or promise.

أنا في حل من هذا الوعد الآن.

Formal

"غسل يده من"

— To wash one's hands of (exempting oneself from responsibility).

غسل يده من المشروع تماماً.

Informal

間違えやすい

يُعفي vs يُفتي

Similar sound.

Yufti means to give a religious fatwa; Yu'fi means to exempt.

المفتي يُفتي في الدين، والمدير يُعفي من العمل.

يُعفي vs يخفي

Rhymes and similar structure.

Yakhfi means to hide; Yu'fi means to exempt.

هو يُخفي سره، وهو يُعفي صديقه.

يُعفي vs يكفي

Rhymes.

Yakfi means to suffice/be enough.

هذا الطعام يكفي، وهذا القانون يُعفي.

يُعفي vs يوفي

Similar root letters.

Yufi (with Waw) means to fulfill a promise.

هو يوفي بوعده.

يُعفي vs ينفي

Similar structure.

Yanfi means to deny or exile.

الرئيس ينفي الخبر.

文型パターン

Subject + يُعفي + Person + من + Task

الأب يُعفي الولد من التنظيف.

هل يمكن + إعفاء + Person + من + Fee?

هل يمكن إعفائي من الرسوم؟

تم + إعفاء + Person + من + Position

تم إعفاء المدير من منصبه.

القانون + يُعفي + Group + من + Tax

القانون يُعفي الجمعيات من الضرائب.

يُعفى + Passive Subject + من + Duty

يُعفى المسافرون من التفتيش.

بموجب + [Law], يُعفى + [Entity] + من + [Liability]

بموجب العقد، يُعفى المقاول من المسؤولية.

لا يُعفي + [Abstract Noun] + [Object] + من + [Obligation]

لا يُعفي الجهلُ المرءَ من العقاب.

حصل على + إعفاء + [Adjective]

حصل على إعفاء طبي.

語族

名詞

إعفاء Exemption

عفو Pardon/Forgiveness

عافية Health/Well-being

معافاة Healing/Recovery

動詞

عفا To forgive (Form I)

أعفى To exempt (Form IV)

تعافى To recover/heal (Form VI)

形容詞

معفى Exempted

عفوِيّ Spontaneous

معافى Healthy/Healed

使い方

frequency

High in news, medium in daily conversation.

よくある間違い

Using 'ya'fu' for tax exemption. → Using 'yu'fi' for tax exemption.
'Ya'fu' is for moral pardon; 'yu'fi' is for administrative relief.
Saying 'A'fani al-imtihan'. → Saying 'A'fani min al-imtihan'.
The preposition 'min' is required.
Spelling the Masdar as 'A'fa'. → Spelling it as 'I'fa' (إعفاء).
The Masdar of Form IV follows the 'If'al' pattern.
Keeping the 'Ya' in the Jussive: 'Lam yu'fi'. → Dropping the 'Ya': 'Lam yu'f'.
Weak-ending verbs drop the final letter in the Jussive case.
Confusing 'Yu'fi' with 'Yufti'. → Using 'Yu'fi' for exemption.
'Yufti' is for religious rulings; 'Yu'fi' is for exemptions.

ヒント

Preposition Power

Always remember 'min'. Without it, the sentence 'The teacher exempted the student' is incomplete in Arabic.

Root Recognition

Connect it to 'Afiyah' (health). Being healthy is like being 'exempted' from sickness!

Military Matters

Understand that 'I'fa' is a major legal status for men in countries like Egypt or Syria.

Formal Letters

When asking for a favor at university, use 'Arju i'fa'i min...' (I hope for my exemption from...).

The 'Yu' Sound

Keep the 'Yu' short and the 'fi' long. It's a Form IV verb, which always starts with a 'u' sound in the present tense.

News Watching

Watch for this word when a new cabinet is formed in an Arab country. It's the standard word for 'relieved of duty'.

Passive vs Active

Train your ear to hear the difference between 'Yu'fi' (he exempts) and 'Yū'fā' (he is exempted).

The Eraser

Visualize an eraser. 'Yu'fi' is the act of erasing an obligation from your to-do list.

Polite Dismissal

Use it to politely tell someone they don't need to help you: 'U'fika min hadha al-ta'ab' (I exempt you from this trouble).

Liability

In business, look for 'I'fa' min al-mas'uliya' to find where you are not responsible.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Yu'fi' as 'You Free'. When someone exempts you, they make 'You Free' from the task.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant eraser wiping a 'Tax' bill off a table. That eraser is 'Yu'fi'.

Word Web

Tax Military Fees School Doctor Manager Law Pardon

チャレンジ

Try to write three things you wish you were exempted from today using the phrase 'Atamanna an yu'fiyani al-mudir min...' (I wish the manager would exempt me from...).

語源

Derived from the triliteral root ʿ-f-w (عفو), which in its primary sense means 'to erase' or 'to efface.'

元の意味： The original Bedouin usage described the wind erasing footprints (athār) in the sand, leaving the ground clear.

Semitic -> Afroasiatic -> Central Semitic -> Arabic.

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing military 'I'fa' in some countries, as it can be a sensitive political or social topic.

English speakers might use 'excuse' or 'let off,' but 'exempt' is the closest formal match.

Royal decrees in Saudi Arabia often start with 'Yu'fa...' when changing ministers. The Quranic verse 'Wa ya'fu 'an kathir' (And He pardons much). The 'Year of Jubilee' concept in some Middle Eastern legal histories.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

In the Classroom

أعفاني من الواجب
إعفاء من الامتحان
هل يُعفى المتفوقون؟
طلب إعفاء من الحضور

At the Office

إعفاء من الدوام
أعفي من مهامه
إعفاء من التقرير
قرار إعفاء إداري

At the Airport

إعفاء جمركي
يُعفى من الرسوم
هل أنا معفى؟
شهادة إعفاء ضريبي

Legal/Court

إعفاء من المسؤولية
أعفاه القاضي
بند الإعفاء
إعفاء من الغرامة

Medical

إعفاء طبي
يُعفى من الرياضة
تقرير إعفاء
أعفاه الطبيب

会話のきっかけ

"هل سبق وأن أعفاك أستاذك من امتحان نهائي؟"

"ما هي الحالات التي يُعفى فيها المواطن من الضرائب في بلدك؟"

"إذا كنت مديراً، من ستعفي من الدوام في يوم الجمعة؟"

"هل تعتقد أن التكنولوجيا ستعفينا من تعلم اللغات مستقبلاً؟"

"هل حصلت يوماً على إعفاء جمركي عند السفر؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن موقف أعفاك فيه شخص ما من مسؤولية كبيرة وكيف شعرت.

هل تؤيد إعفاء المبدعين من القواعد التقليدية في المجتمع؟ ولماذا؟

صف يوماً مثالياً تُعفى فيه من كل التزاماتك اليومية.

ناقش أهمية الإعفاءات الضريبية في دعم الشركات الصغيرة.

تخيل لو تم إعفاؤك من الجاذبية ليوم واحد، ماذا ستفعل؟

よくある質問

10 問

In a way, yes. In news reports, 'A'fahu min mansibihi' is a polite way to say someone was relieved of their duties or dismissed from their post.

'Yu'fi' is about a burden (like taxes), while 'Yastathni' is about being an exception to a rule or list. You are 'exempted' from work, but 'excluded' from a meeting.

No, you should use the Form I verb 'Afa' or 'Ghafara' for sins. 'Yu'fi' is for tasks and obligations.

Yes, but it often takes a slightly different pronunciation (like 'yi'fi') and is less common than 'samah' (forgive) in casual talk.

The noun is 'I'fa' (إعفاء), which means 'exemption'.

Arabic verbs often require specific prepositions to complete their meaning. 'Min' (from) identifies the source of the burden being removed.

Yes, 'Yū'fā' (يُعفى), meaning 'is exempted.' It is very common in legal texts.

Yes, 'I'fa' tibbi' is a medical exemption from work or physical activity.

The root ʿ-f-w means to erase or wipe away, like wind erasing tracks in the sand.

It is generally B1 because it involves more complex social and legal concepts, though simple uses can be taught earlier.

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