A1 · 初級 チャプター 15

Irregular Verbs in the Present Tense

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このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the most essential Bulgarian verbs that break the rules to fuel your daily conversations.

  • Conjugate high-frequency irregular verbs.
  • Apply these verbs to describe daily actions.
  • Identify patterns in non-standard verb forms.
Unlock the Bulgarian language's most useful irregular verbs.

学べること

Explore common irregular verbs and their unique present tense conjugations. This chapter helps you correctly use frequently encountered verbs.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Conjugate and correctly use the seven most common irregular verbs in simple present tense sentences.

ヒントとコツ (4)

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Preposition check

Always check if you need 'в' or 'на'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Отивам' (To Go)
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Focus on Perspective

Always ask: is the movement towards me? If yes, use 'идвам'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Идвам' (To Come)
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Stress matters

Always remember: singular = first syllable, plural = last syllable.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Давам' (To Give)
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Use 'си'

Always use 'си' when you take something for yourself.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Взимам' (To Take)

重要な語彙 (6)

отивам to go идвам to come давам to give взимам to take виждам to see знам to know

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Review Summary

  • Аз отивам, ти отиваш...
  • Аз идвам, ти идваш...
  • Аз давам, ти даваш...
  • Аз взимам, ти взимаш...
  • Аз виждам, ти виждаш...
  • Аз знам, ти знаеш...
  • Varies by verb

よくある間違い

Students often drop the 'а' in the suffix. Always remember the full stem 'отива-'.

Wrong: Аз отивм
正解: Аз отивам

Confusing 1st and 2nd person conjugations is common. 'Ти' usually takes the 'ш' ending.

Wrong: Ти знам
正解: Ти знаеш

Skipping the vowel in the stem. Keep the 'а' to maintain the correct conjugation pattern.

Wrong: Аз взим
正解: Аз взимам

Next Steps

You've done an incredible job mastering these tricky verbs. Keep practicing, and they will soon become second nature!

Write 5 sentences using each irregular verb.

Continue to: Making Requests: The Imperative Mood

クイック練習 (10)

Conjugate 'виждам' for 'Аз'.

Аз ___ кучето.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: виждам
First person singular ending is -ам.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Виждам' (To See)

Choose the correct stress.

Ние ___ (stress on end).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: дава-МЕ
Plural stress on ending.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Давам' (To Give)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Аз могам да плувам.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Аз мога да плувам
Correct form of 'мога'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Other Common Irregular Verbs

Choose the correct aspect.

Утре ___ такси.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ще взема
Future perfective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Взимам' (To Take)

Fill in the correct form.

Аз ___ кафе всяка сутрин.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: взимам
First person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Взимам' (To Take)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Аз ходя в магазина сега.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Аз отивам в магазина сега.
Use отивам for current action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Отивам' (To Go)

Fill in the correct form.

Аз ___ в магазина.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: отивам
First person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Отивам' (To Go)

Fill in the blank.

Аз ___ студент.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: съм
1st person singular of 'съм'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Other Common Irregular Verbs

Fill in the blank.

Аз ___ български.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: знам
First person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Знам' (To Know)

Which verb is correct for 'watching TV'?

Аз ___ телевизия.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: гледам
Watching is active, so use 'гледам'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Verb 'Виждам' (To See)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Use 'отивам' for a single, specific trip. Use 'ходя' for habits.
Yes, often with a time marker like 'утре'.
No, it is irregular because the stem changes in the plural.
When moving towards the speaker.
Yes, it follows the A-conjugation pattern, but the stress shift makes it tricky.
'Давам' is imperfective (ongoing), 'дам' is perfective (completed).
前のチャプター
The Verb 'To Have' (Имам)
次のチャプター
Making Requests: The Imperative Mood
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