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B2 noun 10分で読める

vurdering

例文 vurdering 30秒で
解説 vurdering in your Level:
At the A1 level, you likely won't use the word 'vurdering' very often, as it is a bit complex. However, you might encounter it in simple contexts related to price or value. Imagine you are at a flea market or looking at a price tag. You might hear someone say 'en god vurdering' to mean a good price or a good deal. At this stage, just try to recognize that the word has something to do with 'value' or 'judging' something. You don't need to produce it yourself yet. Focus on the root word 'værd' which means 'worth.' If you see 'vurdering,' think of it as a formal way of saying 'What is this worth?' or 'What do you think about this?' It is more likely you will use simpler words like 'god' (good), 'dårlig' (bad), or 'pris' (price). If a teacher says 'God vurdering!' they are praising your judgment. In A1, your goal is simply to not be intimidated when you see this long word in a text. It is just a noun that means 'assessment.'
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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'vurdering' in basic sentences about your opinions or simple evaluations. You might say 'Min vurdering af maden er god' (My assessment of the food is good), although 'Jeg synes, maden er god' is more common. You will begin to see this word in news headlines or simple work emails. It is helpful to know that it is a 'common gender' noun (en vurdering). You might use it when talking about a house or a car you want to buy: 'Hvad er din vurdering af bilen?' (What is your assessment of the car?). This is a slightly more 'grown-up' way to ask for an opinion. You should also recognize the plural form 'vurderinger' (assessments). At this level, you are moving beyond just saying 'I like' and starting to use words that describe a more thoughtful process. Learning this word helps you transition into more formal Danish. You might also see it in school contexts, like 'en vurdering af din test' (an assessment of your test).
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By B1, you should be comfortable using 'vurdering' in professional and academic settings. You should understand that it implies a reasoned judgment rather than just a feeling. You can start using common collocations like 'foretage en vurdering' (carry out an assessment) or 'efter min vurdering' (in my assessment). This level is where you distinguish 'vurdering' from 'mening.' If you are writing a short essay for a Danish course, you might include a 'vurdering' section where you evaluate the pros and cons of a topic. You will also encounter compound words like 'risikovurdering' (risk assessment) or 'miljøvurdering' (environmental assessment) in news articles. You should be able to explain *why* you have a certain assessment using 'fordi' (because). For example: 'Min vurdering er positiv, fordi resultaterne er bedre end forventet.' You are now using the word to structure your arguments and show that you have analyzed a situation. This adds a layer of sophistication to your spoken and written Danish.
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At the B2 level, 'vurdering' is a core part of your vocabulary. You use it fluently to discuss complex topics, provide professional feedback, and analyze data. You understand the nuances between 'vurdering,' 'bedømmelse,' and 'skøn.' You can use the word in various grammatical structures, such as 'en objektiv vurdering' or 'at lægge til grund for en vurdering' (to base an assessment on). You are likely to use it in workplace meetings to discuss strategy: 'Vi har brug for en grundig vurdering af markedet.' You also understand the cultural context—that a 'vurdering' in Denmark is often expected to be balanced and evidence-based. You can handle the soft 'd' pronunciation correctly and use the word in its definite and plural forms without hesitation. In writing, you use 'vurdering' to transition between your analysis and your final conclusion, showing a high level of rhetorical control. You might also encounter it in legal or official documents, where you can follow the logic of the 'vurdering' presented by the authorities.
At the C1 level, you use 'vurdering' with precision and stylistic flair. You can distinguish between the subtle differences in meaning depending on the field—legal, medical, financial, or artistic. You use the word in complex idiomatic expressions and understand how it functions in high-level academic discourse. You might use phrases like 'en skønsmæssig vurdering' (a discretionary assessment) or 'en helhedsvurdering' (a holistic assessment). You can critique someone else's assessment using sophisticated vocabulary, identifying flaws in their 'vurderingsgrundlag' (basis for assessment). Your use of the word is no longer just about 'evaluating' but about 'interpreting' and 'synthesizing.' You are comfortable using it in the passive voice or in complex subordinate clauses. In a professional capacity, you might be the one *writing* the 'vurdering' that others rely on. You understand the subtle power dynamics involved in who gets to make the 'vurdering' in a Danish organizational structure. Your pronunciation is near-native, including the correct prosody and emphasis in compound words.
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At the C2 level, 'vurdering' is a tool you wield with total mastery. You understand its philosophical implications and can discuss the nature of 'vurdering' as a concept. You are aware of the word's history and its etymological connections to value and worth in other Germanic languages. You can use it in highly formal, poetic, or technical contexts without any errors. You might use it to discuss the 'æstetiske vurdering' of a piece of art or the 'etiske vurdering' of a new technology. You can navigate the most complex legal texts where 'vurdering' is defined by decades of case law. Your ability to use the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can play with the word's nuances, using it ironically or with specific rhetorical intent. You are also fully aware of the socio-linguistic markers associated with the word, knowing exactly when to use it to assert authority or when to use a softer alternative to encourage collaboration. For you, 'vurdering' is not just a word, but a vital part of the cognitive framework you use to interact with the Danish-speaking world.
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例文

vurdering 30秒で

  • Vurdering means assessment or evaluation in Danish.
  • It is a common gender noun (en vurdering) used in formal and professional contexts.
  • It comes from the verb 'at vurdere,' which means to assess or value.
  • Common phrases include 'efter min vurdering' and 'foretage en vurdering.'
The Danish noun vurdering is a versatile and essential term that primarily translates to "assessment," "evaluation," or "appraisal" in English. At its core, it refers to the cognitive or formal process of determining the quality, value, importance, or nature of something. Whether you are a student receiving feedback on an essay, a homeowner having their property valued, or a doctor diagnosing a patient, you are engaging with a vurdering. In Danish society, which often emphasizes consensus and professional expertise, the word carries a weight of objectivity and deliberation. It is not merely a random guess (which might be a gæt) but a conclusion based on evidence, criteria, or experience.
Professional Context
In the workplace, a vurdering is often a formal document or a specific stage in a project where progress is measured against goals.
Financial Context
When dealing with real estate, an ejendomsvurdering determines how much a house is worth for tax or sale purposes.
Historically, the word is linked to the verb at vurdere, which stems from the root værd (worth). Thus, to make a vurdering is literally to assign 'worth' to something. This etymological link is crucial for learners to remember: assessing is essentially valuing.

Det er min klare vurdering, at vi bør investere i ny teknologi nu.

In everyday conversation, Danes use it to express their professional or considered opinion. If someone asks for your vurdering, they aren't just asking what you 'think' in a casual sense; they are asking for your 'judgment' based on what you know. This distinction makes the word particularly common in news broadcasts, political debates, and academic papers. Furthermore, the word appears frequently in the plural form, vurderinger, when discussing multiple viewpoints or different aspects of a complex situation. For example, a legal case might involve several vurderinger from different experts. Understanding this word is a gateway to B2-level proficiency because it allows you to participate in nuanced discussions about quality and value. It is more formal than mening (opinion) and more comprehensive than måling (measurement). In the Danish educational system, løbende vurdering (continuous assessment) is a standard term used to describe how students are monitored throughout the year rather than just during a final exam. This reflects the cultural value placed on steady progress and holistic development. When you hear a Dane say, "Det er en svær vurdering," they are acknowledging that a situation is complex and that there are many factors to weigh before coming to a conclusion. This phrase is a polite way to signal that one is being careful and thorough rather than impulsive.
Using vurdering correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a common gender noun (n-ord). You will almost always see it preceded by an article (en, den) or a possessive pronoun (min, din, hans). Because it describes a process or a result, it often functions as the subject or the object of a sentence.
With Adjectives
Commonly paired with adjectives like 'kritisk' (critical), 'objektiv' (objective), or 'hurtig' (quick). For example: 'En hurtig vurdering af skaden.'
When you want to say 'in my assessment,' the standard Danish construction is "efter min vurdering" or "ifølge min vurdering." Using the preposition efter here is a classic Danish idiom that learners often miss, opting instead for a literal translation of 'in.'

Efter en samlet vurdering har vi valgt at afvise ansøgningen.

Another important pattern is the use of vurdering af (assessment of). This is the standard way to link the assessment to the object being assessed. 'Vurderingen af huset' (The assessment of the house). Notice how the definite form vurderingen is used when the specific assessment has already been mentioned or is clear from the context. In more complex sentences, you might see it combined with verbs like foretage (to carry out) or give (to give). 'Vi skal foretage en vurdering' is the most professional way to say 'We need to make an assessment.' It sounds much more natural in a business setting than simply saying 'vi skal vurdere.'
Plural Usage
'Der er mange forskellige vurderinger af situationen.' This implies that different people have different assessments.
You should also be aware of the compound words that use vurdering as a suffix. Words like risikovurdering (risk assessment) and selvvurdering (self-assessment) are ubiquitous in Danish professional life. When building these sentences, ensure that the stress remains on the first part of the compound, while -vurdering follows smoothly.

Hvad er din vurdering af de nye regler?

Finally, in academic writing, vurdering is often the final section of a paper where the author synthesizes their findings. It serves as the bridge between analysis and conclusion. Using it in this context requires a high level of precision—you aren't just summarizing; you are providing a reasoned judgment on the significance of the data presented.
You will encounter vurdering in a variety of real-life settings in Denmark. In the news (TV2 News or DR Nyheder), journalists frequently ask experts for their vurdering of political developments, economic shifts, or international conflicts. It is the go-to word for authoritative commentary. For instance, an economist might provide a vurdering of the inflation rate's impact on the housing market. If you are watching a Danish crime drama (like 'Broen' or 'Forbrydelsen'), you might hear a detective ask for a forensic vurdering of a crime scene.
In the Workplace
During annual performance reviews, known as MUS-samtaler (medarbejderudviklingssamtaler), your boss will give a vurdering of your performance over the past year.
In the public sector, the word is part of the bureaucracy. If you apply for a permit or a grant, the municipality (kommunen) will conduct an administrativ vurdering. This is a formal review process that follows specific legal guidelines.

Banken foretog en grundig vurdering af min økonomi, før de godkendte lånet.

You will also hear it in social settings when discussing things like movies, books, or restaurants. While mening is common, using vurdering suggests you are looking at it from a more critical or analytical perspective. 'Min vurdering af filmen er, at skuespillet var godt, men plottet var svagt.' This sounds like a mini-review. In the medical field, a lægelig vurdering is the professional opinion of a doctor regarding a patient's health or treatment plan. If you go to the emergency room, the first thing they do is a triage-vurdering to determine how urgent your case is.
In Education
Teachers use formativ vurdering to help students improve during the learning process, distinct from the final grade.
Lastly, in the legal system, a judge's retslige vurdering is the application of the law to the facts of a case. This is perhaps the most formal use of the word. Across all these contexts, the common thread is the movement from raw information to a considered conclusion. When you hear the word, you should immediately think: 'Someone has analyzed this and reached a decision.'
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with vurdering is confusing it with the word mening. While both can translate to 'opinion,' mening is subjective and personal (e.g., 'In my opinion, blue is the best color'), whereas vurdering is based on criteria or analysis (e.g., 'In my assessment, this strategy will fail'). Using mening in a professional report when you mean vurdering can make your findings sound less credible and too emotional.
Preposition Errors
Learners often say 'i min vurdering' (in my assessment). While understandable, the correct Danish idiom is 'efter min vurdering' or 'ifølge min vurdering'.
Another common error involves the distinction between vurdering and bedømmelse. While they are often synonyms, bedømmelse is more frequently used for grading or judging in a competition or exam. Vurdering is broader and can apply to value, risk, or situation analysis. Using bedømmelse for a house appraisal would sound slightly odd; you should use vurdering.

Fejl: Jeg har en god mening om hans arbejde. (Korrekt: Jeg har en positiv vurdering af hans arbejde.)

Pronunciation can also be a hurdle. The 'd' in vurdering is a 'soft d' (blødt d), which is a sound that doesn't exist in English. It's similar to the 'th' in 'the' but with the tongue placed differently. Many learners pronounce it as a hard 'd' like in 'dog,' which can make the word sound clunky. Spelling is another area of concern. Because of the way it is pronounced, some learners forget the 'r' after the 'u' or the 'e' before the 'r.' Remember: V-U-R-D-E-R-I-N-G.
Confusion with Verbs
Sometimes learners use the noun when they need the verb 'vurdere.' For example, 'Jeg skal vurdering dette' instead of 'Jeg skal vurdere dette.'
Finally, be careful with the plural. The plural is vurderinger, not vurderingere. Adding an extra 'e' is a common mistake when learners try to apply pluralization rules too broadly. Always check if the word ends in -ing, as these nouns usually follow the -er plural pattern. By avoiding these pitfalls, you will sound much more like a native speaker and convey your professional assessments with the appropriate level of authority.
To truly master vurdering, you need to know its 'neighbors'—words that share similar meanings but have different nuances. This helps you choose the exact right word for the situation.
Bedømmelse
Often used for grading, judging a performance, or a formal verdict. It implies a more definitive 'pass/fail' or 'good/bad' outcome than vurdering.
Evaluering
Very similar to the English 'evaluation.' It is commonly used in organizational contexts to look back at a project's success. It is often more systematic and data-driven.
If you are talking about an estimate, especially regarding numbers or time, estimat or skøn are better choices. Et skøn is often a 'rough estimate' or a 'discretionary judgment' where exact data might be missing. For example, 'Et forsigtigt skøn over omkostningerne' (A cautious estimate of the costs).

Hvad er dit skøn? (What is your estimate/guess based on experience?)

In a more academic or scientific setting, you might use analyse (analysis). While a vurdering is the conclusion you reach, the analyse is the detailed breakdown of the components that lead to that conclusion. You perform an analyse to make a vurdering. For a more casual setting, mening or holdning (attitude/stance) are appropriate. If you are discussing your personal feelings about a political issue, use holdning. If you are discussing whether a movie was fun, use mening.
Anmeldelse
This specifically means a 'review,' like a book review or a restaurant review in a newspaper.
Udtalelse
A 'statement' or 'testimonial.' Often used for a reference letter from a former employer (en udtalelse).
Understanding these distinctions allows you to navigate Danish professional and social life with much more precision. Instead of relying on one generic word, you can tailor your language to the specific type of 'judgment' you are making. This is the hallmark of a B2/C1 learner.

発音ガイド

UK /vuɐ̯ˈdeːɐ̯eŋ/
US /vʊrˈdeɪrɪŋ/
The primary stress is on the second syllable: vur-DER-ing.
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing the 'd' as a hard 'd' (like in 'dog').
  • Pronouncing the 'r' as an English
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レベル別の例文

1

Det er en god vurdering.

That is a good assessment.

Simple subject + verb + noun phrase.

2

Hvad er din vurdering?

What is your assessment?

Question with possessive pronoun 'din'.

3

En hurtig vurdering.

A quick assessment.

Noun phrase with an adjective.

4

Prisen er en vurdering.

The price is an assessment.

The noun 'vurdering' used as a complement.

5

Tak for din vurdering.

Thanks for your assessment.

Common polite phrase.

6

Er det din vurdering?

Is that your assessment?

Interrogative sentence structure.

7

Her er min vurdering.

Here is my assessment.

Adverb 'her' starting the sentence.

8

Det er en svær vurdering.

It is a difficult assessment.

Adjective 'svær' modifying the noun.

1

Lægen lavede en vurdering af min fod.

The doctor made an assessment of my foot.

Use of 'af' to indicate the object of assessment.

2

Vi venter på bankens vurdering.

We are waiting for the bank's assessment.

Genitive case with 'bankens'.

3

Huset har fået en ny vurdering.

The house has received a new appraisal.

Present perfect tense.

4

Jeg er enig i din vurdering.

I agree with your assessment.

Prepositional phrase 'enig i'.

5

Vurderingen var meget positiv.

The assessment was very positive.

Definite form 'vurderingen'.

6

De laver mange vurderinger hver dag.

They make many assessments every day.

Plural form 'vurderinger'.

7

Hvad er vurderingen af projektet?

What is the assessment of the project?

Definite noun followed by 'af'.

8

Min vurdering er, at det er for dyrt.

My assessment is that it is too expensive.

Clause starting with 'at'.

1

Efter en samlet vurdering valgte vi ham.

After an overall assessment, we chose him.

Preposition 'efter' used for 'based on' or 'following'.

2

Vi skal foretage en kritisk vurdering af kilden.

We must carry out a critical assessment of the source.

Formal verb 'foretage'.

3

Der er foretaget en risikovurdering af området.

A risk assessment of the area has been carried out.

Compound word 'risikovurdering'.

4

Hendes vurdering af situationen er korrekt.

Her assessment of the situation is correct.

Possessive pronoun 'hendes'.

5

Vi mangler en faglig vurdering af skaden.

We lack a professional assessment of the damage.

Adjective 'faglig' (professional/expert).

6

Vurderingerne varierer meget fra person til person.

The assessments vary greatly from person to person.

Definite plural 'vurderingerne'.

7

Det er en foreløbig vurdering af resultaterne.

It is a preliminary assessment of the results.

Adjective 'foreløbig'.

8

Ifølge min vurdering er planen realistisk.

According to my assessment, the plan is realistic.

Preposition 'ifølge'.

1

En objektiv vurdering kræver neutralitet.

An objective assessment requires neutrality.

Abstract noun as subject.

2

Vi baserer vores beslutning på en juridisk vurdering.

We base our decision on a legal assessment.

Verb 'basere på'.

3

Vurderingen af ejendommen var højere end forventet.

The appraisal of the property was higher than expected.

Comparison 'højere end'.

4

Der er behov for en løbende vurdering af indsatsen.

There is a need for an ongoing assessment of the effort.

Compound 'løbende' (ongoing/continuous).

5

Kommunen har foretaget en miljømæssig vurdering.

The municipality has carried out an environmental assessment.

Adjective 'miljømæssig'.

6

Uden en ordentlig vurdering kan vi ikke fortsætte.

Without a proper assessment, we cannot continue.

Prepositional phrase 'uden en'.

7

Han gav en nuanceret vurdering af konflikten.

He gave a nuanced assessment of the conflict.

Adjective 'nuanceret'.

8

Vurderingen skal afspejle de faktiske forhold.

The assessment must reflect the actual conditions.

Modal verb 'skal' + infinitive.

1

En skønsmæssig vurdering er ofte nødvendig i komplekse sager.

A discretionary assessment is often necessary in complex cases.

Technical term 'skønsmæssig'.

2

Det er vigtigt at have et solidt vurderingsgrundlag.

It is important to have a solid basis for assessment.

Compound 'vurderingsgrundlag'.

3

Vurderingen er behæftet med en vis usikkerhed.

The assessment is subject to a certain degree of uncertainty.

Formal expression 'behæftet med'.

4

Vi må foretage en helhedsvurdering af ansøgerens kompetencer.

We must make a holistic assessment of the applicant's competencies.

Compound 'helhedsvurdering'.

5

En sagkyndig vurdering er påkrævet i denne sammenhæng.

An expert assessment is required in this context.

Adjective 'sagkyndig' (expert/competent).

6

Vurderingen tager højde for alle relevante faktorer.

The assessment takes all relevant factors into account.

Idiom 'tage højde for'.

7

Der er rejst kritik af den foretagne vurdering.

Criticism has been raised against the assessment carried out.

Passive construction 'er rejst'.

8

Denne vurdering danner grundlag for den videre proces.

This assessment forms the basis for the further process.

Verb phrase 'danner grundlag for'.

1

Vurderingen af de ontologiske implikationer er uundgåelig.

The assessment of the ontological implications is unavoidable.

Highly academic vocabulary.

2

En stringent vurdering af metoden er afgørende for validiteten.

A stringent assessment of the method is crucial for validity.

Adjective 'stringent'.

3

Man må udvise agtpågivenhed i sin vurdering af beviserne.

One must exercise caution in one's assessment of the evidence.

Formal word 'agtpågivenhed'.

4

Vurderingen afspejler en dybdegående forståelse af diskursen.

The assessment reflects a profound understanding of the discourse.

Compound 'dybdegående'.

5

Der foreligger en udtømmende vurdering af de økonomiske konsekvenser.

An exhaustive assessment of the economic consequences is available.

Formal verb 'foreligger'.

6

Vurderingen er funderet i en omfattende empirisk undersøgelse.

The assessment is grounded in an extensive empirical study.

Passive 'er funderet'.

7

En kritisk vurdering af de underliggende antagelser er påkrævet.

A critical assessment of the underlying assumptions is required.

Adjective 'underliggende'.

8

Vurderingen må nødvendigvis bero på et kvalificeret skøn.

The assessment must necessarily rest on a qualified estimate.

Verb 'bero på'.

よく使う組み合わせ

Foretage en vurdering
Kritisk vurdering
Samlet vurdering
Løbende vurdering
Faglig vurdering
Ejendomsvurdering
Risikovurdering
Vurdering af
Efter min vurdering
Grundlag for vurdering

よく使うフレーズ

Det er en svær vurdering

— Used when a decision or judgment is hard to make.

Det er en svær vurdering, om vi skal sælge nu eller vente.

Min klare vurdering er...

— A way to express a strong and certain professional opinion.

Min klare vurdering er, at vi bør stoppe projektet.

En hurtig vurdering

— A brief or initial look at something.

Ved en hurtig vurdering ser alt fint ud.

En objektiv vurdering

— An assessment based on facts, not feelings.

Vi har brug for en helt objektiv vurdering udefra.

En foreløbig vurdering

— A preliminary or draft assessment.

Dette er kun en foreløbig vurdering af skaden.

Være genstand for vurdering

— To be the object of an assessment.

Ansøgningen er i øjeblikket genstand for vurdering.

Lægge vægt på en vurdering

— To place importance on a specific assessment.

Vi lægger stor vægt på lægens vurdering.

En sagkyndig vurdering

— An expert assessment.

Retten bad om en sagkyndig vurdering af beviserne.

En realistisk vurdering

— An assessment that takes practical limits into account.

Lad os prøve at lave en realistisk vurdering af tiden.

En individuel vurdering

— An assessment made on a case-by-case basis.

Hver sag kræver en individuel vurdering.

慣用句と表現

"At skyde ved siden af i sin vurdering"

— To be completely wrong in one's assessment.

Han skød helt ved siden af i sin vurdering af markedet.

Informal
"At ramme plet i sin vurdering"

— To be perfectly accurate in one's assessment.

Hun ramte plet i sin vurdering af vinderen.

Informal
"At tage noget med i sin vurdering"

— To consider something when making an assessment.

Vi skal huske at tage vejret med i vores vurdering.

Neutral
"At lægge til grund for sin vurdering"

— To base one's assessment on specific information.

Hvad har du lagt til grund for din vurdering?

Formal
"En vurdering af kød og blod"

— A human assessment (as opposed to an automated one).

Det kræver en vurdering af kød og blod at forstå nuancerne.

Literary
"At hvile på en forkert vurdering"

— To be based on an incorrect assessment.

Hele strategien hviler på en forkert vurdering.

Formal
"At lade sin vurdering farve af noget"

— To let one's assessment be biased by something.

Pas på ikke at lade din vurdering farve af personlige følelser.

Neutral
"At stå ved sin vurdering"

— To stick to one's assessment despite pressure.

Eksperten stod ved sin vurdering, selvom han blev kritiseret.

Neutral
"At revidere sin vurdering"

— To change or update one's assessment based on new info.

Vi er nødt til at revidere vores vurdering af situationen.

Formal
"En vurdering ud i den blå luft"

— An assessment made without any basis in reality.

Det er jo bare en vurdering ud i den blå luft.

Informal
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