このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

ホーム
学習
Greek
語彙
ευπάθεια

B2 noun 9分で読める

ευπάθεια

the quality of being vulnerable

At the A1 level, 'ευπάθεια' is a very advanced word that you likely won't need for daily basics like ordering coffee or introducing yourself. However, you might encounter its root 'πάθος' or hear the word in the news. Think of it simply as a very formal way to say 'being weak' or 'getting sick easily.' At this stage, just recognize that it is a noun related to health. If a doctor says this word, they are talking about your health being a bit fragile. You don't need to produce this word yet, but knowing that 'ευ-' means 'good/easy' and 'πάθεια' relates to 'feeling/suffering' can help you decode it if you see it on a medical form or a sign in a hospital. Focus on simpler words like 'άρρωστος' (sick) or 'αδύναμος' (weak) for now.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

By A2, you are starting to understand more complex Greek society. You might hear the phrase 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' on the news when they talk about the weather or health. At this level, you should know that 'ευπάθεια' means 'vulnerability.' It is a noun. You might see it in simple sentences like 'Η ευπάθεια είναι πρόβλημα' (Vulnerability is a problem). You are learning that Greek words are often made of parts. 'Ευ-' is a common prefix (like in 'ευχαριστώ'). 'Πάθεια' comes from 'πάσχω' (I suffer). So, 'ευπάθεια' is 'suffering easily.' This level is about recognizing the word in context, especially in public health announcements about the flu or heatwaves.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B1 level, you are moving into intermediate territory where you can discuss social issues. You should be able to use 'ευπάθεια' in a sentence, especially when talking about health or the environment. You understand that it is a feminine noun (η ευπάθεια). You can start to distinguish it from 'αδυναμία' (simple weakness). For example, you might say 'Λόγω της ευπάθειάς του, δεν βγαίνει έξω' (Due to his vulnerability, he doesn't go out). You are also becoming aware of the adjective 'ευπαθής' (vulnerable). You should be able to follow a basic news report that uses this word to describe the state of the economy or a group of people in need.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At B2, 'ευπάθεια' is a word you should use actively. This is the level where you discuss abstract concepts and technical details. You should know how to use the word in different domains: medical (susceptibility to disease), social (vulnerable social groups), and technical (software vulnerabilities). You should be comfortable with the genitive construction: 'η ευπάθεια του συστήματος' (the vulnerability of the system). You also start to see the difference between 'ευπάθεια' and 'τρωτότητα.' You can write an essay about social problems and use 'ευπάθεια' to describe the risks faced by certain populations. Your grammar should be correct when using the plural 'ευπάθειες' and the related adjective 'ευπαθής'.

At the C1 level, you use 'ευπάθεια' with precision and stylistic variety. You understand the subtle connotations it carries—inherent fragility, systemic risk, and susceptibility to external influence. You can use it in academic writing or professional reports. You might discuss the 'ευπάθεια των θεσμών' (vulnerability of institutions) or 'ψυχολογική ευπάθεια' (psychological vulnerability) in a nuanced way. You are familiar with collocations like 'γενετική ευπάθεια' or 'περιβαλλοντική ευπάθεια.' You can also identify it in literature or high-level journalism where it might be used metaphorically. You understand that it implies a state that requires protection or intervention.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'ευπάθεια.' You can debate its philosophical implications and its use in various specialized fields like cybersecurity, epidemiology, and structural engineering. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its relationship to ancient Greek roots. You can use it to articulate complex ideas about the human condition or systemic failure. You are aware of how the word is used in policy-making to define legal categories. You can switch between 'ευπάθεια,' 'τρωτότητα,' 'ευθραυστότητα,' and 'ευαισθησία' to convey exact shades of meaning. Your usage is flawless, and you can even spot when the word is being used as 'jargon' in political speech to avoid more direct terms.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

ευπάθεια 30秒で

Ευπάθεια means vulnerability or susceptibility, often in a medical or technical sense.
It is a formal, feminine noun (η ευπάθεια) used in news and academic contexts.
Commonly seen in the phrase 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' referring to people at higher risk.
In IT, it specifically refers to security flaws or bugs in software and hardware.

The Greek noun ευπάθεια (eupátheia) is a sophisticated term that translates most directly to 'vulnerability,' 'susceptibility,' or 'fragility.' While in English 'vulnerability' can cover a wide range of emotional and physical states, the Greek word ευπάθεια carries a specific nuance of being 'easily affected' or 'prone to suffering.' It is built from the prefix ευ- (meaning easily or well) and the root πάθος (meaning suffering, feeling, or disease). Therefore, etymologically, it describes a state where one is 'easily susceptible to a condition or influence.'

Medical Context: In modern Greece, you will most frequently encounter this word in medical or public health discussions. It refers to a person's predisposition to certain illnesses or a weakened immune state. During the global pandemic, the phrase 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' (vulnerable groups) became a staple of daily news, referring to the elderly or those with underlying health conditions.

Beyond medicine, the term extends to psychological and social realms. It can describe a person's emotional sensitivity—their tendency to be easily hurt or influenced by the environment. However, it is rarely used for 'brave' vulnerability (the kind Brené Brown discusses); for that, Greeks might use τρωτότητα. Ευπάθεια implies a certain level of inherent weakness or a structural lack of defense.

Η ευπάθεια του ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος απαιτεί ιδιαίτερη προσοχή κατά τους χειμερινούς μήνες.

Technical Application: In the world of information technology and engineering, ευπάθεια refers to a 'vulnerability' in a system or software. It is the 'bug' or the 'hole' that allows for an exploit. If a programmer speaks of a 'security ευπάθεια,' they are talking about a flaw that makes the system susceptible to attacks.

The word is almost exclusively used in formal registers. You wouldn't use it in a casual chat about feeling tired, but you would use it when discussing social policy, medical history, or the structural integrity of a building in an earthquake-prone zone. It suggests a systemic or inherent quality rather than a temporary mood. For example, the 'vulnerability of the economy' (η ευπάθεια της οικονομίας) suggests that the economic structure itself is prone to crashing when faced with external shocks.

Οι επιστήμονες μελετούν την ευπάθεια των παράκτιων περιοχών στην κλιματική αλλαγή.

Social Context: Social ευπάθεια refers to groups that are at risk of poverty, exclusion, or violence. It is a term used by NGOs and government bodies to categorize individuals who need extra protection or subsidies. Understanding this word is key to following Greek political and social discourse.

Η ευπάθεια του χαρακτήρα του τον έκανε εύκολο στόχο για εκμετάλλευση.

Πρέπει να διορθώσουμε τις ευπάθειες ασφαλείας στον κώδικα της εφαρμογής.

Η γενετική ευπάθεια παίζει ρόλο στην εμφάνιση ορισμένων ασθενειών.

Using ευπάθεια correctly requires understanding its role as an abstract noun. It usually functions as the subject of a sentence describing a state, or as the object of verbs like 'αναγνωρίζω' (recognize), 'μειώνω' (reduce), or 'εκμεταλλεύομαι' (exploit). Because it is a B2-level word, it appears in complex sentence structures involving prepositional phrases and genitive constructions.

Genitive Constructions: The most common way to specify what is vulnerable is to use the genitive case after the word. For example, 'ευπάθεια των ηλικιωμένων' (vulnerability of the elderly) or 'ευπάθεια του λογισμικού' (vulnerability of the software). This structure allows you to link the abstract concept to a specific entity.

In medical reports, you will see it paired with the preposition 'σε' (to/towards). For instance, 'ευπάθεια σε λοιμώξεις' (susceptibility to infections). This indicates the specific threat that the subject is prone to. It is important to note that the word itself is feminine (η ευπάθεια), so all accompanying adjectives and articles must match this gender.

Η ευπάθεια της περιοχής σε πλημμύρες είναι γνωστή στις αρχές.

Verbal Pairings: Common verbs used with ευπάθεια include: 1) Παρουσιάζω (to present/show) - 'Ο ασθενής παρουσιάζει ευπάθεια'. 2) Εντοπίζω (to locate/detect) - 'Εντοπίσαμε μια ευπάθεια στο σύστημα'. 3) Προστατεύω από (to protect from) - 'Πρέπει να προστατεύσουμε τους πολίτες με ευπάθεια'.

When discussing social issues, the word is often part of the phrase 'κοινωνική ευπάθεια'. This refers to social vulnerability. You might write: 'Η κυβέρνηση πρέπει να λάβει μέτρα για την αντιμετώπιση της κοινωνικής ευπάθειας'. Here, the word acts as a comprehensive term for various risks like unemployment, lack of healthcare, and housing instability.

In psychological contexts, you might hear about 'συναισθηματική ευπάθεια' (emotional vulnerability). This is often used in a clinical sense to describe someone who reacts more intensely to stress or emotional stimuli. It is less about 'opening up' and more about 'being easily broken' by circumstances.

Η συναισθηματική ευπάθεια δεν είναι πάντα αδυναμία, αλλά συχνά απαιτεί υποστήριξη.

Adjectival Use: The related adjective is 'ευπαθής' (vulnerable). You will see this more often than the noun in phrases like 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' (vulnerable groups). While the noun describes the quality, the adjective describes the person or group.

Λόγω της ευπάθειας των υλικών, η μεταφορά πρέπει να γίνει με προσοχή.

Η οικονομική ευπάθεια της χώρας αυξήθηκε μετά την κρίση.

Υπάρχει μια ευπάθεια στο σύστημα πληρωμών που πρέπει να διορθωθεί άμεσα.

Understanding where ευπάθεια lives in the Greek linguistic landscape will help you recognize it instantly. It is not a word of the 'street' or casual coffee shops, but it is omnipresent in the 'official' Greek world. If you open a Greek newspaper (like Kathimerini or To Vima), you will find it in the health, science, and economy sections.

The News and Media: Television news anchors use this word daily when reporting on state benefits, health warnings, or cyber-attacks. Phrases like 'προστασία των ευπαθών ομάδων' (protection of vulnerable groups) are standard in political rhetoric. When a new virus variant emerges, the discussion inevitably turns to the 'ευπάθεια του πληθυσμού' (vulnerability of the population).

In the academic world, particularly in sociology and psychology departments at universities like Panteion or the University of Athens, ευπάθεια is a core concept. Professors lecture on the 'structural vulnerability' of social classes or the 'psychological vulnerability' of children in crisis zones. In these settings, the word is used with precision to describe measurable risks.

Στις ειδήσεις είπαν για την ευπάθεια των ηλικιωμένων στον καύσωνα.

Hospitals and Clinics: If you ever have to visit a Greek doctor or hospital for a serious matter, you might see this on your medical charts. A doctor might explain that a patient has an 'ευπάθεια στο αναπνευστικό' (vulnerability in the respiratory system). It communicates a clinical predisposition rather than a temporary illness.

Environmental organizations also use the term frequently. When discussing the climate crisis in Greece—specifically forest fires and coastal erosion—experts talk about the 'ευπάθεια του οικοσυστήματος' (vulnerability of the ecosystem). It describes how easily the Greek natural landscape can be damaged by extreme weather events.

Finally, you will hear it in the legal and administrative sectors. Government documents regarding social welfare (KΕΑ, benefits, etc.) often use the term to define eligibility criteria. To receive certain types of state aid, one must often prove a state of 'κοινωνική ευπάθεια'. This bureaucratic usage is perhaps the most common way Greeks encounter the word in their adult lives.

Το σεμινάριο αφορούσε την ευπάθεια των ψηφιακών συστημάτων της τράπεζας.

Η ευπάθεια των νέων στις παραπληροφορήσεις είναι ένα σοβαρό ζήτημα.

Η έκθεση υπογραμμίζει την ευπάθεια της αγροτικής παραγωγής στην ξηρασία.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with ευπάθεια is confusing it with other words that share the root πάθος. Because 'pathos' means passion in English, some learners mistakenly think ευπάθεια means 'good passion' or 'positive feeling.' This is incorrect. In Greek, 'πάθος' can mean passion, but in this compound, it retains its older meaning of 'suffering' or 'being acted upon.'

Confusing with 'Ευαισθησία': Learners often use 'ευπάθεια' when they mean 'sensitivity' (ευαισθησία). While they are related, 'ευαισθησία' is usually positive or neutral (e.g., being sensitive to art or a sensitive person), whereas 'ευπάθεια' is almost always a negative state of being at risk. You wouldn't say a poet has 'ευπάθεια'; you would say they have 'ευαισθησία'.

Another common error is grammatical. Since 'ευπάθεια' is a feminine noun ending in -α, its plural is 'ευπάθειες'. Some learners try to pluralize it like 'ευπάθεια' (as if it were neuter) or 'ευπάθειες' with the wrong stress. Remember: η ευπάθεια (singular), οι ευπάθειες (plural). The stress remains on the 'πα'.

Mistake: Έχει μια ευπάθεια για τη μουσική.
Correct: Έχει μια ευαισθησία για τη μουσική.

Confusing with 'Τρωτότητα': In technical or military contexts, 'τρωτότητα' (from the word for 'wound') is often used for 'vulnerability' in terms of being hit or attacked. 'Ευπάθεια' is more about an internal weakness or susceptibility. Using 'ευπάθεια' for a fortress's weak wall might sound slightly odd compared to 'τρωτό σημείο' (vulnerable point).

Finally, watch out for the adjective 'ευπαθής'. It follows the third declension (ο/η ευπαθής, το ευπαθές). Learners often try to make it a first/second declension adjective (like 'ευπαθός'), which is a major error. Always use 'ευπαθής' for people and 'ευπαθές' for objects or systems.

Mistake: Η ευπάθειά του είναι η γρίπη.
Correct: Η ευπάθειά του τον κάνει να κολλάει εύκολα γρίπη.

Πολλοί μπερδεύουν την ευπάθεια με την απάθεια, αλλά έχουν αντίθετες σημασίες.

To truly master ευπάθεια, you must see how it sits alongside its synonyms and near-synonyms. Greek is a rich language with many ways to express 'weakness' or 'vulnerability,' and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context.

Τρωτότητα (Trotótita): This is the closest synonym to ευπάθεια. It comes from 'τιτρώσκω' (to wound). While ευπάθεια focuses on susceptibility to influence or disease, τρωτότητα focuses on the possibility of being harmed or 'wounded.' It is used extensively in strategic, military, and digital security contexts.

Αδυναμία (Adynamía): This means 'weakness' or 'inability.' It is a much broader and more common word than ευπάθεια. If you are physically weak after a long run, you have αδυναμία. Ευπάθεια is a more structural or chronic predisposition. You can have an 'αδυναμία' for chocolate (a soft spot), but you wouldn't have an 'ευπάθεια' for it.

Ευαισθησία (Evaisthisía): Meaning 'sensitivity.' This is often used for allergies (ευαισθησία στη γλουτένη) or emotional depth. It is less 'clinical' than ευπάθεια. If something is sensitive to light, it has ευαισθησία. If a population is at risk of a disease, it has ευπάθεια.

Προδιάθεση (Prodiáthesi): Meaning 'predisposition.' This is a common alternative in medical contexts. While ευπάθεια describes the state of being vulnerable, προδιάθεση describes the tendency toward a specific condition. 'Έχει προδιάθεση για διαβήτη' (He has a predisposition for diabetes).

Η ευπάθεια είναι μια κατάσταση, ενώ η τρωτότητα είναι μια πιθανότητα.

Αντί για την λέξη ευπάθεια, σε απλά ελληνικά θα λέγαμε 'ευαισθησία' ή 'αδυναμία'.

Η ευπάθεια του κτιρίου στον σεισμό οφείλεται στα παλιά υλικά.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

In Stoic philosophy, 'eupatheia' actually referred to 'good feelings' or 'healthy emotions' (like joy or caution) that a wise person should have, contrasting with 'pathe' (destructive passions). Modern Greek has turned it into a word for vulnerability!

発音ガイド

UK /efˈpa.θi.a/

US /efˈpɑ.θi.ə/

The stress is on the penult (the second to last syllable if counting vowels, but phonetically the third syllable: ef-PA-thi-a).

韻が合う語

απάθεια (apátheia) εμπάθεια (empátheia) συμπάθεια (sympátheia) αντιπάθεια (antipátheia) μάθεια (mátheia) πολυμάθεια (polymátheia) αμάθεια (amátheia) μετριόπαθεια (metriópatheia)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ευ' as 'ev' instead of 'ef' before the 'π'.
Stressing the 'θι' instead of the 'πα'.
Mispronouncing 'θ' as 't' or 's'.
Making the 'ι' too long like 'ee'.
Dropping the final 'α'.

難易度

読解 7/5

Requires knowledge of formal suffixes and root meanings.

ライティング 8/5

Spelling the 'ευ' and 'θ' correctly while managing the feminine declension.

スピーキング 7/5

The 'ef' sound followed by 'p' can be tricky for English speakers.

リスニング 6/5

Clear pronunciation but often spoken quickly in news contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

πάθος υγεία ομάδα σύστημα κίνδυνος

次に学ぶ

τρωτότητα ανθεκτικότητα επισφάλεια ανοσία θωράκιση

上級

ιδιοσυγκρασία προδιάθεση παθογένεια ευαισθητοποίηση διάγνωση

知っておくべき文法

The prefix 'ευ-' change to 'εφ-'

ευ + πάθεια = ευπάθεια (stays 'ευ' because 'π' is not aspirated in modern Greek, but 'ευ' is pronounced 'ef').

Feminine nouns in -α

η ευπάθεια, της ευπάθειας, οι ευπάθειες.

Third Declension Adjectives in -ης, -ες

ο ευπαθής, η ευπαθής, το ευπαθές.

Genitive of Cause

Λόγω της ευπάθειας (Because of the vulnerability).

Stress on the penult in nouns in -εια

ευπάθεια (stress on 'πα').

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Η ευπάθεια είναι κακή για την υγεία.

Vulnerability is bad for health.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

Έχει μια ευπάθεια στο κρύο.

He has a vulnerability to the cold.

Using 'έχει' (has) with the noun.

Προσοχή στην ευπάθεια των παιδιών.

Attention to the vulnerability of children.

Genitive case: 'των παιδιών'.

Η ευπάθεια αυτή είναι γνωστή.

This vulnerability is known.

Feminine article and pronoun: 'Η', 'αυτή'.

Δεν θέλω ευπάθεια.

I don't want vulnerability.

Simple negation with 'δεν'.

Η ευπάθεια του σώματος.

The vulnerability of the body.

Noun phrase with genitive.

Είναι μια μικρή ευπάθεια.

It is a small vulnerability.

Adjective 'μικρή' matches feminine noun.

Η ευπάθεια φέρνει προβλήματα.

Vulnerability brings problems.

Verb 'φέρνει' (brings).

Οι ηλικιωμένοι έχουν μεγαλύτερη ευπάθεια.

The elderly have greater vulnerability.

Comparative adjective 'μεγαλύτερη'.

Η ευπάθεια του συστήματος είναι φανερή.

The vulnerability of the system is obvious.

Adjective 'φανερή' matches 'ευπάθεια'.

Πρέπει να μειώσουμε την ευπάθεια.

We must reduce the vulnerability.

Modal verb 'πρέπει' with infinitive-like form.

Η ευπάθεια στις ασθένειες αυξάνεται.

Vulnerability to diseases is increasing.

Prepositional phrase 'στις ασθένειες'.

Αυτή η ευπάθεια είναι επικίνδυνη.

This vulnerability is dangerous.

Adjective 'επικίνδυνη'.

Μιλάμε για την ευπάθεια των φτωχών.

We are talking about the vulnerability of the poor.

Preposition 'για' followed by accusative.

Η ευπάθεια δεν είναι πάντα ορατή.

Vulnerability is not always visible.

Adverb 'πάντα' and adjective 'ορατή'.

Η ευπάθεια του χαρακτήρα της.

The vulnerability of her character.

Double genitive structure.

Η κοινωνική ευπάθεια απαιτεί κρατική μέριμνα.

Social vulnerability requires state care.

Formal vocabulary: 'μέριμνα'.

Αναγνωρίζουμε την ευπάθεια των δεδομένων μας.

We recognize the vulnerability of our data.

Verb 'αναγνωρίζουμε' (we recognize).

Η ευπάθεια του εδάφους προκάλεσε την καθίζηση.

The vulnerability of the ground caused the subsidence.

Past tense verb 'προκάλεσε'.

Παρουσιάζει μια ευπάθεια στους πνεύμονες.

He presents a vulnerability in the lungs.

Verb 'παρουσιάζει' (presents).

Η ευπάθεια της οικονομίας είναι ανησυχητική.

The vulnerability of the economy is worrying.

Adjective 'ανησυχητική'.

Λόγω ευπάθειας, δεν μπορεί να εργαστεί.

Due to vulnerability, he cannot work.

Preposition 'λόγω' followed by genitive.

Η ευπάθεια των κτιρίων στους σεισμούς.

The vulnerability of buildings to earthquakes.

Plural genitive 'των κτιρίων'.

Πρέπει να προστατευτούμε από την ευπάθεια.

We must protect ourselves from vulnerability.

Passive voice 'προστατευτούμε'.

Η ευπάθεια του λογισμικού διορθώθηκε με την ενημέρωση.

The software vulnerability was fixed with the update.

Technical context usage.

Οι ευπαθείς ομάδες πληθυσμού δικαιούνται επίδομα.

Vulnerable population groups are entitled to a subsidy.

Using the related adjective 'ευπαθείς'.

Η συναισθηματική ευπάθεια είναι μέρος της ανθρώπινης φύσης.

Emotional vulnerability is part of human nature.

Abstract philosophical subject.

Η έκθεση ανέδειξε την ευπάθεια της εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας.

The report highlighted the vulnerability of the supply chain.

Business/Economy context.

Υπάρχει μια γενετική ευπάθεια σε αυτή την οικογένεια.

There is a genetic vulnerability in this family.

Scientific context.

Η ευπάθεια των παράκτιων ζωνών στην άνοδο της στάθμης.

The vulnerability of coastal zones to the rise in sea level.

Environmental context.

Εκμεταλλεύτηκαν την ευπάθεια του αντιπάλου τους.

They exploited their opponent's vulnerability.

Verb 'εκμεταλλεύτηκαν' (exploited).

Η ευπάθεια του δικτύου οδήγησε σε διαρροή πληροφοριών.

The network vulnerability led to an information leak.

Cause and effect structure.

Η συστημική ευπάθεια του τραπεζικού τομέα είναι εμφανής.

The systemic vulnerability of the banking sector is evident.

Adjective 'συστημική' (systemic).

Η ευπάθεια των δημοκρατικών θεσμών στην πόλωση.

The vulnerability of democratic institutions to polarization.

Political science context.

Πρέπει να χαρτογραφήσουμε την ευπάθεια της περιοχής.

We must map the vulnerability of the area.

Metaphorical use of 'mapping'.

Η ευπάθεια του βρέφους απαιτεί απόλυτη αποστείρωση.

The infant's vulnerability requires absolute sterilization.

High precision medical term.

Η ευπάθεια των μνημείων στην ατμοσφαιρική ρύπανση.

The vulnerability of monuments to air pollution.

Cultural heritage context.

Η θεωρία της ευπάθειας εξηγεί πολλά κοινωνικά φαινόμενα.

The theory of vulnerability explains many social phenomena.

Academic context.

Η ευπάθεια του χαρακτήρα του τον καθιστά αναξιόπιστο.

The vulnerability of his character makes him unreliable.

Formal verb 'καθιστά' (renders/makes).

Αντιμετωπίζουμε τις ευπάθειες ασφαλείας με νέα πρωτόκολλα.

We are addressing security vulnerabilities with new protocols.

Plural noun 'ευπάθειες'.

Η εγγενής ευπάθεια της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης είναι θέμα της τραγωδίας.

The inherent vulnerability of human existence is a theme of tragedy.

Philosophical/Literary context.

Η ευπάθεια των οικοσυστημάτων αποτελεί τροχοπέδη για την ανάπτυξη.

The vulnerability of ecosystems constitutes a brake on development.

Idiomatic expression 'τροχοπέδη'.

Η ευπάθεια του νομίσματος οφείλεται σε εξωγενείς παράγοντες.

The currency's vulnerability is due to exogenous factors.

Advanced economic terminology.

Η ευπάθεια των ηλικιωμένων επιτείνεται από την κοινωνική απομόνωση.

The vulnerability of the elderly is exacerbated by social isolation.

Passive verb 'επιτείνεται' (is exacerbated).

Η ανάλυση ευπάθειας είναι απαραίτητη για τη διαχείριση κινδύνων.

Vulnerability analysis is essential for risk management.

Technical compound concept.

Η ευπάθεια του πολιτικού σκηνικού προμηνύει εξελίξεις.

The vulnerability of the political scene portends developments.

Literary verb 'προμηνύει'.

Η ευπάθεια των κρυπτογραφικών κλειδιών είναι αντικείμενο έρευνας.

The vulnerability of cryptographic keys is a subject of research.

Specialized scientific context.

Η ευπάθεια στην κριτική δείχνει έλλειψη αυτοπεποίθησης.

Vulnerability to criticism shows a lack of self-confidence.

Psychological observation.

よく使う組み合わせ

κοινωνική ευπάθεια

γενετική ευπάθεια

ευπάθεια ασφαλείας

οικονομική ευπάθεια

περιβαλλοντική ευπάθεια

συναισθηματική ευπάθεια

ευπάθεια σε λοιμώξεις

αναγνώριση ευπάθειας

μείωση της ευπάθειας

εκμετάλλευση ευπάθειας

よく使うフレーズ

ευπαθείς ομάδες

σημείο ευπάθειας

δείκτης ευπάθειας

ανάλυση ευπάθειας

λόγω ευπάθειας

κάλυψη ευπάθειας

πεδίο ευπάθειας

βαθμός ευπάθειας

διαχείριση ευπάθειας

ευπάθεια του πληθυσμού

よく混同される語

ευπάθεια vs απάθεια

Apathy (lack of feeling). It sounds similar but means the opposite of being easily affected.

ευπάθεια vs εμπάθεια

In Modern Greek, this means malice or bias (not empathy!).

ευπάθεια vs συμπάθεια

Sympathy. A positive feeling toward someone.

慣用句と表現

"αχίλλειος πτέρνα"

Achilles' heel. A person's or system's main vulnerability or fatal flaw.

Η ευπάθεια στις ξένες γλώσσες είναι η αχίλλειος πτέρνα του.

Formal/Literary

"ανοχύρωτη πόλη"

Unfortified city. Used for someone or something completely vulnerable and unprotected.

Χωρίς ασφάλεια, το δίκτυο είναι μια ανοχύρωτη πόλη.

Metaphorical

"χάρτινος πύργος"

House of cards. A structure or plan that is extremely vulnerable to collapse.

Η οικονομία του ήταν ένας χάρτινος πύργος λόγω ευπάθειας.

Informal/Metaphorical

"λεπτό σημείο"

Delicate point. A specific nuance or area where things could easily go wrong.

Η ευπάθεια στις διαπραγματεύσεις είναι ένα λεπτό σημείο.

Neutral

"στην κόψη του ξυραφιού"

On the razor's edge. A state of extreme vulnerability or danger.

Η υγεία του βρίσκεται στην κόψη του ξυραφιού λόγω ευπάθειας.

Neutral/Literary

"έρμαιο των ανέμων"

At the mercy of the winds. Completely vulnerable to external forces.

Χωρίς ηγεσία, η χώρα είναι έρμαιο των ανέμων και της ευπάθειας.

Literary

"μαλακό υπογάστριο"

Soft underbelly. The most vulnerable part of an organization or system.

Η ευπάθεια στην πληροφορική είναι το μαλακό υπογάστριο της εταιρείας.

Formal/Political

"σαν καλαμιά στον κάμπο"

Like a reed in the plain. Someone alone and vulnerable to any attack.

Ένιωθε ευπάθεια, μόνος σαν καλαμιά στον κάμπο.

Poetic/Folk

"ανοιχτή πληγή"

Open wound. A persistent vulnerability or unresolved problem.

Η ευπάθεια των συνόρων παραμένει μια ανοιχτή πληγή.

Metaphorical

"γυάλινος κόσμος"

Glass world. A situation so fragile and vulnerable it can break at any moment.

Η ψυχολογία του είναι ένας γυάλινος κόσμος γεμάτος ευπάθεια.

Poetic

間違えやすい

ευπάθεια vs ευαισθησία

Both translate to 'sensitivity' or 'vulnerability' in English.

Ευαισθησία is more general and can be positive. Ευπάθεια is more clinical and almost always implies a risk or weakness.

Η ευαισθησία του στο φως (sensitivity to light) vs Η ευπάθειά του στις ιώσεις (vulnerability to viruses).

ευπάθεια vs τρωτότητα

Both mean vulnerability.

Τρωτότητα is about being 'woundable' or attackable. Ευπάθεια is about being 'susceptible' or fragile.

Η τρωτότητα του τείχους (vulnerability of the wall) vs Η ευπάθεια του οργανισμού (vulnerability of the organism).

ευπάθεια vs αδυναμία

Both imply a lack of strength.

Αδυναμία is a general term for weakness or inability. Ευπάθεια is a specific predisposition.

Έχω αδυναμία στα γλυκά (I have a weakness for sweets) vs Έχω ευπάθεια στο στομάχι (I have a stomach vulnerability).

ευπάθεια vs πάθηση

Both come from the same root.

Πάθηση is the actual medical condition or disease. Ευπάθεια is the state that makes you likely to get the condition.

Η πάθηση της καρδιάς (the heart condition) vs Η ευπάθεια της καρδιάς (the heart's vulnerability).

ευπάθεια vs ευθραυστότητα

Both imply fragility.

Ευθραυστότητα is physical fragility (easy to break). Ευπάθεια is a broader susceptibility.

Η ευθραυστότητα του κρυστάλλου (fragility of the crystal) vs Η ευπάθεια της ειρήνης (vulnerability of the peace).

文型パターン

Η ευπάθεια του/της [Noun Genitive] είναι [Adjective].

Η ευπάθεια της υγείας του είναι μεγάλη.

[Subject] παρουσιάζει ευπάθεια σε [Noun Accusative].

Ο οργανισμός παρουσιάζει ευπάθεια σε λοιμώξεις.

Λαμβάνουμε μέτρα για τη μείωση της [Adjective] ευπάθειας.

Λαμβάνουμε μέτρα για τη μείωση της κοινωνικής ευπάθειας.

Η ευπάθεια [Noun Genitive] οδήγησε σε [Noun Accusative].

Η ευπάθεια του λογισμικού οδήγησε σε κλοπή δεδομένων.

Πρέπει να προστατεύσουμε τις ευπαθείς ομάδες από [Noun Accusative].

Πρέπει να προστατεύσουμε τις ευπαθείς ομάδες από τον καύσωνα.

Η [Adjective] ευπάθεια αποτελεί εγγενές χαρακτηριστικό του [Noun Genitive].

Η συναισθηματική ευπάθεια αποτελεί εγγενές χαρακτηριστικό του ανθρώπου.

Εντοπίστηκε μια ευπάθεια στο [Noun Accusative].

Εντοπίστηκε μια ευπάθεια στο σύστημα πληρωμών.

Η ευπάθεια [Noun Genitive] επιτείνεται από [Noun Accusative].

Η ευπάθεια της οικονομίας επιτείνεται από την κρίση.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in media, medical, and professional contexts; rare in casual slang.

よくある間違い

Using 'ευπάθεια' for empathy. → ενσυναίσθηση
Ευπάθεια means vulnerability. Empathy is ενσυναίσθηση. This is a common confusion for English speakers because of the word 'pathos'.
Saying 'ο ευπάθεια'. → η ευπάθεια
The word is feminine. Using the masculine article is a basic gender error that changes the whole sentence agreement.
Pronouncing 'ευ' as 'ev' in this word. → ef-PA-thi-a
Before 'π' (a voiceless consonant), 'ευ' must be pronounced as 'ef'. 'Ev' is only for voiced consonants or vowels.
Using 'ευπάθεια' as a synonym for 'illness'. → πάθηση or ασθένεια
Ευπάθεια is the *tendency* to get sick, not the sickness itself. You have a vulnerability *to* a disease.
Pluralizing as 'ευπάθειες' with stress on 'θι'. → ευπάθειες (stress on 'πα')
The stress in this word family stays on the 'πα' in both singular and plural forms. Don't move it to the end.

ヒント

Gender Agreement

Always remember that ευπάθεια is feminine. When you use adjectives, they must end in -η or -ια. For example, 'έντονη ευπάθεια' (intense vulnerability).

Medical Use

In a hospital, if you hear 'ευπαθής,' it's a serious term. It means the patient is at high risk and needs extra care. It's not just a minor weakness.

Cybersecurity

If you work in IT, learn the phrase 'εντοπισμός ευπαθειών' (vulnerability detection). It is the standard term for scanning systems for flaws.

The 'EF' sound

Practice saying 'ef' quickly before the 'p'. Don't let it become a full 'ev' sound, or it will sound non-native.

Synonym Choice

Use 'ευπάθεια' for susceptibility to sickness and 'τρωτότητα' for susceptibility to being attacked or hacked. They are close, but this distinction is professional.

Political Correctness

The term 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' is the polite, standard way to refer to disadvantaged groups in Greek society. It is the term used in law and NGOs.

Root Recognition

Connect 'ευ' (good/easy) + 'πάθεια' (suffering). It's the 'easy way' to suffer. This helps you remember it means vulnerability.

Genitive Case

Always follow 'ευπάθεια' with a genitive to show what is vulnerable. 'Η ευπάθεια της καρδιάς' (The vulnerability of the heart).

News Keywords

When you hear 'ευπάθεια' on the news, pay attention to the words around it. It usually signals a report on health risks or economic problems.

Formal Tone

Using this word correctly instantly elevates your Greek to a B2/C1 level. It shows you can handle abstract and professional concepts.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Euphoria' (good feeling) mixed with 'Pathology' (study of disease). 'Eu-pathia' is the 'easy path' for a disease to enter your body.

視覚的連想

Imagine a glass shield with a small crack labeled 'ευπάθεια'. It looks strong, but that one spot is 'easily affected' (eu-path).

Word Web

Υγεία (Health) Κίνδυνος (Danger) Προστασία (Protection) Σύστημα (System) Άμυνα (Defense) Ομάδα (Group) Ευπαθής (Vulnerable) Ασφάλεια (Security)

チャレンジ

Try to find the word 'ευπάθεια' or 'ευπαθείς' in a Greek news headline today. Write down the context (health, tech, or economy).

語源

From Ancient Greek εὐπάθεια (eupátheia), originally meaning 'comfort' or 'good condition' in some contexts, but evolved to mean 'susceptibility' in medical and philosophical discourse.

元の意味： The state of being well-affected or easily affected.

Indo-European > Hellenic > Greek

文化的な背景

When referring to people as 'vulnerable' (ευπαθείς), ensure the context is supportive. In social work, it is a category for aid, but in personal conversation, it might sound patronizing if used for a healthy individual.

English speakers often use 'vulnerability' for emotional openness. In Greek, 'ευπάθεια' sounds more like a medical or technical flaw. Use 'ευαισθησία' for the 'good' kind of emotional vulnerability.

The phrase 'ευπαθείς ομάδες' in every Greek government COVID-19 announcement. Academic papers on 'Η ευπάθεια του ελληνικού οικοσυστήματος' (The vulnerability of the Greek ecosystem). Cybersecurity blogs discussing 'ευπάθειες zero-day'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Medical / Health

ευπάθεια στο κρύο
γενετική ευπάθεια
ευπαθείς ομάδες
παρουσιάζω ευπάθεια

Information Technology

ευπάθεια ασφαλείας
εντοπισμός ευπαθειών
διόρθωση ευπάθειας
κρίσιμη ευπάθεια

Sociology / Economics

κοινωνική ευπάθεια
οικονομική ευπάθεια
δείκτης ευπάθειας
μείωση ευπάθειας

Environment

ευπάθεια οικοσυστήματος
κλιματική ευπάθεια
ευπάθεια περιοχής
φυσική ευπάθεια

Psychology

συναισθηματική ευπάθεια
ψυχολογική ευπάθεια
ευπάθεια χαρακτήρα
αναγνώριση ευπάθειας

会話のきっかけ

"Ποιες θεωρείτε ότι είναι οι μεγαλύτερες ευπάθειες του σύγχρονου τρόπου ζωής;"

"Πώς μπορούμε να προστατεύσουμε τις ευπαθείς ομάδες κατά τη διάρκεια του χειμώνα;"

"Έχετε βρει ποτέ κάποια ευπάθεια ασφαλείας στον υπολογιστή σας;"

"Πιστεύετε ότι η συναισθηματική ευπάθεια είναι αδυναμία ή δύναμη;"

"Ποια περιοχή της Ελλάδας έχει την μεγαλύτερη περιβαλλοντική ευπάθεια;"

日記のテーマ

Γράψτε για μια προσωπική σας ευπάθεια και πώς την αντιμετωπίζετε στην καθημερινότητα.

Περιγράψτε τα μέτρα που πρέπει να λάβει μια πόλη για να μειώσει την ευπάθειά της σε φυσικές καταστροφές.

Αναλύστε την έννοια των 'ευπαθών ομάδων' στην ελληνική κοινωνία σήμερα.

Σκεφτείτε μια φορά που η ευπάθεια ενός συστήματος (π.χ. τράπεζα, ίντερνετ) σας επηρέασε.

Πώς η τεχνολογία βοηθάει ή αυξάνει την ανθρώπινη ευπάθεια;

よくある質問

10 問

Technically yes, but it sounds clinical. In a romantic or personal context, 'ευαισθησία' is much more common. 'Ευπάθεια' implies you are easily broken or damaged, which might not be the connotation you want when talking about being open with a partner.

Yes! Both share the Greek root 'πάθος' (pathos), which relates to suffering or disease. 'Pathology' is the study of disease, while 'ευπάθεια' is the ease (ευ-) with which one can suffer or be affected by such conditions.

You use the plural adjective: 'ευπαθείς ομάδες'. This is a very common phrase in Greek social policy and news reports. For example: 'Πρέπει να στηρίξουμε τις ευπαθείς ομάδες' (We must support the vulnerable groups).

In cybersecurity, they are often used interchangeably for 'vulnerability'. However, 'τρωτότητα' often refers to the specific point of entry for an attack, while 'ευπάθεια' refers to the underlying flaw or the state of the system being insecure.

It is common in formal speech, news, and professional settings. You won't hear it much in a casual conversation at a bar, unless the topic is something serious like health or politics. It is a B2/C1 level vocabulary word.

You pronounce it as 'ef'. This is because the 'ευ' is followed by 'π', which is a voiceless consonant. So it sounds like 'ef-PA-thi-a'. If it were followed by a voiced consonant, it would sound like 'ev'.

Yes, 'ευπάθειες'. This is frequently used when talking about multiple security flaws in software or multiple health issues. Example: 'Το σύστημα έχει πολλές ευπάθειες' (The system has many vulnerabilities).

It is always feminine: 'η ευπάθεια'. All related adjectives must be feminine too, like 'μεγάλη ευπάθεια' or 'κοινωνική ευπάθεια'.

The most common opposite is 'ανθεκτικότητα' (resilience/durability) or 'ανοσία' (immunity) in medical contexts. 'Θωράκιση' (shielding) is also used in technical contexts.

No! This is a common false friend. 'Empathy' is 'ενσυναίσθηση' in Greek. 'Εμπάθεια' (which sounds like empathy) actually means malice or strong negative bias in Modern Greek.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る