英語の時間に関するイディオム: ギリギリ間に合って & そろそろ時間だ
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'High Time' for overdue actions and 'In the Nick of Time' for last-second saves.
- Use 'High Time' + Subject + Past Tense for overdue events: 'It’s high time we left.'
- Use 'In the Nick of Time' as an adverbial phrase for narrow escapes: 'He arrived in the nick of time.'
- Never use 'the' before 'nick' in the phrase 'in the nick of time'.
Overview
in the nick of time」と「high time」を掘り下げていきます。in the nick of time」は、最後の瞬間の成功、差し迫った否定的な結果からの劇的な回避を捉える表現です。これは、物語の緊張感に満ちた副詞句であり、最後の、決定的な瞬間に成功した行動を説明します。「いつ?」という問いに、危うく失敗した物語で答えるのです。high time」は、判断を下すために使われる構文です。ある行動をとるべき適切な時期はとっくに過ぎており、今や変化が遅れていることを意味します。そこには、焦り、批判、または緊急のアドバイスといったニュアンスが含まれます。文法的には、仮定法(subjunctive mood)の使用が注目に値します。仮定法は、英語で現実ではない状況を表現するための重要な構文です。これら2つのイディオムを理解するには、単語だけでなく、それらの明確な文法的な足跡と語用論的な機能(pragmatic functions)を把握する必要があります。in the nick of time」は記述的・物語的なツールである一方、「high time」は指示的・判断的なツールです。それらの機能は根本的に異なります。In the nick of time: 最後の可能な瞬間の原則nick」は記録保持に使われた正確な切り込みでした。「in the nick of time」に到着するとは、誤差の余地なく、正確な、正しい印に到着することでした。High time: 遅れている行動の原則High time」は単に時間だけではなく、判断に関するものです。それは、ずっと前に実行されるべきだった行動を述べるために使われる構文です。その中心的な原則は、遅延のために状況が許容できなくなったことを表現することです。それは、焦りや批判に基づいた行動の呼びかけです。話し手が「この問題について何か行動を起こすhigh timeだ」と言うとき、彼らは熟考の時間は終わったという強い意見を伝えています。high time」の場合、「It's high time you started」という構文は、過去の単純形(past simple tense)の動詞 started を、過去を指すのではなく、現在起こっていない望ましい行動を表現するために使用します。この直感に反する時制のシフトこそが、仮定法を信号し、現在の現実(あなたは始めていない)が望ましい現実(あなたは今始めるべきだ)とは対照的であるという感覚を伝えるのです。この文法的なニュアンスこそが、このフレーズを「You should start now」のような単純な提案を超えた、C1レベルの緊急の必要性の表現へと引き上げるのです。in the nick of time」は固定された不変のフレーズである一方、「high time」はいくつかの一般的なパターンを持つ柔軟な構文であり、それぞれに注意深い文法的な適用が必要です。In the nick of time- 公式:
Main Clause + in the nick of time
In the nick of time, the hero defused the bomb)、これはより文学的であり、日常会話ではあまり一般的ではありません。The team submitted the proposal | I finished the report |in the nick of time. | in the nick of time. |High timehigh time」の構文はより複雑で、3つの主要なパターンがあります。仮定法を含む最初のパターンを習得することは、高度な使用法にとって不可欠です。- 公式:
It's high time + Subject + Past Simple Verb (+ Remainder of Clause) - 例:
It's high time the government addressed climate change more seriously.
addressed は過去の単純形ですが、意味は現在と未来を指しています。それは、政府が現在十分にそれに取り組んでいないこと、そしてそれがすぐに変わる必要があることを表現しています。It's high time | It's high time |you | she |found | stopped |a new apartment. | making excuses. |for...to-infinitive パターン- 公式:
It's high time + for + Noun/Pronoun (Object) + to-infinitive - 例:
It's high time for him to start contributing to the team.
he ではなく、目的格代名詞 him が使用されていることに注意してください。to-infinitive パターン(一般的な主語)we、one)であるか、文脈から明らかである場合に使用されます。- 公式:
It's high time + to-infinitive - 例:
We're all getting tired. It's high time to leave.
In the nick of time を使用する場合:- 物語のドラマとストーリーテリング: 成功が最後の最後まで不確かだった物語を語るのに最適です。それはサスペンスを構築し、満足のいく結末をもたらします。例:「
I ran for the train and caught it in the nick of time.」(電車に駆け込み、ぎりぎりで間に合いました。) - 安堵の表現: このイディオムには、本質的に安堵の感覚が含まれています。それは、緊張した状況の後の、言葉による息抜きです。「
The project was about to fail, but we secured the funding in the nick of time.」(プロジェクトは失敗寸前でしたが、ぎりぎりで資金を確保しました。) - フォーマルおよびインフォーマルな状況: フォーマルな報告書(「
The data backup completed in the nick of time before the system-wide power failure.」)や、カジュアルなテキストメッセージ(「got the concert tickets in the nick of time! they sold out a minute later.」)の両方で十分な汎用性があります。
High time を使用する場合:- 焦りや批判の表現: これがその主な機能です。必要な行動が長すぎる間遅延されたと信じている場合に使用されます。トーンは批判的です。「
It's high time this company updated its archaic software.」(この会社が古くなったソフトウェアを更新する、まさにその時です。) - 強いアドバイスを与える: しばしば親のような、あるいは批判的なトーンで、相手の幸福にとって不可欠だと感じる行動をとるように促すために使用できます。「
It's high time you started saving for retirement.」(退職後のための貯蓄を始める、まさにその時ですよ。) - フォーマルな苦情や要求: ビジネスや公式の書簡では、行動を主張するための丁寧だが断固とした方法として機能します。「
Given the repeated security lapses, it is high time that the board implemented stricter protocols.」(度重なるセキュリティの不備を考えると、取締役会がより厳格なプロトコルを実施する、まさにその時です。)
About Time との対比High time」はしばしば「about time」と比較されます。似ていますが、それらは異なるフォーマル度とニュアンスを持っています。High time | About time |It's high time we left). | Often used as a standalone exclamation (About time!) or with a simple clause.| |About time you showed up! |high time での不正確な動詞の形- 間違い:
*It's high time she finds a new job. - 間違い:
*It's high time she will find a new job. - 正しい:
It's high time she found a new job.(仮定法のための過去の単純形)
It's high time という構文は、英語の仮定法を引き起こすものです。それは、現在の非現実的な状況(彼女が今、仕事を見つけていないが、見つけるべきであるという事実)を議論するために、過去の動詞形を必要とします。high time のパターンの混同- 間違い:
*It's high time for you to should start. - 正しい:
It's high time for you to start.(for...to-infinitiveパターン) - 間違い:
*It's high time we to go. - 正しい:
It's high time we went.(仮定法パターン)
for...to-infinitive パターンでは、to-infinitive の前に for + 代名詞 が来ます。仮定法パターンでは、主語の後に直接過去の単純形動詞が続きます。これらの要素を組み合わせると、文法的に誤った構造になります。in the nick of time の変更in the nick of time」は固定されたイディオムであり、その形を変えることはできません。学習者は、単語を置き換えたり、追加したりして、意味を伝えようとすることがありますが、これはイディオムの性質を理解していないためです。- 間違い:
*We arrived at the last moment.(これは意味は通じますが、イディオムではありません。) - 間違い:
*We arrived in the exact moment. - 間違い:
*We arrived in the nick of the moment. - 正しい:
We arrived in the nick of time.
nick」は、この文脈では「正確な瞬間」または「正確な印」を指す古風な言葉です。「time」は「時」を意味します。このフレーズ全体が、文字通り「正確な時に、ぎりぎりの瞬間に」という意味の、固定された塊として機能します。日本語で「絶妙なタイミングで」と言うのと同じように、単語を分解して置き換えることはできません。high time の主語の選択ミスIt's high time for + Object Pronoun + to-infinitive のパターンで、主語の代名詞(I, he, she)を使ってしまう間違いです。- 間違い:
*It's high time he for him to start. - 正しい:
It's high time for him to start.
for の後には、その不定詞の動作を行う人を示す目的格(object form)が来ます。これは、日本語ではあまり意識されない点です。日本語では「彼が始めるべきだ」のように主語がそのまま使われますが、英語では for him と目的格になります。In the nick of time vs. Just in timeIn the nick of time | Just in time |The firefighters arrived in the nick of time to save the cat. | I arrived just in time to catch the train. |in the nick of time」の方が、より危機一髪の状況やドラマチックな要素を含んでいるニュアンスがあります。例えば、火事から猫を救うような状況では「in the nick of time」がより適しています。一方、電車に間に合った場合は「just in time」でも十分です。High time vs. It's timeIt's time」は単純に「~する時間だ」という意味ですが、「It's high time」は、その行動がすでに遅れている、という強いニュアンスを含みます。It's time | It's high time |It's time + to-infinitive or It's time + Subject + Past Simple. | It's high time + to-infinitive or It's high time + Subject + Past Simple. (Subjunctive)| |It's time to go home. (ただ帰る時間だ) | It's high time we went home. (もうとっくに帰るべきだったのに!) | |It's time to go home」とも「It's high time we went home」とも訳せます。しかし、「high time」を使う場合は、「いつまで経っても帰ろうとしない」という相手への不満や焦りが含まれます。例えば、居酒屋で長居してしまって、終電が近いような状況では「It's high time we went home!」と言うのが自然でしょう。high time」の後に続く動詞は、なぜ過去形なのですか? 現在のことなのに、なぜ過去形を使うのですか?It's high time」のような表現は、「現状とは異なる、望ましい状況」を表現するために、過去の形を取ります。これは、日本語の「~べきだ」や「~した方がいい」という表現が、必ずしも過去形を使わないのとは対照的です。例えば、「彼が来るべきだ」という時に It's time he came. と言うのと同じ原理です。彼はまだ来ていない、という現状(非現実)に対して、来てほしい(望ましい)という気持ちを表すために過去形 came を使うのです。in the nick of time」と「at the last minute」は同じ意味ですか?in the nick of time」の方がよりドラマチックで、危機一髪だったというニュアンスが強いです。「at the last minute」は単に「最後の瞬間に」という意味で、必ずしも危険や失敗が伴うわけではありません。例えば、レポートの提出期限が今日正午で、午前11時59分に提出した場合、「I submitted the report at the last minute.」と言うことができます。しかし、もしその提出が遅れるとプロジェクト全体が失敗するという状況であれば、「I submitted the report in the nick of time to save the project.」と言う方が、その緊迫感が伝わります。high time」の for...to-infinitive パターンは、仮定法パターンとどう違いますか?It's high time + Subject + Past Simple (仮定法)は、より直接的に相手(主語)に対して「あなたが~すべきだ」と批判的または強いアドバイスをする際に使われます。一方、It's high time for + Object Pronoun + to-infinitive は、少し客観的で、特定の人物(またはグループ)が行動を起こす必要があるという事実を述べるニュアンスが強いです。例えば、「彼がその仕事を見つけるべきだ」と言いたい場合、It's high time he found a new job. は、彼への直接的な促しや批判の響きが強く、It's high time for him to find a new job. は、彼が新しい仕事を見つける必要がある、という状況説明の響きがやや強くなります。ただし、どちらも非常に似た意味で使われることが多く、文脈で判断することが重要です。in the nick of time」は、ポジティブな状況でも使えますか?We won the game in the nick of time with a last-second goal.」のように言うと、試合が非常に接戦で、最後の瞬間に劇的な逆転劇があったことが伝わります。単に「勝った」という事実だけでなく、その勝利がいかにぎりぎりだったか、というドラマ性を加える効果があります。The 'High Time' Clause Structure
| Introductory Phrase | Subject | Verb Form (Unreal Past) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
It is high time
|
we
|
left
|
It's high time we left.
|
|
It is high time
|
you
|
told
|
It's high time you told the truth.
|
|
It is high time
|
the government
|
acted
|
It's high time the government acted.
|
|
It is high time
|
she
|
realized
|
It's high time she realized her potential.
|
|
It is high time
|
they
|
were
|
It's high time they were here.
|
Contractions and Variations
| Full Form | Contracted Form | Less Emphatic Variation |
|---|---|---|
|
It is high time
|
It's high time
|
It's about time
|
|
It is high time that
|
It's high time that
|
It's time that
|
Meanings
These idioms describe specific temporal relationships: one indicating that an action is long overdue and requires immediate attention, and the other indicating that an action occurred at the final possible moment.
Overdue Action (High Time)
Used to express that something should have happened already and is now urgent.
“It's high time the government addressed the housing crisis.”
“It is high time we were going; it's getting very late.”
Last-Minute Success (In the Nick of Time)
Just before a deadline or a disaster; at the very last possible second.
“The paramedics arrived in the nick of time to save the patient.”
“I finished the report in the nick of time before the system crashed.”
Critical Moment (Nick of Time)
Refers to the precise moment of a critical event, often used in storytelling.
“In the very nick of time, the hero cut the red wire.”
“The intervention came in the nick of time, preventing a total market collapse.”
Reference Table
| イディオム | 意味 | 使い方 | よくある形 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
In the Nick of Time
|
ギリギリのタイミングで、間一髪で。
|
何かが危機一髪で回避されたり、土壇場で達成されたりする時。
|
[Verb] + `in the nick of time`
|
|
High Time
|
何かが起こるべき時、あるいはとっくに起こっているべき時。
|
何かの行動が遅れていて、今すぐ起こる必要がある時(しばしば焦りの気持ちを伴う)。
|
`It's high time` + [Subject] + [Past Simple Verb]
|
|
|
|
|
`It's high time for` + [Noun/Gerund/Infinitive]
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
It is high time we departed. (Leaving a venue)
It's high time we left. (Leaving a venue)
It's about time we got going. (Leaving a venue)
Let's bounce, we're already late. (Leaving a venue)
タイミングのイディオム: Nick of Time vs. High Time
In the Nick of Time
- 意味 Just at the last possible moment; barely in time.
- 雰囲気 Narrow escape, timely intervention, dramatic rescue.
- 構造 [Verb] + `in the nick of time`
High Time
- 意味 It is time or past time that something should happen.
- 雰囲気 Impatience, expectation, mild criticism, urgency.
- 構造 `It's high time` + [Subject] + [Past Simple Verb]
「In the Nick of Time」と「High Time」の比較
タイミングイディオムの選び方
何かを回避するために、行動がまさに最後の瞬間に起こっていますか?
何かが遅れていて、今すぐ起こる必要があることを表現していますか?
タイミングイディオムの文脈
In the Nick of Time
- • プレゼンテーションを救う
- • 飛行機に間に合う
- • 緊急救助
- • 締め切りに間に合う
High Time
- • 部屋を掃除する
- • 社会問題に取り組む
- • 新しいプロジェクトを始める
- • 遅れている電話をかける
よくある間違い
- • `high time he goes`
- • `just in the nick of time`
レベル別の例文
It is high time to go.
It is high time to go.
He came in the nick of time.
He came in the nick of time.
It is high time for lunch.
It is high time for lunch.
I finished in the nick of time.
I finished in the nick of time.
It's high time we left the office.
It's high time we left the office.
The rain stopped in the nick of time.
The rain stopped in the nick of time.
It is high time you cleaned your room.
It is high time you cleaned your room.
We caught the bus in the nick of time.
We caught the bus in the nick of time.
It's high time you started thinking about your future.
It's high time you started thinking about your future.
The goal was scored in the nick of time, just before the whistle.
The goal was scored in the nick of time, just before the whistle.
It's high time the company updated its website.
It's high time the company updated its website.
I found my passport in the nick of time before leaving for the airport.
I found my passport in the nick of time before leaving for the airport.
It is high time that we addressed the underlying causes of this issue.
It is high time that we addressed the underlying causes of this issue.
The backup generator kicked in in the nick of time, preventing data loss.
The backup generator kicked in in the nick of time, preventing data loss.
Don't you think it's high time you two made up?
Don't you think it's high time you two made up?
The pilot landed the plane in the nick of time before the storm hit.
The pilot landed the plane in the nick of time before the storm hit.
It is high time the international community took decisive action against climate change.
It is high time the international community took decisive action against climate change.
The intervention by the central bank came in the nick of time to stave off a recession.
The intervention by the central bank came in the nick of time to stave off a recession.
It is high time we reconsidered our stance on this controversial policy.
It is high time we reconsidered our stance on this controversial policy.
Just in the nick of time, the protagonist realized the true identity of the villain.
Just in the nick of time, the protagonist realized the true identity of the villain.
It is high time the legislature revisited these archaic laws that no longer serve the public interest.
It is high time the legislature revisited these archaic laws that no longer serve the public interest.
The diplomat’s clever retort arrived in the nick of time, diffusing an otherwise volatile situation.
The diplomat’s clever retort arrived in the nick of time, diffusing an otherwise volatile situation.
One might argue it is high time we abandoned the notion of absolute objectivity in journalism.
One might argue it is high time we abandoned the notion of absolute objectivity in journalism.
The breakthrough in quantum computing occurred in the nick of time, just as traditional methods reached their limit.
The breakthrough in quantum computing occurred in the nick of time, just as traditional methods reached their limit.
間違えやすい
Learners think they are identical. 'It's time' is neutral; 'It's high time' is urgent and often critical.
'In time' means before the deadline. 'In the nick of time' means at the very last possible second.
Both use 'time' and an adjective, but 'prime time' is for TV/media.
よくある間違い
It is high time to cleaning.
It is high time to clean.
In nick of time.
In the nick of time.
It is high time we go.
It is high time we went.
In the nick of the time.
In the nick of time.
It's high time you buy a car.
It's high time you bought a car.
He arrived at the nick of time.
He arrived in the nick of time.
It's high time for we to go.
It's high time for us to go.
It's high time we have started.
It's high time we started.
I finished it in the nick of times.
I finished it in the nick of time.
It's high time that he speaks.
It's high time that he spoke.
It is high time the issue is being addressed.
It is high time the issue was addressed.
In the very nick of the time.
In the very nick of time.
It's high time we would leave.
It's high time we left.
It's high time you had cleaned.
It's high time you cleaned.
文型パターン
It is high time ___ ___.
I managed to ___ just in the nick of time.
Isn't it high time ___ ___?
___ came in the nick of time to ___.
Real World Usage
It is high time the industry embraced AI integration.
Got to the gate in the nick of time! ✈️
It is high time we put an end to this injustice.
He cleared the ball off the line in the nick of time!
The driver arrived in the nick of time before I starved!
It is high time that scholars revisited this 19th-century theory.
仮定法を使いこなそう!
時制を間違えないで!
「Nick」でドラマを加えよう
微妙な焦りのニュアンス
現代の文脈で練習しよう
Smart Tips
Start your argument with 'It is high time we...' followed by a past tense verb to show authority and urgency.
Use 'just in the nick of time' at the very end of your sentence for maximum dramatic effect.
Think of it as a 'step back' in time. Present becomes Past.
Use 'It is high time' to politely but firmly remind someone of an overdue task.
発音
Stress on 'High'
In 'high time', the word 'high' is stressed to emphasize the urgency.
Linking 'Nick of'
The 'k' in 'nick' links to the 'o' in 'of', sounding like 'ni-kof'.
Rising-Falling on High Time
It's HIGH time we left. ↘
Conveys a sense of finality and slight annoyance.
暗記しよう
記憶術
High Time = High Pressure (it's late!). Nick of Time = Nicked it (caught it at the edge!).
視覚的連想
Imagine a tall clock tower (High Time) looking down at you because you are late. Then imagine a tiny 'nick' or scratch on a finish line (Nick of Time) that you just barely crossed.
Rhyme
When the clock is high, the past tense we apply. In the nick of time, you've saved the day in rhyme.
Story
A student was sleeping while his alarm rang—it was high time he woke up. He ran to the exam hall and handed in his paper in the nick of time, just as the professor shouted 'Time is up!'
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write three sentences about things you should have done last week using 'It's high time I...', and one story about a close call using 'in the nick of time'.
文化メモ
British speakers use 'high time' frequently in political discourse to signal that the government is failing to act. It sounds slightly more 'proper' than in American English.
Americans often substitute 'high time' with 'about time' in casual speech, though 'high time' remains common in writing and formal contexts.
Australians may use 'in the nick of time' in sports contexts (like Cricket or Footy) to describe a last-minute play that changes the game.
The 'nick' in 'nick of time' refers to the old practice of keeping track of time or scores by cutting 'nicks' (notches) into a tally stick.
会話のきっかけ
Do you think it's high time your city improved its public transport?
Have you ever arrived at the airport in the nick of time?
Is it high time we all stopped using plastic bottles?
Tell me about a time you were saved in the nick of time.
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
The doctor arrived ___ to save the patient.
In the nick of time」は「まさに最後の瞬間に」という意味で、患者を救うという文脈に合致します。Find and fix the mistake:
It's high time she cleans her room.
cleaned)を使います。Choose the correct sentence:
In the nick of time」は、締め切り直前に何かを完了する際の正しいイディオムです。Translate into English: 'Ya es hora de que pidamos la comida.'
Answer starts with: ["I...
Score: /4
練習問題
8 exercisesIt's high time you ___ your homework.
Find and fix the mistake:
We arrived in the nick of the time.
It is ___ time the government took action.
We should have left already.
A: Did you catch the train? B: Yes, just ___!
Select the correct one:
Match them:
time / in / nick / the / of / arrived / she
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe goalie blocked the shot ___ , preventing the opposing team from scoring.
It's high time the government addresses climate change.
Which of these sentences is grammatically correct?
Translate: 'Llegué justo a tiempo para la reunión.'
Put the words in the correct order:
Match the idiom to the best example:
It's ___ we celebrated our team's amazing success this quarter!
The delivery arrived just in the nick of time.
Rearrange the words:
Translate: 'Es hora de que los estudiantes comiencen a estudiar para sus exámenes.'
Choose the most appropriate sentence:
Pair the idiom with a suitable situation:
Score: /12
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, you can. This is a common alternative to `It's high time I went`. It is slightly more formal and avoids the past tense clause.
It can be. It implies that someone is late or has been lazy. Use it with friends or in formal arguments, but be careful with your boss!
This is the 'unreal past'. We use it to show that the action hasn't happened yet, but we are imagining it as something that *should* have already happened.
They are very similar. `In the nick of time` usually refers to a single event (like catching a bus), while `at the eleventh hour` often refers to a decision or a change in a plan.
It's rare. Usually, we use it to say what *should* happen. You might say `Isn't it high time you didn't have to do everything yourself?`, but it's much more common in the affirmative.
Yes, a `nick` is a small cut or notch. In this idiom, it represents a very small unit of time.
No, the phrase is always singular: `in the nick of time`.
`About time` is slightly less urgent and more common in casual conversation. `High time` is more emphatic.
Scaffolded Practice
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Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Ya era hora / En el último momento
English requires the past simple, while Spanish often uses the subjunctive.
Il est grand temps / Juste à temps
French uses the subjunctive after 'que' (Il est grand temps que nous partions).
Es wird höchste Zeit / Im letzten Moment
German often uses an infinitive construction (Es ist höchste Zeit zu gehen) rather than a past tense clause.
Giri-giri (ギリギリ)
Japanese lacks the specific 'unreal past' grammatical trigger found in 'high time'.
An al-awan (آن الأوان)
The grammatical structure following the Arabic phrase is usually a standard present or past verb, not a specific 'unreal' mood.
Gāi... le (该...了) / Jíshí (及时)
Chinese uses particles like 'le' to show change of state rather than tense shifts.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
関連動画
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