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A2 noun 9分で読める

el cuadro

例文 メモとヒント el cuadro 30秒で
解説 el cuadro in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'el cuadro' is introduced as a basic vocabulary word for the home or classroom. Students learn it alongside other household objects like 'la mesa' (table) or 'la silla' (chair). The focus is on the physical object: a painting or picture hanging on the wall. You will use it in simple sentences to describe a room or express preferences. For example, 'El cuadro es grande' (The painting is big) or 'Me gusta este cuadro' (I like this painting). At this stage, learners should simply focus on the masculine gender of the word and its plural form, 'los cuadros'. It is an essential noun for basic descriptive tasks and for identifying common items in a person's surroundings.
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At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'el cuadro' to describe art and decoration in more detail. You might use it to talk about hobbies, such as painting, or to describe a visit to a museum. At this level, you start to see 'el cuadro' used in slightly more complex grammatical structures, such as with prepositions: 'El cuadro en la pared' (The painting on the wall). You also begin to learn related verbs like 'pintar' (to paint) and 'colgar' (to hang). A2 students should also be aware that 'cuadros' (plural) is used to describe a checkered pattern on clothing, such as 'una camisa de cuadros' (a checkered shirt). This level focuses on everyday communication and basic descriptions of the environment and personal possessions.
At the B1 level, the word 'el cuadro' starts appearing in more varied contexts. Beyond art, students encounter it in the context of data and organization, such as 'un cuadro comparativo' (a comparative chart) or 'un cuadro sinóptico' (a summary table). In the context of health, a B1 learner might hear about a 'cuadro gripal' (a flu-like condition) or 'cuadro clínico'. The word becomes a tool for summarizing and organizing information. Learners are expected to use it in narrative contexts, perhaps describing a scene in a play or a detailed artistic analysis. The distinction between 'pintura' (the art form) and 'cuadro' (the object) becomes more important as students aim for more precise expression.
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At the B2 level, 'el cuadro' is used in more abstract and professional ways. Students should be comfortable with idiomatic expressions and technical terms like 'cuadro de mando' (control panel/dashboard) or 'cuadro de mandos' in a business or engineering context. The word is often used to describe a 'situation' or 'overview,' such as 'el cuadro general de la economía' (the general picture of the economy). B2 learners should be able to discuss the composition of a 'cuadro' in an artistic sense, using terms like 'perspectiva,' 'iluminación,' and 'composición.' The use of 'cuadro' in literature and journalism to set a scene or summarize a complex set of events is also common at this stage.
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At the C1 level, learners use 'el cuadro' with high precision and in sophisticated metaphorical ways. It may appear in discussions about sociology or history to describe a 'cuadro social' (social picture/landscape). The nuances between 'cuadro,' 'estampa,' 'grabado,' and 'lienzo' are mastered. C1 students understand the theatrical use of 'cuadro' as a specific division of an act and can analyze its structural function in a play. They also use the word in complex professional reporting, where 'cuadro' might refer to a sophisticated matrix of data. The word is used to synthesize complex realities into a single, understandable 'picture.'
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At the C2 level, 'el cuadro' is handled with native-like fluidity across all domains. This includes highly specialized uses in medicine, law, and the arts. A C2 speaker might use 'cuadro' to describe a specific stylistic movement or a complex diagnostic paradigm. They are aware of archaic or literary uses of the word and can appreciate its role in classical Spanish literature (e.g., 'cuadros de costumbres' - sketches of manners). The word is used effortlessly in high-level academic writing to refer to figures, tables, and conceptual frameworks. At this level, the speaker recognizes the subtle connotations the word carries in different Spanish-speaking regions and can adapt their usage accordingly.
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例文 メモとヒント

el cuadro 30秒で

  • El cuadro primarily means a framed painting or picture used for decoration.
  • It comes from the Latin word for 'square', which explains its use for charts and tables.
  • In medicine, it refers to a patient's 'clinical picture' or set of symptoms.
  • It is a masculine noun (el cuadro) and is used in art, theater, and sports.

The Spanish word el cuadro is one of those versatile nouns that every learner must master early on, yet it continues to reveal new layers of meaning as you progress toward fluency. At its most fundamental level, particularly for an A2 learner, it refers to a painting, a drawing, or any piece of visual art that is framed and displayed on a wall. However, the etymological root of the word is tied to the Latin quadrum, meaning 'square.' This geometric origin informs almost every use of the word in modern Spanish. Whether you are discussing the fine arts in the Prado Museum or looking at a spreadsheet in a business meeting, the concept of a 'bounded rectangular space' remains the central theme. In everyday life, you will use el cuadro to describe the decor in your home, the specific scene in a theatrical production, or even the clinical presentation of a patient's symptoms in a medical context.

Artistic Context
In the world of art, el cuadro refers to the physical object—the canvas, the frame, and the image combined. While la pintura refers to the medium or the act of painting, el cuadro is the finished product hanging on the wall.

Me encanta el cuadro que tienes en la sala; los colores son muy vivos.

Structural and Data Context
Beyond art, the word is used for charts, tables, and grids. If you are looking at a bus schedule or a statistical comparison table, you are looking at un cuadro. This extends to the idea of a 'framework' or a 'picture' of a situation.

Debemos analizar el cuadro comparativo antes de tomar una decisión final.

The word is also used in sports and games. For instance, in baseball, the 'infield' is often referred to as el cuadro. In a more abstract sense, it can describe a 'clinical picture' in medicine (el cuadro clínico), which refers to the sum of a patient's symptoms and signs. This versatility makes it a high-frequency word that appears in literature, journalism, and technical manuals alike. Understanding that its core identity is 'a defined square or rectangular space' will help you decipher its meaning whenever you encounter it in a new, unfamiliar context.

Using el cuadro correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical gender and how it interacts with common verbs like pintar (to paint), colgar (to hang), and mirar (to look at). Because it is a masculine noun, it always takes the articles el, un, los, or unos. When you are at a museum, you might use it to identify specific works: 'Este cuadro es de Velázquez.' Here, the word acts as a pointer to the physical manifestation of the artist's labor.

Common Verb Pairings
The most common actions performed with a painting include pintar (to create it), enmarcar (to frame it), and exponer (to exhibit it). If you are decorating a house, you will likely colgar (hang) or quitar (remove) a painting.

El artista tardó tres meses en terminar el cuadro al óleo.

Abstract and Technical Usage
In professional settings, el cuadro often appears in phrases like el cuadro de mando (dashboard or control panel) or el cuadro general (the big picture/general overview). In these cases, it moves away from literal art and toward organizational structure.

Para entender el problema, debemos ver el cuadro completo de la situación.

When describing a scene in a play, el cuadro refers to a subsection of an act where the scenery does not change. This is a very specific theatrical term. For example, 'El segundo acto tiene tres cuadros.' This usage highlights the 'static' nature of the word, comparing a theatrical moment to a still painting. In mathematics or computer science, a 'cuadrado' is a square, but un cuadro de texto is a text box. As you can see, the word adapts to the geometry of the situation, always implying a rectangular container for information or beauty.

You will encounter el cuadro in a vast array of real-world environments across the Spanish-speaking world. In Spain, a visit to the Museo del Prado is incomplete without hearing guides discuss los cuadros de las Meninas. In Mexico City, you might hear it at the Palacio de Bellas Artes. However, it is not just a word for elite art circles. If you go to a local hardware store to buy a hook for your wall, you will ask for something to hang un cuadro. If you are in a doctor's waiting room in Argentina, the physician might come out and discuss the cuadro clínico of a patient, referring to the overall state of their health.

In the Office
In a corporate environment, especially during a PowerPoint presentation, a speaker might point to a slide and say, 'Como pueden ver en este cuadro...' referring to a table of data or a chart. It is the standard term for a grid-based representation of information.

El jefe pidió un cuadro resumen con las ventas del trimestre.

In the Theater
If you are watching a play, the program might list the divisions of the story. Unlike 'escenas' which are marked by characters entering or leaving, cuadros are marked by a change in the physical setting or 'picture' on stage.

Esta obra de teatro se divide en tres actos y seis cuadros.

Even in sports broadcasting, particularly baseball, the 'infield' is the cuadro. You might hear a commentator say, 'La pelota se quedó en el cuadro,' meaning the ball stayed within the infield. Finally, in automotive or electrical contexts, el cuadro de instrumentos is the dashboard or the fuse box. The word is ubiquitous because it provides a simple way to describe any rectangular, organized, or framed entity. Whether you are an art lover, a businessman, a doctor, or a sports fan, el cuadro is a word you will hear and use daily.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is confusing el cuadro with la pintura. While they are often interchangeable in casual conversation, there is a technical distinction. La pintura refers to the liquid paint itself or the artistic technique (e.g., 'La pintura al óleo'), whereas el cuadro refers to the physical object hanging on the wall. If you say 'Me gusta esa pintura,' you are praising the art. If you say 'Me gusta ese cuadro,' you are praising the piece as a whole, including its presence in the room.

Cuadro vs. Marco
Another common mistake is using cuadro when you mean marco. If you want to say 'The frame is broken,' you must say 'El marco está roto.' If you say 'El cuadro está roto,' it implies the canvas or the entire piece is damaged.

Incorrecto: El cuadro de madera es muy bonito (if you only mean the frame). Correcto: El marco de madera es muy bonito.

Square vs. Cuadro
In geometry, a square is un cuadrado. Learners often use cuadro to describe the shape. While 'cuadros' can refer to a checkered pattern (like on a shirt), the geometric shape itself is always cuadrado.

Llevo una camisa de cuadros (a plaid/checkered shirt).

Finally, be careful with the phrase el cuadro clínico. Some students translate 'clinical picture' literally as 'imagen clínica' or 'foto clínica'. While 'imagen' is used for X-rays or MRIs, the overall diagnostic situation is always el cuadro. Misusing these terms can lead to confusion in professional settings. Always remember that cuadro implies a structured or framed view, whether literal or metaphorical. By keeping these distinctions in mind, you will sound much more like a native speaker and avoid common pitfalls that mark a beginner.

While el cuadro is a very versatile term, there are many synonyms and related words that can provide more precision depending on what you are describing. If you are in an art gallery, you might want to distinguish between a portrait, a landscape, or a mural. Using more specific terms demonstrates a higher level of Spanish proficiency and allows for more nuanced descriptions of the visual world.

Artistic Variations
  • La pintura: Focuses on the art of painting or the paint itself.
  • El lienzo: Refers specifically to the canvas. Useful when discussing the material.
  • La obra: A more general term meaning 'work' (as in 'obra de arte').
  • El retrato: Specifically a portrait of a person.
  • El paisaje: Specifically a landscape painting.

En lugar de decir 'cuadro', el crítico usó el término 'óleo sobre lienzo' para ser más preciso.

Data and Structure Alternatives
  • La tabla: A table of data (often used in Excel or scientific papers).
  • El gráfico: A chart or graph (pie chart, bar graph).
  • El esquema: An outline or diagram.

La información está organizada en una tabla de doble entrada.

In summary, while cuadro is your 'go-to' word for anything framed or in a grid, being aware of these alternatives will help you navigate different domains. In a medical setting, you might hear estado or condición instead of cuadro clínico, though the latter remains very common. In the theater, escena is more frequent than cuadro, unless you are discussing the technical aspects of the set design. By expanding your vocabulary with these synonyms, you enrich your ability to express complex ideas clearly and accurately.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'cuadro' originally referred only to the square shape. It wasn't until the Renaissance, when paintings began to be framed in rectangular or square frames, that the word started to refer to the art itself.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈkwa.ðɾo/
US /ˈkwa.ðɾo/
The stress is on the first syllable: KUA-dro.
韻が合う語
padre (partial) taladro descuadro ladro escuadro encuadro reencuadro mueble (no)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing the 'd' too hard like an English 'd'. It should be soft (interdental).
  • Rolling the 'r' too much. It is a single tap, not a trill.
  • Adding a 'u' sound after the 'o' (like 'kwadrow'). Keep the 'o' short and clean.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to identify in texts, but context is key for its multiple meanings.

ライティング 2/5

Simple spelling, but remember it's masculine despite ending in 'o'.

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to pronounce, but watch the soft 'd'.

リスニング 2/5

Commonly used, usually clear in spoken Spanish.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

la pintura el color la pared el arte mirar

次に学ぶ

el marco el pincel el lienzo la exposición el museo

上級

el claroscuro la perspectiva el vanguardismo la pincelada el boceto

知っておくべき文法

Gender of nouns ending in -o

El cuadro (masculine).

Adjective agreement

Cuadro antiguo / Cuadros antiguos.

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レベル別の例文

1

El cuadro es muy bonito.

The painting is very pretty.

Simple subject-verb-adjective agreement.

2

Hay un cuadro en mi habitación.

There is a painting in my room.

Use of 'hay' for existence.

3

Me gusta ese cuadro azul.

I like that blue painting.

Agreement between 'cuadro' and 'azul'.

4

Los cuadros son grandes.

The paintings are big.

Plural formation: 'cuadro' becomes 'cuadros'.

5

¿Dónde está el cuadro?

Where is the painting?

Interrogative sentence with 'estar'.

6

Es un cuadro de flores.

It is a painting of flowers.

Use of 'de' to describe content.

7

Mi madre tiene un cuadro antiguo.

My mother has an old painting.

Possession with 'tener'.

8

No veo el cuadro.

I don't see the painting.

Negative sentence with direct object.

1

Quiero colgar este cuadro en el salón.

I want to hang this painting in the living room.

Infinitive 'colgar' after 'querer'.

2

Llevo una camisa de cuadros hoy.

I am wearing a checkered shirt today.

'De cuadros' means checkered/plaid.

3

Fuimos al museo a ver los cuadros de Goya.

We went to the museum to see Goya's paintings.

Preterite tense 'fuimos'.

4

El cuadro está encima del sofá.

The painting is above the sofa.

Preposition 'encima de'.

5

Ese cuadro es más caro que este.

That painting is more expensive than this one.

Comparative structure 'más... que'.

6

Mi hermano pinta cuadros de paisajes.

My brother paints landscape paintings.

Present tense 'pinta'.

7

Necesito un marco para mi cuadro.

I need a frame for my painting.

Distinction between 'marco' and 'cuadro'.

8

El cuadro representa una escena de la ciudad.

The painting represents a city scene.

Verb 'representar' for artistic content.

1

El médico analizó el cuadro clínico del paciente.

The doctor analyzed the patient's clinical picture.

Technical use of 'cuadro clínico'.

2

He hecho un cuadro comparativo de los precios.

I have made a comparative chart of the prices.

Present perfect tense.

3

El segundo cuadro de la obra fue muy emocionante.

The second scene of the play was very exciting.

Theatrical meaning of 'cuadro'.

4

Si tuviera dinero, compraría ese cuadro.

If I had money, I would buy that painting.

Second conditional (imperfect subjunctive + conditional).

5

El cuadro se cayó de la pared anoche.

The painting fell off the wall last night.

Reflexive 'se cayó'.

6

Es importante ver el cuadro completo antes de juzgar.

It is important to see the full picture before judging.

Metaphorical use of 'cuadro completo'.

7

Los cuadros de la exposición son abstractos.

The paintings in the exhibition are abstract.

Adjective agreement 'abstractos'.

8

Ella prefiere los cuadros al óleo.

She prefers oil paintings.

Specific art medium 'al óleo'.

1

El cuadro de mandos del avión es muy complejo.

The airplane's control panel is very complex.

Technical term 'cuadro de mandos'.

2

El cuadro macroeconómico del país está mejorando.

The country's macroeconomic picture is improving.

Abstract use in economics.

3

A pesar de la lluvia, el cuadro era pintoresco.

Despite the rain, the scene was picturesque.

Use of 'cuadro' to mean 'view' or 'scene'.

4

El artista rompió el cuadro por frustración.

The artist tore up the painting out of frustration.

Preposition 'por' for cause.

5

Este cuadro estadístico muestra el crecimiento anual.

This statistical table shows the annual growth.

Formal use of 'cuadro' for data.

6

El cuadro de personal de la empresa ha cambiado.

The company's staff roster has changed.

HR term 'cuadro de personal'.

7

Me llamó la atención el cuadro de luces de la ciudad.

The pattern of city lights caught my attention.

Metaphorical use for a visual pattern.

8

Fue un cuadro dantesco el que encontramos allí.

It was a nightmarish scene that we found there.

Idiomatic expression 'cuadro dantesco'.

1

La novela ofrece un cuadro detallado de la sociedad de la época.

The novel offers a detailed picture of the society of the time.

Literary use for social description.

2

El cuadro sinóptico facilita la comprensión del tema.

The summary table facilitates the understanding of the topic.

Academic term 'cuadro sinóptico'.

3

Se ha agravado el cuadro clínico del paciente en las últimas horas.

The patient's clinical condition has worsened in the last few hours.

Formal medical register.

4

El director de escena cuidó cada detalle del cuadro final.

The stage director took care of every detail of the final scene.

Theatrical technicality.

5

El cuadro de honor de la universidad incluye a los mejores alumnos.

The university's honor roll includes the best students.

Institutional term 'cuadro de honor'.

6

Analizamos el cuadro de variaciones estacionales.

We analyzed the table of seasonal variations.

Scientific/Statistical context.

7

Su comportamiento no encaja en el cuadro habitual.

His behavior does not fit the usual pattern.

Abstract use for 'pattern' or 'framework'.

8

El cuadro de instrumentos falló durante el aterrizaje.

The instrument panel failed during landing.

Aviation terminology.

1

La obra se inscribe dentro de los cuadros de costumbres del siglo XIX.

The work falls within the 19th-century sketches of manners.

Literary history term 'cuadros de costumbres'.

2

El cuadro tarifario vigente será revisado el próximo mes.

The current rate schedule will be reviewed next month.

Legal/Administrative term 'cuadro tarifario'.

3

La interrelación de factores compone un cuadro de gran complejidad.

The interrelation of factors makes up a picture of great complexity.

High-level abstract synthesis.

4

El cuadro de mandos integral es vital para la estrategia corporativa.

The balanced scorecard is vital for corporate strategy.

Business management term (Balanced Scorecard).

5

Se percibe un cuadro de desolación tras el desastre.

A picture of desolation is perceived after the disaster.

Evocative literary use.

6

El cuadro de distribución eléctrica requiere mantenimiento.

The electrical distribution board requires maintenance.

Technical engineering term.

7

Es un cuadro patológico que desconcierta a los especialistas.

It is a pathological picture that baffles specialists.

Specialized medical register.

8

El cuadro de mando de la misión espacial confirmó el éxito.

The mission control panel confirmed the success.

Aerospace context.

よく使う組み合わせ

Cuadro al óleo
Colgar un cuadro
Cuadro clínico
Cuadro de mandos
Cuadro comparativo
Cuadro de honor
Cuadro sinóptico
Camisa de cuadros
Cuadro de texto
Pintar un cuadro

よく使うフレーズ

En el cuadro

— Inside the frame or, in sports, in the infield.

La pelota cayó en el cuadro.

Fuera del cuadro

— Outside the frame or the relevant area.

Ese detalle quedó fuera del cuadro.

Estar en el cuadro

— To be part of a specific group (like an honor roll or a team).

Él está en el cuadro titular.

Ver el cuadro completo

— To see the big picture or understand the whole situation.

Debes ver el cuadro completo antes de decidir.

Un cuadro de...

— A scene or state of something.

Era un cuadro de absoluta tristeza.

Cuadro por cuadro

— Frame by frame (often in film or animation).

Analizaron el video cuadro por cuadro.

Hacer un cuadro

— To make a scene (often negative behavior).

No hagas un cuadro en medio de la calle.

Cuadro de mandos integral

— Balanced scorecard in business management.

Implementamos un cuadro de mandos integral.

Cuadro de luces

— Electrical fuse box or a light display.

El cuadro de luces está en el pasillo.

Cuadro de instrumentos

— The dashboard of a vehicle.

El cuadro de instrumentos se iluminó.

慣用句と表現

"Ser un cuadro"

— To be a sight to behold, often in a ridiculous or messy way.

Llegaste empapado por la lluvia, ¡eres un cuadro!

Informal
"Pintar un cuadro negro"

— To present a pessimistic or gloomy view of a situation.

No pintes un cuadro tan negro, las cosas mejorarán.

Neutral
"No estar en el cuadro"

— To be out of the loop or not part of the plan.

En este nuevo proyecto, yo no estoy en el cuadro.

Informal
"Cuadro dantesco"

— A scene of great horror or devastation (referring to Dante's Inferno).

El incendio dejó un cuadro dantesco.

Literary/Formal
"Hacerle el cuadro a alguien"

— In some regions, to set someone up or to corner someone.

Le hicieron el cuadro para que confesara.

Slang
"Quedarse en el cuadro"

— To stay within the expected limits or, in sports, to be out in the infield.

El corredor se quedó en el cuadro.

Sports
"Ni en cuadro"

— Not even in a painting (meaning not at all or in no way).

No quiero verlo ni en cuadro.

Informal
"Poner en cuadro"

— To organize or to put someone in their place.

El sargento puso en cuadro a los reclutas.

Military/Colloquial
"Cuadro de mandos"

— Metaphorically, the place where decisions are made.

Él está en el cuadro de mandos de la nación.

Metaphorical
"Estar hecho un cuadro"

— To look terrible or disheveled.

Después de la fiesta, estaba hecho un cuadro.

Informal

語族

名詞

cuadrado (square)
cuadrícula (grid)
cuadrante (quadrant)
encuadre (framing)

動詞

cuadrar (to square/fit)
encuadrar (to frame)
descuadrar (to be out of alignment)

形容詞

cuadrado (square-shaped)
cuadriculado (checkered/rigid)
encuadrado (framed)

関連

marco
pintura
lienzo
dibujo
lámina
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暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'QUAD' (4-sided) frame around a painting. That's your 'CUADRO'.

視覚的連想

Visualize a classic gold frame hanging on a museum wall. Inside the frame is a bright 'square' of color.

Word Web

Art Museum Frame Square Table Chart Scene Medicine

チャレンジ

Describe three 'cuadros' you have in your house or would like to have, using at least two different adjectives for each.

語源

From the Latin 'quadrum', meaning 'square'.

元の意味： A square shape or something four-sided.

Romance (Latin)

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but when discussing 'cuadros religiosos', be aware of the deep Catholic tradition in many Spanish-speaking countries.

English speakers often say 'picture' for everything, but Spanish speakers distinguish between 'foto' and 'cuadro' (art).

Las Meninas (Velázquez) Guernica (Picasso) Los fusilamientos del 3 de mayo (Goya)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At a Museum

  • ¿Quién pintó este cuadro?
  • Es un cuadro al óleo.
  • No tocar los cuadros.
  • Este cuadro es del siglo XVIII.

In a Hospital

  • Presenta un cuadro febril.
  • El cuadro clínico es grave.
  • Evolución del cuadro.
  • Cuadro de síntomas.

At an Office

  • Mira el cuadro de Excel.
  • Cuadro de mando integral.
  • Cuadro comparativo de ventas.
  • Organizar los datos en un cuadro.

At Home

  • ¿Dónde colgamos este cuadro?
  • El cuadro está torcido.
  • Limpiar el polvo del cuadro.
  • Un cuadro para el pasillo.

At a Clothing Store

  • Busco una camisa de cuadros.
  • Pantalones de cuadros escoceses.
  • Tela de cuadros.
  • Cuadros pequeños o grandes.

会話のきっかけ

"¿Tienes algún cuadro favorito en tu casa?"

"¿Prefieres los cuadros modernos o los clásicos?"

"¿Alguna vez has pintado un cuadro tú mismo?"

"¿Cuál es el cuadro más famoso que has visto en un museo?"

"¿Te gusta llevar ropa con estampados de cuadros?"

日記のテーマ

Describe detalladamente un cuadro que te guste mucho. ¿Qué colores tiene y qué representa?

Escribe sobre una visita a un museo. ¿Qué cuadros te llamaron más la atención y por qué?

Imagina que eres un artista. ¿Qué tipo de cuadro pintarías hoy?

¿Cómo crees que un cuadro puede cambiar el ambiente de una habitación?

Escribe sobre una situación en la que 'viste el cuadro completo' de un problema.

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